1. CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
MEDICAL LIBRARY
Diving for pearls…..
How to get the most from your
literature search.
Isla Kuhn
Medical Library
CLAHRC Fellows Jan 2015
3. CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
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a) introducing the research topic, with an
explanation of why the subject was chosen for
study,
b) reviewing relevant literature and showing
how this has informed the research issue,
c) explaining how the research has been
designed and why the research methods being
used have been chosen (methodology),
d) outlining the findings,
e) analysing the findings and discussing them
in the context of the literature review,
f) concluding, and
g) references
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a) introducing the research topic, with an
explanation of why the subject was chosen for
study,
b) reviewing relevant literature and showing
how this has informed the research issue,
c) explaining how the research has been
designed and why the research methods being
used have been chosen (methodology),
d) outlining the findings,
e) analysing the findings and discussing them
in the context of the literature review,
f) concluding, and
g) references
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MEDICAL LIBRARY
introducing the research topic
• clarifying the question
• setting parameters
reviewing relevant literature
• Identifying keywords and synonyms
• Structuring your search strategy with boolean logic
• Identify relevant sources (and then search them!)
References
• DON’T plagiarise!
• Don’t lose marks through sloppy references
6. CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
MEDICAL LIBRARY
introducing the research topic
• clarifying the question
• setting parameters
reviewing relevant literature
• Identifying keywords and synonyms
• Structuring your search strategy with boolean logic
• Identify relevant sources (and then search them thoroughly!)
References
• DON’T plagiarise!
• Don’t lose marks through sloppy references
7. CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
MEDICAL LIBRARY
introducing the research topic
• clarifying the question
• setting parameters
reviewing relevant literature
• Identifying keywords and synonyms
• Structuring your search strategy with boolean logic
• Identify relevant sources (and then search them!)
References
• DON’T plagiarise!
• Don’t lose marks through sloppy references
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MEDICAL LIBRARY
From Topic to Results
• Topic -> question -> keywords/synonyms
Effect of chocolate in prevention of heart disease
...”Is consuming chocolate effective in reducing risk of heart disease?” ….
Themes / PICO
…………………keywords???.... synonyms???........................
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Is consuming chocolate effective in reducing the risk of heart disease?
P –problem / patient?
I – Intervention?
C – Comparison?
O – Outcome?
Synonyms?
From Topic to Results
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Is consuming chocolate effective in reducing the risk of heart disease?
P – heart disease
I – chocolate
C –
O – risk
From Topic to Results
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Is consuming chocolate effective in reducing the risk of heart disease?
P – heart disease / heart failure / cardiovascular disease / coronary disease
I – chocolate / cocoa / cacao
C –
O –risk / prevention /
From Topic to Results
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Which will give you better hits
(a more SPECIFIC search)?
A. coronary disease AND chocolate
B. chocolate OR heart failure
C. coronary disease NOT chocolate
D. risk AND chocolate
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AND – to narrow the search by combining different topics
eg
“physiotherapy” and “stroke”
Both terms must be present in the results.
From Topic to Results:
Boolean Logic
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Which will give you most hits
(a more SENSITIVE search)
A. coronary disease AND heart failure
B. coronary disease OR heart failure
C. coronary disease NOT heart failure
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From Topic to Results:
Boolean Logic
OR – to broaden your search, by combining similar terms
eg
“exercise” or “physical activity”
Either term can be present in the resulting set of articles.
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Which will give you best hits
(best combination of SPECIFICITY & SENSITIVITY)?
A. coronary disease AND chocolate AND risk
B. (coronary disease OR heart failure) AND chocolate AND risk
C. chocolate AND risk AND coronary failure
D. risk AND (chocolate OR cocoa) AND (coronary disease OR heart
failure)
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From Topic to Results:
Boolean Logic
NOT – to restrict your search so that it does not contain a particular term
eg
“physical therapy” not “manual therapy”
The first, but not the second, term must be present.
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Is consuming chocolate effective in the prevention of heart disease?
heart disease OR heart failure OR cardiovascular disease OR coronary disease
AND
chocolate OR cocoa OR cacao
AND
risk OR prevention
From Topic to Results
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#1 heart disease
#2 heart failure
#3 cardiovascular disease
#4 coronary disease
#5 #1 or #2 or #3 or #4
#6 chocolate
#7 cocoa
#8 cacao
#9 #6 or #7 or #8
#10 risk
#11 prevention
#12 #10 or #11
#13 ????
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• Databases
• Medline
• PsycINFO
• ???
• EndnoteWeb or zotero or mendeley….
• LibrarySearch (to get hold of the articles using RAVEN)
or NHS ejournals (using NHS ATHENS)
From Topic to Results
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Searching – Do’s & Don’ts
• Don’t try to do the whole search in one line
• Don’t imagine that your first attempt will get all the articles you need
• Don’t give up!
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Searching – Do’s & Don’ts
• Do think of alternative ways of talking about your topic
• Do learn from your hits and your misses
• Do remember that you still have to critically appraise each article
• http://www.casp-uk.net/ CASP (Critical Appraisal Skills Programme)
• Do ask for help
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Help!
Isla Kuhn
Medical Librarian
Medical Library
Box 111
Addenbrooke’s Hospital
email: ilk21@cam.ac.uk
twitter: @ilk21
phone: (01223 3) 36750
web: http://library.medschl.cam.ac.uk
Thank you.