Chudyk, Austin_CIE 579_FINAL Presentation
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Over 25% of US bridges are structurally deficient or functionally obsolete, and funding for infrastructure maintenance is decreasing while needs are increasing. Structurally deficient bridges have safety issues while functionally obsolete bridges no longer meet current design standards. Deciding whether to rehabilitate or replace a bridge involves considering its structural condition, costs, impacts, regulations, and remaining lifespan, though no single algorithm can account for all factors. Bridge owners must prioritize options based on their goals, and rehabilitation is often more challenging but cheaper than replacement.
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PIC 2 Display Boards
Do not include any personal information as all posted material on this site is considered to be part of a public record as defined by section 27 of the Municipal Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act.
We reserve the right to remove inappropriate comments. Please see Terms of Use for City of Toronto Social Media Sites at http://www.toronto.ca/e-updates/termsofuse.htm.
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2. A new type of stress-ribbon bridge combines the structure with an arch to support or suspend the deck. This helps address the disadvantage of large horizontal forces in classical stress-ribbon bridges. Physical models have proven the structural behavior of stress-ribbon bridges supported by arches.
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2) Geological structures like faults, joints, or unfavorable dips must be absent.
3) Factors like weathering, intrusions, fracturing, and alternating soft/hard beds can impact stability and require treatment.
4) Undisturbed horizontal strata or gently dipping strata upstream are most suitable, while downstream dips or complex folding can cause issues. Proper site selection and treatment are crucial to a dam's safety and cost-effectiveness.
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Dams are classified based on their purpose, materials used, and hydraulic design. The main types are embankment dams made of earth or rock, and concrete dams including gravity, buttress, and arch dams. Embankment dams use local natural materials and have lower foundation requirements but greater risks of overtopping. Concrete dams can better withstand overtopping but require stronger foundations and transportation of materials. Both dam types have advantages and disadvantages depending on the site conditions and purposes.
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Do not include any personal information as all posted material on this site is considered to be part of a public record as defined by section 27 of the Municipal Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act.
We reserve the right to remove inappropriate comments. Please see Terms of Use for City of Toronto Social Media Sites at http://www.toronto.ca/e-updates/termsofuse.htm.
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2. Substructure: The substructure provides support for the superstructure and transfers loads to the ground or surrounding environment. It includes components like abutments, piers, foundations, and footings.
3. Deck or Surface: The deck or surface is the topmost part of the structure, providing a platform for vehicles, pedestrians, or other loads to traverse.
4. Supporting Elements: These include bearings, joints, cables (in the case of cable-stayed or suspension bridges), and other components that provide stability, flexibility, and movement allowance within the structure.
5. Additional Features: Railing, parapets, lighting, drainage systems, expansion joints, and other features may also be included depending on the specific requirements and function of the structure.
Advantages of Bridges and Structures:
1. Connectivity: Bridges and structures facilitate connections between separated points, overcoming natural or man-made obstacles like rivers, valleys, highways, or railways.
2. Economic Benefits: Improved transportation infrastructure boosts economic development by reducing travel times, lowering transportation costs, and enhancing access to markets, jobs, and resources.
3. Safety and Accessibility: Well-designed and maintained structures enhance safety by providing secure crossings and accessible pathways for vehicles, pedestrians, cyclists, and other users.
4. Environmental Benefits: Bridges and structures can minimize environmental impacts by reducing the need for detours, preserving natural habitats, and facilitating more efficient transportation, thus reducing pollution and carbon emissions.
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2. Environmental Impact: Construction activities can disrupt habitats, alter landscapes, and cause pollution, requiring careful planning, mitigation measures, and environmental assessments.
3. Maintenance: Bridges and structures require regular inspection, maintenance, and repair to ensure safety and structural integrity. Neglecting maintenance can lead to deterioration, safety hazards, and costly repairs.
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This document discusses transportation funding options for Centre County, Pennsylvania. It provides an overview of the County's Liquid Fuels Program from 2008-2017, noting that average annual funding was $185,000-205,000 while average annual requests were $937,993, leaving a funding gap of $735,006. It outlines how Act 89 of 2013 provides additional transportation funding and allows counties to increase vehicle registration fees by $5. This could provide Centre County with $482,148-$602,685 annually. The document analyzes the condition of the county's 58 locally-owned bridges over 20 feet, noting many are structurally deficient, borderline, or functionally obsolete. It highlights success in repairing one bridge through local
Bridging History
The presentation discussed efforts to preserve historic bridges in Virginia. It highlighted specific bridges in need of repair, including the Waterloo Bridge between Fauquier and Culpeper counties. It explained that over 90% of historic metal truss bridges and 75% of masonry and concrete arch bridges surveyed decades ago have been lost, often due to lack of maintenance and repair or being disregarded as typical examples of their time. It provided recommendations for how citizens can help preserve bridges, such as advocating for their inclusion in local comprehensive plans, documenting bridges, and donating to advocacy organizations.
Crook at Mantua Elementary School Stream Restoration
3,700 linear feet of stream will be restored using Natural Channel Design methodologies
Pollutant reduction
2,986 lbs/total phosphorus
6,483 lbs/total nitrogren
514.6 tons of total suspended sediment
Protection of private property and public infrastructure
Increased ecological diversity with native vegetation
DEQ has awarded a SLAF grant to this project for these environmental benefits
Similar to Chudyk, Austin_CIE 579_FINAL Presentation (8)
ANALYSIS OF VIADUCT REHABILITATION PROJECTS IN MASSACHUSETTS AND CALIFORNIA: ...
ANALYSIS OF VIADUCT REHABILITATION PROJECTS IN MASSACHUSETTS AND CALIFORNIA: ...
Components, Advantages, Disadvantages of Bridges & Structures.pdf
Components, Advantages, Disadvantages of Bridges & Structures.pdf
Crook at Mantua Elementary School Stream Restoration
Crook at Mantua Elementary School Stream Restoration
Chudyk, Austin_CIE 579_FINAL Presentation
- 1. Allocation of Resources Between Bridge Replacement and Preservation Final Presentation Presented by Austin Chudyk
- 2. Background • Over 25% of US bridges are structurally deficient or functionally obsolete1 • Over 30% of US bridges have exceeded their 50-yr design life1 • At the same time, funding for infrastructure maintenance is stagnant2 “We’re in a situation where we have declining funding/revenues to replace and repair bridges, and at the same time we have a huge group of bridges…requiring rehab. So at the same time we have funding going down, we have needs going up.” -Bruce Johnson, PE, 2011 1- FHWA Bridge Preservation Guide (2011), 2-Transportation for America.org
- 3. Structurally Deficient / Functionally Obsolete • Structurally deficient3: “Bridges are considered [structurally deficient] if significant load carrying elements are found to be in poor condition due to deterioration and/or damage...” • “Poor condition” = deck, super- or substructure NBI rating < 4 3- FHWA Bridge Preservation Guide Photo courtesy streetsblog.org
- 4. Structurally Deficient / Functionally Obsolete • Functionally obsolete3: “..deck geometry, load carrying capacity, clearance, or approach roadway alignment no longer meet the usual criteria for the system of which it is an integral part.” • Alignment, clearance, etc. have NBI rating <3 • No longer compatible with current standards • May have restrictions as a result 3- FHWA Bridge Preservation Guide Photo courtesy mediatrackers.org
- 5. • Replacement constitutes the “total replacement …with a new facility”4 • Preservation is a practice that seeks to extend service life through maintenance and rehabilitation as an alternative to bridge replacement • Rehabilitation is a preservative action involving major work required to restore the structural integrity of a bridge as well as work necessary to correct major safety defects3 Photo: rehabilitative activity (www.swiveltime.com) 4- 23 CFR Part 650, Subpart D - Highway Bridge Replacement and Rehabilitation Program Addressing Deficient/Obsolete Bridges
- 6. Addressing Deficient/Obsolete Bridges • Regular preventative maintenance can postpone bridge deterioration • Sealing, patching, lubricating, painting, washing, etc. • Activities should be performed before • Replacement or rehabilitation are typically considered once a structure is determined to be structurally deficient or functionally obsolete • All bridges have a finite life span and eventually require either replacement or major rehabilitation that goes far beyond preventative maintenance.
- 7. Addressing Deficient/Obsolete Bridges Article courtesy www.nydailynews.com
- 8. Deciding Rehabilitation vs. Replacement 1) Structural Condition / Functionality • Sufficiency rating5 uses weighted values of factors regarding structural adequacy, serviceability, and essentiality • Sufficiency Rating <80% = rehab • Sufficiency rating <50% = replacement or rehab 2) Cost/Funding • Federal Aid distributed based on sufficiency ratings 5- FHWA Recording and Coding Guide for the Structure, Inventory and Appraisal of the Nation’s Bridges
- 9. 3) Social, Economic, Environmental Impacts 4) Historic Structures 5) Effect on Public Safety 6) Emergency Repair/Replacement 7) Lifespan/Reliability of Alternative 8) Compliance with Regulations 9) Remaining Life and Functionality 10) Feasibility /Available Alternatives 11) CurrentAgency Practice Deciding Rehabilitation vs. Replacement • Many of these factors are interdependent, further complicating the decision process • Bridge owners must prioritize replacement vs rehabilitation considerations based on agency goals • It may not be possible to create a definitive algorithm/plan that includes each factor
- 10. Deciding Rehabilitation vs. Replacement
- 11. • Excerpt from a decision matrix6 which only takes into account: • NBI rating • Load capacity • General cost effectiveness • Several feasible alternatives for improving functionality • Note: no definitive solutions are claimed. Matrix only discerns the potential for rehabilitation 6- Lichtenstein Consulting , Inc.
- 12. Recommendations & Conclusions • Preservative (rehabilitative) actions are often cheaper, but often more challenging than complete replacements • Bridge owners should thoroughly investigate and prioritize replacement vs rehabilitation considerations based on agency goals • It seems to be more effective to implement decisions based on experience