Classification of Matter discussion

10. MIXTURES, ELEMENTS AND
COMPOUNDS
CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

11. IS PHASE A GOOD WAY TO
CLASSIFY MATTER?
• Since water has 3 phases, it would be classified as 3 different things. Must
be a better method.

12. MATTER
• Can be divided into mixtures and pure substances. A
pure substance is made of one kind of material having
definite properties.
• Guess which is a mixture and which is a pure
substance?
• Water, salt, sea water, concrete, alphabet soup, air, soup, coffee, oxygen.

13. MIXTURE – MATTER THAT CONSISTS
OF 2 OR MORE SUBSTANCES MIXED
TOGETHER BUT NOT CHEMICALLY
COMBINED.
Both of these are mixtures

14. TWO TYPES OF MIXTURES
• Heterogeneous – A mixture that does not appear to be the
same throughout. The “least-mixed of mixtures”.
• Examples:
• Homogeneous – A mixture that appears to be the same
throughout. A “well-mixed mixture”.
• Examples:

15. SOLUTIONS- A TYPE OF
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE OF
2 OR MORE SUBSTANCES IN A
SINGLE PHYSICAL STATE.
• The “best mixed” of all mixtures.

16. SOLUTIONS

17. TWO SOLUTIONS OF FOOD
COLORING IN WATER
• One hot water, one cold water.

18. MANYTYPES OF SOLUTIONS
Solute Solvent Example
Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas
Liquid
Solid
Air
Soda water
Charcoal
absorbent
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
Solid
Antifreeze
Dental filling
Solid
Solid
Liquid
Solid
Sea water
Brass

19. SOLUBILITY
• Temperature affects solubility.
• Does hot water increase or decrease solubility of
sugar?
• Does hot water increase or decrease solubility of
oxygen?

20. NEEDTO KNOW!
• Alloy – solution of 2 or more metals
• Solute – Substance that is dissolved
• Solvent – Substance that does the dissolving
• Insoluble – Does not dissolve in a particular solvent

21. CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER
Matter
Pure Substance Mixture
Element Compound
Heterogeneous Homogeneous
Colloid Suspension Solution

22. PURE SUBSTANCE
• Same properties throughout
• Made of only one kind of material
• All particles are the same

23. ELEMENTS
• Simplest type of pure substance
• Each element is associated with an atom
• Smallest part of an element that has the
properties of the element is an atom

24. CHEMICAL SYMBOLS
• Either an upper case letter or
• One upper case and one lower case letter
• (Exception – un-named elements
• E.g., Uuq, Uus)

25. COMPOUNDS
• Pure substances made of more than one element
• Properties of elements that make up a
compound are different from the compound
itself

26. MOLECULE
• Two or more atoms bonded together
• Example – water
• H2O

27. CHEMICAL FORMULAS
SUBSCRIPTS
• CO2
• H2SO4
• H2O2
• C6H12O6

28. CHEMICAL FORMULAS
COEFFICIENTS- COUNT THE ATOMS
• 3 CO2
• 4 H2SO4
• 2 H2O2
• 5 C6H12O6