Climate Adapted Native Plant Materials Project: Practical Innovation for an Uncertain Future
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Breakout Session Slides Climate Adapted Native Plant Materials Project: Practical Innovation for an Uncertain Future – Mike Conroy will discuss how the Tualatin SWCD is evaluating assisted migration to augment the genetic fitness of native plants used in restoration projects. The core of this project is a long-term common garden experiment. Monday, February 12 3:05 - 3:30 p.m.
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Climate Adapted Native Plant Materials Project: Practical Innovation for an Uncertain Future
- 1. 1 Climate Adapted Plant Materials Project Preparing for an Uncertain Future
- 2. 2 Tualatin River Watershed • In NW Oregon, east of Coast Range, west of Portland • Mediterranean climate with winter rains and summer drought • 39% Forestry 35% Ag 26% Urban • Urban + Ag ~20x20 mile area
- 3. 3 Resilient native plant communities are key to achieving basin priorities • Water Quality – Shade, streambank erosion, filtration • Soil Health – Carbon sequestration • Wildlife Habitat – Oak, Wetland, Pollinator • Forest Health – Resilient low elevation forest Annually Planting >500,000 Bareroot trees and shrubs @ $0.70 each = $350,000 a year In addition, native grass and forb seed, and herbaceous bareroot and containers Source: SOLVE. solveoregon.org
- 4. 4 Resilient native plant communities are key to Clean Water Services water quality trading program
- 5. 5 Ecosystem Services Model – Multiple benefits from 1 priority • Plantings generate shade credit to meet regulatory requirements • Maintain function to maintain credit • Trees and shrubs are Green Infrastructure Tualatin Basin Story
- 6. 6 Riparian Revegetation Methods • Historical reference communities • 1-2 year site prep • Bareroot trees and shrubs • No irrigation, tubes, mulch • Monitor for results not survival Guillozet, Peter, Kendra Smith, and Kathleen Guillozet. "The rapid riparian revegetation approach." Ecological Restoration 32.2 (2014): 113-124.
- 7. 7 Expanding Seed Zones • 3 year grow out contracts • Reliable access to plant materials • Until 2017, seed zone was Tualatin basin • 2017 Widened to entire Willamette Valley – 120 miles south • 2024 - Evaluating climate analog regions up to 450 miles south
- 8. 8 Climate Change Locally Impacts for Riparian Restoration • Decline in iconic PNW species like Douglas-fir and Western redcedar • Increased drought mortality of planted seedlings • Land managers altering species selections without guidance Western redcedar dieback Photo by Joey Hulbert Climate Change – Felt and Forecast • Annual temps increasing, extreme heat events more frequent • Annual precip roughly the same, but decrease during summer
- 9. 9 Photo by Evan Dennis Native Plants are Key, Climate Change is Here and Complex, What could a path forward look like… Focus on Trees and Shrubs • Primary need for shade • Time to reproduction = Lag time to answers • Hopefully evaluating maladaptation during seedling stage by 2027 Seedlot Selection Tool • Shelf ready and logical output • Bridging science and application
- 10. 10 Native Plants are Key, Climate Change is Here and Complex, What could a path forward look like… Phase Name Year Status 1 Scope Development 2020 Complete 2 Analog Surveys 2021 Complete 3 Synthesize Analog Survey Data 2022 Complete 4 Experimental Design and Developing Guidance 2022-2024 In Progress 5 Seed Collection 2023 - 2025 In Progress 6 Plant Material Grow Out 2023 - 2026 In Progress 7 Establish Common Garden 2024 - 2027 Not started 8 Monitor and Refine Guidance 2025 - ? Not started
- 11. 11 Phase 1 – Scope Development (SST) Completed in 2020 Key Variables • Mean Coldest Month Temperature (MCMT) • Summer Heat-Moisture Index (SHM) Tom Kaye, 2020. Report to TSWCD. 2041-2070 2071-2100 Recommendations From https://rb.gy/qdthat
- 12. 12 Phase 1 – Scope Development (SST) Shasta Umpqua Humboldt Splitting the output of the SST in to 3 climate analog regions of distinct character Maps by Ben Protzman, CWS
- 13. 13 Phase 2 – Climate Analog Surveys Completed in 2021 Limitations • Public access, landscape position • Scale 33 sites, 100 plots • Fine grained soils elusive • Northern California Fog Belt Excluded • Serpentine Soils • Gravels and cobbles • Human Disturbance Surveyor on Klamath River – Stillwater Sciences
- 14. 14 Phase 3 – Synthesize Analog Survey Data Completed in 2022 Criteria used for ranking which species to study • Future Climate Analog Region • Cover • Frequency • Tualatin Basin Reference Data • Cover • Frequency • Qualitative • Risk • Value to Tualatin partners • Ease of establishment Yellow highlight denotes species with a range that does not currently extend into the Tualatin Basin Species Propagule Type Acer circinatum Seed Acer macrophyllum Seed Alnus rhombifolia Seed Alnus rubra Seed Calocedrus decurrens Seed Cornus sericea Cutting Cornus sessilis Cutting Fraxinus latifolia Seed Mahonia aquifolium Seed Oemleria cerasiformis Cutting Physocarpus capitatus Cutting Pinus ponderosa Seed Pseudotsuga menziesii Seed Quercus garryana Seed Quercus kelloggii Seed Rhamnus purshiana Seed Rosa pisocarpa Seed Rubus parviflorus Seed Rubus spectabilis Seed Salix hookeriana Cutting Salix lasiandra Cutting Spiraea douglasii Cutting Symphoricarpos albus Cutting Umbellularia californica Seed
- 15. 15 Phase 4 – Common Garden Design and Interim Guidance In Progress
- 16. 16 Phase 4 – Common Garden Design and Interim Guidance In Progress
- 17. 17 49 Species-Community Units (SCU) SPECIES (24) COMMUNITIES (1 to 3) Riparian Upland Wetland Alnus rhombifolia SPECIES COMMUNITY UNIT Alnus rhombifolia - Riparian Alnus rhombifolia - Upland Alnus rhombifolia - Wetland
- 18. 18 Phase 5 – Seed Collection Started February 2023, Finished by January of 2025 Survey 123 created to track 4 phases from scouting through shipping, in addition to site characteristics Expecting over 3,000 accessions
- 19. 19 Phase 6 – Plant Material Grow Out In progress for 2024, finished in 2025 Sort Pot Sanitize Rinse Root hormone
- 20. 20 Phase 8 – Monitor and Refine Guidance Phase 7 – Establish Common Garden Planned for 2025 and 2026 Planned to begin in 2026
- 21. 21 Phase 8 – Monitor and Refine Guidance Assisted Migration is one of several strategies for sourcing seed for restoring resilient native plant communities 5% Local and Harsh Sites 5% Climate Adapted • Assisted Population Migration • Assisted Range Expansion 90% Local and Commercial Native Seed Sourcing Strategies
- 22. 22 Thank You Mike Conroy, Habitat Conservation Specialist mike.conroy@tualatinswcd.org Moving Fast With Humility For more information and project updates visit: www.tualatinswcd.org/projects/ climate-adapted-plants-study
Editor's Notes
- I’ve been working in habitat restoration in the Tualatin basin for over ten years and I think this is the most important and necessary project I could be working on. The concept of this project started from conversation among staff at Tualatin SWCD and CWS back in 2019 and is now poised to take a big step forward.
- the watershed is unique in the sense it is almost exclusively in Washington County, which provides significant advantages to water quantity and thereby water quality management. There are two reservoirs in the watershed. Hagg Lake and Barney Reservoir. They play a very important role both in terms of water quantity and quality. With regards to land cover, Forestry makes up the 39%; agriculture about 35% and urban area about 26%.
- the watershed is unique in the sense it is almost exclusively in Washington County, which provides significant advantages to water quantity and thereby water quality management. There are two reservoirs in the watershed. Hagg Lake and Barney Reservoir. They play a very important role both in terms of water quantity and quality. With regards to land cover, Forestry makes up the 39%; agriculture about 35% and urban area about 26%.
- the watershed is unique in the sense it is almost exclusively in Washington County, which provides significant advantages to water quantity and thereby water quality management. There are two reservoirs in the watershed. Hagg Lake and Barney Reservoir. They play a very important role both in terms of water quantity and quality. With regards to land cover, Forestry makes up the 39%; agriculture about 35% and urban area about 26%.
- the watershed is unique in the sense it is almost exclusively in Washington County, which provides significant advantages to water quantity and thereby water quality management. There are two reservoirs in the watershed. Hagg Lake and Barney Reservoir. They play a very important role both in terms of water quantity and quality. With regards to land cover, Forestry makes up the 39%; agriculture about 35% and urban area about 26%.
- the watershed is unique in the sense it is almost exclusively in Washington County, which provides significant advantages to water quantity and thereby water quality management. There are two reservoirs in the watershed. Hagg Lake and Barney Reservoir. They play a very important role both in terms of water quantity and quality. With regards to land cover, Forestry makes up the 39%; agriculture about 35% and urban area about 26%.
- Why we care about native plants
- White Alder example for altering species without guidance, and doing so on a large scale
- Introduce phases of project
- Introduce phases of project
- Merged Seed Zones 251 and 261. 261 is the Northern Willamette Valley 0-500’, 251 is valley floor and east slope of Coast range for N. Willamette Valley
- In 2021 Stillwater sciences was hired to locate and survey native plant communities in regions identified by SST. They Map showing some of the sites surveyed by Stillwater Sciences. Coordinates and descriptions of sites are provided with the excel table.
- Species were included that came from CNPS and NVCS plant associations and alliances, even if not dominant in surveys. QUKE and UMCA are examples.
- This draft common garden design shows 10 populations, if we adapted this model 1 would be from Tualatin basin, and then 3 from each of the analog regions. Results from common garden will take years, CWS and TSWCD want to develop interim guidance that can be revisited over time as knowledge evolves and results of experiment are learned. This diagram presents a conceptual model for how to integrate non local genetics and species over time.
- Results from common garden will take years, CWS and TSWCD want to develop interim guidance that can be revisited over time as knowledge evolves and results of experiment are learned. This diagram presents a conceptual model for how to integrate non local genetics and species over time.
- Willamette Valley Species and Genotypes. Collect locally and grow out at scale. Business as usual and most cost effective. Targeted Resilience - Willamette Valley Species and Genotypes. Collect locally in harsh locations and/or harsh years. Minimize agronomic selection via employing techniques such as direct seeding, loosening nursery specs to not always favor fast growers etc. Introducing genotypes from future climate analogs that can tolerate local conditions and augment future genetic pool