UNIT II - Class 6
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This document provides an overview of Europe in the year 1000 CE. It includes brief descriptions of Europe in 100 CE and 400 CE under the Roman Empire. It also mentions European tribes poised to attack in 600 CE and developments in Europe in 800 CE. The document then lists illuminations from 10th century manuscripts and descriptions of the hours of the Divine Office, including Matins, Lauds, Prime, Terce, Sext, None, Vespers and Compline. It concludes with a reference to Hildegard of Bingen and reading and listening assignments for Wednesday.
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2. It describes sonata form, which became the dominant musical form of the period, consisting of an exposition, development, and recapitulation section.
3. The typical structure of a classical symphony is outlined, usually containing four movements with a fast-slow-fast-slow tempo pattern and the third movement typically being a minuet and trio.
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3) Bach's The Well-Tempered Clavier, published in 1722, is a collection of preludes and fugues in all 24 major and minor keys that demonstrates his mastery of counterpoint, a fundamental compositional technique of the Baroque
UNIT I - Class 4
The document defines and describes several musical concepts including melody, harmony, texture, and types of texture. Melody refers to a single musical line that can be solo or accompanied. Harmony results from combining pitches through intervals or chords of three or more pitches. Texture refers to the overall sound quality and there are three types: monophony with a single line, homophony with multiple similar lines, and polyphony with distinct independent lines. The document provides reading and listening assignments to prepare for a quiz on Friday.
UNIT II - Class 11
Opera developed in Italy around 1600 as a dramatic musical performance involving singing and stage effects. It was originally based on subjects from classical mythology and history. The new style of opera, called seconda pratica, prioritized the text over strict rules of harmony. This allowed composers like Monteverdi to develop techniques like recitative for spoken dialogue and arias for intense singing. Recitatives and arias became the basic forms used to alternate between speech-like sections and melodic songs in early operas. Purcell and Lully also contributed to establishing opera as a genre that balanced virtuosic display with communicating a story.
UNIT I - Class 1
The document provides definitions of music from multiple dictionaries and encyclopedias. Music is defined as the art and science of combining sounds to create beauty through elements like melody, rhythm, and harmony. It involves ordering tones and sounds in succession. Music is seen as a form of expression that is present in all human societies and used for purposes like ritual, worship, communication, and entertainment. The document also discusses different views on the purpose and meaning of music.
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- 13. Europe c. 800
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