The document summarizes and compares the positions of the Church and the Supreme Court on abortion. The Church concludes that direct abortion is never permitted based on Scripture, Tradition, and Natural Law. It assumes the fetus is a human person from conception, since it is genetically human and to be cautious one must assume personhood. The Court legalized abortion and ruled laws banning it are unconstitutional based on a woman's right to privacy and health. It concluded the fetus is not a person until birth because of legal precedent and theological uncertainty. The Church and Court both acknowledge uncertainty around when the fetus becomes a person but come to opposite conclusions on how to treat the fetus based on that uncertainty.