The document discusses the definition, causes, and effects of climate change on natural resources. It highlights both natural causes, such as volcanic eruptions and solar energy cycles, and human activities like deforestation and fossil fuel combustion that contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. Climate change leads to rising sea levels, extreme weather conditions, and declining crop productivity, ultimately affecting ecosystems and the livelihoods of people dependent on natural resources.

1. EFFECTS OF CLIMATE
CHANGE ON
NATURALRESOURCES
Submitted by- Lavi Bharti
Submitted to – Dr. Reshma bhatnagar

2. CONTENT
Definition of Climate Change
Causes of Climate Change- Natural
Causes & Human Causes

3. DEFINITION OF CLIMATE CHANGE
“ It is a change which is attributed directly or
indirectly to human activity that alters the
composition of the global atmosphere and which is
in addition to natural climate variability observed
over comparative time periods”

4. CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGE
• Climate change will impact every type of natural resource.
• The distributions of plant and animal species will continue to change
as rising temperatures alter ecosystems and amplify existing
environmental concerns.

5. CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGE
 NATURAL CAUSES
 Volcanic eruptions

6. Volcanic Eruption
• In 1991, Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines erupted, releasing 17
million tonnes of sulphur dioxide. This was enough to reduce global
sunlight by 10%, cooling the planet by 0.5°C for about a year.
• 1815 eruption of Tambora in Indonesia. This was the biggest
eruption in human history. In 1816, temperatures around the world
were so cold that it was called ‘the year without a summer’, and up
to 200 000 people died in Europe as harvests failed. The effects
lasted for four to five years. Sunlight reaching earth was reduced by
10%.

7.  Earth orbital changes-
 More tilt = warmer summers & colder
winters
 Less tilt = cooler summers & milder winters

8. Solar Energy
• Solar energy also known as ‘sun spots’ works in cycles, so that the
sun’s energy varies over short periods. This can increase temperature when
there are more sun spots.
• These cycle last for 11 years
• The darker the spots, the more active and solar output energy is released.
• Cooler periods, such as the Little Ice Age, and warmer periods, such as
the Medieval Warm Period, may have been caused by changes in
sunspot activity.

10. Effect
• Is the increase in the natural greenhouse
effect, said to be caused by human activities
which increase the quantity of greenhouse gases
in the atmosphere.
• Examples include:
• Increasing car ownership
• Domestic use

12.  Deforestation

13. Cont....
• When forests are cleared or burnt, stored carbon is
released into the atmosphere, mainly as carbon
dioxide.
• Averaged over 2015—2017, global loss of
tropical forests contributed about 4.8 billion
tonnes of carbon dioxide per year (or about 8-
10% of annual human emissions of carbon
dioxide).

14.  Coal Mining

15. Cont...
• Coal and fuel oil combustion emit fly ash particles into the
atmosphere, which contribute to air pollution problems.
• Upon burning, coal produces a number of gaseous by-
products, including carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide,
sulfur dioxide and methane gas, all of which contribute
to global climate change

16.  Burning of Fossil Fuels

17.  Industrial processes

18. Carbon dioxide
• Power Plants (40% of carbon emissions)
• Cars (33% of carbon emissions)
• Airplanes (causes an estimated 3.5% of global warming)
• Buildings (12% of carbon emissions)
• Deforestation (responsible for 20-25% of carbon emissions)

20. EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
RISE IN SEA LEVEL
Melting ice sheets  Sea level rise

21. Sea levels are rising Global sea level
has increased by roughly 8 inches
over the past century, and the rate of
increase is accelerating. Global
warming causes sea-level rise in two
ways:
(1) Ocean water is expanding as it
warms. (2) Land-based ice in glaciers
and ice sheets is melting.

22. HEAVY RAINFALL ACROSS THE GLOBE

23. EXTREME DROUGHT

24. Warmer temperatures enhance evaporation,
which reduces surface water and dries out soils
and vegetation.

25. DECLINE IN CROP PRODUCTIVITY

26. • More extreme temperature and precipitation can
prevent crops from growing.
Extreme events, especially floods and droughts,
can harm crops and reduce yields.

27. ECOSYSTEMS ARE CHANGING

28. RISE IN TEMPERATURE

29. Effects
Temperatures are increasing The most
striking evidence of a global warming
trend is closely scrutinized data that show
a relatively rapid and widespread increase
in temperature during the past century.
The 10 warmest years on record occurred
during 1997-2008, according to NASA's
Goddard Institute for Space Studies

30. CARBON DIOXIDE ACIDIFIES SEAWATER
CO2 CO2
Atmosphere
Ocean
“shelled-critters”
 CO2 and carbonate (which plankton use to make
shells) combine in the ocean.
 The ocean is already more acidic than it was 50
years ago.
Source:Alfred-Wegener-Institute

31. Impacts of species degradation due to
climate change on livelihoods
• Climate change conditions such as
increase in atmospheric temperature
and carbon dioxide concentration
directly affect availability of biomass
energy, food, fiber and other
ecosystem services.
• Degradation of species supplying
such products directly affect the
livelihoods of people relying on them

32. THANK YOU