The document discusses evidence that human activity is causing climate change through the emission of greenhouse gases. It describes how scientific analysis of ice cores from Antarctica and Greenland reveal that climate change is occurring and that we are heading towards significant changes to the climate. While some argue that climate change is a natural phenomenon, the evidence from feedback mechanisms like chemical weathering of CO2 indicates that human emissions are disrupting these systems and accelerating climate change. The document urges that despite skepticism, the scientific evidence needs to be addressed to mitigate the risks of climate change.
IB Extended Essay Sample APA 2018-2019 by WritingMetier.comWriting Metier
APA style International Baccalaureate Extended Essay Sample years 2018-2019 written by WritingMetier.com
Topic:
Adverse effects of global warming and what can be done to reduce it?
This document is all about climate change and its related issues like global warming, ice age, effects and causes best for understanding to non scientists.
Summary: It is not disputed that mean temperature of Earth has increased by 0.8° C since the early 20th century. Various factors affecting Earth’s surface temperature have been examined and it is found that no mathematical correlation exists between those factors and Global Warming. It is suggested that Earth dynamically keeps its surface temperature.
IB Extended Essay Sample APA 2018-2019 by WritingMetier.comWriting Metier
APA style International Baccalaureate Extended Essay Sample years 2018-2019 written by WritingMetier.com
Topic:
Adverse effects of global warming and what can be done to reduce it?
This document is all about climate change and its related issues like global warming, ice age, effects and causes best for understanding to non scientists.
Summary: It is not disputed that mean temperature of Earth has increased by 0.8° C since the early 20th century. Various factors affecting Earth’s surface temperature have been examined and it is found that no mathematical correlation exists between those factors and Global Warming. It is suggested that Earth dynamically keeps its surface temperature.
Global warming is a long-term rise in the average temperature of the Earths climate system, an aspect of climate change shown by temperature measurements and by multiple effects of the warming. A worldwide temperature alteration, the wonder of expanding normal air temperatures close to the surface of Earth over the past one to two centuries. Atmosphere researchers have since the mid-twentieth century assembled itemized perceptions of different climate marvels, for example, temperatures, precipitation, and storms and of related influences on atmosphere, for example, sea flows and the airs compound creation . These information demonstrate that Earths atmosphere has changed over pretty much every possible timescale since the start of geologic time and that the influence of human exercises since in any event the start of the Industrial Revolution has been profoundly woven into the specific texture of environmental change. Prof. S. S. Patil "A Study on Global Warming and its Effects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd20301.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/geography/20301/a-study-on-global-warming-and-its-effects/prof-s-s-patil
Global warming &climate changesGlobal temperature measurements remote from human habitation and activity show no evidence of a warming during the last century. Such sites include “proxy” measurements such as tree rings, marine sediments and ice cores, weather balloons and satellite measurements in the lower atmosphere, and many surface sites where human influence is minimal.
Animal agriculture adaptation planning guide (climate change)LPE Learning Center
This 44-page publication produced by the AACC project is a planning guide to help guide farmers through the process of future farm planning considering climate change.
Format: Factsheet or Publication - Reference: Schmidt, D., E. Whitefield, D. Smith. 2014. Produced for Animal Agriculture in a Changing Climate Project.
What is the difference when talking about weather versus climate? How do you measure and describe the atmosphere? How are models used in predicting weather or climate? For more on this topic, visit: http://extension.org/60702
What are some of the basic principles and terminology involved in climate change? Learn more about the Earth's atmosphere, energy balance, and how the greenhouse effect can alter both climate and weather. What is climate forcing? What is climate feedback? For more on this topic, visit: http://extension.org/60702
Global warming is a long-term rise in the average temperature of the Earths climate system, an aspect of climate change shown by temperature measurements and by multiple effects of the warming. A worldwide temperature alteration, the wonder of expanding normal air temperatures close to the surface of Earth over the past one to two centuries. Atmosphere researchers have since the mid-twentieth century assembled itemized perceptions of different climate marvels, for example, temperatures, precipitation, and storms and of related influences on atmosphere, for example, sea flows and the airs compound creation . These information demonstrate that Earths atmosphere has changed over pretty much every possible timescale since the start of geologic time and that the influence of human exercises since in any event the start of the Industrial Revolution has been profoundly woven into the specific texture of environmental change. Prof. S. S. Patil "A Study on Global Warming and its Effects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd20301.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/geography/20301/a-study-on-global-warming-and-its-effects/prof-s-s-patil
Global warming &climate changesGlobal temperature measurements remote from human habitation and activity show no evidence of a warming during the last century. Such sites include “proxy” measurements such as tree rings, marine sediments and ice cores, weather balloons and satellite measurements in the lower atmosphere, and many surface sites where human influence is minimal.
Animal agriculture adaptation planning guide (climate change)LPE Learning Center
This 44-page publication produced by the AACC project is a planning guide to help guide farmers through the process of future farm planning considering climate change.
Format: Factsheet or Publication - Reference: Schmidt, D., E. Whitefield, D. Smith. 2014. Produced for Animal Agriculture in a Changing Climate Project.
What is the difference when talking about weather versus climate? How do you measure and describe the atmosphere? How are models used in predicting weather or climate? For more on this topic, visit: http://extension.org/60702
What are some of the basic principles and terminology involved in climate change? Learn more about the Earth's atmosphere, energy balance, and how the greenhouse effect can alter both climate and weather. What is climate forcing? What is climate feedback? For more on this topic, visit: http://extension.org/60702
That’s All, Brother, the aircraft which lead the D-Day Invasion, will be used as a flying classroom, where an immersive experience centered on the actions of the Paratroopers on D-Day will serve to reinforce essential life skills learned at school.
The Douglas C-47 that led the invasion of Normandy on D-Day will be rescued and restored to flying condition. Following the restoration the Commemorative Air Force plans to use the aircraft for educational programs.
types of meditation - cheakout different types of meditation including the views of science and religion and choose the best meditation technique for you.
cheak out more about types of meditation at bestmeditationtechniques.net
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Running Head CLIMATE CHANGE 1CLIMATE CHANGE 1CLIMAT.docxjoellemurphey
Running Head: CLIMATE CHANGE 1
CLIMATE CHANGE 1
CLIMATE CHANGE
Student’s Name
University Affiliation
Climate Change
So there has been an temperature increase on the Earth b 1 degree Farenheit with the past two centuries. Many oblivious persosn would wonder what the big deal is. The one degree being mentioned may appear negligible, but it is actually an extraordinary event in the planet’s history. The preserved and studied Earth’s climate records indicate that the average global temperature has been stable for long periods of time. Furthermore, slight changes in the temperature result in major alterations in the environment.
According to scientific estimations, the environment as we now know it will not be the same in the next 10 years. We should also not forget that the environment is what we depend on fully, not the other way round. As it is, the initiatives to mitigate climate change should first begin with the actions of each and every one at a personal level. Climate change is no longer considered an emerging concern but a lurking catastrophe. This paper seeks to enlighten the reader on climate change, a Geoscience issue that has been the cause of massive research in its various aspects. The paper gains insight on the topic in the most holistic manner possible.
According to other professionals in the field of geology, climate change has been termed as a significant, progressive and lasting alteration in weather’s statistical patterns, noted for periods that range from a decade to millions of ages. Basically, climate change has the potential of being the change in the weather’s average condition or its distribution. The main means that have been used by scientists in understanding the condition’s plight are theoretical and observational. More recently however, there have been improved methods of scrutinizing the situation, through the use of instrumental recordings. Nonetheless, the universally accepted definition of climate change is; the change in climate system’s statistical properties after being considered for a long period of time, where the causes are not regarded.
As a constituent issue, many are unable to distinguish climate and global warming (Giddens, 2009). However, the fault cannot be entirely placed on them as the two are indeed deeply intertwined. I would therefore use this relationship between the two issues to approach both at once. It is common knowledge that climate change is one of the realest threats that our prosperity faces; this being in accordance to a tenfold of research conducted by numerous scientists. Carbon dioxide is among the pollutant gases that contribute to the deterioration of the ozone layer as well as bringing about the greenhouse effect (McKrecher, 2010). Various anthropogenic activities such as deforestation have also been noted as major causes of the progressively increasing climate change. Having stated that, it becomes clear that climate change comes about due to global ...
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Effects Of Climatic Change ... These climatic changes have a negative impact on the environment. The ocean level is rising, glaciers are melting, CO2 in the air .... Climate change is caused by the things that people do. The greenhouse gases that come from cars and factories is a major cause of climate change. In fact, it .... Greenhouse gases released such as carbon dioxide, CFCs, and other pollutants in the earth's atmosphere cause Global Warming which leads to climate change. Black .... The climate change essay is information on changing weather conditions and its impact on the environment. How to start a climate change essay? You can start a .... 5. 12. 2022 ... Climate Change Essay 10 Lines (100 - 150 Words) · 1) Climate change is the unusual shift in the climate of the earth. · 2) It has an adverse .... 29. 1. 2022 ... In conclusion, climate change is the most significant problem facing the world. Global warming is increasing day by day. If we cannot prevent it .... Climate change refers to the changes in Earth's climate condition. It describes the changes in the atmosphere which have taken place over a period ranging from .... 27. 9. 2022 ... Climate change is primarily caused by the excessive accumulation of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, in the Earth's .... 22. 2. 2023 ... Answer: The effects of global warming are disturbing. Due to excessive urbanization, the Earth's temperature is regularly increasing, and .... Essay on Climate Change ... The Change Of The Climate Change. The world continues to spin and spin, and we've always heard about the condition of the climate. We ...
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2. Climate Change 2
How is it that humans can be so arrogant as to claim responsibility for changing the
climate of the entire earth? After all, Earth is believed to be over four and a half billion years old
and the human race has only been around a measly 2.8 million years (Ghosh, 2015). Moreover,
we have only been pumping greenhouse gases into the atmosphere for a paltry two and a half
centuries, since the dawn of the industrial revolution. We know from scientific evidence that the
earth has undergone drastic changes in climate numerous times throughout its history. It follows
that climate change will continue to occur indefinitely whether or not an industrialized society
exists on the planet. These are some of the beliefs held by those who do not subscribe to the
theory of anthropogenic caused climate change. However, these arguments have a fatal flaw;
they simply ignore the evidence that scientists are literally unearthing every day from deep below
the frozen glaciers of Antarctica and Greenland. Scientific analysis of ice cores taken from these
two regions reveal that we are on a collision course with dramatic changes to our climate, some
say irreversibly. While I am skeptical of the latter half of that statement, there is definitive proof
that climate change is real. Now all that remains is to get everyone to listen.
The idea of climate change is not a new concept. In fact, we know that humans and their
ancestors actually lived through several ice ages. Moreover, Ghosh states that climate change
was the likely catalyst in our evolution from human-like tree dwelling primates to Homo erectus
(2015). However, the thought that humans were contributing to global warming and enhancing
climate change by burning fossil fuels did not come about until Swedish scientist Svante
Arrhenius first proposed it in 1896 (Weart, 2008, p. 1). His theories were largely ignored by the
scientific community until the mid-twentieth century as new theories and technologies began to
emerge.
One such theory, published by Edward Lorenz in 1963, would ultimately revolutionize
way scientists think about the atmosphere, weather forecasting and climate change. The Lorenz
Attractor is a simplified representation of a chaotic system. It demonstrates a the concept of the
"Butterfly Effect" which states that small changes in a system will eventually produce large
variances in the way that system behaves (Lorenz, 1963, pp. 130, 142). However, it also
demonstrates that over time, chaotic systems have a predictable behavior. What this means with
regard to weather and climate is that it is impossible to accurately forecast more than a week or
two in advance because tiny variances in the initial state of our atmosphere and oceans lead to
huge variances in the behavior of weather patterns over a relatively short period. However, we
can predict the long term future state of climates because over a long period the latter variances
tend to follow a predictable pattern. Figure 1 illustrates a computer model of the Lorenz
Attractor.
Figure 1: Lorenz Attractor
http://favbulous.com/post/993/9-impressive-webgl-javascript-effect-showcase
3. Climate Change 3
Of course, theories are useless without evidence to support them and one of the most
abundant resources of climate change evidence lies deep beneath the frozen landscapes of
Greenland and Antarctica. Here scientists are able to learn much about past climate and thus
predict future climate change by analyzing ocean floor sediment and from ice cores samples
from these regions as well as others. In fact, according to Ahrens (2015), "A multiuniversity re-
search project known as CLIMAP (Climate: long-range investigation mapping and prediction)
studied the past million years of global climate" (p. 398). By careful analysis of the chemicals
and substances contained in these samples, scientist have been able to both reconstruct climate
conditions from the past as well as to study multiple feedback mechanisms that affect long-term
climate effects. Their results clearly demonstrate that small changes to one feedback mechanism
greatly influences all other feedback mechanisms and ultimately our climate, just as Lorenz
theorized mathematically. A positive feedback system tends to enhance or accelerate effects on
the climate, while negative feedback systems tend to mitigate or slow the effects, reducing the
chances of "runaway" climate change.
One such feedback mechanism studied by CLIMAP is the chemical weathering–CO2
negative feedback mechanism. According to Ahrens (2015), "Chemical weathering is a process
by which carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere as silicate minerals in rocks
decompose in the presence of moisture" (p. 406). As the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere
decrease due to chemical weathering, the climate becomes cooler. Periods of high chemical
weathering are indicated as peaks on Figure 2 below and troughs indicate the opposite.
Consequently, as the atmosphere cools, less water vapor evaporates from the oceans and
restricting the moisture available that is needed for the chemical weathering process, thus
reducing the amount of CO2 that is removed from the atmosphere. The pendulum then begins to
swing in the opposite direction which tends to lead to a warming of the atmosphere. Because
this mechanism tends to keep climate change in check, it is a negative feedback mechanism.
It is important to note that while we could assume, just by looking at the data from Figure
2, that an increase in CO2 levels begets an increase in atmospheric temperature. However,
scientists believe that temperature is the dominant factor in this relationship and that CO2 levels
merely regulate temperature extremes. Despite this fact, scientists are extremely concerned with
the direction of our climate over the past 250 years. As the world became industrialized and we
are pumping unprecedented levels of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, the level of CO2 is
rising, unchecked despite the current temperature levels. In other words, these seemingly minute
quantities of CO2 in our atmosphere, compared to nitrogen and oxygen which constitute the vast
majority of our atmosphere, are expected to have an enormous effect on global temperatures over
the next century. Moreover, by altering this important feedback mechanism, we are greatly
impacting our future climate. Glaciers will continue to melt, raising sea levels and threaten to
food the coastlines of the United States and around the globe; reduced snow-cover in our polar
regions mean that more solar radiation will be absorbed by the earth's surface, further increasing
global temperatures; the increase in greenhouse gases will trap more of this radiation in our
atmosphere and continue to warm the earth; and finally, with this increase in heat energy in our
atmosphere, we can expect an increase in violent, severe weather events.
4. Climate Change 4
Figure 2: Antarctic Ice Core Data Past 400,000 Years
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/224962710_Climate_and_atmospheric_history_of_the_
past_420000_years_from_the_Vostok_ice_core_Antarctica/links/0046351d295fdb0670000000/i
mages/2.png (Petit, et al., 1999, p. 431)
Despite the scientific evidence from just one aspect of our delicate climate system, there
are many who still reject or outright ignore these warning signs. Politicians and business leaders
choose to lobby against environmental programs aimed to mitigate or reverse climate change
claiming that it simply does not exist. They argue that the economic costs to implement such
programs outweigh any potential "real" threat to our climate. While I personally believe that
nature and the earth always seems to find a way to balance itself out, I also believe that we may
not like the results. As I stated before, now all we need to do is to get everyone to listen.
Works Cited
Ahrens, C. D. (2015). Essentials of Meteorology: An Invitation to the Atmosphere (Seventh ed.).
(S. Kenter, Ed.) Stamford, CT, United States of America: Cengage Learning. Retrieved
March 4, 2015
Ghosh, P. (2015, March 4). First human' discovered in Ethiopia. Retrieved March 6, 2015, from
BBC News Web site: http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-31718336
Lorenz, E. N. (1963, March). Deterministic Nonperiodic Flow. Journal Of The Atmosphere
Sciences, 20(2), 130-141. doi:10.1175/1520-0469
Petit, J. R., Jouzel, J., Raynaud, D., Barkov, N., Barnola, J., Basile, I., . . . Stievenard, M. (1999,
June). Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostock ice
core, Antarctica. Nature, 399, 429-436. doi:10.1038/20859
5. Climate Change 5
Weart, S. R. (2008, August). The Discovery of Global Warming (2nd ed.). Boston, MA, United
States of America: Harvard University Press. Retrieved March 6, 2015, from
http://www.aip.org/history/climate/summary.htm