class GERONTOLOGICAL NURSING Journal Article Summary Assignment: The purpose of the journal article summary assignment is for students to improve their knowledge of evidence-based geriatric nursing practice and evidence-based protocols. Students will review evidence-based literature and reflect on how the literature impacts their professional nursing practice. Students will summarize two articles published in a peer-reviewed journal within the last 10 years. The journal articles must address the geriatric population. Topics will be chosen from the provided list (unless prior approval is given), and the topic may not be repeated on the two journal article summaries. The student should summarize each article and discuss how the findings are significant to clinical practice. Article summaries should use APA format (double spaced, but no cover page) and should be no more than 3 pages. The two article summaries are 10% of the total class grade (2 x 5%). Journal summaries should use the following format: • Purpose: Describe the purpose of the article/study. • Strength of Evidence: Identify the type of evidence used to support the findings, and the strength of the evidence. If the article is based on research, describe the study design, setting, subjects, and sample size. • Results: Summarize the findings of the study. • Limitations: Identify study limitations that may weaken evidence or limit generalizability. • Significance: Describe how the findings are significant to geriatric nursing practice. Do the findings represent a change in practice and how do the findings inform your nursing practice (what did you learn)? Topics for journal article summaries and class presentations choose one of those topic and APA styles • Pain • Heart Failure • Stroke • Substance/Alcohol Abuse • Urinary Incontinence • Sexuality Issues • Frailty/Fall Risk • Iatrogenesis • Sleep Disturbances • Nutrition • Hydration • Orthostatic Hypotension • Dementia • Vision • Hearing • Polypharmacy • Cultural Considerations • Elder Communities Solution Ques-1: Purpose: The purpose of the article is to examine the evidence-based practice of geriatric patients who have been suffering from “urinary tract infection induced- urinary incontinence”. So that catheterization of urinary tract have reduce urinary incontinence in geriatric patients thereby it is essential implement to procedures to reduce urinary infection induced incontinence using catheters for overflow incontinence Ques-2: Catheterization regimen: \"RCT\" (simple randomized control design) and randomized trial: These two methods used synonymously. However, it has illustrated that RCT is pertaining to trail design that include control groups. In this design, patient groups who are receiving experimental treatment compared with control groups (placebo groups). In the above design it has clearly can be seen a randomized RCT was performed in two intensive units of respiratory care of total 2990 bedded tertiary referral medical ce.

1. class GERONTOLOGICAL NURSING
Journal Article Summary Assignment:
The purpose of the journal article summary assignment is for students to improve their
knowledge of evidence-based geriatric nursing practice and evidence-based protocols.
Students will review evidence-based literature and reflect on how the literature impacts
their professional nursing practice. Students will summarize two articles published in a
peer-reviewed journal within the last 10 years. The journal articles must address the
geriatric population. Topics will be chosen from the provided list (unless prior approval is
given), and the topic may not be repeated on the two journal article summaries. The
student should summarize each article and discuss how the findings are significant to
clinical practice. Article summaries should use APA format (double spaced, but no cover
page) and should be no more than 3 pages. The two article summaries are 10% of the total
class grade (2 x 5%).
Journal summaries should use the following format:
• Purpose: Describe the purpose of the article/study.
• Strength of Evidence: Identify the type of evidence used to support the findings, and
the strength of the evidence. If the article is based on research, describe the study
design, setting, subjects, and sample size.
• Results: Summarize the findings of the study.
• Limitations: Identify study limitations that may weaken evidence or limit
generalizability.
• Significance: Describe how the findings are significant to geriatric nursing practice.
Do the findings represent a change in practice and how do the findings inform your
nursing practice (what did you learn)?
Topics for journal article summaries and class presentations choose one of those topic and APA
styles
• Pain
• Heart Failure
• Stroke
• Substance/Alcohol Abuse
• Urinary Incontinence
• Sexuality Issues
• Frailty/Fall Risk
• Iatrogenesis
• Sleep Disturbances

2. • Nutrition
• Hydration
• Orthostatic Hypotension
• Dementia
• Vision
• Hearing
• Polypharmacy
• Cultural Considerations
• Elder Communities
Solution
Ques-1: Purpose:
The purpose of the article is to examine the evidence-based practice of geriatric patients who
have been suffering from “urinary tract infection induced- urinary incontinence”. So that
catheterization of urinary tract have reduce urinary incontinence in geriatric patients thereby it is
essential implement to procedures to reduce urinary infection induced incontinence using
catheters for overflow incontinence
Ques-2:
Catheterization regimen:
"RCT" (simple randomized control design) and randomized trial: These two methods used
synonymously. However, it has illustrated that RCT is pertaining to trail design that include
control groups. In this design, patient groups who are receiving experimental treatment compared
with control groups (placebo groups).
In the above design it has clearly can be seen a randomized RCT was performed in two intensive
units of respiratory care of total 2990 bedded tertiary referral medical center.
In the total clinical urinary catheters, patient who possesses catheters more than two consecutive
days from the month of April to month of November considerably assigned to each intervention
group in which use of a criteria-based reminder to isolate catheter has “reduced the possibility of
urinary tract infection” compared with “control group” in which there was no reminder.
The rate of usage of indwelling catheter has reduced approximately 22% in “intervention group”
with; 95% CI (confidence interval), relative risk -0.78; level significance P < .001
The success rate of taking out of the catheters by 7 th day was 88%. Therefore, the major
conclusion is patient who possesses catheters more than two consecutive days from the month of
April to month of November considerably assigned to each intervention group in which use of a
criteria-based reminder to isolate catheter has “reduced the possibility of urinary tract infection

3. by 48%” compared with “control group” in which there was no reminder. The statistical
significance is P = .009 95% CI, relative risk, 0.52 with 15% effect size.
The major limitations of this RCT are with an intervention group and a control group & clinical
analysis was conducted at the same period. Removal of catheters were from a smaller group,
therefore sample size is not larger. The strengthening advantage of this study “is to deliver
appropriate care delivery to health care professionals, RNs in avoiding possible catheter induced
urinary tract infections (UTI)”. The possible bias in the urine analysis for UTI was eliminated in
which asymptomatic bacteriuria was not performed.
Future:
Resisted nurses and health care professionals must ensure in controlling urinary tract infection
with indwelling catheters. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct a bundle of three to five
interventions in the future to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections.
Adults in the above urinary catheter study to unravel the infection rate according to criteria-based
reminder are admitted to respiratory intensive care unit based on inclusion and exclusion criteria
in two respiratory intensive care units (RICU). Those patients who are potentially eligible for
inclusion in the RCN clinical demographic study selected according to their age, sex, illness,
diagnosis followed by previous medication (antibiotics, steroids etc.). Inclusion of patients (total
61 patients) who have an indwelling urinary catheter at the time of RICTU admission has done
from April 2008 to November 2008. Exclusion of the patients (total 45 patients) has done if they
have not possessed an indwelling urinary catheter and those who have not remained in RICTU
for more than 2 day.
Methodology:
The insertion of urinary catheter into “both male and female patients” has done by registered
female nurses, male physicians by using “catheterization care kit” with sufficient care to avoid
tension. Patient’s urine samples were collected, analyzed for presence of any “infectious agents”
after certain duration of catheterization during the time of admission to the RICU.
Statistical analysis: The statistical analysis were performed to calculate % and total number of
catheter inserted patients were meticulously used to illustrate the distribution of categorical
variables with using the 2 test or the Fisher exact test whereas continuous variables were
assessed using t test or the Mann-Whitney test. Level of confidence (95%), relative risk & level
of statistical significance P < .05 was examined for all the tests.
Sample size- Intervention group assessment: Approximately 278 patients are qualified for
inclusion criteria and they randomly assigned to insert indwelling urinary catheter. Control
groups have chosen as 131 patients finally intervention group chosen with 147 patients.
According to Goodness-of-fit analysis for the patients who remained in the randomized trial, it
has clearly observed that there is no vital disparity in demographic characteristics after

4. assessment between patients. Per-protocol analysis in which catheter removed in less than 7 days
for intervention group patients (134 in number including control) whereas 144 patients (both
control and intervention) disqualified for per-protocol analysis and in these patients catheter
removed 7 days later. Instrumental indwelling of catheter insertion has valid and reliable to
obtain results in randomized trial. It has clearly observed the patient’s intervention group who
developed infection and in which the use of a criteria-based reminder method associated with
“reduced indwelling urinary catheter” has “decreased the possibility of urinary tract infection”
compared with control group in which there was no reminder.
A simple randomization trail table which subject randomized to which treatment
Subjects with catheters
Randomized as control
intervention treatment groups with indwelling catheter
131 subjects
147 subjects
Urinary tract infection level
Same
Reduced with the use of catheter
Design of the study: Qualitative descriptive clinical research study design: This design can be
done on the patients who have indwelling urinary catheters and collected data from the patients
those addressing self-management needs. This research study is completely not randomized and
there are no control groups for the study. It is a descriptive study that has tape-recorded
telephone interviews as per ethical considerations with complete patient consent during the
study. Sample criteria is mainly based on the patients who have catheters and management needs
so that sample size is taken as 34 English speaking patients who are adults and using CIC and
they must be over 18 and they are assessed for the study followed recorded the data by asking
questionnaire about the problems and management when they has CIC.
According to Goodness-of-fit analysis for the patients who remained in the qualitative
descriptive study it is clearly observed that there is no vital disparity in demographic
characteristics after assessment between patients. Adults who are chosen with neurological and
multiple sclerosis problems with clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) management study to
unravel the infection rate based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Those patients who are
potentially eligible for inclusion in the qualitative descriptive study are selected according to
their age (above 18 years old), sex (13 males, 21 females aged 21–72 years old), illness,
diagnosis. These patients who are subjected to CIC are having improved compliance for their
better quality of life is examined by collecting in-depth descriptive information by telephone
interviews based on internet information and also collected data regarding their problems about

5. their insurance constrains as well as indwelled catheters and equipment. Data also collected for
CIC and about their daily use of bathrooms and their accessibility including other hassles.
Reference:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23455860
Subjects with catheters
Randomized as control
intervention treatment groups with indwelling catheter
131 subjects
147 subjects
Urinary tract infection level
Same
Reduced with the use of catheter