The document defines vertebrates as animals that have a backbone and includes mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. It defines invertebrates as animals that lack a backbone, including arthropods, mollusks, annelids, coelenterates, and others. Invertebrates make up 95% of animal species and 30 phyla. It asks the reader to name five groups of vertebrates with examples of each, describe characteristics of each vertebrate group, name types of mammals, and name six invertebrate groups with examples.