China faces severe environmental crises due to its extensive coal burning, water pollution, loss of forests, and desertification. Over half of China's surface water and about 90% of underground water used for farming is polluted. Nearly a quarter of China's land is desertified. The existence of "cancer villages" where pollution has caused high cancer rates has also drawn attention, with the government now acknowledging the link between pollution and health issues. While challenges remain, there are some signs the public is demanding more control over environmental protection.