This document provides a dictionary of general knowledge terms organized alphabetically from A to Z. It includes definitions of common words related to animals, plants, objects, activities and more. Each entry defines the term concisely in 1-2 sentences. The document was compiled by Dharam Dev Arora and published by Arora Book Company in New Delhi, India.

1. ARORA'S

2. y

3. with
General Knowledge
Published bv : ARORA BOOK COMPANY
109, Prakash Mahal, Ansari Road,
Darya Ganj, New Delhi-110 002
P h . : 2 3 2 5 - 7 0 9 2 , 2 3 2 5 - 7 9 64
ISBN
81-87718-21-8
Compiled by :
DHARAM DEV ARORAy

4. CONTENTS S.No. Subject Page No.
A. THE DICTIONARY 5-94
B. ACTION WORDS fcbUlcHcb 95-113
C. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
1. Colours 114
2. Days, Months and Seasons RH, H ^ . k j c i h HIH 114
3. Time 114
4. Animals cp -^Ft 115
5. Birds, Worms, Insects and Reptiles MU^, 4-tcbl^ l|cj dlol v^cl) HIH 116
6. Cries of Birds, Animals and Insects M f M , vilMcWf CUMI c f l ^ - H c h l ^ 3J|c||.if 117
7. Young ones of Animals VJIMCIVI cp cpsff cp ^TR 117
8. Sounds fc|fH?l c j ^ l d?| 118
9. Dwelling and Places PiclKI l^cj cf)| 118
10. Schools & Colleges ^ci H^lRl^lld^ ^ 122
11. Subjects ^ ( M HH 122
12. Sports & Games ^ e f ciaTf 123
13. Eatables and Cereals vilHM dSMI -HlvrlH ^ 124
14. Spices 125
15. Flowers, Fruits and Vegetables 4>cH kjcj ^RsHiji 126
16. Plants, Trees and Their Parts iflfc), cjJH vH^ 'H* 127
17. Parts of the Body 128
18. Ailments and Body Conditions yixpu daji 129
19. Relations 130
20. Clothes and Wearing Apparel 131
21. Ornaments and Jewels 132
22. Musical Instruments c i i a^ 133
23. Household Articles i n MRCIN w ^ s f t C R^ 133
24. Minerals 135
25. Places, Buildings and Their Parts >WIH, 'WH ^cj vJH^ •HMI 135
26. Stationery 137
27. Tools aftjHN 138
28. Warfare 139
29. In the Hospital Rlfcb^lcHAI i) *l*<s|ptld yiccj 140
30. Profession and Occupations M kjcj oqc)^!^ ci4 141
31. Police Department <jfcH>H fcJ'-HI-11 ^ <HHptld 143
32. Jubilee Table 144

5. abcdefghijklmn j
: opqrstuvwxyz [
alphabet The letters which are used to
C^tfifiR:) write words.These letters go
in a special order. 3uiHi<ni I
acorn The nut which grows on an
( ) oak tree. If you plant an acorn
m it will take a long time to
grow into a tree. ^cJcT "^T
Wf l
acrobat An acrobat does clever tricks
( ^ t e ) at the circus. ^Ml'Kl
Adder a poisonous snake. "^MT ^TPT;
aeroplane A machine which flies in
(3*rtt#T) the sky. ^TW;
fsRHI
alligator
( QTh'V< )
An animal which lives in
rivers and looks like a croco-dile.
-erfswri
alsatian A large dog which looks a bit
( Q h ^ h ) like a wolf. ftranft ^rar I

6. ambulance A special kind of car which
(Qhs^c-kh) takes people to hospital
when they are ill or hurt,
t f ^ ^-SMeff ^ STFRfM^t
cTTcft "HT^t I
ankle Part of your body which
(•^PcT) joins your foot and leg.
Z ^ T I
ant A very small insect. Hundreds
. of ants live together, "^flzt
antelope An animal which looks
(Q^chIm) like a deer, f f r q ^TT "q^j i
ape A large animal like a monkey with-
(irq) out a tail. WTT^; "fsfaffa I
apple A round fruit which
(•qufef) people like to eat. TRf I
anchor A heavy piece of iron on a long
(•^m) chain, it keeps a boat still. cFR I
anorak A jacket with a hood to keep
(QnY^ch) you warm and dry. ^ fcrc
apron A piece of cloth which you
(tjth) wear over your clothes to keep
them clean, ^ r g f ^ W Wt
% fcro; W t I

7. aquarium A glass tank to keep fish in.
(arMtsm) You can watch the fish swim-ming
around. I
arm The part of your body between
(srrf) your hand and shoulder, ^pfl I
armchair A chair with sides. You rest
( o t ^ ^ r ) your arms on the sides.
^ c ^ R ^ f f I
artist A person who paints and draws
(OTf&re) pictures. °bCll°bK; f^r^TR I
astronaut A person who flies in a
Ofc^Nfe) spacecraft. SRrfts} w f t
astronomer A person who studies the
( • ^ m ) stars. TsPTtel I
arrow A stick with a point at one end a x e A sharp tool with a handle You
(^ft) and feathers at the other. I (wO chop wood with an axe. j ^ i s l I
7
army |_ots 0f soldiers. ifal; ^nR
(srnfl) "

8. baby
(•^ft)
A very young child. A baby
cannot walk. T ^ I ®r^fT.
badge Something you wear to
show that you belong to a
certain school or club.
fsfM.
badger A black and white animal which
(sTvsr) lives in a hole in the ground. A
badger is very shy. f t e "q^;
f^sj.
bag Something used to hold things.
(%ti) A bag can be made of plastic,
paper or material. sfcfT;
baker A person who bakes and sells
bread and cakes. -im®ii£
ball An object which is round. You
(«fra) often use a ball to play a game.
ifc; 7TtcTF.
ballet
dancer
if r 5 Y
A ballet dancer dances in
the ballet. A ballet is dancing
which tells a story. "^R
balloon A bag filled with air. Some
balloons are small, others are
large. "^pTRI.
banana A long yellow fruit with a
( c r r t ) thick skin.
8

9. bat A small animal that flies at night. A
bat looks like a mouse with wings.
-ciH'IK^.
9
band A group of people who play musi-cal
instruments together. ^
barn A large building on a farm,
(cjpf) Farmers keep things like hay and
animals in a barn. <sifcri$M; <*>ldK.
bandage A thin piece of material used
(t^5r) for covering a wound. A
bandage is usually white, ^ ts
basin A round bowl for holding liquids.
cTWFT;
basket Something to hold things. A
(eiiR^e) basket is made from strips of
plaited wood, z t ^ f t ; ^fd^l.
bat A piece of wood used to hit a ball.
barbecue
(dWdc^)
Cv
A party outside where food
is cooked on a fire. "RTCT "^F^
barber person who cuts hair.

10. bath A big container which you can fill
(cnaj) with water and sit in. You can
wash yourself all over in a bath.
'T^T^ ^T ; ^FTFT.
bee A brown and yellow striped insect,
(ifl) A bee collects honey.
bell A bell is hollow. Inside is a ball
(iter) which hits the side and rings when
shaken, w t ; W l .
bear
(fcrc)
belt A long thin piece of material. You
wear it round your waist, "^zt;
ehH<«K.
beard
(flani)
A large animal with thick fur. A
bear can be black, brown or
white. Tfe;
bed Something you sleep on. Beds
(•^g) are usually soft and comfortable.
fallen;
bicycle A machine with two wheels
(eii^cbcH) that you ride, ^ hIWi "^t
mifoxrl.
binoculars These are like two telescopes
joined together. You look
through them to see things
which are far away. ^Mfa.
The hair which
man's chin. ^ t .
beetle (ffcci) An insect with four
wings. The front wings
are hard and shiny,
10

11. boat A small ship. A boat floats on
ftte) water. HR; f ^ c f t.
bone One of the hard white parts of the
(cf^r) body of a person or an animal.
^ST.
bonfire a fire in the garden.
book Pages joined for you to read.
(fEP)
boot A shoe which covers your ankle,
ft?) ^ 11
biscuit a small crunchy cake, fafchd.
(ftfase)
black The darkest colour of all. "^MT;
blackboard A black surface. You can
(^cpefr^) write on it with chalk.
W W .
blue
shines.
SR^KH^; ^tTCTT ijF.
blackberry A small juicy fruit. Black-
(cctcpiff[) berries can grow wild, ^left
blackbird A black bird with a yellow
(^cpcf^) beak. ^facT.
blue A colour. The sky is
when the sun
nten FT.

12. bow A curved stick with string. It shoots
(eft) arrows.
bow (eft) A kind of knot. You tie your
oelaces with a bow.
^rt ffte.
box A container with straight sides. A
(cfnpn) box is made of cardboard, metal
or wood, - h ^ ; "^zt.
bread A food made from flour,
( i s ) ^ e lM
brick ( t o ) A piece of clay which is
made into a block and
baked. Bricks are used for
building, f z.
boxer A person who fights with his
( w r c ) fists, t i ^ i t f .
boy A male child. A boy becomes a
(#g). man.
bridegroom A man on his wedding
(di^ i jH) day. " ^ T ; Wi.
bridge A bridge crosses a road, river
( t o ) or railway. It takes you over to
the other side. "Jcf;
branch
(fTpei)
nU-
- 4 > € o
The part of a tree which grows
out from the trunk. ^Teft;
Z^ft.
broomA brush with a long handle.
You sweep away the dust on
the floor with a broom. Wf^
bride
imz)
A woman on her wedding day.

13. bucket (erfcfcz) A container for holding
water. A bucket always
has a handle.
bud A leaf or a flower before it opens.
( t o ) ^eft;
bus A very large car which carries
(era) people. -MldMId =FT "HT^FT; ®T?T.
budgerigar (ensrfrfR) A small brightly
coloured pet bird.
bull The male of any kind of large ani-
(^cf) mal, usually cattle. ^Hfe; ^ T .
bulldozer A big machine which moves
(•gesture) lots of earth and rubbish.
bungalow A house with no upstairs. All
(cPTcft) the rooms of a bungalow
are on the ground, "ST37
^TeTT.
blutcRer He sells meat, ^ n f ; *TRT
(f^R) ^TefT.
butter Soft yellow food made from
(ere*) cream. h<=ksm.
buttercup A bright yellow wild flower,
(•sr^r-epq) W in %
butterfly (sre^w^)
An insect with large
coloured wings. A butterfly
grows from a caterpillar.
fcRTeft.
button A small round object.
•
A button fastens your
clothes together, ^ r ,
^rq^f "qr wft WfT.

14. canary (tfafl)
car a motor with four wheels.
(cRR)
cage A box or a room made from bars.
(%ut) Animals and birds can be kept in
a cage. fq^TCT.
camel (3>*r?f) A large animal which lives
in the hot dry desert. It
carries water in one or two
humps on its back. Ife;
^PlWH =FT ^tftst.
cabbage A green vegetable which
(fofca) eat. ^ M ; WT t M .
we
cake A sweet food which is made from
flour, butter, sugar and eggs. A
cake is baked in an oven. 37IZI,
3TCT3T, W I , ofit rHdlch< ^FTFTT
calf
(tPTO)
14
canoe
A young cow or . WfT.
A small yellow bird which
sings. People often keep
a canary as a pet.
faf^l.
candle (%^§ct) A round piece of wax
with string through the
middle. The string burns
and makes a light.
A small boat
fel+KI ^ft.

15. caravan a house on wheels. ^
carrot A long orange vegetable. A car-
( ^ s ) r o t grows in the ground. "TFJR.
castle A big stone building. Castles
(t^ra) were built long ago.
: * *
c a t A small furry pet.
caterpillar A small creature
which changes
into a butterfly.
^ t e i , f f i w.
c a v e A big hole in a cliff or in a hill.
( c k )
cello A musical instrument like a big
(•ftcft) violin. cinRh "^Fn.
n '
centipede An insect with lots of legs.
chain Rings which are joined together.
chair A seat for one person to sit on. A
chair has four legs and a back to
lean against, f ^ f f.
KD
cheese A food which is made from milk.
cherry A small round fruit. A cher-ry
has a stone in the mid-dle.
tJtef "Htef cTTcT W .
15

16. chess A game for two people played
with chessmen, w b r
chicken (ffoR) A young hen.
"grffwr^EfT; ^pn.
SEP r f n i
chimney A pipe to let the smoke out of
(fxprft) a house. It is on the roof.
Pn+dH ^T T im
chimpanzee a clever ape. 3 q ^r
chips Small pieces of potato which are
(flro) fried. c T ^ f i r ^ z ^ t.
chocolate A brown sweet made from
(trrp^e) cocoa. ^rtert ^r ^ f t ffcrsrf.
choir A group of people who sing
(M^f) together. TTFT^f ^ q^T ^u^dl ^FI
I n — M
church A building where people go to
(xnf) sing hymns and pray. pR^II^R;
^ (ftTRFyft) oHHI^bl.
clarinet A musical instrument which you
( c f ^ e ) blow.

17. coconut A very large nut which grows
(>lcfrHe) on some palm trees. -iiR<m
claw A sharp hard nail on the foot of an
(•cfc^j) animal or bird.
cliff A high steep rock usually near
( t o p ) t h e s e a . ^ f ^ F T f t ^ ^ f t ^ SR
coat Something you wear over other
(cpfc) clothes, ^ f % TWfi MT
"feefT f3TT W f l ^ T f l .
cobweb
(cbTdcId
A thin silky net made by a spi-der.
The spider catches insects
in a cobweb.
clock (cRTfcp) A machine with hands and
a face to tell you the time.
•sr^t.
clown A funny man at the circus. A
(cfcii^n) clown has a painted face.
HUteHI; " t M f ^ r i.
comb A comb has teeth for tidying your
(cpm) hair, ^ f t ; W
comic
(cfiTftcfi)
A paper book with lots of small
pictures, f ^ f w f t "qf^T
^ i t a .
cook a person who cooks food. WTT
(gnp) "SRpt M I ; stTcr^f. 17

18. cork A thing to put in the top of bottles
(•cBTcfj) to stop the liquid running out. ^cTef
=Ft ^TS ^T eFFT.
corn The seeds of plants like wheat,
(cjrpf) barley and oats. Corn is made into
food. 3FT;
cowboy
(cMvdetfij)
A man who looks after cattle on
a ranch. ^TWI; ^
w u .
cot A small bed with sides. A baby
(we) sleeps in a cot. # 1 ; 3TT hktmi.
cowslip a smalfwTfd yellow flower.
(C^MR-chm) ijr ^ T ^ z t tu
crab An animal which lives in the sea. It
has a hard shell and ten legs.
^T.
cottage A small house in the country.
(cPT^T) ^ n ; m.
cow The animal which gives us milk.
18
cracker You pull this and it goes bang.
A small present is inside. <*>hm
W I t.

19. crane A machine which lifts very heavy
(jfa) things, ml' crcgsrf ^ "sbt^ ^
{crocodile A large fierce animal which
(tbUYiiijd) 'i v e s i n t h e water and on the
land. Tprrq^; tjfeilH.
crocus A flower which comes out in the
(ufarn) spring. cf^T 3 "fec^ WcTT
cuckoo A bird which makes a noise
which sounds like its name.
• n ,
croquet A game played by knocking
(stfcfr) balls through hoops. T3=F "SRFTC
•^tT faRTO d + k l ^ t % ^t
^ ^ n r r ^ n t .
cucumber A long green vegetable.
(cHjcbkN)
cup A container with a handle. We drink
(cpq) liquid from a cup. WcTI.
19
crow (ml) A large black bird. "^T; WT.
crown (tPTvj^) Something worn on the
head by kings and
^queens. A crown is often
•made of gold.
cube A shape which has six sides all
(cpqer) the same size. mi=t->i< f^TT37f ^r ^TRT f ^ wrr). '

20. dagger A kind of knife used for fighting.
daisy A small white wild flower. It is
( t ^ r ) yellow in the middle. JJd®l£k
deer
(feR)
20
A wild animal. A deer has horns
and is very shy. " f t,
dentist A person who looks after your
(W&z) teeth, ^cf R=iRtic«eh.
L4 IT ]
I j E l ] u
desk A kind of table. You sit at a desk to
(t*cf>) read and write.
f e r s & f .
dial
(^pra)
The face of a watch or clock. ^Tft
^T ^ f^w t r s N F ferel ^ f.
dice Small cubes with numbers on
each side. You use dice in many
games. TTCTT; ^ M ; Rffq ^ M ;
dictionary This book is a dictionary. It
(Rscrcufl) tells you what words mean.
YK-'^Ffa; "g^RT f^RT^T
TTW cWT 3Tsf t ^ ^ f.
harp pointed piece of metal
with feathers at one end.
wter cik.

21. doll A toy which looks like a baby or a
(^ra) child. Tjf^n.- ^ % ^t
•fctfhl.
dolphin An animal which lives in the
(•3Tfc*jR) sea. Dolphins are very clever. diver A person who swims under the
(^ifcR) water. Divers wear special suits.
'lldltelU.
doctor A person who helps to make you
(^nre*) better when you are ill. M ^ R T ;
%T; "dfrprf ^T f c IR ^Ff M I
^ r f e .
donkey An animal which looks like a
small horse. A donkey has long
ears. W .
dinosaur A very large animal which
( ^ t ^ ^ t r ) lived thousands of years ago.
t^Ft MTT MtMcK
^ TJff
dog An animal which is kept as a pet.
Csfo) t ^ M ^ -
dishwasher A machine which does the
(•ferranrrc) washing up. ^ T T ^ t TFFTf

22. door A door opens and shuts and
(•sft) allows you go into a room or build-ing.
q<qif1l;
-W
dove a bird which is like a pigeon. ^Ksdl;
^cTC % MRclK ^FT.
1 2 3 U. 5 6
7 8 9 10 1132
dozen This is another way of saying
( w i ) twelve. ^HF ^TT t j ^ c ^ t .
dragon A make-believe animal. Many
(%tr) stories have been written about
dragons. WW ^ffa;
3 3?ft R+ddl f.
dragonfly A large insect, usually <
(^HikHi^) bright colour. TO
dress Something worn by women
iftTW; feT^TRT; x r f tm
d r i " You use a drill to make holes.
( % 0 ^ ^TT 3#3TR.
drum A musical instrument which yoi
( ^ r ) beat with a stick. "^cT; WSI.
duck bird which can swim.
( t o )
22

23. eagle A large bird which eats small
(^ra) animals. W ;
ear
(iSR)
earth
(3Rf)
You have two ears, one on each
side of your head. We hear with
our ears. ^FTFT.
0 -Wo • -I,
« - ° * - • P.' 6 w ' O is " o
The top of the ground. We put
plants in the earth, ^^cft; IfPTfr;
' ° ' ' V M — - -
earthworm A large worm which lives in
(siafcpf) the earth.
easel
(l^yTcT)
A frame made of wood to stand a
picture or a blackboard on.
cRan; w r q ^ w r ^r erarat ^
^far.
easter egg An egg made from choco-
( t f ^ ^ T ) late. ^ft-fRT c%R-qr
*fe w ^ q f ^ n ^TTcfT t
^ n ^ Z ^ ^FfcTT t ) .
egg (tttt) Some animals lay eggs.
x^^NBabies of these animals are
f /hatched from eggs. sf^T.
eight The number between seven and
(•qe) nine. W sfk ^ % ^t TTMT.
3TT3. 23

24. elbow The part where your arm bends
(TTc«rt) in the middle. <=hl^-fl.
envelope
(^HcJdM)
A folded piece of paper. You
put a letter in an envelope.
eye The part of your body you see
(OT^) with.
eyelid The piece of skin which covers
(3n^fers) your eye. "q^RF.
cricn
eleven The number between ten and
( j v m ) twelve. ^RF % =Ft
IRiPTT : TqRf.
excavator A big machine which digs,
(xrcmc^t) ^ ^ft
The hairs along the edge of
your eyelids. Eyelashes help to
keep dust out of your eyes.
"TcT^it % ofTeT.
elephant
(•qcT.Tfr^)
The largest land animal in
world. An elephant has a long
nose called a trunk. FMf.
emu A large bird which cannot fly. Emus
(spjj live in Australia. STH^fcFTT ^ r ^FT
^ ^
is
FT
eyelash
(wijbt)

25. fence A kind of wall usually made of
("to?) wood. cfTST; "s^T.
face jhe fr o n t pa r t 0 f y0ur head.
( t o)
fan ( t o ) A machine which blows hot and
cold air. W I .
farmer A person who looks after a farm.
(TJipft) farHM; l M oncJT.
feather A lot of fine threads. Birds have
f t o ^ l feathers. W
fern A green plant which has feather-
( t o ) like leaves. qf^ff ^mi
•qf^n.
ferret A little animal used to catch rab-
(Tfcfte) bits. ^ t^eira "^n^.
ferry A boat which carries people and
(%ff) cars across water. ^ftTT; "TT^; f ^ c f t.
field A piece of land with things grow-
{itez) ing in it. ^fcT; WTTF.
fingers The five things on the end of
( f t o t f ) your hand. Ff«T ^ t 25

26. fire Something which burns and gives
( M ) out warmth. 3TFT;
fire engine
(WR Tjfnjn)
A large motor car which car-ries
water to put out fires.
3TFT ^TT^ TTTSt;
WT
fireman
( w # i )
A man who rides in a fire
engine and puts out fires. 3TFT
fish A creature which lives in water. We
(fan) eat some fish. ^RWft; TTfPT.
Q.
fisherman A person who catches fish.
1
five The number between four and
(TpT^cj) six. ^TR W. % cfft WTT:
•qfa. 26
A coloured piece of cloth
fixed to a stick. fTST;
flamingo
( T ^ T t )
A bird with a long neck and
long legs. You often see a
flamingo standing in water at
the zoo. TRFH "q^it.
flower (ww<) The part of a plant which
holds the seeds. A flower
is usually a bright colour.
fly A small insect with two wings.
foal a young pony, ^frf ^TT ^ ^T ®psrr.
(•qytcl)
foot The part of your body you stand
(ige) on. qfo;

27. football A leather or plastic ball used in
(^rieiTd) the game of football. "fc ^
footprint
Ogefite)
The mark made by your foot
when you walk on something
soft like sand. ^ f^RT.
fossil (wRhch)
fountain
(mivj-ci)
The shape of a plant or ani-mal
which lived a long time
ago. These shapes can still
be seen in rocks. ^RJ
T M % m oft wfa %
^ "STHfft f
Water which shoots into the
air. WT; ^R^tRl.
four The number between three and
OPft) /r7iI tfii ve. ""tN % cfff
4 '
forehead
Oitata)
The part of your face between
your eyes and your hair. "RM;
mm.
fork
An instrument for picking up food.
•QHTWt ^ J ^ f e. fox A small wild animal with
(t^Tcr?) bushy tail, effort.
a big
fort A strong building. Soldiers used to f r o g A c r e a t u r e w h i c h c a n in
(nil*) live in a fort. ^te. water and jump on land. te. 27

28. garage a place to keep cars,
garage A place where you get petrol.
(frf^si) TTteT a f l f t oflt cM ^
garden The land round a house. You
(•nr^r) grow flowers and vegetables in
a garden. ^TPT;
28
gate A gate is like a door but you see it
(Tfe) Outside. A gate can be made of
wood or iron. ^TMT.
ghost A ghost is supposed to be a dead
spirit. No one knows if
ghosts are real. ^fcT; f^T.
giraffe An animal with a very long neck.
(ftRPP) faw.
g>rl A female child. cQ
Clef)
^ T .
glass Glass is hard and breaks easily,
(^crra) You can see through glass.

29. glasses We wear glasses when we
('eiiRivjt) _ cannot see very well.
• Glasses are sometimes
^called spectacles. WTT;
VVvMA^ i _ / v> . v n LIX
gnome A little make-believe man who
lives underground. #=TT.
_ ider (joH^sw) An aeroplane without
an engine. "f^FTT " ^ R ^T I w t .
globe A round shape like a ball which
(Teita) shows you all the countries of the
world. Titor fcrcr "qr ^ ^ °ft
* r t ^ n t.
goal A wooden frame with a net. You
(Titer) kick a football into a goal,
goat An animal with horns. A goat gives
(Tfte) milk.
goldfish Fish which are gold in colour.
OiWfogi) ^fr^; t q "q^rt.
glove A covering for the hand. Gloves
On^) keep our hands warm. <vklHI.
glue Something which is used to stick
(Tcjj things together. TT^T; f ^ w ^ ^T goose A bird which looks like a big
(tjtt) white duck. 29

30. gooseberry A small green berry which
(Tpplft) you can eat. sfi^fT. grasshopper
(TTprr"?m)
A small insect which
jumps. Pd-^si.
green
(to)
The colour of grass. FTT; ITT TT.
gorilla
('ftRedl)
A very large ape. WTTJ^; "SflT
grape A sweet juicy fruit. You make
(tq) wine from grapes. 3PJT.
grapefruit
30
grass a green plant. WT;
(tirt)
guitar A musical instrument with strings.
(flrcrc). tec.
gull a sea bird. TT^M^TT.
(•ner)
gun A weapon used for shooting.
(TFT) cTR
A bitter fruit like a large yel-low
orange. WtZT -<=i =hld<i;
^ T t .
guinea pig
(Tpft •RTT)
A small animal kept as a
pet. ^ %TT W f ^ t w s f tM
^tfftc.

31. handkerchief A small piece of cloth
(I^TcpT^to) you use to blow your
nose.
handle Part of anything you hold in
your hand. A knife has a handle
^ j ) fPtfnd so has a door.
hair Thin threads which grow on your
.to) ^ M f e head. Some animals
h a i r a " o v e r t h e ir
V j T * ^ b o d i e s. handlebars The part of a bicycle you
C^cHnI ) hold onto when riding.
hammer a tool for hitting nails, f te
( t o )
A bent piece of wire with a
hook. You hang up your clothes
on a hanger. Tsfzt ^T eT^ft "sfT cfTt ^faT "TC •grrt
d i + l ^ ^Tct f .
hamster
(tare*)
A small animal like a big
mouse. We keep hamsters as
pets. ^ ^ W ^ ^ h c r.
hare a wild animal like a rabbit. W I
CN) % TTft^R 3 TForf^cT
handcuffs Two metal rings which lock
(l^swtm) your hands together. Police-men
use handcuffs on
r f i prisoners.
harp A musical instrument with strings
(mi) A harp has the shape of a triangle
31
hanger
( W )
hand Part of your body at the end of
(fcss) your arm. FTC; W .

32. 32
head All the parts of your body above
your neck. f^R.
heel The back part of your foot. "Q^t.
C M
headlight The lights on the front of a car
) or motor cycle, f ^ f t
% 3TO W] ^FT WTWeTT^.
heart Your heart is inside your body. It
^ pumps blood. You can
L ^ T ) hear your heart beating.
mm/ i^T; te
mmBKHmm^Sm^
hedge A kind of fence made from small
bushes. flTfe^i ^T ®tTf.
hedgehog A small animal which is very
( t t m ) Prickly. W t ; ^ M ^T
helicopter An aircraft which can fly
( M l w ^ ) straight up and come straight
down. f^FTP ^ fft %
w tt sm TS ^racn t
cT?n ft -^cR t.
helmet A kind of strong hat worn
by soldiers, policemen
and firemen. People who
ride on motorbikes have
to wear a crash helmet.
eiWdlM; far ^Fl ^STT t l
-•hen ' a female bird. "g^Tf.
^TcTT Zfa.
hat Something you wear on your head.
(%e) 2rq.

33. hoe A garden tool for digging out
weeds.
holly A tree with prickly leaves. Some
holly trees have red berries. ^H^T
i t ^ eb^k fnst.
hook A curved piece of metal. You hang
(fcp) things on a hook. ^feT.
hoop A circle of wood or plastic. You
(^q) jump through a hoop or roll it
herring A small fish found in the sea.
^ Wft ^Ist Weft.
mountain. ^ ^ T ; Wf^;
hippopotamus A very large animal s^ng the ground. ^ TO;
(OMcw-i ) which lives near a river.
^ f w f •srteT.
heron
C M
A bird with long legs which likes
standing in water.
^npn.
hive A small house made of wood.
Bees live in a hive. "R^hRksmi '3FI
33

34. E B EB EE3 E B IB
horn Pointed bones which grow on the
heads of some animals. "#T.
( HEFT P I T A U 1 " • .
1 • J
hospital A place you go to when you
(aR^ed) are ill. 3-iwdld; fafeoHM'M.
horn A musical instrument like a big
( # f ) trumpet. You blow a horn to make
a sound, ^f1^ c j ^l
horse A friendly animal. You can ride on
a horse. ^TteT;
horseshoe
m
A piece of metal which is
fixed to the bottom of a
horse's hoof. "^TTeT.
J4
A long narrow pipe made of rub-ber
or plastic. Water goes through
a hose. T^T; ^
^ t ^ Wf TTPTt ^Ff "Qcfr T«fPT ^
^Fft W W: % WT STTcft t .
house A building where people live.
TJf; WFT.
hut A small building made from wood.
hyena
(^TT)
A fierce animal which looks a bit
like a wolf. c r l ^ ^ m .
hose
(im)

35. iceberg A very large lump of ice float-
(OTifwf) ing in the sea. fan femsU
ice cream A soft frozen food. Ice cream
is made from milk and sugar.
ice skate A special kind of shoe with a
sharp metal piece fixed to
the bottom. ^ "^R f ^ d ^
cfM ^cTT.
icicle A thin long piece of ice which
(aijR-icbd) hangs from a roof in very cold
weather, d<i+d1
igloo Eskimos used to live in igloos. An
( ^ i ) igloo is made from large pieces of
hard snow. mJHhI^.
insect A small creature with six legs.
(3-Atixi) Ants and flies are insects,
iron Something which is made of
(srwR) metal with a flat part under-neath.
You make an iron hot and
rub it over clothes to smooth
them. M ^pft ^ftrt.
island A piece of land which has sea
all round it. i f a ; ZPJ.
ivy A green plant with shiny leaves,
(srrfft) Ivy climbs up walls. RuW ^ t WT
35

36. jacket a short coat.
( ^ r f ^ )
jack-in-the-box
(^cp-^i-^-cffcm)
A toy which looks like a
box. When you open
the lid a doll pops out.
ftfsTCT 3 f^TT §37T
T^TOK^T fedk.
jack knife ( ^ p ^ i p ) A large pocket knife
^ S j ^ N which has many different
blades. "^T
^MT •^RfT.
jaguar
(u|Jc|W)
36
A fierce wild animal which looks
something like a leopard.
jam A very sweet food which is made
by boiling soft fruit and sugar
together. "fC^T; sixTR; t M
^ f t .
jay A bird with blue, brown and pink
feathers, il<ncbu<3 ^aft.
jeans Trousers made from blue cotton
material. ^ ^
jeep A very strong kind of motor car. A
(wfa) jeep will go over very rough roads.
TTRjt; Fc^T W T ^
3W5|T -J^RT ^frl f.

37. jelly A wobbly kind of food made from
(vitcft) fruit juice and sugar. 'gi^T; Tfrst
w ^ p B i r i
jellyfish A sea animal with a soft body.
^cflfogi) It looks like an umbrella.
"^Icn^fKt TOeft.
iersey Something you wear on the top
(«!#) part of your body. A jersey is
often made from wool.
^ f t "gJcff.
jewel A special stone which is worth a
lot of money. A diamond is a
jewel, TFf.
jockey A person who rides on a race
(weft) horse. ^T ^ f aT ^ W K .
A container for liquids. A jug
has a handle and a special
place for the liquid to come
out of the top. =fF
3 faehMI 3fR ^ m t.
jungle A very thick forest found in hot
(yFTct) countries. "^FM; ^T.
37
jigsaw puzzle
(fvFraTTiylcT)
A picture which has been
cut up into small pieces.
These pieces are then
fixed together. %
Z ^ f oFt 3 WT
jug
( W T )

38. kangaroo An animal which lives in
(Vre) Australia. A kangaroo hops
on its back legs. STR^f^TT
src^ % wte crm % ®r|
% sfcft ftcft t.
key Something you use to open a lock,
(eft) A key is made of metal. ^rat;
^ j f t ; cTToTl".
- I u ^
IO U O
keyhole A hole in which you put a key
(•jft to unlock a door. "^TRt cTHPt ^FT
kid A baby goat. ^ R t ^T W^H.
kettle A metal container used for boiling
water. A kettle always has a han-dle.
kilt A skirt with lots of pleats. People
(face) who live in Scotland sometimes
wear kilts. fwlTPTf
king A man who rules a country. A king
(fcfrrr) is a very important man.
TRT; ^T; M J ; ^ T .
kennel a house for a dog. ^frff %
38

39. knot It is made by tying two pieces of
kite A kind of toy which goes up into (^fte) string together, "nfe.
(<pt&) the air on a long piece of string.
kitten (ftse^) A baby cat. M ^T ^rai.
knee
m
The middle part
bends. ^TT.
leg which
knife A sharp piece of metal joined to a
(ht?^) handle. You cut things with a
knife, ^ f l ^ ; sfft.
knight
W O
kingfisher A bird with bright blue feath-ers.
A kingfisher lives near a
river, -cmle) W I ^MI Wf;
imfWn.
kipper A herring which has been dried
(ftjOR) in smoke. ^ 3 RpiTf w!" HsSdl
kitchen The place in a house where
(fctjrR) you do the cooking. TFTf
A soldier who lived a long time
ago. ^ f t ;
knuckle The part of your finger which
(wcO bends, i f t ; ^FT ^ffe.
39

40. A special kind of string you use to
fasten shoes. ^ ^ F f cfiT "tftcFT.
ladder A set. of steps made from two
(cW) long planks of wood with small
ieces between them. A
dder can be made of
metal. You climb up a
7/ ladder. ^ M ;
ladle A big spoo>nn wnhichn lIoOoOKksS liKke a
(pTSci) cup on the end of a long handle.
I a m b A baby sheep.'^rT;
(ft*)
40
eFi
pmp A light in the street.
ftalRT, ^^TcTltWT.
lantern A lantern is made from metal
with glass sides. You usually put
a candle in a lantern to give you
light. dldcH; eb^lel.
lark A small bird which sings as it flies
(oTPfc) in the sky. ^ cfT^T "q^ft; cT^T.
lasso A rope with a loop on the end. You
catch horses and cattle with a
lasso, ^ s f f eft ej5T "q^j.

41. lemon a yellow very sour fruit, i f ^
(et'FT)
lawnmower
(cfH^ER)
A machine used for cutting
grass. W ^iz^f # 1.
leaf It is green and grows on plants
and trees, w t ;
leap frog
(•^ta tptt)
leopard A fierce animal which looks like
(cfcni) a large cat. tgsfT.
letter
letter
( c t e f )
A message which is written down
on paper and then put in an enve-lope.
M m TR^T;
A mark that stands for a sound we
say. Words are made from letters.
leg We have two legs. We walk with
them. They are joined to our body.
lettuce A plant with big green leaves,
(crfcm) You eat lettuce without cooking
it. ^t cTCF ^T -qffaT; ^
41
A game in which one person
jumps over another. ^
t w c f ^ f f^T Rsldl^l % TT
H=hdr) f .

42. lighthouse A tall tower with a big flash-ing
light. A lighthouse helps
ships to know where they
are in the dark. WT
( h h MH
lifeboat
(cfT^p efe)
litter bin A container in which to put
(fcT^fim) your rubbish.
42
lizard A small animal with four legs and
(fcfMri) a long tail.
lobster A small sea animal with a hard
(cfiw?) shell and five pairs of legs.
The front legs have sharp
claws. "Q^R "G^R °FT
log A round piece of wood which has
(efFi) been cut from a tree, dob-si ^FT cjp^T
lollipop A large sweet on the end of a
(chTc^nn) stick. "Q^r ^ "spsff ^ pHdii
A special fast boat which res-cues
people in the sea. wNh
TO ^ T ; Trg^ 3 ^ f ^ w f ^Ft
W^fi ^ cfft m
lion
(eTRR)
A large wild animal found in Africa
and other countries. fw.
luggage All the cases and bags you
(crftra) take with you when you go
away, ^ f t ^FT UPTFT.

43. Small, pretty balls made of
glass. 3?%; ^ r % t IQ^ ^
net ( t ^ t e ) A piece of metal which
can pull other pieces of
metal to it.
marionette A puppet which you move
with strings. fleT^-fcT^ ^ f t
obdJidei).
mask
magpie
(Vn^)
A black and white bird which is
very noisy. "J^ffcft W
^ cT«TT i^f ^TToTT ^TtfWT
f f f l t r t i i r -
mallet
(^rfcTC)
A wooden hammer, (n^sl ^T
mast
(•mrs)
magnifying glass
•'eTR?)
A glass which can
make things look
much bigger than
they really are. f t 1 7!
Something you wear over your
face to hide it or protect it. =t->iJitf;
^ n f e ^ anfc ^T-goffer.
A tall pole on the deck of a boat. It
holds the sail up. t t ^ , %
if eFMT f31T c ^ T t z i f^RT ^
Wf ^fal W t.
map A drawing which shows you how . . , x . ,
. , mat Apiece of thick material you put on
(tm) to find your way to somewhere. /jSl_, r „ , r
TO t h e f l o o r - ^
43
marbles

44. match A thin piece of wood with a spe-cial
tip. This tip makes fire when
you strike it against something.
"Tlf^RT; R i l W d li
mattress A very thick pad which goes
on a bed. "H^I.
maze A place with lots of paths all
(•ifri) crossing each other. You can get
lost in a maze. ^cT-^^TT.
meat Parts of an animal used for food,
(ife) »IHcK"f °FT TTRT;
medal A piece of metal like a coin. You
(Tt^cT) W7~i a r e g i v e n a m e d a l you
i do something brave. ^T^;
WTT; faw.
melon A large
(^pr) juicy fruit.
44
mermaid A make-believe sea fairy with
( w r ^ ) the tail of a fish. *idH<l; "RcFf
^TT.
merry-go-round
(^fr-Tft-xn^u^)
A large wooden plat-form
with wooden
animals on it. A
merry-go-round is
sometimes called a
roundabout. W I ^
microphone
An instrument which makes sound louder.
3TfcTR ffaf ^ ^lefT
microscope
(HIs^WIM)
An instrument which you
use to look at very small
things. ^ T O f ^RT.

45. mink A small animal with soft fur. The
(•fiftp) fur of a mink is very valuable.
monkey A small animal which can
(Tfcft) climb trees and swing from
branch to branch. A monkey
can be very clever. °TFK.
moon It looks like a large bright light in
the sky at night. The moon
seems to change its shape each
night. ^jrr.
mirror A piece of glass with silver paint-
(ftr?) ed on the back. You can see
yourself in a mirror, ^ f r l ; snf^TT;
Htm.
mole A small animal which lives under
(ifta) the ground.
mop A sponge on a long handle. You
(Tfm) clean the floor with a mop.
"sft WF % W
3MT t .
mosaic Lots of little pieces of glass or
(Htyl^cb) stone put together to make a
picture. ^ M ; TW; t M % jpFTff
^ F t f ^ ^FTFTT; 45
minnow
im)
A very small fish. ^ ^TT cITcTM
TJcF Wtzt
mitten
( f t *0
A covering for the hand. A mitten
like a glove but with one
for all the fingers and
one place for the thumb. IT^T
^RTHT; ftraS •snff
"3E7I?T cTSTT 3T^T STeFT
f^FTT "STTcTT t .
milk
(to)
A white liquid food. ^T.

46. mouse A small animal with a long tail.
mouth The opening in your face where
("RT^ar) you put your food and drink.
mug A big cup which usually has
(tft) straight sides. ^ W^f ^HT
mushroom A small plant. When it is
(H¥i>hH) growing in the ground it
looks like an umbrella.
mosque A place where Muslims
mosquito a small flying insect.
(TFHcfajt)
motor boat A boat that is run by a
motor. TTO^ 3 W f w ft
motor cycle Something which looks
(?Ttcr? like a large heavy bicycle.
It is run by a motor.
"^fef^ w f t ^rrrT •HlSfaxrl.
46
worship. TTfcsR.
mountain
(HIvfc^H)
A very high rocky hill,

47. net Material which has lots of holes in.
You use a net to catch fish. "RWft
nail A small thin piece of metal with a
flat top Jftpd a point at the other
encU^fT;
neck The part of the body which joins
(•^tp) the chest to the head. fJ^T; W .
net Net can be made with wire. You
use this to make a fence or a cage.
HNMM; sfcteT-W^ cfit ^ HFTf 3
tW^Tt^cf ^ F f cTTeTT ^IM.
nettle
(^tecT)
necklace
(^cbelVH)
nectarine
A piece of jewellery worn
round the neck. ^ ^T fK.
QA sweet juicy fruit which looks like a peach.
*I4-K1I<3: TffteTT W f .
A thin piece of metal with a
sharp point at one end and a
hole at the other.
nest A place where birds lay their eggs,
ost birds build their own nests.
A weed Which stings you if you
touch the leaves. <fd<K "qfxPff cT®TT
newspaper Large printed sheets of
( " i ^ m ) paper which tell you what
has happened. *WMK TO.
newt A small creature with a long tail. It
nib
(ftw)
can live on land and in water.
CT?JT 3 Tf -^Run f .
The point of a pen. The ink comes
through the nib when you write.
^ R ^ t -j^f ^TFT TT feRrn «
47

48. nightgown Something girls wear when
(Hij<midH) t h e y 9° t 0 b e d - ^ ^
nine The number between eight and
ten. 3Tf3 ^T % •sft^T "^ff W H :
ninepins
(HI^HRvH)
A game where you try to
knock over wooden sticks
with a ball, t ^ i^TT ftrctf
^ ^r ^ ^f fwn ^TCTT
nose Part of your face you breathe
(^ftyT) through. You have two holes in
your nose. These are called nos-trils.
Hm
note book A book of paper which you
(^tefcp) write in. ^Fft; |jfw=bl.
nun A woman who lives in a convent
and prays to God a lot of the time.
^ ^PTTftH TT3 i f TPR
w t i
nurse A person who looks after sick
people. sR^lRphl; Wft;
48
nut The seed of a tree, ^ m w f ;
^qRt; HlRild 3nf^ ^f ^T
nut A piece of metal which you screw
(•rcl^svon to the end of a bolt.
nutcrackers
(Hethcjj^)
Something you use to
break the hard shell of a
nut so that you can eat the
inside. TlftaT; ^ I S W ^
m nuthatch A small pretty bird which likes
(^rclti) to eat nuts. M W l ^ ^icll
noose A circle of rope made by tying a
slip knot. When you pull
the long end of the rope
the loop gets smaller.
T ^ ^ t f t f ^ J .

49. octagon A shape with eight sides.
(3Tf^H) 3TB ofMt 3TT^T.
oar A pole with a flat end. You use two
[sfft) oars to row a boat. ""TcRR.
octopus
(wfcf^m)
A sea creature which has eight
arms, srra ^T«rf ^TT
omelette A food which is made by beat-ing
eggs and frying them. 3Toi
^TPTT "TqT 11 o n e The lowest number. ^fHf ^t
WTT: Voa.
oak
(3Ttcf>)
A large tree which lives for a very
long time. WcJcT ^T i fo
_ry
(arayTEfeff)
A building with special
telescopes inside for
watching stars. f^JWfl;
W Ic^TTR ^ ^ f t ^rffcT
cfi^ =FT M l .
orchard A place where lots of fruit trees
grow, "q^f ^T ®fFT.
49
oboe
(afWl)
A musical instrument. WTlf;
onion (3T^T!r) A round vegetable which
grows under the ground.
An onion has a very
strong smell. "^TM.
orange Orange is a colour. It is also a
(aftfita) fruit. TRTCT; w f t ij].

50. orchestra Lots of people playing musi-cal
instruments.
orchid (arrcffcg) Brightly coloured flow-ers.
Large ones grow in
hot countries or in a hot
greenhouse in colder
countries. Small orchids
grow wild. ^
TJjeflf cfMT
1m
organ A big musical instrument with
black and white notes like a
piano, f w f t
osprey a
otter
( a f t e *)
A fish-eating animal which lives
near a river. It is not easy to see
an otter. ^ faciM.
sea eagle. Tnj^f ^ffa.
outboard motor A motor which goes
(aivjedU on the outside of a
ostrich A very large bird which cannot o w l A bird which usually flies at night,
(OTR^t) fly. An ostrich has long legs and («reei) Owls catch and eat small ani-
can run very fast. m a l s -
50
boat. TO % ^WT eFlt
i t iqta; Pr.
oven The part of a cooker where you
(3frcR) put food in to bake. P®Mdl ^ t ^
3TSM ^ e f T.
overalls Something you wear on top
(artcROT?^) of your clothes to keep them
clean. ^TT; <rH«l 3TT^ ^
=bl«sll} % chKl'K mfa

51. Another name for a bucket. ^Te^t;
^cHMM.
paddle A long thin piece of wood with a
(%5ct) flat piece at each end. You use
a paddle to make a canoe go
along in the water. "^P^
TOR.
pail
paint A liquid you paint on something to
( ^ e ) make it a different colour. FI;
page One side of a piece of paper in a
(^3f) ^ ^ ^ .book. W .
Hill
J U U
pagoda a Chinese temple. WTH;
(MSI) 3TTf^ % ^ -qf^.
palm A tree which grows in hot coun-
(wr) tries. cfTf ^T cfTf
palm
(rim)
The inside surface of your hand.
pancake A food you make with
' eggs, flour and milk. A pan-panda
(^st)
cake is very thin, fapl; ^telT.
A small animal with red-dish-
brown fur. A giant
panda is a large black and
white animal which lives in
China. "CRJ.
51
paddock A small field. *IH<=|0' ^T W51;
padlock A lock which is movable.
<r1cich^ ^TcTT rTTcTT.

52. pane A thin piece of glass which goes
in a window frame. Rsl4<=bl Wit
panther [An animal like1
park A large garden usually in a town,
(irrfc) People and children can walk and
play in a park. "3UFT; ^TfcFT; ®prfar.
passenger A person who rides in a car,
( M ^ H ) bus, train or aeroplane, ^rrat;
paper clip A piece of bent metal which
("taR'foem) fixes sheets of paper
together. W l tj^t TfT«r
W t T?^ % tcTQ; ?IR, ^TRJ Tf
krlirUcb ^ t ^Fft M
•---x- ( ^ i ^ jd) A large round piece
of cloth with strings
attached to the edge. You
use a parachute when you
have to fall a long way in
the sky. f ^ l f WTt
STCT t w r ^ L ^ t ^
parcel Something wrapped up in paper path A road which you walk on. Cars
( w f a ) and tied with string or sticky (TJW) and bicycles do not ride on a oath,
tape. ^ e T ; TO1; Wf.
^TT 3TTR "TPST
parasole An umbrella which shades
you from the sun. "Sfei M i l .
parrot A bird with bright feathers.
People sometimes keep parrots
as pets because you can teach
them to talk. cffcTT.
patchwork Lots of little pieces of mate-rial
sewn together to make a
pretty cover. f ^ r - f ^M 3TFFR
CT«TT "?rff w f ^ r f % ^ F f f 3
52

53. paw jhe soft foot of an animal. ^T
W Hl^-Kk W .
pea A vegetable which looks like a 1 it—
(iff) tie green ball. Lots of peas grow
together in a green case called a
pod. iTO.
peach A sweet juicy fruit with a big seed
(Tfrer) in the middle.
pear
pebble
(ifacl)
The juicy fruit of the pear tree.
- IWHrInDrLr
Small round stones. You can
find lots of pebbles on a beach.
""TcSR; "5fcT "S^neT 3 f^RT
Wi ^ fir t j f t "q?SR.
peg A piece of wood or plastic with a
(fa) metal spring. You hang the washing
p with pegs, g^f p "^T
M i w , sncj^T
^ n f e ^ ^ i f W i .
Pekingese
A small dog with very short legs.
^QlNH W f f WIT ^ "^T ^uTT.
pelican A large water bird. A pelican
(^fofcfR) has a big pouch underneath its
beak. h^Ri^T TlFf WfT ®T5T T T ^
•qaft.
pen Something which writes in ink.
(faf) ^ftsFft; W l .
pencil A thin piece of wood with lead
Qjpwn the middle. You write and
with a pencil. You can rub it
if you wish.
pendulum A heavy weight found in
(fa?om) some big clocks. A pendu-lum
swings backwards and
forwards and makes the
clock keep time, ^ s t ^T
WR.
53

54. 54
petro
(^teO
penguin A bird which lives in the
(trf^cR) Antarctic. A penguin can swim
but it cannot fly. ^ f e t "^t
The liquid usedin cars to make
the engine go. "^Jfcf Tlf^R ^cT ^
FFf ^ ^TeTFTT ^ n 1
perch A wooden bar in a cage for a bird
(TTCJ) to sit on. "F^ft 3 # f f % ^FiT
petticoat Something which can be worn
( ^ t e t e ) under a dress. WTT.
p l J ^ a
}
n t A bird whicFT lives in woods.
Some people shoot pheasants
and eat them. WIc[ Tffff
perfume A sweet smelling liquid made
(TRT^) from the petals of flowers,
periscope An instrument used in sub-
(^RWln) marines. A periscope lets
you see what is happening
on the top of the water.
W ? f f ^ft ^fq ^t
^ f t ^ N k f^rer m^wiil 3
t .
petal Part of a flower. "f^T
photograph A picture made by a
OleliUfr) camera. t^f;
A long thin flag which is
pointed at one end. cTWf w f t
^MTcTT^T.
photographer
( W t t t ^ r )
A person who takes
pictures with a camera.
pennant
(faRe)

55. Something you eat made with pas-try
on the outside and fruit or meat
in the middle. •^Pn.
pig An animal which is kept on a farm,
(ftm) When we eat pig we call it pork.
pianist
( t i ^ R e)
A person who plays a piano.
fosfFtr
- ' —^
piano A musical instrument. You hit the
( i ^ f t ) black and white keys to make the
sound. "S^FR ^TT ^FTI.
pigeon A bird which can be wild or tame.
("PtaR) /-^Pigeons are clever and can
nd their way home from a
long way away.
pike A rather fierce fish found in
(TT^P) rivers. "^Teft Weft.
pill A small ball which is medicine. A
("fteT) pill.is small enough to swallow.
n / ^rft i M ; ^cnf fdr+^i.
pillar A wooden or stone post which
("ftcrc) helps to hold up a building.
55
piccolo A musical instrument like a
small flute. A piccolo
makes a very high sound.
picture A drawing, painting or photo-
( f t i ^ ) graph. Sometimes you hang a
picture on the wall. t^TJT; ci'wk.

56. pillar box A bright red box in the street to
(ftcR encRT) post your letters in. ^-tffeBT.
pillow A bag^-filled with sofTrrlSterial.
You put your head on a pillow
when you sleep. ftKSHl.
pilot A person who flies an aero-
(m^cHc;) plane. f^TH "^TMcF.
pin A small thin piece of metal like a
(for) nail. f*H; ^ M P r
pineapple A large fruit which grows in
( W ^ r a ) Jpt countries. It has a very
thick skin. 3RHRT.
pink A colour made from red and white,
(ficp) TJcTRt cTSTT ^T
pipe A hollow tube that liquids run
( ^ i ) through, ^ f t .
pipe You can put tobac-
On^q) co in a pipe
smoke it.
pirate A person who used to rob
(TTi^reO treasure from a ship at sea. You
read about pirates in story
books. ^ g ^ t g^TT;
pistol A small gun. f ^ f t e f.
(ftrecT)
pitchfork A fork with a long handle and
only two spikes. You lift
hay with a pitchfork.
^TT w ^T cffe.
56
pizza A flat cake of dough with a tasty
(ftyn) topping. It comes from Italy.
i ^ T F f ^ J R ( T M M ) .

57. plank A thick flat piece of wood.
-^rST Tflzj e T ^ t oFT ^rgn.
<rPKJT
platform Part of the floor which is high-er
than the rest. You can also
see a platform at a railway sta-tion.
It is always higher than
the railway lines. ^ ^ K i;
"S^R cFT ^cRT; ^TT ^T
% " ^ T ^ ^ ^ f t W T ^ T ^
Wft f.
plug All electric machines have a plug
on the end of the flex. This joins
it to the electricity
supply. ^T ^
"mf wrai ^WT^l f ^
^ffl^S % 3 WTRt f .
TJP
plum the
plumber A person who fixes water
pipes. cTTFf ^TT ^fer ^
pocket A small bag fixed to your coat,
(wfce) trousers or dress. You can keep
your money in a pocket.
polar bear
(TTteTC "^TC)
e white bear.
pole A long round stick. W ^ l WTT ^fa
(tfcr) f ^ T ^ ^T ^ t. y
plaster A piece of material with sticky
(kHi*ri>0 ends. You put plaster
on a cut to stop it from
getting dirty. ^ T f ^t
plug
(WT)
A piece of rubber or plastic you
put in the hole in the sink to stop
water from running away.
^ f ^ n Wen t .
A soft juicy fruit with a stone in
middle. afl^^slKI "TI

58. polecat A small animal like a weasel.
police
(TTri^TH)
People who see that other peo-ple
do not break the law.
TT^ ^ r a w *K«*>Kl
WIT.
poppy A bright red flower which grows
(Tfnft) wild, ^i'ldl ""TteT "feT.
porcupine An animal like a giant rat
(MK^MI^H) covered with long prickles.
W t .
polo
("cftoTt)
postcard ( M l ^ i i ) A small piece of card.
write a message on a post-card
and send it in the post.
i^RT "CR T m fa<sl=b<
^rer ^ r t ^RT wm t.
A game played by people sitting
on horses and hitting a ball with a
stick. "tftoTt TOf ^TT T§teT, ^ft ^ "<R
porpoise A sea animal like a small
( w r a ) whale.
B^n porthole A window in a ship. Portholes
^ ^ ^ C ^ ^ f ) are usually round. TftHt ^ F^T
(TM)
poodle A small dog with curly hair.
Oj^e?) ^RT^ ^RTf ^MT ^TrTT.
58
postman
(TTt^T)
?
A person who delivers our letters.

59. post office A place to buy
stamps and to post parcels.
^RT wrcft mtecf f .
A container used to hold liquid. You
make tea in a tea pot. ^cfa.
potato A vegetable which grows in the
ground. Most people like to eat
potatoes 3TRJ.
; Q Q J - y - j ——
projector A machine which is used to
(tftvto^) show films. ^ ""TC f ^ r Rtell}
propeller A blade which goes round
(Mew) and round very fast to make
an aeroplane or ship go for-ward.
^ i f
prince The son of a king or queen,
(ffan) <M$HK.
princess The daughter of a king or
(flRta) queen. <M$Hlfl.
prison A building where people who do
( t o n ) wrong things are locked up. ^fcT;
f^TT WcTT t .
puddle A small pool of water.
(TTSeT) cTTeM.
puffin A bird which has a beak like a
parrot. Puffins live near the sea.
TOf l e f l ^ f^TT^ iTffa cTcM ^ft ftcft t.
59

60. pyjamas A jacket and trousers people
(mj^mm) wear in bed. ^ft 3
WfT IJKMWI; "q^T qKcffa
pylon A big metal tower which holds
(Mi^cilH) up electric cables. "f^cT ^ITCT ^ f
^T^Ft w n "^ten ^TRJ ^TI "st^n.
pump A machine which pushes air or
(•q^r) liquid into a container. You use a
pump to put air into your bicycle
tyre. ^T^ft ^ i T l i t o 3
pupil The black part of your eye.
(^sjftol) offi W i l Wl.
puppet A doll moved by string
(Trffc) your hand. "^H^cTcft.
puppy A young dog.
(Vft)
purple A colour made with red and blue,
(tpfa) "SWt VT; WcT cTSTT ^ f FT trow.
pyramid A solid building which looks like
four triangles meeting at a point
on the top. ^SFfiR '^cF^; cf^
IFFRcT f ^ T ^ ^ fagsi ^ f t ^ f t
f cT^TT ^ R t W1 f^fclT ^cTT f .
purse A small bag to put your money in.
60 python (TTT^ft) A very big snake. 3RTR

61. quads Four children born to the same
(cwI^h) mother at the same time, tj^t Tf
W , ^t fTTcTT ^ ^prf ^
i .
quarry A place where stone is dug out
fttfffi) of the earth. Tfdt WT; jftfe
m ^ i
quay A place where ships are tied to the
(eft) land, "^nrf ""R ^Tirra 37T ^ f
cTSTT ^ct f.
queen A woman who rules a country.
(cftfR) Tpft.
A pen made from a feather. W
(fora) ctf cfJcTTT.
quilt A warm cover to go on
(force) bed. " M i

62. rabbit A small animal with long ears.
Some rabbits are tame and live
in hutches but most of them are
raccoon A small wild animal. A raccoon
(Tap?) has a long bushy tail with
black rings. cT«TT tfq^TC t ^
iTI % ^sF siR f f t f.
A bat with strings. You play ten-nis
with a racket. ^TT ^UPHcH
radiator A radiator is made of metal. It
Of^cN) usually has hot water inside.
is keeps a room warm. ^ T t
radishes Small red vegetables which
(^fMirur) you eat raw in a salad. TJeft.
race track
S2
A path where a race is run.
raft Bits of wood fixed together to
(>nwe) make a flat kind of boat. %
^ s T igt TO.
rain Drops of water which fall out of the
(^t) clouds. cT^f; ^ ^ t ^ f ^
^fT^Tf 3 -pTCTt f .
racket

63. rainbow A band of beautiful colours
O^rat) sometimes seen in the sky.
rattle snake A poisonous snake. When
CtecTTtoJ) it shakes its tail it rattles.
"QcF x ^ f l d l P^cbl ^ ^FTcfr t.
rake A garden tool with a long handle
and metal teeth. %ft, "<#31, W
r a m A male
A small soft red fruit. WRt.
rattle Atoy for a baby. fFfpT;
(feci) 3M5T3?T#t
raven A big black bird with very shiny
(^cn) feathers. "^TcTI
razor Something very sharp used to
( W ) shave hair off your skin.
recorder A musical instrument which
(RchT-^0 you blow.
rectangle
( ^ r a)
A shape with four sides.
3TR<T; ^ STT^FCT 3TFT%
ft.
r e t l A colour. Your lips are red. ^TM; cTTeT
iTT. 63
sheep. ^R
raspberry
rat An animal which looks like a large
(fe) mouse. "^T.

64. refrigerator TTcupbo J?! ""WMichis made
( ^ f i t i u i ^ ) cold by electricity or gas. The
cold helps to keep
food fresh. M V q f t =Ft
^ WcfFf w t TRTH
rhubarb
.T53
aooc
A very large wild animal
with thick skin.
A plant with thick red stalks. We
cook the stalks and eat them.
We do not eat the
-P leaves.
ribbon A narrow piece of silk or velvet.
Girls sometimes wear ribbon in
their hair. "tffclT.
reindeer A kind of deer with~^kry large
horns. Reindeer live in cold
countries. WftPTT; fiftq.
Leather straps used to guide a
horse. cTTFf; ':cn:rl 'SR ^jff
3TRTT f .
ribs jhe bones in your ches£ H^RTI-M!
(•fteff)
rice The hard seeds of a plant which
grows in hot countries. When you
cook rice it goes soft.
revolver
(RclTccN)
64
A kind of pistol. f^frcT; W^TT.
A piece of metal in the shape of a
circle. You wear a ring on your
finger. #J3t; "gf^T.
•rhinoceros
( w r t f t r ^O
reins
ring
(fto)

65. river Water which flows down fromtr
(ftcR) hills into the sea. ^TT.
road A hard path made for cars and lor-
(Tte) ries. TT^TT.
rocking chair A chair which goes back-
(•TffctrrT ^ n ) wards and forwards when
you sit in it. Ijyl^ ^Teft
robin / s m a | | bird with a red breast. cTTeT
(Tff^T) ^ cfTcft M^TT.
rocking horse
(TrfcfcTf I^Rf)
rod
(Tfe)
A toy horse which goes
backwards and for-wards
when you sit on
it. ^ F * «
A thin piece of wood. It
usually has very thin string
on one end for fishing.
roller skates Special boots which have
(^cR^^^sn) wheels on them, ^ f i b r %
roof ( w ) The covering on top of a building.
The roof of a house is often
made of tiles, m ^ W.
rock A very large stone. "SsjcT ftMPTT
rock candy A thin stick of sweet.
*
rocket A machine which is shot up into
(Tff^cr) space. sRTfer 3 ^ ^tt -m.
65

66. The part of any plant which grows
under the ground. ; ^ ^TT "^f =FT
HFT wfa 3 WcTT t .
rope very thick string. THTT.
m
rose A flower which has a lovely smell.
roundabout
kJ<S||Ni>c)
Something you see at the
fair. You sit on it and go
round and round. sJefT.
rubber Soft material you use to rub out
drawings or writing which are
wrong. W f .
rubber band
(YSR eT^)
A piece of very thin rubber
joined together to make a
circle. A rubber band
stretches. °F>T
ruby A red jewel. crTM ^">#1.
rudder
(to)
A piece of wood or metal on the
back of a boat. A rudder moves
to make the boat go different
ways. ^ F j f "JTT TI^ ^ MdcfK.
rug
OR)
A small piece of carpet, sometimes
called a mat. =hldlH.
rowing boat
(YtFT ^rfs) 66
A boat which needs oars
to move it along. TTOK ^ft
WfWT 3 Wrti ^Tcft TO.
rung
(*T)
A step on a ladder. "TT % w f
root

67. a large bag made of cloth, ^tn.
W
saddle
jfara)
A leather seat which goes on the
back of a horse. A rider sits in
the saddle, ^ t i RT WW* ^ ^ret;
salmon
(WTR)
sail A piece of strong
( - ^ j ) material fixed to the
mast of a boat. The
sail catches the wind
and makes the boat
move. RM; ^ ^FPTfT
A big fish which has pink flesh,
^ t % JJdl41 TT % "RRT "^Tcfl" H^t
sand
(m
Tiny grains of rock. You see lots of
sand at the seaside and in deserts.
sandwich Two pieces of bread and but-ter
with some tasty food in
between, "gol^f f t ^ t ^ ^t
"RRT WTT f t
sausage Meat minced up and put into thin
(^ftftra) skins. W ^ ^ R T (RRT^r W i t
^ET^ ^f ^RcR; ®FTFTT ^TTcn %).
saw A metal blade with sharp
teeth down one side and a
handle on the end. You
cut wood with a saw. 3TTTt;
3TRT.
saxophone musical instrument you
blow. "qtcfcT cfrr cira ^ WR TNF
"RR% TT 33TR 3TMi5f ^RcIT I .
scarecrow Something which is put into
a field to frighten the birds. It
usually looks like a person
but it is not. RfSTCt ^ ^Pf =FI
"JcTcTT.
67

68. W
scarf A long thin piece of material you
(^PTC)) wear round your neck to keep
you warm. ^Tfl;
school A place where you go to learn.
HldVIMI.
schooner a large sailing ship. ^ "R^Jcff
WTT fT35T ^ t f cfMT *1d4)d.
scissors
(l^yTyf)
scorpion
(WRfrjR
These are like two knives fixed
together You cut material
and paper with scissors.
A creature like a big spider. A
scorpion has a long tail
and it can sting you. f ^ J .
screw A thin piece of metal like a nail
but it has grooves in it.
68
screwdriver You use this to put screws
into wood.
scroll A foil of papeP f37T WFT;
(rafter) ftnstf % t ^ .
scrubbing 7C"Erush without a handle,
brush "TTR^r ^ T7 !^
(wf^T ?r?i)
'
scythe A tool which has a long blade.
(TFT^) YOU cut long grass with a scythe.
tf^TT; ^TT.
seagull A bird you see by the sea.
(^Ticr) ^rgsft^ffa.

69. seed The part of a plant from which new
plants grow.
seahorse A little sea animal which
no legs and a curly tail, ^ i w f
seal
(#cT)
A large sea animal. A seal can live
on land. HtScfl.
searchlight A very big torch which can
cn^s) shine high in the sky.
seashell The hard covering of oysters
and other sea animals. Sea
shells can be found by
the sea. It is what is
left after the animal
died.
seaweed A plant which grows in the
sea. Seaweed is very slippery.
^ t 3 f f t f cTSTT ft fft t.
seat
Cto)
Something you sit on. f ^ f f.
seat belt A strong piece of material
which is fixed to the side of a
car. You fix it round you to
keep you safe. TO; ^
^TC ^ ^feft M
seesaw A long piece of wood put over a
block of wood. You can go up and
down on a seesaw. d<sd
^F ^cril fa^-ii 13M cT^T 3 3miR WW ftffl t
cM WR-il^r tlrf f.
69

70. semicircle
Half a circle. •artf^rT.
sentry A soldier standing on guard.
shampoo A liquid soap you use to
(fjrjjJ wash your hair. M ^T^
"^T cRcT "cr^Tsf.
shark A large sea fish with sharp teeth,
(rmfc) Some sharks can eat people. ^
seven The number between six and eight.
0&R) WIT : m
sewing machine
(•RTtfT TjVPn)
A machine which sews
things together. It is
much quicker than
sewing by hand. f^Tlf
70
shadow A dark patch on the ground
(ft^t) made when a person or object
gets in the way of the light.
^RTT; W i t
shawl A piece of material worn round
(Tira) your shoulders to keep you
warm. ^n<ni.
shears Very large scissors for cutting
grass. INI.
shed A wooden hut. W ^FT t ^ t H'fcldl
"RM ifRFT.
sheep An animal which gives us wool.

71. sheet A large piece of material used on
(tfte) a bed. ^n^;'WT^R'fWT^^T s^fe^
sheikh
Otos)
An arab chief. ^Rf; ^T
TjfmT.
shelf A piece of wood fixed to a wall.
( i m ) You put books and ornaments on
a shelf. 3TcTTRt ^T T<!°F WTT; TTPTR
shellfish A sea animal which has a
(ftcf shell. An oyster is a shellfish.
Tfpft 3 -^Teft "WI-TflH.
, Ht>
shepherd A person ^ h T l o o k s after
sheep. 'l-^R^I; STT^ft ^ff
w •WsMldl W T t.
shield Aflat piece of metal, wood or plastic
which you hold in front of yourself
to stop things hurting you.
^lef; ^ oTSlf 3
STN^t TT ^TIcTT t .
shirt
A large boat, ^gsft
A piece of clothing you wear on the
top part of your body. ^HI.^I.
shoe Something you wear on your feet.
(il) ^TT.
shop A place you go to when you want
to buy something.
71
ship
(ftm)

72. shorts TrousFf^wnTch come above
( ? T F & ? ) YOUR knee. 'SFAT ^ft "EJ^ff ^
W "TFTT ^TTcH t .
shoulder The part ofyour body where
your arm joins your body.
shovel A tool which is like a spade, only
bigger. WT^T; fen.
shower a little bit of rain, ^ [ m ; ITft.
{iwr)
Arm?
shower A spray of water from above.
(?TTCR) You can wash yourself in a
shower. t ^ K cFT FIR.
shrew A little animal with fur like velvet.
A shrew is very shy.
shrimp
(ftpq)
A small sea animal. FJ^t
^ % t.
A container which has a
bottom with lots of holes in
it. If you put earth in a sieve
and shake it all the earth
falls through the holes and
the stones stay in the
sieve. tfd-il; ^ e nl
signpost Writing on a piece of wood
(TTT^T1^) or metal which tells you
where to go. H i ' f ^ * WT.
silkworm A caterpillar that makes a thin
(ftrecPcrf) silk thread. ^FT °FT ^ftel.
72
silo A tall tower used to keep animal
(Tn^cTt) food in. Tlrft; f i t ""TTHeT, 3HR,
•^RI 37Tf^ qR m

73. sink
(facp)
A place in the kitchen where you
wash the dirty dishes.
krllfk«h Sflfc 3 "SFTT THt^R ^T ^
^T®3ft "3FTFF ^t ^TTcfr t.
SIX
(fftcw)
The number which comes before
seven and after five. cT^TT W
skeleton
(-HbfaeH)
All the bones in your body.
skis Two long pieces of wood. You
fasten your boots to skis when
you want to slide down the snow. cT^ft % ^ oT^ cT^ f^H ""R 3TN
ftRTcTTT^f.
skirt A piece of clothing worn by girls
and women. ^BT ^TtftRPf
w m t ^ 3 w frm t .
The bone in your head.
c"T"
SLl
skyscraper A very tall building.
(tmiiSm) "fTRcT.
sledge Something you sit on and slide
(Tota) down a hill when it is covered
with snow. ^ "SR^T f^FTT
sledge hammer A very heavy hammer
which will break a rock.
^RZFf W W d^ t 73
skipping rope A rope with a handle at
each end. You turn the
rope to skip. f ^ T ^ t

74. sleeping A warm bag^yStTsleep in
bag when you go camping.
( ^ [ f r l t q ) "SMI "51M
l -WV- <IXV' H^L kj
slide A long piece of smooth metal
(TcTT^)
you can slide down. First you
have to climb a ladder.
3f?Tcn fstf'z IcTTf^ 3 WU f^RRl
cT^^fjRT
iM'grcr
cR^fWef
sling
(f^Fl)
A piece of material you tie round
your arm and neck if you have
broken your arm. ^T "ret
cfrt F^ST ""R ^ sffi^ ^
«ff*ft "^TTcft '
slipper A soft shoe worn in the house.
^TT.
s ' u 9 A large snail without a shell.
74
smoke A kind of dirty cloud which
( • ^P) comes from a fire.
A small garden creature which
has a shell on its back. "srfaT.
snake A long thin creature with no legs.
(•Fto?) Not all snakes are dangerous.
# 7 ; ^ f .
snorkel A tube which you use if you want
(>HicfeeO to swim underwater. One end
goes in your mouth and the
other stays above the water. "^Ht
% IfflcF ^ cflcft
I^RT^T WT % W ^
3 WIT ^IcTT t CT«TT ^RT W % ^ R
f ^ f T ^ t m t .
snout
(•Hi^e)
The nose of a pig. ^t
=FT f 377 m

75. * 0
<J
snow Frozen rain. WIT; ^ ^t ^rf
Ont)
» 6 ,
0
soldier
(•^uR)
snowman A man made out of snow.
snowplough A machine which can
(•FTtTcira) Pu s h l o t s o f snow off the
road. izi^ ^T
soap Something you use with water
(^flq) when you want to get yourself
clean. W p .
A man in the army.
The bottom part of your foot or
your shoe. cTcTT; % ^T cTeT^T.
sombrero A big hat'worn by people in
(wRttf) Mexico. ^ t^rft efft ®rgt
sock Clothing you wear on your feet.
sofa A long seat which is soft to sit on. spacecraft A machine which can go up
( ^ h TfJTqE) into space. ST^rfej 75

76. spade
spaghetti Long thin pieces of white
food made from flour, eggs
and water. t f ^ f t r ^ cTSTT
3 W^t -gf&R ftpf
W=R7sTRt f .
sparrow
(•^fl)
A little brown and white bird
often seen in gardens.
M ^ q i
spear A long handle with a sharp piece
(^¥f3R) of metal at one end. A spear is
used to hurt people and ani-mals.
speedometer An instrument in a car
which tells you how fast
you are going. 'iTd^m^
^T; W f f ^ t TfcT
spider An insect with eight legs. It
catches flies in a web.
spine The bones in your back. The
(W^T) spine is made of lots of little
bones joined together, i t e ^
springboard
(ffcrowti)
The piece of wood hang-ing
over the edge of a
swimming pool. You jump
or dive off the spring-board.
cKulc1ld 3 ^ ^
^ F f k R WSU.
A tool for digging the garden.
spinning wheel
(RMR'I ^tcT)
A big wheel which is
driven by the foot to
spin wool. "sngf.
spire
( W E R )
The pointed top of a church
. f^farf: ^ f ctft ^rtet -Jn
76

77. sprinkler Something used to w&ter gaY-
( f W ^ a) dens. ^TRt fe^c^ WTT. &
O M
spur A piece of sharp metal which is
(TPTC) worn by cowboys on their boots.
Spurs are used to make the horse
30 faster. ^J^Nk
•srajorr TT^.
stadium Rows and rows of seats built
round a big space. People
watch sports in a stadium.
square A shape with four equal straight
( w f o ) sides. C|J|Uk sn^fcT.
-
stag a male deer. w fw
,—TfTT-r
-fi^sr- stage A platform where people act.
squirrel A small grey or red animal with tW^^TCTM.
a long bushy tail. A squirrel
lives in trees. PicisO.
stagecoach A large coach which was
pulled by several horses.
Stagecoaches used to
carry passengers.
MI4H114I t ^ r f f ^ ^frt ^
§ ^T«TT ^rrf^RTt ^ t ^ ^
^ ^ % ^FFf STIcft
stable (T^efcT) A house for a horse. fsSTIeT.
77

78. stairs The steps in a building for getting
up or down to the next floor.
tflfiwi.
stem The thin green part of a plant.
( ^T) The flower grows on top of the
stem. =FT cRT.
A /
stick A long thin piece of wood,
(ftep) ^ff w f t
star A bright light we see in the sky at
night. cTRT; taKT.
starfish A flat sea animal with five
(•^rcfon) arms.This makes it look like a
star, tan W l .
stomach This is like a big bag in your
v H f V ("^T^) body. The food you eat goes
^ into your stomach, "fc.
/
stone A small piece of rock.
station The place where trains stop to
pick up people and to let people
off the train. V l ' l l ^ l % ^
n^rr f.
stone The hard seed inside some fruit.
steak a thick slice of lean meat. TOT ^TT stool A little seat with no back. <n<*>s1
( ^ a ) ^t t?NTi

79. stopwatch
( WNc)|T) )
A special watch which has
a button to press when you
want it to stop. You use a
stopwatch to time races. strawberry A sweet red fruit
stream a small river. ^Ist
stork A bird with a long neck and long^
(Ttffr) legs. FIW; zffi, ^ M f
cT«lT Wf ^TcTT
A long thin piece of leather or cloth.
You use a strap to hold
things together. "*TT
% ^FT t.
stretcher A kind of bed you can carry.
injured people are carried to
an ambulance on a stretcher.
"fPTt a m i ' 'qTC^ oqfe ^
^HI-dRd ^t cTlt
submarine
( w i ^ I )
A boat which goes under-water.
H1§««ll
79
string Thick thread used for tying up
( f t ^ r ) parcels. Wit w f t.
long tube of paper or
plastic. You suck a drink
through a straw. W f ^ ^
straw
(itf)
straw Dry yellow stalks from corn
( ^ 0 3371?; W-A

80. sun
0 ( H )
^ I
The sun shines in the sky and
gives us light and heat. ^ f .
sunflower A bright yellow flower.
(TH Mh>cHici>f) Sunflowers can grow taller
than a man. ^Fspjot ^T
sunglasses Dark glasses which shade
(*H'diR-M) o u r e y e s f r o m the sun.
3 W1H 3FT W .
surfboard A long flat board you use to ride
on the waves. WRT ""K
w t m
sweet a food made from sugar, fasif;
swing A seat hanging from chains or
(fapr) ropes. You sit on the seat and
move backwards and forwards.
sword A long sharp blade with a handle
(•tfri) at one end. A sword is used for
fighting. cid=)K.
swan A large water bird with a long
( # i ) neck and webbed feet, t ^ -
80
swordfish A fish which looks as though
) it has a sword on the end of
its nose. d<n^K ^ ^Teft

81. tape recorder A machine which can
( tq Rchfi'O record sound on to plas-tic
tape. This machine
can also play the sound
back. 3TFTFT "HT^ cf^FT
table A piece of furniture with a flat top
(t^cf) and four legs.
tadpole A very young frog or toad,
(tsqtcf) ^ ^ ^
tail
(to.)
which
sticks out at the back.
tambourine
( t ^ T )
A small kind of drum
which rattles when you
shake it. ^ w t ;
tank A very heavy car made from spe-cial
metal. There are guns in a
tank.
tanker
(pm)
A ship which can carry oil or other
liquids. cRcT w J % ^ n f c ^
tap You turn a tap to make water run
out. ^ToT.
tangerine A small
orange.
tart A small piece of pastry with jam or
fruit in the middle. ^t

82. taxi A car that you have to pay to ride
(tcRfl) in. ^ ^K.
ten The number between nine and
("^T) eleven.
tent A house made out of material and
kept up with poles. cP^
teeth The hard bones in your mouth.
(£[sj) You can bite food with your teeth.
^ 3TfSfcFT ^tcf.
telephone
telescope
'tfcTWfa)
television
An instrument you speak
into. It carries your voice
through electric wires
to someone far away.
Something which makes
objects far away look much
nearer.
An instrument which is able
to bring pictures and sound
through the air from
a long way away.
You can see these
pictures when you
switch on.
tentacle A long bendy arm. An octopus
has eight tentacles. FTm^i;
fsrrr tte % m M ^T qFT
*Ft STTfc ^ SiTRcfT
tepee A Red Indian tent which goes up
to a point. cT^.
test tube A thin glass container which
is open at one end. H«sn<ril.
82

83. thermometer
(anrMfe?)
An instrument used for
finding out what your
temperature is when you
are ill. dlHHIM=b
thermos
(apfa)
thimble
("farmer)
throne A special kind of seat for kings (sfa) and queens. TR Hh^I-HH.
thrush A bird which sings. It has a
(«Ri) speckled breast. ^Tft^T; W w f t
thorn A sharp point which grows on
some plants and trees, ^rfel;
three The number between two and
(sft) four, ^t sfk ^TK % ^ M I :
thumb The short thick finger you have
on each hand.
ticket A small piece of paper you get
(fefoe) when you pay to ride on a bus or
tie A strip of material which you wear
round your neck under the collar of
your shirt. ^ 3 ^fepf ^loft
Zlt
83
A container which keeps things
hot. ciTWIFft ^cfa; ^ ^cfa
A small metal or plastic cover
which protects the top of your
finger when you are sewing.
3 M ^ t ^fT krllfw^ ^ t
3 •qf^m t.
thistle
(fsmel)
A plant which is prickly. ^T
IHTT.

84. tiger A fierce animal like a big striped
cat. ^rfal.
toad An animal like a frog. A toad lives
on the land most of the time.
TT fiTerm-^RTr Tfretf wn
toast Bread which you have cooked so
(•efts) it is golden brown on both sides.
SFTRf cfct 3TFT ipr ^ tzt.
toes The parts of your body on the end
("styi) of your feet. %
torn torn A drum which you beat with
your hands. ^FTT^T; 1 W ; ^ T
^vCf •^fer ^ WWII
W I t . '
tongs A tool used to pick up things.
(^TvH) t w i.
tooth
(5*0
One of your teeth.
toothbrush A small brush for scrub-bing
your teeth. ^fcT M
A special paste for clean-ing
your teeth. You put the
toothpaste on your tooth-brush.
^fcT WTi " ^ f % f^Pt
W "nt^fT ^ s f t ^ s^T "qr
WTT ^ TRtn f^TT ^TIcTT t .
tongue
(cPl)
A thick piece of flesh inside your
mouth. Your tongue moves when
you talk and eat.
tooth paste
tomato
84
A red juicy vegetable. ZWI.

85. towel A cloth for drying yourself when
(•erasic?) you have washed. dlRi^ii.
toreador A man who fights bulls. "Ffa %
tortoise An animal which walks very
slowly. It has a thick shell on its
back. cFtfsn.
toucan A bird with bright feathers and a
(^R) very big beak. cTRt sfa
tractor A farm vehicle with big back
wheels. A tractor can pull heavy
things. 3 "Spgw f f i ^TcTT
W t ; pRX.
trailer Something on wheels which can
(s^rc) be pulled by a car or lorry. ^rfT TI
ZToft WT "SRT ^TTcft t . 85
torch
(*W)
light you can carry about and
switch on and off. ^t ^TI
tower a tall building, ^ r t ^JKcT; TTftR;

86. trapeze A short bar hung between two
ropes. You swing on a trapeze.
train A lot of carriages pulled by an
(t5*) engine. cPTT5t.
tramp A person with no home who
( I f r ) walks from place to place. ^FT
"^t cTeTRT 3 cTRt ^cT W ^ ^
tray A flat
( t ) metal.
piece of wood, plastic or
You carry plates and cups
on a tray. mcj sts-m eT^t
^FT STTofl".
trap Something you catch things in.
tree A large plant with a trunk and
( $ ) leaves, "fe;
trench a long narrow ditch. ^FFT $
^en^ % fcTo; . ^ ^ ^
triangle A shape with three sides.
tricycle A cycle with three wheels.
(gsRi^d) finf^rr -Hi^d.
trampoline A piece of strong material
(t^Tc^R) stretched over a metal frame.
You can jump up and down
on a trampoline. i^T %PT

87. triplets Three children born to the
same mother at the same
time. "STO % ^lef
tripod Three metal legs joined at one
( f l j i fu) end. You can put a camera on a
tripod. fcHlf; ^Tf
^ r "5ft % ^FT 3TRTI t .
trombone
(^rwm)
A musical instrument.
trousers A piece of clothing which
(^rayrtf) covers your legs. Mdeji. .
trumpet a musical instrument. <pt; ^ M T
trunk The main part of a tree. ^T
<**) CRT.
T-shirt An o shc oirltl a rwith short sleeves and - ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
tuba A very big musical instrument.
trout A fish which lives in rivers.
tugboat A small strong boat which can
f^iefte) PuN other boats. 3PT ^ f f ^
"SITcft RIcf. 0_
o /

88. - v >
tunnel A passage built under the
(^ra) ground. "yr>T; ^tT.
turban A long scarf you wind round and
( ^ T ) round your head. "TT^; WfiT.
turkey A large bird we often eat at
(^cff) Christmas, s f r ^ t Wl "q^r
Wt.
turnip A white round hard vegetable
OsPfa) which grows under the ground.
WFT.
turtle A turtle has a shell. It lives on
land and in water. Trg^t
88
tusks Long pointed teeth that some
animals have at the sides of
their mouths. Ffsft =FT R+CHI
i|3TT
twig a very small branch of a tree. <JST
twins Two children who are born at the
( f ^ n ) same time to the same mother.
T^^cJT "^T; "Q^" TTI«T ^
two The number between one and
("?) three.
typewriter A machine which prints let-
( ^ t i ^ T ^ ) ters when you press the
keys. z ^ T w .

89. V ^ /
umbrella Something you hold over
(sntcn) your head to keep off the rain.
underpass A road which goes under a
(a-^MhH) bridge or another road. "J^T
% TJjinft W f t ^PF.
unicorn A pretend animal that looks
(<jPitbM) something like a horse with a
horn sticking out of the middle
of its head. ftR % sfto 3 "QcF
"flf7! cfMT cbfcrMd "^frS!
vacuum cleaner A machine which
picks up dirt from the
floor, sj^r ^t
van A car with no windows at the back,
(to) A van can be large or small. ^ F t f f
W t
vase A container for flowers.
(to!)
vertebra One of the small bones in
(cr^sf) your back, f te ^ =FT
89

90. volcano A mountain with a hole in the
(JlHcbHl) top. Sometimes hot ash comes
out of the hole, ^ i c i i ^ l .
waiter A man who serves food in a
restaurant. Tf "^R
- q r i ^ w t ^cF.
violin A musical instrument with
(<jTqicR) Strings. WTt.
waistcoat
(t^cpte)
A coat without sleeves. ^FKJ^; f^RT sfT^^T
vulture
(WtR) 90
A large bird which eats dead
animals.
waitress A woman who serves food in
a restaurant. ^Whm-4 3 ^ R
wall Something built of bricks or
(<rra) stones. Houses have walls. cffaR.
vest A piece of your clothing you wear
(faz) next to your skin. sff^TH.

91. wallet
(cnfacT)
wallpaper
(cfict ^fa^)
walnut A nut with a hard shell, smfe.
(clTcHHri)
walrus
(cffeRTt)
A small case for holding your
money. ®rg3TT; ^ f t .
Paper with a pattern on it
used to cover walls. ^faTC ^TC
wfi tMMdl W R .
An animal which looks like a
seal but it is larger. A walrus has
two tusks, w ^ ^mf ^mt ^rgsft
•^tei. - »•
wand A thin stick used by a magician.
warehouse A very large building. All
kinds of things are kept in a
warehouse before they go
to the shops. WFTkm.
washing
machine
(cTlf^FT
A machine for washing clothes, ^
wasp An insect which can sting you.
(cTFFqr) cft^ri;
• O J
waste paper A basket kept in a house
basket or office. You throw your
(frrefrre *nR-che) rubbish in this basket.
-eft watch Something you wear to tell you
wardrobe A large cupboard to keep waterfall Lots of water falling from a
( c n ^ ) your clothes in. ^ f t w t ^ t (cn^wra) high place. W l .

92. weasel A small animal with a long
(<fmor) neck. A weasel eats snakes
and rabbits. ^HHcK
^ff ^ffq cT«TT W T f t T H M t.
wheel A circle made of wood or metal.
Cars have four wheels. They go
round and make the car
move. Tf^TT.
w h ' P A strap with a handle.
whiskers "rich grow on a
man's face. ^
whiskers Hairs which grow out of the
sicJe of a cat's or a dog's
face. fTcf ^TT f M t ^ t i f ^.
weather-cock Two pieces of metal in
cpTcf>) the shape of a cross. A
CD ^ T x weather-cock blows
j f v j f t w round in the wind and
^ J ^ T shows you which way
jT w'nc* i s blowing.
f^TT ^MT
whale A large animal which lives in the
( ^ 0 sea. slfcT ®r| 37R5H Tp^ft.
whistle
( f ^ r a )
Something you blow to make a
high sound, f f ^ .
wig
( f t r )
Hair which you put on over your
own hair, -i<*>cnl «nel.
wigwam
( f o f r r) A kind of tent, M ^ti
92
A kind of grain. Flour is made
from wheat, ^ff.

93. willow A tree which has branches
(•fcTeft) which bend over. ^RT "3FI " fe
J t I
windmill A machine which is worked by
the wind. TO w t .
window A hole in the wall of a building,
(fcfel) Glass covers the hole . Rsi-s^l
wing The part of the body of birds and
(fcR) insects which moves. The wings
are used for flying. "TO.
wishbone A bone in the front of a
(•ffcrefa) chicken. ^ 3TFt ^ t ^ f t.
witch A woman who is supposed to be
(ft*?) magic, ^ l ^ i w l.
wizard A man who is supposed to be
(fer^) magic.
wolf A wild animal which looks like a
dog. fen.
woodpecker
( f g ^ O
A bird which uses its
beak to make a hole in a
tree.
worm A long thin animal with a soft
(^nf) body and no legs. f ^ T ; "^ftel.
wren
m
A very small
M ^ n .
w f cfTeft
93

94. x-ray A photograph which shows
( t t c p k - ^ ) what the inside of your body
looks like, "mft % ^T "Q^RT-Xftt.
xylophone A row of thin pieces of wood
(vdijciUfrH) which make a sound when
you hit them. <n=b«1 % "js^rf
®fRT; ehlKdi^l ( ^<rlcKJl 3
yacht A boat with sails. cfcT "^ref^ W f t
yak An animal like an ox with long
hair. fcISRT ^T cT^ ^Teff ^TeTT
yellow A colour. Daffodils are yellow,
( ^ r t ) ""TtcTT iTT.
0
yo-yo A toy which spins up and down
(ift—ift) on a string. ^f ^T^
clTcTr f W h l .
zebra A wild animal with black and
(Titer) white stripes. Zebras come from
Africa, a r s ta
AOO^
zip Something which fastens two bits
(fvN) of material together. sfcfT "9T
f^Ff smcTT =FT ^qoh<u|.
zoo A place where wild animals are
(vsjj kept so that people can look at
them. fafeW; "SFTt ^WlcW; w i t
^JH.

96. acting ^ JH
( W O Jf
bouncing ^jeRT
(dM'RHl)
baking ^TT
brushing -pf ^TT ^FTT
(cTWi)
balancing ^felcT ^TTT
(tctf^T)
batting G^M!
blowing ^ TITRT
building -qcR ftrjfur
(Hjf^T)
burning STFT^T^RT

97. chopping
( * T )
^ T t l f ^ T ;
i
cleaning ^ p^
(cRfrf^hi) /^Gfj*;
climbing ^ T T O ^ T CR^T
Carving er^st "TT Tc^R t r ^HT
chasing Tfter c r ^ / (creiisR'i)
97

98. combing
(cptfinT)
crashing cpt z^n; ^RT
(frfcm)
cooking
crossing
(flftftpi)
counting
(eblviPe*!)
WTT ^FIT y
cutting
98

99. dancing ^ c f^
^ F T tlf^L
dressing
( t f f r r)
digging ^ j f ^RT
(ftflto) drinking ift^tfsRTT
diving (^T^m) %fiwipn
drawing wm
driving
(llff^T)
WT
T - M U I ft 1
99

100. eating ^HT
emptying ^^fj- ^ ^ fsPTT
falling j f t frRTTT
(T?frfeFT)
fighting ^ ^
(TPT^feri)
100
filming ^r-pci^ui
(ftrf^FT)
filling
(foftrc)
cRT ^FT
fishing q ^ f t H^Hl
floating Tjpft xpr ^ ^ ^
flying z^fi
(tcHI^'l)

101. hitting ^ ^ r t f r ^ ^t f^TT
galloping ^ i t f w ^ ^ ^ f e w
hoeing ^ ^ ^
hanging ^R^pn T)
helping ^ i ^ n ^ n
(tfc^l)
hopping i ^ i f t ^ ^
hugging
(-#TT)
3HlRriJH ^TT,
i
hiding f ^ f^
101

102. icing ^ H t ^ t w ^ n fc
ironing (3tT?#Fr)
w, ^ f t s^'ll ^ ' I' « ^
itching
juggling
(vHMlcHJl)
d'lldk
cTSJT
W ^ f ^ t fsRI
T N
jumping ^ ^ w f f ny
102

103. kicking efRT 3 tir^ ^ t ^n
( f t i f a l ) knitting ^T ^TFf
kneeling ^ f f % ^
( ^ m ) O o
0 o ° o
knocking <^dMi WW2RT
(^finr) 103
kissing r3pR
(fcftpr)

104. laughing listening
(OTTFFINT)
l i c k i n g W^T
(fcrffrn)
loading ^ ^ T
(cftf^tT) „
lying ( c ^O
m n ^ r
"^t f ^ tT
104

105. marching ^ ^TT; ^ 3 W ftelFR
mending TT^T^XT ^TTT
moving eft fg^T
105
measuring
Wn^TTTFRT
milking (PiIWi'i) ^f
mixing
( f t f t f R)
fwmz(/ -
to
melting pMMdHI

106. packing ^ ^ picking ^ -Q^ cfrir^LgT ^NRT
paddling ^
(^TsfcFT)
playing ^ ^
NlFT) /
painting ij]
ploughing ^ ^ ^ ^
( ^ N ^ T ) TM^RT
P i l i ng
OftfcFT)
106

107. polishing ^TTHT ^Tf ^FT^FTT
(MiTeiRi'l)
praying
(*pT)
pumping Tpo}-^^
posting x^-xrfz^i i f xj^ s ^ f i eft f ^ r
(tffcrq)
pouring x ^ ^ ^ T w f
pushing ^ ^T zu q%eHT
queuing (^J^t) "STfcTSTI cfR^ "p; i f e 3 ^TT "qfw W1HI
'l07

108. racing 3 ^ ^ ^ c^
(^ftrn)
raining ^rf ^n
Ml
»1 I t
reading x ^ j -q^
( # 1 )
WfT
rescuing p^TT c^rt ^ 3 ^ p^
rocking
^ f f ""R % V
STFt
rolling (^ftm) ^WTT
rowing ( ^ 1 ) ^TT &

109. sailing ^ ^ ^FHT
( ^ F l )
109
shaving
f^TTT)
sawing (^FT)
i
3TRT ^
w^rr
scrubbing
(wfehrj)
w g ^ f j f l
HT^HI _
sewing
(^PT)
shivering (RmRji) ^ f $ -sfM ^ t t^Tf
'shooting t M ^IHT
( ^ T ) 'ZTTtWTT
WIHT

110. shopping m ^ i fl
sitting ^
(fofibT) flF^T
skating M
fasfSr) HFZTT ((
sleeping
sliding ^TFf "qi ftbUet} f ^T
( f e f r ^ T)
singing Tjpcpr
J M E l l _ _ _ _
110
smelling if«f ^T ^FTT
tofePl)

111. smoking
OpflffrT)
o ° sweeping
T2TTC
swimming (farfcn) tn^t; ftorr
snowing ( ^ r i ) fenmd
spinning
(ftqpR)
f T H T ^ W J
swinging ^ F n/
(•Rsff^PT) jfyZ
stroking
N l f t n i)
111

112. threading
(dftto)
•gf 3 WIT fqf^n
touching ^ f ^
throwing ^ to
typing z ^ l ^TRT
112

113. winding ^ snfc 3 ^TMt WTRT
walking ^ ^pn
OflHfi)
wrapping T^FM 3 R ^ T
(Wn) f**"V-^v^V
washing
(cfrftPT) o
writing (^fcri)
fRTsRT
amL
watching KTH^
(•EFFF^RL)
yawning
( ^ F T )
watering "3®TRTt #TT
(^fef^T)
"qpft
zipping
"^FR "^TT
^ r oft
i N k
"SRI ^
^FRT
weighing
^RT^T
fsRT
113

114. / COLOURS
Azure
Orange ^raft
Black (e^fcp) chiHi
Blue (ce^) -Tldl
Purple (^ntcT) el'i-fl
Brown (sii^h) ^
R o s y ( ^ ) ijoneft
Dusky xylciTi
Red (^5) ^ra
Grey(^t) ^
Saffron (whr) itmf^n
Golden (^iWh) •yn^i
Scarlet (^K^d) did
Green (ifR) l^r
Violet (cim^d)
Lemon (eWR) ?ic«H tfldi
Vermilion (ciffioH)
Maroon (i}*H) ^urt^
White (c^i^e)
Mauve (•#?) ydi^
Yellow (^fat)
DAYS, MONTHS AND SEASONS
1. DAYS
Monday
Tuesday ( e ^ ^ ) j-hmcin
Wednesday (^-v)-^) ^stcn
Thursday (aref%)
Friday (ibi^) yjshciK
Saturday ("ftd^t) ttRrtr
Sunday ( t r ^ ) ^Tctr
2. MONTHS
January vHHci^
February (%®R3fft)
March (irr^) ttt^
April (3tRTc^)
May("fl)
J u n e ( ^ ) ^
July(^eii4)
August (3flW) ST^Rd
September (ip&zR) ftRF^R
October (sftcfetcR)
November (^P^r) w^rc
December (f^^Hv)
3. SEASONS
Autumn (affe^r) Md^-d
Spring (fern) ew-iti
Summer ( w )
Rainy season (^-rflyH) «N«Hid
Winter (Rl-xi'i)
TIME
Second (^Rh-^)
Minute ( 1 ^ )
Hour(3TTcR) XIU5T
Day(t)
Dawn(^H) vliNlchlcH, TJTTd
Morning (nTPi'i) ura:
Forenoon (^Ty-jn) cian
Noon (^T) ^tf?
After-noon (snw^-^i) ^rq?? ^
Dusk(^-cb) TTEin
Evening (s^Phi) TTFt
> Qi
Night (Hi^d)
Mid-night WTCTft
Week «hhi*
Fortnight (ihT^Hi^d) q^cii^i
Month (tfst)
Quarter )
Half year (fro ar^cri
Year(^3R) cpf
Decade (Rsi-d) ^crf
Century ( ^ f l ) tfl (yidi«fl)
Millennium (R^Pwh) cui J
4 ) /

115. s ANIMALS AND THEIR BODY PARTS
Antelope (^<h1m)
Ass (^a) Titn
Ape (Tyq)
Ant-eater
Bear frs
Bitch (for)
Buffalo («iWt)
Bull (fa)
Boar
Cow (<pj£) ^TRJ
Cat (fcE) fipff
Colt (cbW)
Calf ( w )
Camel vfe
Dog (^ft) f rn
Deer •f^HJ]
Donkey ^mr
Elephant
Ewe
Fox (^TERT) dlni)
Fawn (tJjR)
Frog ( M l)
Giraffe (fircro)
Goat (Tfts)
Horse (^rtf) xfrsi
Hippopotamus
Hare (%3R) •is! >i h VI
Hound (Fra^s) Rlcbl^ <frTT
Hind
Hoof (^p) w
Hyena (^isHi)
Jackal (^pm) R-WK
Kitten ( f t ^ ) fapfl cfcl cj-cc||
Kid (firs)
Kangaroo (^rs)
Lamb (efa)
Lion (eTT*H)
Leopard (ett^)
Monkey ("R^t)
Mouse (Trravfr)
Mule (^zjci)
Mare (*T*rc)
Mole ("tfra)
Musk-rat ( i w - ^ )
Mongoose ( H H ' J « I)
Ox (affcRi)
Pig ( f i r)
Porcupine (mo^Mi^n)
Pony (tfnft)
Panther
Puppy (^off)
Rabbit
Rhinoceros
Rat fte)
Ram (^T)
Stag (I^T)
Spaniel (^Pi^d)
Sire
Sheep (Vffq)
Squirrel (^rihci)
Swine (w^t)
Tail (tor)
Tiger
Wolf (f?P)
Yak (^ra)
Zebra (TifcRT)
<S5>—
•Rii
W
^ r f i
smfraR^r
^cjefl
1J3R
^flcTI
ftc^TT
^iTSl
wi^fWi
MvHHch ^Ffte
•garfr
w r i t e r

116. f BIRDS, WOTHRMEISR, IBNOSDEYC TPSA, RRTESP TILES &
Bat (He)
W K
Bee ( f l)
Beak(frcp)
T&rfa
Beetle ( t o )
'J^ell
Cuckoo
cPtJTcT
Bug («R)
Cock(cPTcp)
•yrf
Butterfly (cR^r t f ^ )
Cygnet (fim^e)
FH cPT ^WI
Body-lice
^iftcR
Crow(tPt)
Boa («ften)
3KJR?
Chicken (f*njR)
Crocodile (fptcpter^ci)
Crane (?»R)
Cobra (^CRT)
cPTcTT 7TR
Duck (^P)
Conch (cpfa)
Dove(^g)
Crab (%ej)
itnp^T
Cricket (fipifre)
Drake (^pp)
eftT® (^R)
Cocoon (<bl<&H)
Duckling ( ^ O H I )
cTfRg-gFi crsn
Earth worm (arafa^)
^7R "cm <pt3TT
Eagle ( t 7 ^ )
Eel(^cr)
Egg (-^T)
3TSI
Fish (%?T)
Feather (T^T)
Fire-fly ( w r w ^ )
Weft
Goose (T|VH)
Frog (TPFF)
Hen (^r)
Fly ( w ^ )
•RcRff
Heron
"cTTTcTT
Flea
Hawk ( # p)
Fangs
Kite (<PT?e)
Grasshopper (UTO#R)
fefT
Lark
Hood { f s)
TJR
Magpie ("<HT^)
Honey-bee ( F f t ^ t)
TiJ^tRsfl
N e s t ( ^ e )
K n a u r ( ^ i ^ j )
Nightingale (HI^'ICI)
Louse (cTFTfT)
W
t
Ostrich (anfr^O
Leech (#xj)
uffcp
Parrot
LoCUSt (dlcM-d)
tfren
Lizard (fcHvii)
Partridge (^nf^i)
i?m
ffrqcpcft
Mosquito (wHctflel)
Pea-hen Oft^r)
N i t ( f t c)
Pigeon (ft^R)
tpfcTC
Oyster (afl^y-e^)
Peacock
"#7
Poison ( W H O H )
Pheasant
Snail
"ErfETT
Quail (tcra)
cr^r
Spider (w^s?)
Raven (^3R)
Shark (TTT£)
Swallow (TCTTCTI)
H6I-SI 'cfttOT
Scorpion ( ^ R f t s n)
"fcRJ
Sparrow (^fct)
Silk-worm
tPT ^TfT
Stork
f ^
Snake (^<P)
Vulture (cioxR)
Tadpole ( ^ n l d)
Wing (for)
Turtle ( z ^ i )
Weaver-bird (%Rcpg)
Termite (c^Hi^d)
Wood-pecker
Wasp (cfRq)
^TTT
^fep cpT cT5n
<PT53TT
^RcP
cTctal, frs
<m>

117. CRIES OF BIRDS, ANIMALS AND INSECTS
Ape (Tjq) ePJ* gibber, Rh«r
Ass (^ft) w bray, t
Bear (%5R) growl, iJMd
Bee (ft) "R^RcRfr hum, i r
Bird TTlft chirp,
Bull (fci) Tfrs bellow, teft
Camel (%rh) grunt, Tfe
Cat mew, ^
Cattle ( t o ) TRJ low, eft
Jackal ("wTcpToi) 'Tk-s! howl, £In4><H
Fly (ifcHisO R<Nsh buzz or hum, ens^friR
Fox (r?Tcrt) eftR^t yelp, ^tcR
Frog (TPtT) iideb croak, tfito
Goose (^Jp?) chd^ cackle, ^bcbcH
Goat (ife) elch^ bleat, ^ te
Hawk (ffe) scream,
Hen (^r) cackle,
Horse (^Rt) tfrsr neigh, 3
Owl (arre^O ^ hoot,
Ox (arfrrr) tc! low, bellow, cit, teft
Kitten ( t t o ) foeftdT mew ^
Lamb (eta) ^RHI bleat ^ fe
Lark (etr^) cTcTT "R^t sing fttR
Lion (cTRR) •RT? roar tR
Mouse ("RFTH) w squeak <w><5tcb
Monkey ("Reft) gibber or chatter
Nightingale
(Hispid)
Cock (c^icp)
Cow (Wv3)
Crow (sPt)
Dog(^TR)
Dove ( ^ f)
Duck Ostp)
Eagle (^Ref)
Elephant (TJHJP^)
Parrot
Peacock (^^W)
Pigeon
Pig ( f i r)
Puppy (tptft)
Serpent ( W F T S )
Sheep (Vta)
Snake
Sparrow
|cifei warble
yrf
^rra
f rn
WW
cTOT
"Erra
tfRTT
tfrc
W ^ T R
TRR
mm
Squirrel (*SPW<H) RIH*^
Swan ("*3h)
Tiger (dT^K) ?R
Vulture (<JCTER) Pr^
Wolf (p«p) item
crow sPt
low eft
caw
bark
coo ^
quack c j^
scream ^a?fR
trumpet ^f&re
talk dte
scream
coo ^
grunt
yelp 3CR
hiss ^
bleat
hiss f^e
chirp or twitter
^ 7T f^cic;*
squeak
Cackle
growl or roar
yivici 'JIT
scream "raStR
howl fFJcl
YOUNG ONES OF ANIMALS
Ass ("^r)
Bear(tare)
Cat )
Cow(^rrg)
Deer (-feTR) •ft^m
foal wtcf
cub cFk(
kitten foeR
calf/heifer
fawn R>tR
Dog ("str) f rn puppy •R^t ("ft^l)
Duck (Ifcp) eM<£l duckling -dchfclR
Frog (p>hT) »tdch tadpole
Goat(Tfm) kid fcfrg
FOX (TftcRT) cflRit cub cfKf
<11 Z>

118. Goose (TJH) chd^H
Hare (%?) 1
Hen (pi)
Horse (?Rf) ^Wt
Lion (eTRH) ^R
gosling ^fRrfchr
leveret mra?
chicken faefR.^gpn
COlt
cub epg
Sheep ^ lamb
Swan (WR) cygnet R-ni-k
Tiger (drfrR) ^tcTi cub cfR
Wolf (fe^) irfom cub ^
Sow ( # ) tttct^stcpiglet foTete
SOUNDS
Beating of drum cJlol eft <H|c||j)
Blowing of bugle fojcf eft 3)|c||vH
Booming of gun dlM m d-ejeb eft JKvH
Chattering of teeth ^TRTt % eMcfcs!^ eft
STRIuT
Clapping of hands eUfcH'Ul eft M^'Ml^d
Crackling of fire-wood debtee ^ eft
Clanging of arms ffaniRt eft WRT?5
Clanking of hooves kfl^ cb dlMl eft ^NN
Cracking of a whip efc!-S eft yn^ilfc;
Creaking of shoes vjjril eft tKH*l?ic:
Din of a crowd ehl eftdl^cH
Exploding of bomb dHl eb ft^ci eft
Flapping of wings TR3t eft l|»s!l|>.!!|*ci
Hissing of steam THT % lefRtf "treTR ^r
Plehd^ eft atlcll.vH
Jingling of coins Rlsbf eft ^-KsH
Knocking of a door
Pattering of rain or hail
Rattling of wheels
Reporting of an explosion
Ringing of bell
Rustling of leaves
Splash of water
Stamping of feet
Whistling of wind
Thundering of lightning
Ticking of clock or watch
Tinkling of bell
Banging of a door
^cjijil ft
MdMril^e
itf^ ft 3ncTTMT
RlW^cleb cp
eft STRTTyf
eft dHdHl^d
eft
"q^cp^ ancriMf
RVJ)<MI "qi efReT ^t
wrsr^s
efi? (^chfScb cP^I
^ ^ f t ^
cJVcJI.^ ift
DWELLING AND PLACES
(A) Persons
Convict (cpPcick;)
King (lefTr)
Knight ( ^ s )
Lunatic (efffep)
3PRTSJt
TTTHT
HOMES
Homes
prison (fiJjiR)
palace (^Ri)
mansion
asylum (sRrrfcm)
^Tcl, cPRFTR
TRcPlft ^cH (Yrai eft fct^l)
MMIeKslHI
<118>

119. Monk ("Rep)
Officer (affftRR)
Nun (^R)
Parson (RRfa)
Peasant (^FS)
Person (R^T)
Prisoner (tPTiFR)
Soldier (^ICTSR)
(B) Creatures
Dog (^!R)
Horse (#tf)
Mouse (TTT^H)
Spider (w^s?)
Pig (ftr)
FOX(VTCRT)
Lion (eff?R)
Owl (3R3Td)
Wolf(fdP)
Hen (%R)
RdclKfl
^TfrR
•sfngr
(A) Games
Badminton, Tennis, Volley-ball
^•dfandH, tf^RT, "EIT^cfra
Cricket
Gymnastics (RH*HR<icb)djiiiiHi*M<Hi
Racing (^FI)
Wrestling (•fcafePT)
Boxing («iif^i-iR)
Foot-ball (^ddid)
Hockey (?Tc£[)
Horse-race (IRJ
Swimming (R^IPHR)
Judo (TSJ^T)
monastery (4H*d?l)
bungalow (ehrat)
convent (wNto)
parsonage (MK^VJI)
cottage (W^R)
house (^re^r)
c e l l a r )
barrack
Homes
kennel (ctRd)
stable
hole (ltd)
web (era)
s t y ( ^ )
burrow (^r)
den ("&R)
tree hollow (^1
lair (eR)
coop(^q)
PLACES
H?de)ld
•ffeft
eT^r vHIMI^
Where played
c o u r t s
pitch ft^i
gymnasium
track
arena arfFn
ring #R
field R?fds
field RStes
race-course
pool TJeT
field mati^W^s
cTRdT
" R3
MMRai)' WT SRSTR
"J?
^rfTER, c j j ^ l l d l
3R?TRd, y^^ld
t^fd
" J R R , "RTC
•ypi, Tffe
•jrr, "RT?
^^gt^T, cFT WT?

120. A (B) Things
Aeroplane ( ^ c R )
Fruit tree
Grape (Tfa)
Motor-car w?)
Cloth (cfcffai)
Grain (ifa)
Curios (^jfoito)
Passenger luggage
at railway station
Dead Body (^s^rffl)
(C) Creatures
Birds
Birds and animals
Wild or strong animals
Kids (fossr)
(D) Things
Picture ( F T I R)
Play
Film ('frcq)
Rubbish (7ftf?r)
Water for the
supply of a town
WITH
Wf cjST
3PJ?
"Rt^ cPR
cCTfl
3Rra
^PdT eft ftem -ER^
^cfet TR ^ t
tPT TTRR
TR 7T?R
Tiafl ^an XHRCR
XiR^IXHRcR
cRi?R
rMRlol
"?T!R fcltj TTF?!
f^RRTJl
Weapons or Ammunition 3R5I-7R3
( ^R "5T Q^PlSMH)
Young plants(?rn ^areri)
Wares (t^n)
(E) Things
Beer («Starc)
Brick (f?ra>)
Flour
Manufactured Goods
Articles (3TTfep^f)
Leather goods
ftifft ^ j ^ r ra
xjft ^ft mra
•^RffcrRT ^Rcjtj
PmfRld cR^j
cPT WTR
Where stored
aerodrome (^f^R)
orchard
vineyard (cii^Ani)
garage
wardrobe
granary ("ifaft)
museum
cloakroom (cfdtcp^R)
3ffl
WT
3PJ? vJSJR
•ile^n-s} ctR^f ^Pl ^SJR
^PTt "Eft 3teRTfl
3RM *P5R
3RR^t "7TRR "ER
cemetery (•ftfad^) ^ftlR^R
Where kept
cage ftfercT
zoo (v^) RlRWI -er
menagerie (SMVHR)
nursery (^Rfft) Ri^iidi
Where kept
art gallery ^PdT^tef
theatre ( t a r ^ ) wra, ^midi
cinema-hall ("fcFtar i?Td) ftFmT IR
filth depot ("PfrceilM)
water-works,
water-reservoirs ^diyw
(cJTS^ ^jRCTR)
arsenal (31k4h<h)
nursery (^^ffT)
godown
Where made
brewery (^Jfff)
kiln (fo^T)
mill ("PTCT)
factory
workshop (CI&SMN)
tannery (t^rfr)
TOPTR
tffyyiidi
TRra ^ft
CPT ^
^ r f ^ ^ f t ^ f t
t
ct>K<s)Ml uTFf^ cR^tj cRT^
xm^l | cl TRTIR ^ft XiTT^ |
^ft cR^ cRT^f cpT
cbK<slHI
< f 2 0 >

121. Paper
Bread ($rs)
Films
Food
Iron goods (OT^R^T^)
Money ("T^t)
Ships (-ftTO)
Cloth (-Efcffsj)
Medicine ( A^IRH)
WTyf
vgraxRisJ, ifK^H
efrt WT WRH
£R, "gST
afrafa
mill (ftd)
bakery (tcpff)
studio ( ^ i i l )
kitchen (f^R)
smithy (ftqsft)
mint (fare)
dockyard (^tovri)
mill (ftef)
pharmacy ( f i W )
<t>K<tS)MI
YThfER
rich^M
Trgtfl uT^iuff ^
chK^HI
(F) Place
Creche (tPrr)
Primary/Nursery school
(•mfRfl/^ft T^eT)
Middle school
High School (Fl^r^t)
College (cblfdvH)
University (^flciRj^)
Dispensary (f^rafr)
Nursing Home (^Tf^T "^tr)
Lodge (cffrr)
Hostel/Boarding
House (^RScT/cfrf^n fTvJTi)
Club (cRTO)
Airport ( w ^ )
Bus stop (^ra
PTajt^cP "f^reiTera
"fTTEJfftcP R^JMiJ
H^lfasUlcHAI
3flW?RI
Rl&oHMil
iJlBwT cfitfcTRFl
•CR d f ^ l cPT
WHNKH
Purpose
Day nursery for children when their
parents are at work.
A school where
young children are taught.
Where middle classes are taught.
A school for studies upto Matric.
An institution for studies in
higher education.
Highest institution for higher studies of
all subjects.
A small medical unit for treatment of
patients.
Hospital specially for intensive care.
A place where visitors from out-stations
stay.
Where students stay during their studies
or training period,
w t e ht A place of various types of recreations
HHIVVHH and amusements like dancing,
6R? ^cfT^ cpj
Railway Station
X
music playing etc.
A cleared and levelled place where aircraft
can take off and land.
Where buses stop to take and drop
passengers.
Where trains stop to take and drop
passengers.
< 1 2 1 >

122. X SCHOOLS & COLLEGES
Primary School
fcraTeRJ
Middle School ^d) TT]t3jftcP Rlilldil
(MI^H^I
College (cft^) H^ifct^llcHil
Higher Secondary
XTEERR TTiarftcP
Student ( ) "Prensfl
School (iTJR Tfcfr^sfl f^el)
"fcreiTera
Professor (TfrtRR)
Admission (Q-dftsu)
Headmaster TOHTEZJNcP
Teacher (-£RR)
3MM, fllSRP
Library ( d i ^ ) ^-dchlcHiJ
Lecturer
Tnran
Playground (T^rrm^)
Principal (fMPra)
TJ£IMMl4
Competition (c£)Pm[^h) UlrliflPldl
Office (affftRT)
cblilicHiJ
Expulsion (^cKHMcyn) P)M>KHH
Sports ( w ^ )
Promotion (mt?R) Discipline (RSRHRHH)
Mcflsllci, M'lfcl
3FJ?TRR
Prospectus (TRttra^)
•fctcRUJ J^Rdcbl
Attendance "^TRarflf
Distinction (teRticren)
Degree f§T«TT TFfM ^
Certificate
UHIUIMtI
Identity Card
Inspection
•Rrftsm
SUBJECTS
English (sj'ifayi)
Sanskrit (7r<ft) "*r<Jk!
Urdu ,3$
Geography (xsrRnft) ^j^tTd
Mathematics (%rirfoRr)
Geometry ^st Tiftra
Science (Tn^JTRi) ftsTH
Chemistry (ipfrf^) w h ?tr5j
Sociology (^Mrsfteft^l) wra -fcnrn
Civics (-Rrftcra) hmiR* ?iR5i
Psychology ( a i ^ u M I ) HHlfosiH
Commerce (cpTjr}) ciiftii^
Hindi ( t ^ t ) fMt
Punjabi ( w r f t)
History (Hreft) ^iro
Arithmetic (arftajirfecp) ahfnrtrto
Algebra ftiffqfara
Physics (%fvTcRi)
Home Science
(ifa TnlarRf)
Economics(^Ffrf^fcRi)
Political Science
Philosophy (t^twft)
Agriculture (TJISW^R)
Botany
Anatomy
Horticulture (^lf5ch<H^>i)
Medical Science
(^r^Pef
Language (ONR)
Linguistic (faPciR-dcb)
Palmistry (^nft^t)
3Taf97R5I
Ti^nfrfc? 7TR5I
YTR^
cpfttcfsTH
cH-wfa TTR^
?I?R "fasTH
vrerH tcfen
RlRbcUl ftlTH
"HT^TT
< t 2 2 >

123. SPORTS & GAMES
Hockey (FRft)
Goal Keeper (^fra ^ft^R)
Penalty Corner
Cricket (-Rf^)
Bowler ("^R)
Innings
Sixer (%CRR)
Stump ( ^ q)
L.B.W. (Tle?.^.^^.)
Captain
Volley Ball ( ^ *rra)
Base Ball («Rr w )
Tennis (tf^Rf)
Billiards (f^rcnfef)
Polo (^fTefT)
Shooting (^f^7!)
Rowing (^rfr)
Wrestling (^rrfern)
Chess (*Rr)
Bridge
Carrom Board
High Jump (ft^ wq)
Tug of war ('sr 3rfa> ^ r )
Race (^T)
^fcft cPT^f
"Rtef
f ^ r e f i l l er
Ifh^he WT ^ct
Riff
TOT
ffifft
faRbdf % 3fPt
Wl 3TT wTRT
cRTH
?T9Jt ^oTT cITefT
^fc m ^el
cRf WToT
3?R ^fc cpl "^ef
T?cf> PcPR cpj
"SM TR ^Ef^cfR
XHta cTTeTT ^teJ
^^tcPT^g
cfm wi ^tcj Ura
Stick ( t o )
Spinner (t^RR)
Runs
Fourer (WR?)
Wicket
Wicket-keeper
(ftfcScfttR)
Catch
Football (^ddld)
Basket Ball (*iR%d «rieT)
Bully ( ^ t)
Short Corner ( ^ ^fiTfr)
Batsman (t^fnto)
Badminton (tsflteR)
Table Tennis
(tflTdtpRT)
Croquet (tft%s)
Golf ( t o )
Swimming (M$rn)
Boxing (etfcN^i)
Horse racing (fM^ftPT)
Athletics (^af^fcra)
Playing Card (^TfR
Kabaddi
Long Jump (cffa
Ring Throw (t^i 2fl)
(123)
?T*ft elfST
^t^ vJWIel^ cTTefT
ftfer
cpj >i-yciicHi
^ dMchHI
'stcpfl "rfer
%% ulT^ RTen
?Tcft ^sTdURwr cJRRT
iT^ilXH
^ T TR cfT#
"dcP^T eft 3?R
^dT ^fTcn ^cT
^ F f t
•gifeenrft
afR ^ <t> ^sfd
cim CFT ^sld
e F f t f^

124. EATABLES AND CEREALS
Arrow-root (^1*id) 4RI*>d
Biscuit (RlR^d)
Bran (ith) •clW*
Barley («TRet) vtf
Break-fast (d<b 4>i*d) HISMI, chelc||
Buck-wheat ( t o itd) iffajl
Beaten paddy (itd^ i i t )
Butter (*[d?)
Broth (snar) >t>m, yilydi
Beef ( i t o) TRJ cf>T "TRJ
Bread (#g)
Bacon («|cjr) WT TRT
Comfit O^fes) $H!Alit ciHI
Coffee (#rq?t)
Cake (ct>cp)
Corn-ear (^Pii-'fjR)
Cheese ( i t o) p iR
Condensed Milk
(He«t>)
Castor seed
Chapati (^mit)
Curry (wft)
Cluster bean iR) TcfR
Cream (t£fa)
Curd (<?r£)
Clarified butter i t
Food (TJTg) i t uH
Flour (4xHlv3>0 OTdT
Field pea ( i f e i t ) iteT
Fine flour (wi^t i h i ^ )
Feast (ift^d) "^Tcfcl
Grain (tFt) 3RTvH
Gum acacia (tth 3t^%?ji) i te
Great millet ( i d field) TSJR
Gram (um) ^tFTT
Gruel (Tjsra) <=; (OHAJ I
Honey ( f i t)
Ice-cream (3TT^ra?ta)
Ice (3rr^fr)
Jam (vta)
Kidney bean (ffcsit i R ) x!MHI
Lentil ( ^ d e f) TRJ?
Lunch (era) ^roi? w t ^ f t t
Loaf(efa>) xnci^
Loaf sugar (eTtw?jfR) ytir
Maize (i>3) TO^
Mutton (^hr) to^^i^
Milk (ftcsp) ^sj
Mid-day meal ^ i t d ) f^TcmifcH
Millet (lietd) "utfR «TFJRT
Meat ( i t d ) TTRI
Minced Meat (fiF*gitd) ^tar
Mustard (TT^i)
Oat (srld) ^
Oryza sativa (sfrfen -hifedi) sth Oil (3folel) ^cl
Pigeon pea ( f i ^H i t ) SRIR
Pea ( i t)
Pulse (Pe*l) ^Tel
Puffed rice ( w t t ^ t ) "grg^r
Pickle (tec*) araR
Phaseolies mugo
Poppy ( i r f t ) TfTRT
Porridge ( i t f ^ r ) ^Rn
Pork (itcfj) ^J3RcFTTTR[
Pearl Millet (Pef tield)
Rice ( ^ e ) ^Tcid
Sugar (T^R) itit
Sweets ft^
Syrup (ftrcq) ^t^
Supper ( W ) TRT "QFTI
Sago ( w i t ) *Hi«j«{Hi
Sauce ( w ) rretft
Sesame ("^Riit) 1cTcT
Sugar candy ("9Jtr ^ 1 ) liit
Semolina ^
Soup (^35) ?tR«n
Treacle ( ^ e f ) "J?,^
Tea (3t) w
Vinegar ( f t ^ R)
Vegetables (iftr£*reyi) Trfferai
Wheat (itd) if
Wine cjT^f) trtc
Whey (i) ttit
< f 2 4 >

125. SPICES
Asafoetida
Alum ( w ?)
Aniseed ("^Mns)
Arsenic (3RfRnP)
Bamboo Camphor
Aflatoon (3W>di<£H)
Aloe (Tf^)
Alkali
Acid (tyfrps)
Barilla ( - ^ m)
Bitumen (RI^H)
Borax ( ' ^ F f f)
Belladona (%cTT#RT)
Basil (tRra)
Black Pepper (seto ^^r)
Betel-nut OSted^e)
Catechu
Cardamom (crn^q)
Carbonate of Soda
Olefin 3TFP fffeT)
Cinnamon (RHH'H)
Coriander seed
Cocaine (cptcfH)
Cubeb (cFjira)
Cassia (%Rrar)
Camphor
Caraway ($RTct)
Chilli
Cloves ("cFefRyT)
Cumin seed (CKJTHH
Chirata ("Rrrtt)
Datura ( ^ d ^ i)
Dry Ginger f^R)
Fenugreek seed
Ginger ( t ^ R)
3 F T
"TrRg^T
cTRH
T ra
Tf^RSR
3Fd
iTeSRSR
RldlJTld
-H^MII
^cR?!
^gmft
cfnSJT
iiRrar
cblcftn
^vHMId
offa
^Rl •Rrto?it
ar^cjj
Galnut (JiidHd)
Hemp
Hog plums (WT W f l )
Linseed (fcR # 3 )
Land caltrop
Liquorice ( I ^ R T ^ )
Mace ("fRr)
Myrobalan (Hi^ddH)
Musk (tr^p)
Menthol ("tfafrd)
Nutmeg ("RS^n)
Nigella ( m d i )
Nux vomica (^r^rt ^frftcm)
Oats (sfcri)
Origanum (aflfl^m)
Pellitory (Afteft)
Pepper root ( ^ r ^e)
Parsley ( w ^ )
Poppy seed ('qTnft ^fns)
Pistil (ftfted)
Rhubarb (^TT^)
Rock salt (^TcP
Salt
Sandal ( ^ r a )
Sal-ammoniac
("*nd-3nTtRf3TTcf>)
Soap-nut (-rfimd)
Saffron
Saltpetre (Wc^te?)
Senna ( # n)
Turmeric (z^rf^p)
Tamarind (£nR-si)
Vinegar ("RT^R)
Yeast ("tfr3)
Zedoary (yKgterft)
WT
3MdT
3td#
^
vHTft^t
cb*^
uTRPPd
cbciMl
cpTdl
Rlcblcbl^ 3t3r3r1
ft^Td TJd
s^mtgr,
•^Rrrft, 3)vj)ciiiiH
^TTcP
?T31
cfRR ?frl
Fc^T
ftR^PT
STTWT Fc^t

126. / FLOWERS, FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
1. FLOWERS
Cobra flower (cpteRT t j ^ i f r)
Chrysanthemum (f^faJrm)
Creeper (ffr^R)
Daisy ( ^ l )
Jasmine (^-h^h)
Knop ("RN)
Lotus (cft^T)
Lily (feRft)
Marigold (Afl'iW)
Magnolia (i^rfrrar)
Motia (Tfrf^nn)
Narcissus (HiRfmi)
Oleander (arffcnf^)
P a n d a n u s (M^H>H)
Prickly pear (filched ^TIR)
Rose ("^TH)
Sunflower
Touch-me-not ("ew—^rre)
2. FRUITS
Apple (^lof)
Apricot (^JlcbV)
Almond (OTTS)
Berry (itfl)
Betel-nut ( f f ^ - ^ s)
Banana (CRHT)
Beet root
Black berry
Chest-nut
Cherry
Currant
Custard apple ( ^ e i ^Tcf)
Cashewnut
Carambola
Coconut (cblcblHri)
Date
Fig (far)
eRTI
JJcH^K
cluft
c^ra
"ft^I
^FTT
TfrfrRiT
^nw^r
TfcTra
eTT^TR
iR
"grrfl
cfn^T
THrg^
ararcte
Trfrm
HlR^d
Guava ("33MT)
Gravia asiatica
Grape (Tfa)
Ground-nut (Trras-'TC)
Loquat
Lichi (cftft)
Lilac (fefelcb)
Mulberry ( H d ^)
3. VEGETABLES
Amaranthus ("tTTTFsiTf)
Brinjal (Hh3TcT)
Bitter gourd (Hre?"^)
Bean
Colocasia (^CTWRWI)
Citron (RH^IH )
Coriander (chlR^)
C a u l i f l o w e r (WC^ITOTCR)
Carrot ( W )
Charantis ( W R ^ B )
Melon (^TeR)
Musk-melon (TT^-'fc^)
Mosambi )
Malta ("TTcSi)
Mango
Orange (3ft^r)
Olive (attfera)
Pomegranate (tMtT^)
Plum (^R)
Pyrus malus Siercr)
Pear (^fare)
Pine apple (mi^hQmo)
Peach
Pistachio
Papaya (^mn)
Raisin
TpTcrm
dWie
ftchl^H
f i n
'IcHId
erf^rarr
Tgcfft^
it^R
^g^vn
^FR^T
"TTeST
arm
t r r t , ^n^ft
3FFR, CI | F^-H
d^iliNI
3HHRT
ffR^T
^ftcTT
/

127. Sour cherry (^rre #51) ^rfl^rft
Sapodilla ("Mfeen)
Sugarcane wi
Sole(#cl) 3TT^5R1
Water-melon (^n^^TcH)
Water-nut (ciid>M<i) R-iyi^i
Yam ( ^ I M ) ^TTO^
Cucumber (^CF^?)
Cabbage ) ^
Chilli (f%Rfi)
Gourd
Ginger ("fefcrc)
Garlic (^TTfcfe) h^h
Jack-fruit ( ^ c p ^ ) che^d
Luffa (ejq>T) ffemT^^ftft
Lady's-finger ( ^ t f?irrR)
Lime (^tt^t)
Lettuce (cte^n)
Mushroom (TT^TCT)
Mint
Onion (STPRR)
Potato ( ^ M )
Pumpkin (qwjRhH)
Pea (ift)
Red pumpkin (^g
Radish
Spinach (R^HM)
Turnip (^Pfrq)
Tamarind (SnR-d)
Tomato ( ^ r e f)
" "
f ^ l
^rare
anci
^
#cTTO>d
WfcP
yicHvHH
^Tcfl
PLANTS, TREES & THEIR PARTS
Acacia (atchRniii)
Bamboo (tp^)
Banyan (erf^RR) sK'M
Birch (er^f)
Cactus (%-cfe^i)
Cotton ( w s r) chMKH
Chilli (Unffl)
Cypress (^rr^to)
Fir(TR)
Oak (3fTcp) eld, elcjd
Palm ( t t r) cTTS
Pine ( t t ^ )
Polyalthia (Mldiiifcerar)
Shisham (tftem) yTiym
Sandal (-H^ci)
Teak (Sm) <HMIc|H
Bark (cn3>) f^Tel
Branch (wra) -did
Bulb (elc«j) ^FEf
Bud (ire)
Coir (ebi^)
Margosa (hu'iVhi)
Bo-Tree (efr-#) ^Md
Blossom (CHWH)
Fruit (^e)
Fibre (TPT^R)
Graft ( M )
Gum (jm)
Groundnut (iiM^ne)
Juice (V^H)
Jute ( v ^)
Leaf(3to)
Pollen grain (^fr^R tR)
Pollen tube ("qteR ^ r )
Pulp (tr?q)
Pistil (ftffeci)
Root (^s)
Root-stalk (nz
Sprout
Stamen (T&TR)
Skin (I^JR)
Stone ( ^ r )
Seed
Stem ( ^ q)
Thorn (afft)
Wood ( f s)
<127) —
qJef
cpeR
TffPFcft
Tft
•TOT
WT ^PT
W I
^T
ffrc^PT
cpfeT
cms

128. / PARTS OF THE BODY X
Abdomen (^TfR)
Finger (ftR?) ?Taj ^ ^Igcft
Arm w?
Foot (ifs) ^
Anus (^TH)
Forehead (i^ktss) c^ne
Artery (sn^ft)
Phalange ( ^ r a)
Armpit (atftfk) gff®
Pore (^frc) 7R
Brain (3r) f^TFT
Palm (TJR)
Bile (efT^et) ftxT
Pulse (trar) ^
Belly (ir#) ^te(wft)
Penis ( ^ r e ) fcm
Back-bone ^^[fff
Ring-finger ( t ^ r f ^ R ) aniftcbi
Breast ^(^ft^)
Rib (for) tto^
Beard (fao^) ^f
Shoulder (siWy) ^Ftn
Back (tcp) ite
Soul OTTRT
Bone («fR)
Blood (
SnOUt (Wlvid) S£JR
Buttock (^rsHfi)
Skull (-*EjieO ^rfl
Cartilage
Stomach ( w w ) Tfcrft^
Chest
(g^r eft)
Sole (#c7) ^Teicn
Embryo
Spleen ( ^ t o )
Face (^RT)
Skin (fcjR)
Fist
Saliva (*MI$C||) ^T?
Gullet (Ti^e)
"PFTef
Lip (fcR)
Gum (im)
Lung (eR) tFv^i
Hand (t^s)
Lock (effcp) cfTcff^cTg
Heart (fl£)
•feci
Muscle (TpRra) ggT, rkh^Ti
Heel (fler)
Moustache TJE
Hair
^rra
Middle-finger ("Prgcilq^R) ^ R i ^ i
Intestine ( i ^ e r ^ r)
^
Mouth (ttt^st)
Index finger (t^Ri ffiR?)
Neck (^fcp) tt^i
Jaw (Tiff)
uH-dl
Navel ^
Joint ("c^Rte)
THtf
Nose
Knee
Nipple (f^PTef) ^np
Kidney ( f W f t)
Nostril ( H I R < H ) ^apn
Lap
Nail (^ei) . ^tt^t
Liver (f^re)
Palate (Me) CTT^
Little finger (feTSc! fffnR)
Temple (t^ra) CFT^I
Collar-bone (ctfeR
Thigh (arr^) wet Cheeks (^torr)
"TTeT
Toe(et)
Chin (fto)
Dens Serotinous araH^g
Trachea (tf^rai) WFF^t
Throat ifn
Eye (3rn?)
Tooth (^aj) ^tcf
Ear-drum ( t ^ ^ ? ) chulqen
Tongue ( ^ i ) T^R
Eye-lid (an^fcns) wrcp
Thumb (aw) tf'jBT
Eye-lash (3TTf^T)
Trunk (t<J>)
Ear ( t ^ ) <?>R
Vein (^(R) iRs) cptr ^rt
ElbOW (TJe^f)
Waist Eye-ball affa TjcTcft
Whiskers (fcRcjRf)
Eye brow (an^ «ft)
Wrist (fore) ^k^
<128

129. AILMENTS AND BODY CONDITIONS
A b o r t i o n ( ^ i s i n)
A g u e
A c i d i t y (TjfafeSO
A s t h m a (3TWTT)
A c n e ( t ^ )
A l b i n o ( ^ f e R t)
A n a e m i a ( T ^ r a ij
A n o r e x i a (trt^frt)
B r o n c h i t i s
B e r i - B e r i ( i l f f - t f t)
Boil (wracT)
B a l d ('^Tog)
B l i nd
B i l e
B r e a t h (star)
B l e e d i n g ( ^ T f ^ r)
C o u g h
C o r y z a (chlRvHi)
C a t a r a c t
C o n s t i p a t i o n
C a n c e r
Chill
C h o l e r a (cbTVwi)
C o n s u m p t i o n
D i a r r h o e a (^toRUT)
D r o p s y ( ^ t f f )
D a n d r u f f ( t ^ F )
D i a b e t e s ( ^ R t t S t a)
D i s l o c a t i o n ( f ^ ^ d l ^ v n)
D u m b ( ^ r )
D y s e n t e r y ( ^ i ^ t )
D i p h t h e r i a (fessfrfcin)
D e n g u e ( ^ J j
D e b i l i t y ( t f a f M t )
E c z e m a (WrtaT)
E p i t a x i s ( " ^ f c R r o)
E p i l e p s y
F r a c t u r e
F a i n t i n g ( MR)
F e v e r ( ^ r )
F i s t u l a (f^^cHi)
Flu(q^)
G l a n d ( ^ t e)
^ cfPfT
"Efff
TMT
3RJ!
ftrl
"tfRT
cpT eT^TT
^frfcRITfsF?
cfmiT
%vxTT sra
arf^rrN
uTcfRY
"^fTf cpj vJd-HI
TJfTT
^ M t f f
W i
frpff
-km
TrtR
G r i p i n g
G i d d i n e s s ( f t ^ m )
H u n c h b a c k e d ( s M d ^)
H u r t ( ^ )
H u n g e r (l^rc)
H i c c u p (f^sre)
H e r n i a
H o a r s e n e s s
H e a d a c h e
H e p a t i t i s ( ^ r f e T r )
Itch
I n d i g e s t i o n ( ^ i ^ y n )
I t c h e s ( ^ m )
I n f l a m m a t i o n (SH ^SH)
I n s o m n i a
I n f l u e n z a ( ^ f ^ v n )
J a u n d i c e (xSrf^T)
L e a n (<?R)
L e u c o r r h o e a (f^chlRiii)
L a m e ( e R)
L u n a c y ( c ^ W f)
L e p r o s y ( ^ i M f)
M e a s l e s
M u m p s (^qwrrt)
M a d
M o l e
M a l a r i a (^RAII)
N a u s e a (hIRhai)
O b e s i t y
O n e - e y e d (cR-3TT^§)
O t t o r r h o e a (an^rfcm)
P i m p l e (f^RTd)
P h l e g m ( ^ v R)
P r i c k l y H e at
P a i n (^R)
P n e u m o n i a (f¥frf^nn)
P i l e s (m^cvi)
P a r a l y s i s (^mi^R-m)
P y o r r h o e a (mi^R<ji) R i n g W o rm
S h o r t - s i g h t (ttt£ Tnrfe)
S m a l l p o x (ttfTef-'qRFfl)
S t o o l
S p r a i n ("RR)
•R^rs 3TRT
gnTSJ
3TRT
TTeJT^^TT
ftR cpl ^
^ R
^ ^ 3?RI
^icn
WTePR
cPTg
WTd
W
^t R^cHI
^ cf^n
tPRT
cPR WF^T
W R
^
fWrfror
cPT
ft^T/^ff
<129) y

130. Sun-stroke (TR-^<J>)
Scabies (^Mtvi)
Stomach-ache
Stone ( ^ R )
Sore ("#?)
Swelling (>&|RHR)
Sweat
Typhus (^T^R)
Tumour (e^R)
c^oRRT
^vHc^l
Ae ^
•qarff
R#RT
"spran^R
Tuberculosis
Tracoma ( )
Tonsil (eiR-iet)
Typhoid ( e r ^ n ^)
Ulcer (3T?*R)
Urine
Vomit (^fifte)
Wound (^g)
Yawning (#fRR)
d^lftcb
^MtgRi
WT5T
"EJvRT
RELATIONS
Aunt (3TF5)
Adopted daughter
Adopted-son (x^^ifes'm)
Bride-groom (WT^-TJR)
Bride (sfT^g)
Brother (w^?)
Client (cMisjrf)
Concubine ( c h u ^ ^ H)
Customer (cM-ei-R)
Daughter (^te?)
Daughter-in-law
Disciple ( f e w r a)
Father (TPRY)
Friend (ft^)
Father-in-law
Grand-father (TTfe-WR?)
Grand-mother (TTrg-TR?)
Grand-son
Guest (%e)
Heir (&JR)
Husband
Landlord
Lover (H^R)
Mamma (^trt)
Maternal grand-father
Maternal grand-mother
•gsn, ^Ml,
tft
M i
ffcn
^RT
^RTI
vPfkR
Mt
3FRT
RR7
"RTfl
Maternal uncle
(*)e4o1 ofcP^l)
Maternal aunt
( ^ f cT 3TT5)
Mistress
Mother ("R^)
Mother's sister
("R^rf ftree?)
Mother-in-law
(T^-IR-cft)
Nephew ( ^ p jj
Niece (^ra)
Own (atR) Patient (Me)
Pupil (^ftef)
Preceptor ( t M ^ )
Pleader (^frsr)
Relative (fojfeg)
Step-son (^r-tr)
Step-father ( ^ q - R ^ )
Step-mother (~>£q - r ^ )
Step-brother (-^q-fRR)
Step-sister ( ^ - f t R e *)
Step-daughter ( ^ q ^re?)
Son (tr)
Sister (ftrcsr?)
Son-in-law
Sister-in-law
(•Rrfe^-^T-cTi)
Teacher
Uncle (atcPei)
Wife (cfTfTj>)
"RRT
"RTRt
•R?
•m
R^rti, Rrar
TRT
YfTf
"f^RR
•clFR
MT
Weft, RP?I, "RR,
irrar
Reft
<130)
y

131. Tiring-woman
Tiring-room
Satin
Scarf (wpfr)
Shawl (fira)
Saree ("*tt?I)
Serge
Sheet (tfte)
Shirt (TT£)
Silk
Stockings (^IRMMI;
Sleeve
Suiting (^qfi*7!)
TO
"TfTuT
wi <f>q*n
Shirting (?TfSq)
Socks (WcRT)
Stays
Stripped Mule
Tape (tq)
Towel (zract)
Tunic (e^Pich)
Thread (^s)
Turban
Uniform
Velvet (ifc^s)
Veil ( t d)
cfq ^j^rsi
^ r fw
q?RT
^rfeRT
yTqi
q ^ , fnqn
H^sRd
ORNAMENTS AND JEWELS
Anklet (^cFcte)
Armlet (srrfcte)
Bracelet
Belt
Bangle
Brooch (^q)
Cat's eye 3n|)
Chain ( * R )
Clip (f!>dq)
Coral (cj^Rcf)
Diamond (itrpts)
Ear Ring
Emerald
Gold (TjtcS)
Girdle (^ri^)
Head Locket ( tz
Jewellery
Locket (ofr^)
qT^ra
eUvjJe)^
civqq
TfFft 3 cRFl
ydvHRsid "PR
T l c t ^ t e f t
fm
crrc^t
q^n
^fRT
uMljNId
ddcJH
Medal ( t ^ i ) dHJll
Necklace (^cRT)
Nose-ring (%jrfrq)
Nose pin ( i f a ftq) •iich chi chid, cfR
Opal (3Ttqd)
Pearl (q^)
Pebble (x^d) family
Ring (#n)
Ruby ( ^ t ) TTfura
Sapphire ( w r r )
Silver
Stud (^es) ch^vH cbl driH
Tiara (-fe3TRT)
Topaz (cTfqfijf)
Turquoise ( d ^ i ^ ) ftwlvHI
Wreath (%>?) TTen
Wristlet (fcRnte) cfrsi
Zircon ((N^H)

132. CLOTHES AND WEARING APPAREL
Alpaca (3)<HMchi)
Banian (CIPKJH)
Belt ( M )
Blanket (vfoz)
Bodice
Border (#£?)
Brocade (irt%^)
Broad Cloth (sfrgMraj)
Brassiere (irxAzr?)
Breeches (tftftjsr)
Brace ( M)
Button (em)
Calico (fcftraft)
Cashmira (cpnfRr)
Chester Osfte?)
C a p ( M )
Canvas
Chintz
Clothes (cFefr^a)
Coat (<tfie)
Crepe (ilR)
Cushion
Chemise (Trftei)
Cloth (Mm)
Cloak (MTcP)
Collar (^PTeR)
Darn ("SFf)
Damask (^PRR)
Deep colour (^fa <PeR)
Drill (1M)
Flannel (lkhi^h)
Frock (wfcp)
^ ip -^f -ft ^ T ZR^T
dfHillH
3TPRT
RhHKI
RhR-aicj
eRR
MlilvHIHI
ftf^RT
eRR
eRfl cpte
ewl
ftRftxf
tfte
CPR
ciiylct) chqgl
^tst
*fRT
WeR
XflR^TPft
TT
i^cHlcftH
Garters (^rr^rf) ftfiro
Gloves O'efM) ew^
Gauze ( w ) ^nc¥l
Gown (^TRR) ^TRT
Hat (%e) eta
Handkerchief ^Rra
Half Pant wfom
Hem (IN) iRvSt
Jacket (T^Pe)
Jersey ^Rff
Jamper (WR) T^RR
Knicker (ftcfR)
Lace (eRi)
Laces (effttui)
Lappet (etfe) ftraR
Light colour (Hi^e^eR) f ^ tr
Loin Cloth (HffR ^ a r )
Lining (HisjPm) 3r?r
Linsey Woolsey (toRT^-gcnSt) ^ r i t ^ ^
Loop (cJT) tp^i
Long Cloth (cTR ^
Mattress ( ^ h ) ^
Muslin (TRffcR) HcHHd
Mat
Muffler (WcT?)
Neck-tie (-WeiiO eTi
Napkin (^taftn) 3r"TC5t
Oil Cloth (atfcra c^m) ^fRXHRT
Overcoat (artawle) epsj^Pte
Petticoat (^Sfcpte)
< T 3 i >

133. MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
Bag Pipe ( tq w O
Banjo (t^fi) tfcfi
Bell ( t d)
Bugle (ejjttcT) R'Jd
Cymbal (Rhhh)
Clarion (c^Rah)
Clarinet' yijHI^
Drumet
Drum (^q) did, H'll-sSI
Flute ( q ^ ) elT-y^l
Guitar (fq^R) RMK
Gong (Tffq) WT
Gourd flute qcp) fR
Harp ^Fi
Harmonium (itRqtfroq) wrtft^q
Jew's harp (-^5TfTtf) ^ft
Piano ("fqarpfT) f^Fft
Sarod TRte
Tabor (teR)
Tambourine ( t ^ f R i ^)
Tom Tom (^rq^q) ^tcnp
Violin (cfRf^R) ^Twt, "ifcTT
Lute (ejp) "Rrtr
Whistle
HOUSEHOLD ARTICLES
Almirah (QdffcKi)
Ash ("^97)
Attache Case
Axe (^RT)
Ash-tray t)
Basket (<ji>kb<±)
Bedsheet (irsVik)
Blanket (^ffr?)
Bowl (erre^)
Bobbin (cnftR)
Brush (sRT)
Bucket (qfo^)
Balance (teTRi)
Bed (*g)
Bed-stead (irg-^feg)
B o x (WRRT)
Bolster (ciid*^)
Bottle (^fen)
Broom (^q)
Button ( c j ^)
Candle (%fcgci)
Carpet ( C F R ^ )
Cauldron (<ftd^H)
Chest
Chair
s^mrfl
R-wi^ci eft "TO w l
cf>T qra
3R5T
efTc^l
^TteJ dRhill
cfRToT, VlWf
cTS^T
Tfrn^i
Chimney
Comb (^ftq)
Curtain
Casket (cwR<be)
Cooking gas ( ^ q % r )
Candle stick
Canister
Censor ("^RR)
Churn (^rf)
Chisel (fera)
Chandelier (W^sfcPR)
Cup (cpq)
Cushion
Cabinet (%f!r^)
Dish (f%rn)
Door-mat ( ^ R ^)
Drawers ( I T S R^
Electric stove
Electricity ( W ^ f M )
Fan
Fire Place ( W R ^ )
Fork (iftcfc)
Funnel (qRd)
File (tpT^cf)
Flour Mill (lmm>{ "f^ra)
ftq^
cfTETI
Ri'lKtJIH
yiHicjiH
^TRR
WFJH, 3TF5
TOf eft 3idqT$
"Rcmfl
MliJclM
TOT
cpfcTT
3TTcT eft
(133)

134. / Frying Pan (TPT|R^R)
Flower-vase ( W R ^ )
Fuel (R^cf)
Grate (te)
Hubble Rubble
(fRel-TRet)
Hammer
Hand-pump (|rg-RR)
Iron plate (3TR7R^te)
Iron (3TR7R)
ICe-bOX effcRl)
Jar (vHR)
Jug (wr)
Key Oft)
Knife (RiftP)
Kettle ( t o )
Kerosene Oil
(MrftR sfcra)
Ladle (#Scf)
Lock (cftcp)
Lamp (cRr)
Lid (fere)
Looking Glass
(ejRb'l TefRT)
Mat (M)
Mallet (Me)
Mortar
Match box (T^RTTO)
Mattress
Mackintosh (SlfWlvi)
Mirror (f*R?)
Newspaper ( ^ r t m )
Needle ( t e ?)
Nut-cracker (Re M r )
Oil (sftoH)
Paper (M?)
Pastry Roller YteR)
Palanquin
Picture ("teR)
Pan ( * i)
V
f iR
w
f aM
RRf
wr
M^GP^RR RTJRT
"ftftRRM
eR}
VMr, arrtRT
wer^
^ c f , aft^ft
•f^TRTcTTf f%f«RT
MraRl
VMl
TRTETR "cp5f
¥
MRT
M
RRRvR
M r
MMcfl
< rM
cRTen, RJeT^f
Pastry Board
Pestle ( M h )
Phial (tpRef)
Pitcher (fRSR)
Pillow (IMl)
Pillow Case (1Mt Mr)
Plate (^re)
Pen (M)
Pincers (fMtf)
Pot (RTe)
Probe (Mi)
Quilt (ft^e)
Rope (^tR)
Sack (tR>)
Screw Driver ( ^ ^i^R)
Shovel (?Tcra)
Soap ( # r)
Sauce-pan ( # # R)
Swing (foR)
Saucer ("WRR)
Spitoon (foreR)
Stool (^el)
Scissors
Sieve (#R)
Sickle (ftRPef)
Soap-case ( # r M i)
Safe
Stove (';feta)
Spade
Stick ( t o )
Spoon (T^T)
Thimble
Tooth Brush
Tray ( t)
Tap (%R)
Table ( t ^ )
Tongs (eKi)
Tooth-Powder (<j«r mi^)
Tumbler (eRcR)
Wire ( w )
Wick (fM)
^0011
TfMr, efr^r
•ETST
tMi^p
W l
MR "TTcRl
M l , M t
MRRT
M r t
TTTfR
tftcpcJM
f?TRT|
c i ^
TRfR^nft
fMrfl
^
WS1
T^fl
^Rff RR f?T
ajTcft
ReT
M
fERer
^rTRyR
Wff
cTR
<m> /

135. MINERALS
L e a d (trs)
M a r b l e ( ^ n ^ d)
M e r c u r y xfRT
M i c a ("TT^cpT) 31TO
M u s c o v i t e
M i n e O r t ^ t)
N a t r o n flu^l-islK
O r p i m e n t ( s n f ^ )
P l a s t i c c l a y (MiR-ecj, g^r)
ROCk Oil (TRP SfRJd) iflcH tlsClfcHil^HI
R e d o c h r e ( ^ s srfaR) ^Ro
S h a l e (?Td)
S i l v e r ( f ^ R )
ylrv WRl
S t e a t i t e ( ^ t e r ^ e)
S t e e l ( ^ t a ) Iridic!
S u l p h u r ( w j r )
T i n ( f t *) TFTI
T o u c h - s t o n e c I RM
V e r m i l i o n ( c r P t s r) RH^
W h i t e - l e a d {wtz^s) "M^cJI
Y e l l o w O c h r e (tefr stfeR)
A n t i m o n y
A r s e n i c ( s r t f t e)
B r o n z e (sfFyT)
B i t u m e n ( f % T R)
C i n n a b a r
C o p p e r S u l p h a te
( W R I T E S )
C h a r c o a l (WR ^ r a )
C o p p e r (cftxR)
C o a l
C o r n e l i a n (cptifeRH)
F l i n t (ftxfe)
F u l l e r ' s e a r t h 3ral)
G r e y t i n (Tt f s q)
G r e y C o p p e r (Tt w r )
G o l d (TfTeS)
I r o n o r e ( 3 t r r ^ 3tR)
I r o n ( 3 n w !)
K e r o s e n e oil
(^JRHTH arwcT)
^TRT
irfiun
csrar
ftraKSta
•Rr^j?
cjf^rar
OT^I 357 ^RTcTT
cFM
•qRST? <F( cftiJcil
WTO TOR
^eldl^ foft
YFT1
^Yf crNT
eftfl
CTTFT
tqfr cPI^f
PLACES, BUILDINGS AND THEIR PARTS
1. B U I L D I N GS
A v i a r y (T^RRT^)
B a r r a c k ( t r o)
B o o k i n g o f f i c e ( f f ^ T affftRi)
B u i l d i n g (f^fc^T)
B u n g a l o w (CFIHI)
C h u r c h ( r t f)
C l o i s t e r ( c f c n w >0
C o t t a g e )
C o l l e g e (CPT^TOT)
F a c t o r y (%Efeff)
Fort ( n & i)
G y m n a s i u m ( t u F R S n m)
H o s p i t a l (^IR-Mdd)
H o u s e
•mq
TOI
•fTR^TI ^R
STfanfl'
H^lRlsUlelAJ
cpR^RT
"f^dT
SRCRTTcl
I n n (i*t)
I c e - f a c t o r y ( a n ^n
L a b o r a t o r y ( ^ e f l )
L u n a t i c a s y l um
(c^fcrcR-amifcm)
L i b r a r y ( H T f t f i)
M a g a z i n e (^i.JftH)
M o s q u e
M u s e u m ( ^ f v R m)
O r p h a n a g e (afrfc^H)
O c t r o i p o st
O f f i c e (affftRT)
P a l a c e (tTeRT)
P i c t u r e h o u s e ( f t i R ^ n )
P o s t o f f i c e 3fff^e)
Ixji^RT
YWFRTIdT
-j-in^Mii
w
"STcpER
jg35)

136. X School ( ^ r )
Slaughter-house (Mte^ fra^i)
Temple (tRcf)
University
Urinal (^RHCH)
Zoo (j*)
2. THEIR PARTS
Attic (^fM)
Ante Chamber (M MR)
Arch (3rrEf)
Beam (Mi)
Bathroom (RiaRR)
Bar (RR)
Bracket (tIM)
Courtyard (RMtrri)
Corbel (<*>lM)
Cement (Mfc)
Cornice (MM)
Chimney (fMft)
Door (M)
Door-frame ("M
Drain (M)
Dais (^sum)
Door-sill ( M 1 M )
Dome (Mr)
Floor (MR)
Foundation (ifcivUsn)
Fountain ( w ^ i )
Granary (Mff)
Gutter ("Re?)
Gallery (Mft)
1MTCW
RRR^TRT
fMIMiera
sreifr
Mrfr
tRR
WS
RMRTI
3TFR
M fc MR RR ^TTvH
SJ3RcF?T
ci^clMI
Mae
^Mt
w
tM
Mr
M^HIcHI
MTRRT
X
Hearth (?af)
Kitchen (1Mh)
Lattice (^fM)
Lime ("Mr)
Latrine ( ^ M )
Niche (fM)
Platform
Plinth (fMer)
Peg (M)
Plaster )
Portico (MllSch))
Peep-hole (MM=0
Room (wr)
Rafter (%Re?)
Railing ("M*T)
Roof ( w )
Sitting room (%feR wr)
Steeple
Shed (MO
Store-room (?M
Stair (Mjr)
Storey (?Mr)
Threshold (s^Ms)
Tile (er?ci)
Terrace (Mr)
Underground cell
(sre^rrMs M )
Ventilator (MtcM)
Verandah (M^sr)
Window (fM£)
apMf
Mrf^R
M t
^TT
eft
STTcTf
^cRT
^ P RcR?R
cR^Ml
MRRI
?I?M
wr
tep
Mtr
^cftvH
•QRM
M ^ f ^ r
cf^WRT
Mtr^TR
RTpfRTf
Rsl^cft
< 1 3 6 ) /

137. X STATIONERY
Almirah (^crf^Ri)
Blank-paper (*3icp ^m)
Blotting-paper
xltre)
Bench
Bodkin
Cork ("EPT£)
Card (gn^)
Copying pencil
(wftrfn
Call-bell (cpra t d )
Compass
Clip (fcfOT)
Crayon (tP^R)
Carbon-paper ^r)
Counterfoil (cbivi>e>< )
Drawing-pin ft*)
Divider ( f t g r ? ^)
Dictionary
Daily-paper Aq?)
Eraser (?^R)
Easy-chair
Exercise-book
( W R O T ^ f ^ )
File (wfei)
Glue
Gum (*q)
Holder
Ink ( f ^)
3TeRT?!
-H^dl
Ira
XRcFR
^PRuT
3TTS?r T ^ k , ^JTTsn
^ i f q f t *
qcpR
^ftcp q?t
TcTS
3TRR gRft
^nfr
Ink-pot ( t ^ - q f t)
Ink-pad ( t^
Ledger (cW?)
Magazine (#q>#R)
Map (%q)
Nib(ft^)
Paper
Packing-paper (^tf^q-^tq?)
Pen (^R)
Paper-cutter (^m
Pin ( f t *)
Pin-cushion ( f t * <pR)
Punch (xra)
Pencil (xfRrd)
Paper-weight
Protractor ( t f f c f ^)
Ruler
Receipt book (fttfte <^P)
Register
Rubber-stamp ( w * ^ q )
Slate
Seal (#cf)
Tracing Cloth ( t ^ R ^fm)
Tape(tq)
Tag (tq)
Tracing paper
Writing Pad ( ^ f t q ^ )
Waste-paper-basket
(•ER5 xPR cl^fche)
qftcm
cPRvH
^PcR
cbMlvH
3TTc7ft*
STlcfftq cRft ^
cPY^ eft ThSRft
iprq^^rra
^rr^T
^ficR
" ^ ^ f t f t lR
fete
ft^t^pq^i
xftrTT
cftcHcJK ^tft
3TTO cpRvH
eft q f i
Ttr eft^fepff
<137>

138. / T O O L S
Axe (Mh)
Awl (AM)
Auger ( MR)
Axis (^HHNH)
Anvil ( M F M )
Anchor ( M f R )
Balance (Mn)
Bar-share (RR M R )
Bellows (MLYI)
Bead plane ( M Mr)
Bagging hook ( M r r ^ )
Blow-pipe ( M M *0
Cone ( M i)
Clamp ( M R )
Compass
Colter (Me?)
Cleat ( M T E )
Chisel
Drill (fM)
Dibble (fMra)
Fishing rod ( f q M r M )
File
Fast ( w e )
Gauge ( M )
Hammer (t*R)
Hand saw ( M # )
Jack-plane ( " M M r)
Lever (<fore)
Loom (ep)
Lathe ( M I )
Lancet ( # M )
Mortar (M?)
Mallet ( MO
jfc-Sli), M l
t j an
"ERRT
1MTt
cM
qMf
sjfMl
cj^i-cTl
eft Pi All, fy
M l
?TTcf
iMtRRTCTf
TfM Cpl TR
faMl, f aM
^ETeM eft M l
M r M i ^ s
^RRt elMt eft Mt Wc l O
Needle point
(Mei
Oar (M)
Oil-mill ( M r a l M )
Pruning shear (TJpFT fM?)
Plough share (•^cire; Mr)
Plumb line ( w eTT^r)
Plough
Razor (M?)
Rebate Plane ( f t M M r)
Rasp(trt)
Rudder (^5?)
Smoothing plane
Sickle (fMci)
Scissors (RH.VJKI)
Sugar mill (Y^RIM)
Screw-driver ( ^ ^ i f g ?)
Stock and dies
^5TZRT)
Syringe ("RrfM)
Saw (-tfi)
Spade (Ms)
Screw (?*£)
Spanner ( M R )
Trying plane (^ifR M l )
Try square ("5T? ?M3R)
Tooling plane (M^Mt)
Trowel (era^O
Vice (rti??)
^ T , MdclK
ePT W
"^RRT
Mn, M l Mi
M i s t e r
^l-vTl
M t M^I RTcTI
MRRI
rtMII
MraM
aM
^RTeT, TpicTfl, MRT
M M eft M l
^gfMi
Mi M
r M I
M , fyIcHvH!
<138) y

139. WARFARE
Army (srpff)
Armaments (3rmf#CTr)
Ammunition (i^Pujh)
Atom bomb (^eq •#})
Aggression (art?H)
Auxiliary force
Atomic Warfare
(SRTfiRP
Armour (armre)
Attack (aftcp)
Anti-aircraft gun
WfPTTC^H)
Battle field
Battle-ship (t^ef %q)
Bombardment
(eN^I^'d)
Blockade (^cfrct^s)
Belligerent Nation
(^lel'KC
Battle ( ^ c f)
Blood shed (^ns frs)
Bomb ("#?)
Brute force q^ntf)
Bullet (fete)
Cartridge (cbw^)
Cavalry (%qef?[)
Cannon-ball
Campaign ( ^ R )
Commander-in-chief
Conscription
Civil-war (fafc^qR)
Cannon (%qq)
Cease-fire (^flra w r )
^Ri
SFjqq
cf^ra
3HfhHul
c l l ^H cfrq
W T M T
cR aTTtPRTTT
HlcbN-41
eTS^ cfTcTT
qq
^Mf
tj-sw-wu itfi
^Ttq cPT^tefT
^HNfcl
fcRR
Combatants ( )
Demolization (•^HICHI^H)
Defence Ministry
(f^fRT ftPi*-^)
Destroyer
Defence Service
Expedition (WTM?R)
Enemy ( ^ n f l)
Explosive-Bomb
Fortification
Field Marshal
(qStegqrcfa)
Fighter
Guerilla (^f^T)
Gas-mask
Gun-powder ( t r qra^?)
Land-force (3rs-q>Rf)
Mutiny ( ^ f t ^ t)
Machine-gun (qyTH'H)
Navy ( ^ f )
Operation (siTm^m)
Prisoners-of-War
(fitvR^-ami-ifR)
Provisions (TftfeRH)
Recruitment (Rs^'d)
Seize ( # 3)
Strategy ( ^ e ^ )
Submarine (fiqqfR)
Troops (^RI)
Treaty
Torpedo boat
( z T ^ t cte)
^ q q
^en qpfaifl
arfqqR, q^aTR
£RT% ^r q ^ "^iTen qq
ftcfR^t
^RT qq qtIR arftqqft
cTglf cqgqR
qR^
iteci
faTr?
qTc^i cfrq
^ "qfcl
^pfq^t
qtviR WT?fr
•ERT
f i f q f o ra
MH^-^I
"^RT
<139) y

140. IN THE HOSPITAL
Hospital (^iR^dd)
Clinic (f^Pich)
Doctor (Me?)
Nurse ( M )
Operation Theatre f§iM?)
Children Ward
Bleeding (MfM)
Medicines (AteR-m-i)
Pill
Blood Pressure
Urine Test
Blood Test ("Serstre)
Compounder (RTRRVJU^?)
Patient Ward ( M r c M )
Emergency Ward
(fR?Mt M )
Ladies Ward ( ^ M r M )
Dead Body, Corpse
Injection (MR?TR)
Mixture (M?TR?)
Temperature (£MR?)
Stool Test t?e)
Sputum Test (?*?jeR t?e)
Ambulance (MgM)
Dose (MF)
Thermometer (MfM?)
Injured
Syrup ( MR)
Syringe (falM)
Anaesthetist (M?afrMe)
Anaesthesia (MtcMrt)
Anaesthetize (arMsreTM)
fMMmera
Ul^^d oMlTcTO
RjRboHcb
?tfMf Rft w
RR^T RTcft RR><HI
yicilRhiJI RR RfR?T
R M RR R>!H
R J R T
MrfSr
e M Mft
?RTTRTR
TJR Msrn
^M^t M RToTF
Mfl R>«1
ftMf RRR*ST
crm
M r
3TR fRSPR
dlMRH
e#[RRM«T<R
RcTRR M«R
Mf RT?R
RRRTRR5
Mci fMra eRT
RlRboHI^MftRM
r i # MnMi MRTRMrtht
ftrfMfTR)
• G A R R RT
Bandage ( t f M)
Bottle (MCT)
Wheel Chair M?)
Orthopaedic (anstf^fM)
Physician ([^RHRWH)
Specialist (?MfMe)
E.C.G. ( ^ . M M)
Fracture ( M r ? )
Dispensary ( f M r M l)
Maternity Home
(•rMMI M )
Cotton (R5feR)
Stretcher (?M?)
Plaster (w*e?)
Surgery (?rM^)
Surgeon (?M?)
Ophthalmic (3RRM*TR*)
X-ray ( W K *)
O.P.D. (art M M )
Unconscious
(3TRMTTI?I)
Antibiotic ( M M ^ t f M)
Stethoscope (?£MMr)
Capsule (MRJ?T)
Postmortem Room
Analeptic (^MfM?)
Disease (feMi)
RM R? RMt
Rfltff RTcft
M P F I MTTR
HrfMFfR)
M w MspRiR MM
iftRR^eWRF eRraiRI, MtTTeTR
v5T5R "ER
MMft M TJR> uFT? ?f
^ M f TRR? ?ainwRd
R M ^ t M t
RH?d? Mrr? MR^S M RTcR
1Mh?TR)
3TR3 faRFT ^ TTRR? eft ?f?R
W 1MR RT?J Mliil' RR MRR
cftdlUj ^n
M k eft yrsRR ^gR^ ^trM ST?T UMT
MRI vM RTen M eM ?M RR
•Ml £IRR> 7IR RR RvR?l
M M % RTR dlchd Mnfr
< T 4 0 )

141. PROFESSION AND OCCUPATIONS
Actor (^fe?)
Advocate (i?MrM)
Agriculturist
Artist (anMe)
Astrologer (SRMM?)
Auctioneer (afiMM?)
Accountant (areMee)
Author ( M r )
Auditor ( M M ? )
Artisan (3ttMr)
Agent (Me)
Blacksmith (CCWR-HSJ)
Baker ( M ? )
Bakery ( MM
Brokerage (Mrt^t)
Banker ( M ? )
Book-binder (ftp rt^s?)
Bookman (^JMT)
Butler (Ren?)
Boat-man ( M M )
Beggar (M?)
Blacksmith (MpfMi)
Bake ( M )
Broker ( M r )
Butcher (f^rc)
Barber (wrr?)
Bankrupt (M?<e)
Book-seller (^pMr)
Boutique ( f M )
Betel-seller (M^MR)
Beauty Parlour (egSnflM
Brazier ( M r ? )
Confectioner (rrM?r?)
Chemist (MRS)
RRcfi
M t a
cfRc£
Mrpr
feMR3crPaR ft M-sdiclH
CJTEFT fMWR
MtIMT
"fMpe, ^Ref-Ml
M t Rrari hi-MI^
RMR5T cbK<slHI
^cMr
-HI^cJJK
IM^ttmI
•fMra cfT^n
"RMT?
WRT
^erra
M
MMrt
fMcTT
M M r % ^rra
M ^ M c&!?STR trMI ^TR Ml R5T ?«TR
M i
3TMl W
M^l cfTen
Contractor (R>Mie?)
Cook (cpfi)
Clerk (Mcp)
Constable ( M £ f M)
Chauffeur (MP?)
Carpentry (wMeft)
Carrier (%ftq?)
Conductor (RreRe?)
Coachman ( M M F )
Compounder ( p r o )
Cobbler (Mra?)
Cloth-merchant (MraiMPe)
Compositor (rMhM?)
Computer Operator
(lERTCCp? 3lMe?)
Carpenter (cprM?)
Cashier (%fM?)
Cleaner ( M M )
Carder ( rM?)
Coolie
Doctor (MR?)
Draughtsman
(^I^H^H)
Darner (M?)
Dentist ( ^ i M )
Dramatist (^RiMe)
Draper (M?)
Dancer ( ^ r r )
Dyer (^r?)
Druggist URiw)
Driver (^R?)
Drummer ( ^ r )
Enameller (M^CR)
Editor ( M e ? )
Examiner (t^tMr?)
"Engineer (MrfM?)
Fisherman (1Mr^R)
Farmer ( w h)
£Mr
??fr?RT
fofM
cPT? McPIl WcPRelfT
clinch
MMT
MrfETRM RlefT
MFT
ePHFH
M 3 3TSR TifrM cTRTT
cb^jd^ WPFRP
M R ?M cncn
gfMT
^HKcii^cb
M?e?
Rcf?TRMl
MffRR^rae?
HldcpcPN
WPiT
^TTM cflefl
?TRTTUI, E F MT
^MM^RTen
Mtppr
MsicP MR^TT
1Mtr
<141>

142. /
Grocer (#TR)
Gate keeper
Groom (ip)
Gardener (^i^R)
Green-grocer (fHrfnrR)
Goldsmith ('iWR-Haj)
Glazier (^rfvRR)
Hawker (FfaR)
inspector (^me^)
Inkman
Jeweller
Juggler (^FICR)
Lawyer (cfaR)
Landlord
Milk-man (fac^iM)
Milk-maid
Messenger (^Rr^R)
Mid-wife (firs mpft)
Merchant
Manager
Miner (th^R)
Mason (^Rr)
Magician (^f^RR)
Musician (^Riah)
Novelist (HNRH^)
Nurse (^rtf) Oil man (strih ^R)
Peon
Porter (^M^)
Priest (tfr^e)
Perfumer (WFjfR)
Pedlar (^TScR)
Painter
Postman (^Re^r)
Pilot (Mi^de)
Potter (TO)
Physician (fMurf^RR)
Pleader
Proprietor (Trtw^)
w f f
siKMId
"W^fr
^TR
VfRTT cTTT^ cITcTr
cTTC^T
iT^Tfr
"^raster
W-fftJR
^JT iTET^t cflcn
cRf^ cfTeft
^rf^?] cn?cp
^
C A I N I ^
^nRitR^^ncn
TT01
TMY^CPN
^tftcT
Mt cJToTT
^RTTXiT
^iRhill, M-jIclinch
cliyiJH *TTeTcf>
^ f R
^fc^tH
Hlldcfc
Photographer ( W m m ) ^ t ^rraT
Prose-writer ('sfrMRTfs^) iract^P
Poet (trftre)
Publisher (uRd^us
Uchiyich
Principal (fy'R-md)
TjyMNIil
Retailer (ftt^R)
^qmiff
Sculptor (-i-chc^ev)
Shoe-maker ("St-"*^)
Stamp-vendor
( ^ q i r ^ r)
Sanitary Inspector
( M f s f r t ^ f ^ )
Sailor ("fT^R)
Shop keeper ( w r a ^ )
Shepherd
Stamp maker(7M%cjr?)
Sweeper (^^fm)
Surgeon ( ^ f a)
Seeds-man
Tanner (t^R)
Tailor (tcR)
Tenant ( t ^ s)
Tin-man
Treasurer(t^R?)
Teacher (£TSR)
Trader
Tutor (^ff?)
Turner
T.T.E.
Watchman (<JN£H)
Washerman (^teR^R)
Wholesale dealer
(£)d*ld ^feR)
TTcSR^I^ cITCTT
Tfr^rt
^ qTefT
^PFRR
Tens frtF? ^rrai
^PTR
ftRTt^R
cTTdT
3TSZJTCcf>
cymi^!
•ER TR ^Tefl
cPTR cfR^f cfrar
tcTfepS WtSTcP
ytfl
artcp CAINI^I
Writer eftacfi
Watch-maker ti^^ivH
Water-carrier
Waiter (cfs^) t^i
Weaver ( % r )
(?42)

143. POLICE DEPARTMENT
I.G. (sn^.^t.) H^iPi^sre*
(Inspector General of Police)
(fTPfcfe? yR^et 31TO "jfcTO)
S.P (t^.Tff.) ^ro^ar^
(Superintendent of Police)
S.H.O. (TRI. art.) arr^R
(Station House Officer)
Sub-Inspector (^ra-^ckiv) "ot sif^r
Assistant Sub-Inspector
^cJelclK
(arftrefe w - w f t ^ )
Kotwal (cbldciid)
2JFRR
Armed Police (an^g ^fcra)
Flying Squad (MxHi^i
Control Room (^tei "Pfwi cp«f
Theft (dme)
Thief
Smuggler (wTerc)
Beat Constable
Stabbing O&fthi)
D.I.G. (^.3TT
(Deputy Inspector General)
"Eftff
MI'lih!
^q-^Tftfrar^
D.S.P. ( ^ . t r t ^ .)
(Deputy Superintendent
of Police)
(fet^i T r g ^ ^ s "gfcTO)
Police Station ( ^ t o t & t r ) 8JHT
Constable (<KI^«IH)
Traffic Police ( t f ^ ^ m )
'gfera
^IdWId
gfcm
Dogs Squad (^FT
Warrant (c|fc)
Robbery (^rafl)
Dacoity
Pick-pocket (ft^-qTfe)
Murder (TR^)
Cheating
Challan ( * I M H )
Security (RHcNjR<?i)
Investigation (^t^Mtr)
C.I.D. (#.3TT|.^.)
(Criminal Investigation
Department)
(ftbf^McH s H ^ ^ I H Rsm<9fd)
Tear Gas (£n?%r)
Smuggling (wifctn)
On Bail (3TR %cf)
Under Police Custody
C.B.I.
(Central Bureau of
Investigation)
("tf^H 31TO
Firing
Remand ("Rw^s)
Gang (%r)
<143)
tftfl TTTcf HFTT ^t
vjTFTT, ^ p f l
vHHIHd
f^wm
TfTc^t *]<HHI
^wdiw % fen?
SRTcRl ^ ^f^R?
fl^RRT^' ^5RT

144. / JUBILEE TABLE
1 Year Anniversary (^rcffi) clinch wr^l
25 Years Silver Jubilee vjpicft)
50 Years Golden Jubilee ( ' iWh vipicft)
60 Years Diamond Jubilee
NUMERALS
CARDINAL NUMBERS ORDINAL NUMBERS
1 One 1st First
2 Two 2nd Second
3 Three 3rd Third
4 Four 4th Fourth
5 Five 5th Fifth
6 Six 6th Sixth
7 Seven 7th Seventh
8 Eight 8th Eighth
9 Nine 9th Ninth
10 Ten 10th Tenth
11 Eleven 11th Eleventh
12 Twelve 12th Twelfth
13 Thirteen 13th Thirteenth
14 Fourteen 14th Fourteenth
15 Fifteen 15th Fifteenth
16 Sixteen 16th Sixteenth
17 Seventeen 17th Seventeenth
18 Eighteen 18th Eighteenth
19 Nineteen 19th Nineteenth
20 Twenty 20th Twentieth
21 Twenty-one 21st Twenty-first
22 Twenty-two 22nd Twenty-second
30 Thirty 30th Thirtieth
40 Forty 40th Fortieth
50 Fifty 50th Fiftieth
60 Sixty 60th Sixtieth
70 Seventy 70th Seventieth
80 Eighty 80th Eightieth
90 Ninety 90th Ninetieth
100 One/a Hundred 100th Hundredth
101 A Hundred and one 101st Hundred-and-first
200 Two Hundred 200th Two Hundredth
1,000 One/a Thousand 1,000th Thousandth
2,000 Two Thousand 2,000th Two Thousandth
. 1,000,000 One/ a Million 1,000,000th Millionth /

145. / INDIAN SYSTEM OF NUMBERS
One 1 In this system, we put a comma
Ten 10 between the 3rd and 4th digits from
Hundred 100 the right,afterwards, the numbers are
Thousand 1,000 placed in groups of 2, called periods,
Ten Thousand 10,000 and a comma is put after each period.
Lakh 1,00,000
Ten Lakh 10,00,000 47,72,23,60,01,22,895
Crore 1,00,00,000 Forty seven neel seventy two kharab
Ten Crore 10,00,00,000 twenty three arab sixty crore one lakh
Arab 1,00,00,00,000 twenty two thousand eight hundred
Ten Arab 10,00,00,00,000 and ninety five.
Kharab 1,00,00,00,00,000 Infinity
Ten Kharab 10,00,00,00,00,000 A number that is too big to count.
Neel 1,00,00,00,00,00,000 An infinite quantity is endless and
Ten Neel 10,00,00,00,00,00,000 cannot be measured. An infinitesimal
Infinite 10,00,00,00,00,00,000000 object is too small to be measured.
INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF NUMBERS
One
Ten
Hundred
Thousand
Ten Thousand
Hundred Thousand
Million
Billion
Trillion
1
10
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000
1,000,000,000
1,000,000,000,000
British
247,237,600,221,895
Two hundred forty seven billion two
hundred thirty seven thousand six
hundred million two hundred twenty one
thousand eight hundred and ninety five.
In this system, the numbers are placed in
groups of 3, called periods, and a comma is
put after each period from the right.
Note : In England :1 Billion = Million Millions
In USA & France : 1 Billion = Thousand Millions
American
247,237,600,221,895
Two hundred forty seven trillion two
hundred thirty seven billion six hundred
million two hundred twenty one thousand
eight hundred and ninety five.
NATURAL NUMBERS
(OR) COUNTING
NUMBERS
All the numbers starting from
ONE are called "NATURAL"
numbers, (i.e.)
N = {1,2,3,4,5,6 }
WHOLE
NUMBERS
All natural numbers
along with ZERO (0)
are called "WHOLE"
numbers, (i.e.)
W = {0,1,2,3,4 }
EVEN NUMBERS
Any number which is exactly
divisible by 2 is called an
"EVEN" number. Example :
2,4,6,8,10,14,48,56,120 etc
Note : If the last figure of a
number is 0,2,4,6 or 8 the
number is EVEN.
ODD NUMBERS
Any number which is NOT exactly divisible by 2 is called an "ODD" number.
Example: 1,3,5,7,9,21,125 etc.
.Note : If the last figure of a number is 1,3,5,7 or 9,the number is ODD.
<m)

146. PRIME NUMBERS
Any number which is divisible only by
1 and by itself is called a "PRIME"
number. The 25 prime numbers below
100 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29,
31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73,
79, 83, 89 and 97
Note : 2 is the only even number which
is prime.
FRACTIONAL NUMBERS :
(FRACTIONS)
Any number which is a part of a whole
is called a "FRACTION". These
numbers are written as
1/2, 2/5, 3/5, 5/6 etc. 1/2 is a part of 1
(whole)
FRACTIONAL NUMBERS
& NAMES
Number Name
1/2 a Half
1/3 a Third
2/3 Two-thirds
1/4 a Quarter
3/4 Three-quarters
1/5 a Fifth
2/5 Two-fifth
151/4 Fifteen and a
quarter
5/6 Five-sixths
1/7 a Seventh
1/10 a Tenth
1/20 a Twentieth
1/100 a Hundredth
SQUARES OF NUMBERS
Any number obtained by multiplying a
number once by itself is the
"SQUARE" of the number,
e.g. 4x4 gives 16. Therefore 16 is the
square of 4.
5x5 gives 25. Therefore 25 is the
square of 5.
• d
Squares of Numbers 1-20
Numbers Squares
1 1
2 4
3 9
4 16
5 25
6 36
7 49
8 64
9 81
10 100
11 121
12 144
13 169
14 196
15 225
16 256
17 289
18 324
19 361
20 400
CUBES OF NUMBERS
Any number obtained by multiplying a
number twice by itself is the "CUBE"
of that number.
e.g. 3x3x3 gives 27. Therefore 27 is the
cube of 3.
6>
DECIMAL NUMBERS
Fractional numbers can also be
indicated by placing a dot called the
"DECIMAL POINT".
e.g. the fraction 1/4 can be written as
0.25
1/2 can be written as 0.50
3/4 can be written as 0.75
In English, a point (.) is use instead of a
comma when writing decimals. We also
say point when speaking the number.
The stress falls on the last figure :
15.2 (fifteen point two)
If there is more than one figure after
the decimal point, we say each
separately:
15.25 fifteen point two five
3.142 three point one four two
In numbers less than one, for example
0.15, we say zero point one five, point
one five or, some times in British
English, nought point one five.

147. / ROMAN NUMBERS
Roman numerals are not widely used, but used often enough so you should be able to
read or interpret them. Following is a table of Arabic Numerals and their equivalent
Roman Numerals.
TABLE OF ROMAN NUMERALS.
Arabic Roman Arabic Roman
Numeral Numeral Numeral Numeral
1 I 50 L
2 II 60 LX
3 III 70 LXX
4 IV 80 LXXX
5 V 90 XC
6 VI 100 C
7 VII 200 CC
8 VIII 300 CCC
9 IX 400 CD
10 X 500 D
11 XI 600 DC
12 XII 700 DCC
13 XIII 800 DCCC
14 XIV 900 CM
15 XV 1,000 M
16 XVI 4,000 MV
17 XVII 5,000 V
18 XVIII 10,000 X
19 XIX 15,000 XV
20 XX 20,000 XX
30 XXX 100,000 C
40 XL 1,000,000 M
<H!>

148. / The following examples illustrate the use and meaning of Roman Numerals.
1. A Roman Numeral or letter preceding a letter of greater value subtracts from it :
V = 5 IV = 4
L = 50 XL = 40
C = 100 XC = 90
2. A letter preceding a letter of equal of lesser value adds to it.
V = 5 VI = 6
L = 50 LX = 60
C = 100 CXI = 111
3. You will quickly, of course, be able to remember and recognize smaller numbers.
XVI = 16
X (10) + VI (6) = 16
XLIV = 44
XL (40) + IV (4) = 44
XCI = 91
XC (90) + I (1) = 91
For larger number simply examine the numbers and break it down into its elements
and you will readily interpret the number. You will be able to recognize the elements or
parts by applying rules 1 and 2 given above or by looking at the table of Roman
Numerals.
CDXCIII = 493
CD (400) + XC (90) + III (3) = 493
MDCLXXV = 1,675
M (1,000) + DC (600) + LXX (70)
+ V (5) = 1,675
DCXCIX = 699
DC (600) + DC (90) + IX (9) = 699
4. A bar over a Roman Numeral multiplies it by 1,000.
MV = 4,000 V = 5,000
XV = 15,000 XX = 20,000
<148>

149. / TABLES AT A GLANCE
Read from left to right and then from top to bottom to get the desired multiplication.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40
3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60
4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100
6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72 78 84 90 96 102 108 114 120
7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 91 98 105 112 119 126 133 140
8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 104 112 120 128 136 144 152 160
9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90 99 108 117 126 135 144 153 162 171 180
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 110 121 132 143 154 165 176 187 198 209 220
12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 132 144 156 168 180 192 204 216 228 240
13 26 39 52 65 78 91 104 117 130 143 156 169 182 195 208 221 234 247 260
14 28 42 56 70 84 98 112 126 140 154 168 182 196 210 224 238 252 266 280
15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300
16 32 48 64 80 96 112 128 144 160 176 192 208 224 240 256 272 288 304 320
17 34 51 68 85 102 119 136 153 170 187 204 221 238 255 272 289 306 323 340
18 36 54 72 90 108 126 144 162 180 198 216 234 252 270 288 306 324 342 360
19 38 57 76 95 114 133 152 171 190 209 228 247 266 285 304 323 342 361 380
20
40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 7

150. / MATHEMATICAL SYMBOLS
+ 1. plus, addition sign 2. positive
- 1. minus, subtraction sign
2. negative
x multiplied by
- divided by; also indicated by
oblique stroke (8/2)
or horizontal line
= equals; is equal to
t is not equal to
= is identical with; is congruent to
~ difference between; is equivalent to
= ~is approximately equal to
> is greater than
< is less than
^ is not greater than
< is not less than
< less than or equal to
> greater than or equal to
a is isomorphic to
is to; ratio sign
: : as used between ratio
00 infinity
* varies as, proportional to
.. therefore
since, because
L angle
L right angle
1 is perpendicular to
II is parallel to
% per cent
0 circle; circumference
n arc of a circle
A triangle
• square
1=1 rectangle
[J parallelogram
4 radical sign (i.e. square root sign)
5 sum
f integral
U union
ft intersection
e is a member of; is an element of;
belongs to
— is contained as subclass within
D contains as subclass
{ } set braces
0 the empty set.
II absolute value of; modulus of
<i is a normal subgroup of
M mean (population)
a standard deviation (population)
mean (sample)
5 standard deviation (sample)
TT ratio of circumference of any
circle to its diameter
base of natural logarithms
° degrees of arc or temperature
' minutes of arc or time; feet
" seconds of arc of time; inches
•<SQi>

151. MEASUREMENT
2
12
20
144
12
NUMBERS MEASURES
= 1
= 1 pair
= 1 dozen
= 1 score
= 1 gross
= 1 gross
1 great gross
Unit
units
units
units
units
dozen
1723 units or
PAPER MEASURES
24 sheets = 1 quire
20 quires
1 perfect ream
10 reams
500 sheets
= 1 ream
= 516 sheets
= 1 bale
= 1 commercial
ream
MEASURING TIME
Time is measured through the
following facts. It takes 3651/4 days for
the Earth to go once round the Sun.
It takes 24 hours (one day) for the
Earth to make one full rotation on its
axis.
60 Seconds
60 Minutes
24 Hours
7 Days
28,29,30 or 31 Days
12 Months
365 Days
366 Days
10 Years
100 Years
1000 Years
= 1 Minute
= 1 Hour
= 1 Day
= 1 Week
= 1 Month
= 1 Year
= 1 Year
= 1 Leap Year
= 1 Decade
= 1 Century
= 10 Centuries
= Millennium
Note : Fortnight means a period of two
weeks.
DENOTING TIME
The time after midnight and before
noon is referred to as Ante-Meridien
(a.m.) e.g. 3 a.m.
The time after noon and before
midnight is referred to as Post-
Meridien (p.m.) e.g. 6 p.m.
MEASURING WEEK
Number
of the day
1.
British Indian
Sunday Ravivar
2. Monday Somvar
3. Tuesday Mangalvar
4. Wednesday Budhvar
5. Thursday Guruvar
6. Friday Shukravar
7. Saturday Shanivar
MEASURING YEAR
1. January 31 days
2. February 28 days
3. March 31 days
4. April 30 days
5. May 31 days
6. June 30 days
7. July 31 days
8. August 31 days
9. September 30 days
10. October 31 days
11. November 30 days
12. December 31 days
<151)
Thirty Days have September,
April, June and November,
February has twenty-eight alone,
And all the rest have thirty-one !
Except in a leap year, there's the time
when February's days are twenty-nine.

152. X MEANING OF METRIC PREFIXES
Thousand
1000
Kilo
Hundred
100
hecto
Ten
10
deca
Basic Unit
1
Metric
units
metre,
litre,
gram
Tenth
1'10
deci
Hundredth
1/100
centi
Thousandth
A
'1000
milli
MEASUREMENT OF WEIGHT
10 Milligrams (mg) = 1 Centigram
10 Centigrams = 1 Decigram
10 Decigrams = 1 Gram
(1 g. = 1000 mg)
10 Grams = 1 Decagram
10 Decagrams = 1 Hectogram
10 Hectograms = 1 Kilogram
(1 kg. = 1000 g.)
10 Kilograms = 1 Myriogram
10 Myriograms = 1 Quintal
10 Quintals = 1 Metric Tonne
(1 tonne = 1000 kg.)
MEASURING TEMPERATURE
Degree Celsius or Degree Centigrade (°C)
The most widely used unit of temperature.
There are 100 degrees Celsius between the
normal freezing point of water (0°C) and the
boiling point of water (100°C).
DEGREE FAHRENHEIT (°F)
The unit of temperature
There are 180 degrees Fahrenheit between
the freezing point (32°F) and the boiling point
(212°F) of water. To convert °F to °C, subtract
32, multiply by 5, and divide by 9.
KELVIN (K)
The SI unit of temperature
Absolute zero has a
temperature of 0 K (zero kelvin), and one
kelvin is equivalent to a degree Celsius. The
kelvin scale does not have negative values.
MEASURES OF LENGTH
10 Millimetres = 1 Centimetre (cm.)
10 Centimetres = 1 Decimetre
10 Decimetres = 1 Metre
(1 m. = 100 cm. = 1000 mm.)
10 Metres = 1 Decametre
10 Decametres = 1 Hectometre
10 Hectometres = 1 Kilometre
(1 km. = 1000 m.)
MEASURES OF CAPACITY
10 Millimetres (ml.) =
10 Centilitres =
10 Decilitres =
10 Litres =
10 Decalitres =
10 Hectolitres =
1 Centilitre
1 Decilitre
1 Litre
( 1 litre = 1000 ml.)
1 Decalitre
1 Hectolitre
1 Kilolitre
KINDS OF ANGLES
r
(152>
Zero Angle
An angle of 0° is called
the Zero angle
Acute Angle
An acute angle is lesser than 90°
Right Angle
An angle of 90° is called
a right angle
Obtuse Angle
An obtuse angle lies
between 90° and 180°
Straight Angle
A straight angle = 2 right angles
= 180°
Reflex Angle
A reflex angle lies between
180° and 360°
Complete Angle
A complete angle = 4 right angles
= 360°
90°
180°
360°

153. / PREFIXES FOR UNITS
An international unit of measurement used in science
SI stands for Systeme International, which is French for "international system". The
system of SI units has been agreed for international use, so that scientists around the
world can all record the results of their experiments and make their calculations using
the same units. One example of an SI unit is the metre. This is the SI unit of length, and
equals the distance that light travels in 1/299,792,458 of a second through a vacuum.
Light is used as a standard because it has a constant speed.
SI UNITS
Basic SI units Derived SI units
Quantity Unit Symbol Quantity Unit Symbol
Length Metre m Area Square m2
Mass Kilogram kg metre
Time Second s Volume Cubic m3
Electric metre
current Ampere A Frequency Hertz Hz
Temperature Kelvin K Force Newton N
Light Pressure Pascal Pa
intensity Candela cd Energy Joule J
Amount Power Watt W
of substance Mole mol Electric
Basic SI units and derived SI units
potential
Volt
V
The seven basic units have scientific
Electrical
standards that define the size of the units
resistance
Ohm
Q
with great precision. The metre and its
Electric
standard are given in the entry above on
charge
Coulomb
C
SI units. Other basic units and derived
Radioactivity
Becquerel
Bq
units also have their own entries
elsewhere in the dictionary.
All derived units are related to the
basic SI units.
DECIMAL MULTIPLES AND SUBMULTIPLES
Decimal multiple Decimal submultiple
Name Symbol Multiple
tera T x 1,000,000,000,000 (1012)
giga G x 1,000,000,000 (109)
mega M x 1,000,000 (106)
kilo k x 1,000 (103)
hecto h x 100 (102)
deca da x 10
Using multiples and submultiples
Multiples and submultiples allow one unit to be
used whatever the amount measured. For
example, 1 kilogram (1 kg) is 1,000 grams, and I
milligram (1 mg) is one-thousandth of a gram.
Large masses are measured in kilograms, and
small masses in milligrams, as shown on the
fright.
Name
deci
centi
milli
micro
nano
pico
0 l 3 >
Symbol
d
c
m
M
n
P
Multiple
10
h- 100 (10-2)
1,000 (10-3)
1,000,000(10-6)
1,000,000,000 (10-9)
1,000,000,000,000 (10-12)
Note : kilo means a thousand times
hecto means a hundred times
deca means ten times
deci means a tenth part of
centi means a hundredth part of
milli means a thousandth part of

154. COMMON ABBREVIATIONS
A/c
Adj.
Advt.
Ans.
Aug.
a.m.
Amt.
Apr.
B. Ed.
B.C.
B.A.
B.Com.
B.B.C.
Capt.
C.I.D.
Co.
cm.
Col.
C/o
D/-
Dec.
D.I.G.
Diet.
D. Litt.
Do.
Dr.
D/o
Dft.
D.S.P.
Dis.
D.L.O.
Dpt.
E.
ECG
Ed.
Estd.
X
Account
1. Adjective
2. Adjustment
Advertisement
Answer
August
(ante meridiem) before
mid day
amount
April
Bachelor of Education
Before Christ
Bachelor of Arts
Bachelor of Commerce
British Broadcasting
Corporation
Captain
Criminal Investigation
Department
Company
Centimetres
Colonel (cjrfo)
Care of
Dated
December
Deputy Inspector General
Dictionary
Doctor of Literature
(ditto) the same as
aforesaid
1. Debtor
2. Doctor
Daughter of
Draft
Deputy Superintendent of
Police
Discount
Dead Letter Office
Department
East
Electrocardiograph
Editorial
Established
ex.
E. & O.E.
Esp.
Etc.
Feb.
Fig.
ft.
F.
Fem.
F.o.r.
Gen.
Gm.
G.P.O.
H.
Hon.
h., hr.
H.Q.
I.A.
I.C.U.
I.G.
i.e.
int.
Jan.
junc.
Kc.
km.
kg.
kl.
lb.
Ltd.
lab.
Lt.
Lt. Gov.
Mad.
M.D.
Min.
ml.
M.L.A.
Mme.
M.P.
Mrs.
M.B.
M.B.A.
M/s.
= Example
= Errors and omissions
excepted
= Especially
= (etcetera) and the other
= February
= Figure
= feet
= Fahrenheit
= Feminine
= Free on rail
= General
= gram
= General Post Office
= Hydrogen
= Honourable
= hour
= headquarters
= Indian Army
= Intensive Care Unit
= Inspector General
= (id est) that is
= interest
= January
= junction
= kilo cycle
= Kilometre
= kilogram
= kilo litre
= (libra) pound
= Limited
= laboratory
= Lieutenant
= Lieutenant Governor
= Madam
= Doctor of Medicine
= minute
= Milli-iitre
= Member of legislative
Assembly
= Madame
= Member of Parliament
= Mistress
= Bachelor of Medicine
= Master of Business
Administration
= Messrs
< 1 5 4 >

155. A misc.
M.A.
M.O.
Mr.
m.p.h.
N.B.
Neg.
No.
Nov.
O.
Oct.
Opp.
Obj.
O.K.
Oz.
P.C.
Ph. D.
pm.
P.O.
P.T.
P.T.O.
p.c.
plu.
P.M.
Pt.
pt.
P.W.D.
Q.
Qty.
qr.
Re.
Retd.
R.S.V.P.
Rd.
ref.
Rs.
S/o
Secy.
Sec.
miscellaneous
Master of Arts
1. Money Order
2. Medical Officer
Mister
miles per hour
(nota bene) Note well
Negative
(numero) in number
November
Oxygen
October
Opposite
Object
(Okeh) All correct
ounce
Post Card
Doctor of Philosophy
premium
Post Office
Physical Training
Please turn over
(percent) by the hundred
plural
1. Prime Minister
2. (Post Meridiem)
Afternoon
Pandit
Point
Public Works Department
Question
Quantity
quarter
Rupee
Retired
(Respondez s'il vous
plait) reply, if you please
Road
reference
Rupees
Son of
Secretary
Secondary
Sep.
St.
S.
Sat.
sec.
sig.
sing.
Sub.
T.B.
Tel.
T.O.
T.V.
tech.
tele.
tr.
U.S.S.R.
U.D.C.
U.P.
U.S.A.
U.
U.K.
Vid.
V.P.
V.P.P.
V.
viz.
V.I.P.
Wed.
W/o
W.H.O.
W.
w.f.
wt.
Xm.
X
Yr.
Zn.
&
= September
= 1. Street
2. Saint
= South
= Saturday
= second
= signature
= singular
= Subject
= Tuberculosis
= Telegraph
= Turnover
= Television
= technical
= telephone
= transfer
= Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics
= Upper Division Clerk
= Uttar Pradesh
= United States of America
= Uranium
= United Kingdom
= (vide) see
= Vice-President
= Value payable parcel
= (versus) against
= (videlicet) namely
= Very Important Person
= Wednesday
= Wife of
= World Health
Organisation
= West
= wrong fount
= weight
= (X'mas) Christmas
= numeral for ten
= Year
= Zinc
= (et.) and
(155)

156. / WORDS WHICH COMMONLY CONFUSE N
Accept (3Tcj#e)
Cattle (%cr?f)
Except (i^cHW)
Kettle ( t o )
Access (anf^f)
^ j ; "TFt.
Cloth (cfcnar)
Excess (wn^rr)
3Tf?IcjKn; yqRT.
Clothes (cfvTt^vi)
Advice (^CII^-H)
Cost (WRS)
Advise (T^JT^MI)
Cast
Angel (tjsra)
Caste ( CPTTS)
Angle (^Tcf)
Cheque (^fr)
Accident
ttrsn ^TT; M>tmyf ^n.
Check (^P)
Incident
Canvas (IRCRI)
Affect ( s i t e)
Canvass (t^Tcra)
Cite ( w e )
Effect
Site (mi?)
Bad
Card
Bed (ts)
Bail (ta)
wra; MRuih.
Cord ( w i)
MiMHd.
Course (c^rf )
Bale
^ fTT.
f t e ; ^ .
Coarse (ctfrtf)
Bridal (sT^Sc?)
Die ("STf)
Bridle (iTf^ei)
cFTR.
Die ( w )
Brake (tcp)
Dye
Break (sftf)
ot^n; wrrcftm?!.
Desert (^H^)
Born
Dessert
Borne (efa)
^ ^ cR^ri.
Bear («I3R)
Bear
cf^TRf,
Beer (^terc)
uft ^f TRTEf.
Birth (*jaf)
Berth (era*)
Blow (^cfr)
Below (t^cft)
Buy («rr|)
^TtcT c^TT,' ^tSRT .
By ( ^ i)
Blue
Blew (^o^)
Beside ( f t ^ s )
Besides (fiRTT^sxH)
Dear (few?)
Deer (^Rre)
Dairy
Diary (^raft)
Dose (^m)
Doze (^Tyf)
Draught (^irc)
Drought (^rae)
Elder ( " ^ f)
Older (3TW?)
Eligible (^feTWeT)
Illegible (^rwcf)
Farmer ( w f t)
Former (xtfrfo)
'TTecP ip TTT^T; 3rfiFtaT.
f i t ; tcP ^JldlH cPT 3TT5TI
^cj^l 0M-SI.
*M<JM-II cf><HT.
w i ^n; cpan; 6TOR.
"?«TR; wfii.
VRft.
MicjiishH; ftrepji-f^.
; "EFFEN;-PTR W C P T .
•snn.
TfRT.
"T^Rajef.
% JtRRT ^TCf vJfFj
fiftl
f^rui.
RlH^iji fcT^t ijR-dcbl.
T^s; cug ^Tfcm.
•^ST.
^ST; arfsjcp arrg ^TcTT.
^r WFf "ZTT1^.
3TPTE.
fcfRTH.
<156)

157. Farm (tprt)
Form (TfiW)
Fair (%3R)
Fare
Floor (WR)
Flour (tfcTTvJ?)
Feet (T^te)
Feat
Gate
Gait Ote)
Heal (fter)
Heel (fta)
Here
Hear ( H o r )
Hole ( t t t)
Whole (^TeT)
Herd ( j i )
Heard (^t)
Hair (%*rc)
Hare (%3R)
Heart
Hurt ( j i )
Idle ( a n ^ t)
Ideal (anf^Rra)
Industrial (^gft^ra)
Industrious (^sf^ro)
Luxurious (<Hj^R3TFF)
Luxuriant (cPxgWe)
Latter (ete*)
Letter (cte?)
Lesson (eRR)
Lessen (eR?R)
Lose (cJst)
Loose (c$h)
Marry
Merry (^fft)
Meet
Meat (#3)
MSfjMleH
"gtR; ^ToTT.
'HTST; tffviR.
•pj^' rlcT.
an^T;
tfc.
xWecbU.
W 0 ; cjyclHI.
"^TTef; "TfrJ.
<?T<J5 e-RT; tllcl cPT .
Wf.
Tjpt; ^TRjirf.
"elTcT.
^grrfm.
fcTcl.
xmra.
tcFR; 3TTcT#;
; cpT.
^f; 3TSR.
^ T T ; jTc|HI .
"StcTI.
fcran: cj^n.
ftoRT.
Mail
Male ( t a)
Not (-qfe)
Knot Ote)
Naughty
Knotty
Nice
Niece
Our (3TT3?)
Hour (3TT33R)
Practice (trffen)
Practise (frffejH)
Plan (tcTH)
Plane
Plain
Pale (^T)
Pail ( t a)
Popular (^gcR)
Populous (if^geRT)
Pour (tfR)
Pore (*fR)
Prescribe (fawr^i)
Proscribe
Pray (3)
Prey (it)
Peace (i?Rf)
Piece (Tfrfl)
Pain (iR)
Pane (iR)
Price (TfT^f)
Prize (wis)
Pair (tore)
Pare (ifcR)
Peal (iter)
Peel (iter)
Quiet (cfEfrre)
Quite ("WT^e)
"STcp.
Tfte.
yHK^I; HdUci.
JltdcJW; cpfe^.
FTRT.
•sfer.
3TWTRT.
"jf^RT.
"SRI eRFIT 13JT; 'q^l ^CT
Tj^TeTTtTR "TT^t cRTRI;
3nfcT cpt vJ^eHI.
Tttfq.
ftm ^PRI; ftqfojr CFvrt .
Tnafal cfi^n.
TTtfcF;
cflHd;:,Jc3I; ^R; TRl.
ufr^T; yjt^t; "J7!^
cblriHI; WH cfi^n; W^TT.
f&efcbl vidKHI.
TTTd; P^ttcH.
s
J

158. / Rain
Reign (^i)
Rein (^r)
Ring (f?n)
Wring ( # r)
Route (i^e)
Root (^e)
Right
Rite (^ife)
Write
Roll ( ^ i )
Role ("tfei)
Sale (^ra)
Sail ("^TeT)
See ( # )
Sea ( # )
Steal (^tcf)
Steel (^of)
Sing (ftR)
Swing ('Rjr)
Sensible
Sensitive ("#tftfeci)
Suit ("ge)
Suite ("qe)
Soot(^e)
Sole
Soul
Story (^tft)
Storey (^rfl)
Stationary ( ^ n f l )
Stationery (t£?r?»)
Sun (^JR)
Son ( T R )
Sore (^R)
Soar ("tfR)
Sour (^rra?)
cT^rf.
TFFTR; TTvII TTjR<1 .
cPTR; wfeR.
Pl^l-SHI "9T "tRt^TT.
wf.
flfcl, TPT.
feRsRT.
WTvT ^rqife-ipl ifTcf tRl.
^^ne^P % W cPT 3ff5RZf.
ftsft.
1TRT.
"HRT.
SJcTT.
ff^TTH;
"Ef^mcT; Ticr^Rftef.
cfnRt cPT^e.
chlf^y.
"cTeTT; cTefcTI.
OTcRT;
^PFFft; cpaiT.
irer.
vT^RT;
"0IT.
Their (^R)
There (^R)
Tail (tci)
Tale (tei)
Throne (arR)
Thrown (?tR)
Teem
Team (^fa)
Vale
Veil
Vain (cR)
Vein (iR)
Vacation (3%yr)
Vocation
Waste (ifte)
Waist (im)
Weather
Whether ( ^ r )
Wear (^RR)
Ware (%j r)
Weak
Week Ofop)
Weigh (*)
Way (if)
Wine (cfT^)
Vine ( CTT^T )
Wander (cff^)
Wonder (cte?)
Weight (ite)
Wait (ire)
Yolk
Yoke (Tfcp)
cTFT; ISIR ^R.
cm "^ct
tj^i; l^pl; "^qe.
•RT^r.
3TcRPm.
cpTR.
T F R R .
"qft.
WRT; SJRT tP^RT.
cfHTufR; c^ol.
TFTCRT.
TRFFT.
7 R R .
eft eRTT ^IT «fcT.
3 M R T ^ R T .
T ? R # T T ; 3TTFJRF CFR^TT.
CFJJR; T R .
Tf^fSn ^JR^TT.
eft >ir£f.
tlcff eft v^ff (xgft

159. / ONE WORD SUBSTITUTIONS
Alien (TjfeRR) A person residing in a country of which he is not a citizen.
Anarchy (3HT^) 3NMcbdi Absence of Government,
Annual ("^ara) wf^fi Happening every year.
Anonymous (3rT%to) 'j^Rm That does not bear the name of the writer.
Antiseptic (^iiuj^sjcp) ^rcraJ That which counteracts purification.
Aquatic VHCH^n Living in (or near) water.
Atheist (arafRe) HiR-d* One who does not believe in god.
Audience (sfffciHT) srmFm An assembly of listeners.
Autobiography (sff^MfRt-TTTtfr) an^wm The life story of a person written by himself.
Amateur (WzfR) W ^ T H T One who pursues some art or sport as hobby.
Autograph (affst-WP) -gg® ^zrfrfi % I ^ T S R To get signature of some important person in his own
hand writing.
Bankrupt (tfcrre) (or Insolvent) teciifdiii One who cannot pay off his debt.
Biography itfra^l The life story of a person.
Brittle (Hren) jpgRi Liable to be easily broken.
Botany (wfc^t) cm-qfa f^rsTH The science of vegetable life.
Barometer (tRffle?) c i i^u^ii t^tto i f s An instrument for measuring atmospheric
pressure.
Blonde ( ^ u ^ ) h ^rr^t 3 # A beautiful lady of fair complexion and
golden hair.
Cantonment Temporary quarters made for military men.
Catalogue (4?rfHT'i) ^ M d A list of the names of books.
Century ( ^ g f l ) yidi«?i One hundred years.
Colleagues (gMT'XH) ^ - ^ r N n f f Persons working together in the same institution.
Combustible (cb^*<?McH) y^eHsTlcH Liable to catch fire easily.
Contagious warmp A disease communicable by contact.
Credulous ( F B ^ C W - I ) CPR m One who believes easily whatever is told.
Democracy wra^ Government of the people, by the people, for the people.
Dictionary (ferer^fl) A book which tells what various words mean.
Edible (-qf^ra) ^ ^fpu Fit to be eaten.
Eligible (QRHRHeid) ^fr^J One who is fit to be elected.
Extempore ( i ^ u f w ) d^bicH TTfro A speech made without previous preparation.
Egoist 3Tfcn^I A person who always thinks of himself.
Fastidious ( W R ^ R F ^ R A ) ^ R T S U Hard to please.
Fatal Were* That which causes death. (159) /

160. /
Fatalist (tftefaree) One who believes in fate.
Fiend (^ft^s) H^RVIN A most wicked and cruel man.
Germicide (^rifar^s) Substance having power to destroy germs.
Honorary (3fF^I) A post for which no salary is paid.
Hospitable (^IMfera) OTfas^cmff One who entertains his guests.
Hades ^rrara Lower world beneath the earth.
Hearse Vehicles to carry corpse (dead body).
Holdall (£)d^fd) A canvas bag to hold bedding etc.
Honeymoon ( F F R P ) ^ H K M The first night of a newly married couple.
Hoyden ^d^et) ers^f A very romping girl.
Hydra (¥T^|T) f r w i An imaginary serpent with many heads.
Hypnotism (fenifevH) wrIf^ fen A science of hypnosis by which a hypnotist can induce an
artificial sleep on others.
Illegal ($dcft<id) srtrtr Contrary to law.
Illegible (^d^f^eid) awd^ii That which cannot be read.
Illiterate One who can neither read nor write.
Immovable That which cannot be moved.
Inaccessible ( f ^ ar^fMlcra) STTR Incapable of being approached.
Inaudible ( ^ affffera) That which cannot be heard.
Incredible ( ^ tbR;«id) 3rfSre^rcr%J That which cannot be believed.
Indispensable (snOw-i^-Md) 3iPicji4 That which cannot be dispensed with.
Ineligible ( ^ j f o ^ k H ) 3r*fRf Not fit to be elected or selected.
Infallible (^ibichdd) awpvf A person who cannot make a mistake.
Insatiable (3H<i^Md) did^fi That which cannot be satisfied.
Inseparable (^H^M^d) 3if3m That cannot be separated.
Insoluble (<H<Hlc^d) srgcRiflcf That cannot be dissolved.
Insurmountable ( ^ m f e ^ r a ) That cannot be overcome.
Invincible (^nRnRHeid) ar^ta Incapable of being conquered.
Invisible ar^rai That cannot be seen.
Irrelevant (s^cWd) aFTifci Not to the point.
Irreparable (sjyR^tid) anrtoRi That cannot be repaired.
Irritable (^Riefd) Ri-ssRi^si One who is quick to anger.
Kindergarten ( f e s n T ^ ) f^T^jaff "ept A school for kids.
Kidnap ( f ^ g ^ j ) 3W£>iui To carry away a person forcibly.
Library (HT^tff) ^TcPTcTO A place containing books for reading or reference.
Linguist (fc^Re) One who knows many languages.
(160) /

161. / Maiden speech % G R T fen w w i TWJT A speech made for the first time.
Manuscript (^gfeFe) mu^leift Papers written by hand.
Mercenary 9Rcfr^q A man working merely for money.
Migratory (^i^ilri^l) WMHPTff That moves from one place to another.
Millennium (ferfem) "rr^Rn^l Thousand years.
Matinee ^TF? ^ f^TT A cinema show which is held in the afternoon.
Manifesto (^-TlWl) "efrnwr—^T^r A written declaration of Government or a political party
Manna (*IHT) ^raraff ^rm Food offered to the Gods.
Matrimonial (t^Fftfera) fen? Concerning marriage.
Nurse yR^iRchi A lady who attends sick person or infants.
Notorious (^Mfara) ^ r m , ^pft Of evil reputation.
Omnipotent "^ferfetTR One who is powerful.
Omnipresent ( s f F W r ^ ) ^fezmrcp One who is present everywhere.
Omniscient ( a i l ^ W ) TferraT One who knows everything.
Opaque (afefi) aiMKcjyfcb A lady who attends sick persons or infants.
Optician ^n ^Ten One who prescribes glasses.
Optimist 3TI?MT?[ One who takes the bright side of things.
Orphan ( s t r i r ) aRiar A child whose parents are dead.
Oasis (cj^Rh'H) A shady fertile place in the desert.
Orthodox (snafrsfer) *ifdcii<?i A man of traditional beliefs.
Panacea (^hiRwi) ^Hdiui 3fmfSr A remedy for all ills.
Pedestrian One who walks on foot.
Pessimist ( M r f e s ) femraT^f One who takes the dark side of things.
Pickpocket ^fa 3KRT One who steals from the pockets of others.
Popular (Ml^eN) ^nffiter One who is liked by the people.
Postmortem ^rftsn An examination made after death.
Posthumous TRuitTRRi Something done for a person after his death, like being awarded.
Parables (^t^r^a) itfct ^parnj Stories which build moral.
Quorum ^HdH 3ficiyi|ch w i Required minimum number of members to be present in the
meeting to pass a resolution.
Right srfSjcPR Privilege, enjoyed by citizens.
Shrew ("faqj SFFSTOJ^ A peevish woman.
Scholarship (<w>IcnRim) W5f^frf Allowance given to intelligent students.
Sanatorium ( ^ d l R i w ) strT^i 3TTSR A place for invalids and convalescents.
Teetotaller (^Tet^cR) w p ^ ^len One who totally abstains from alcoholic drinks.
Tryst TPTO ^sra a place for meeting of two lovers.
(161) /

162. /
Transparent A body through which light can pass.
Turncoat (e4cbte) R-i^id wnTf A person who changes his party or principles easily.
Unavoidable arawwnft That which cannot be avoided.
Unintelligible (sR-g^fciftraci) arato That which cannot be understood.
Universal (^Pfe^d) ftfl^zmft A rule that is applicable to all.
Vegetarian siicbi^ One who lives on vegetables only.
Veteran (cr^TR) One who has long experience.
Voluntary (^Tclttl) few ^t Of one's own free will.
Waterproof ( d l e ^ ) ^ra a f e t o Through which water cannot pass.
Widow ( f e t ) ferai A woman whose husband is dead.
Widower (fetere) fej* A man whose wife is dead.
Zoo (vsjj Hrfemrc A place where birds, animals etc. are kept.
(162) /

163. / WORLD - FAMOUS
FAMOUS MOUNTAINS
Height
Location (feet)
Everest Nepal/Tibet 29,028
K2 Kashmir 28,250
Kanchenjunga Sikkim 28,168
Nanga Parbat Kashmir 26,660
Annapurna Nepal 26,504
Nanda Devi India 25,645
Kamet India/Tibet 25,447
Communism Peak U.S.S.R 24,590
Aconcagua Argentina 22,834
Mackinlev Alakska 20,320
Cotopaxi Ecuador 19,344
Kilimanjaro Tanzania 19,340
Elburz U.S.S.R. 18,481
Popocatapetl Mexico 17,887
Kenya Kenya 17,068
Ararat Turkey 17,000
Ruwenzori Uganda/
Cangolese
Republic 16,795
Mont Blanc France 15,771
FAMOUS BRIDGES
Waterway
Location (miles)
Zambezi Africa 27 a
Storstrom Denmark 2
Tay (Rail) Scotland 2
Upper Sone India 17s
Godavari India 174
Forth (Rail) Scotland 172
Salazar, Lisbon Portugal 174
Tay (Road) Scotland 174
Forth (Road) Scotland 17 8
Golden Gate, San
Francisco U.S.A. 17s
Hardinge India 1
Orinoco Venezuela 1
Severn England 1
Victoria Jubilee,
Montreal Canada 1
Sydney Harbour Australia 74
FAMOUS RIVERS
Location
Nile Africa
Amazon South America
Yangtze-Kiang China
Congo
Mekong
Ob
Lena
Mackenzie
Hwang Ho
Niger
Amur
Parana
Yenisei
Mississippi
Volga
Colorado
St. Lawrence
Yukon
Brahmaputra
Danube
Euphrates
Indus
Zambezi
Ganges
Length
(miles)
4,160
3,900
3,400
3,000
2,800
2,700
2,680
2,635
2,600
2,600
2,500
2,500
2,500
2,340
2,300
2,000
2,000
2,000
1,800
1,720
1,700
Africa
S.E. Asia
U.S.S.R.
U.S.S.R.
Canada
China
Africa
U.S.S.R.
South America
U.S.S.R.
U.S.A.
U.S.S.R.
U.S.A.
Canada
Canada
Tibet/India
Europe
Turkey/Syria/Iraq
Tibet/India/Pakistan 1,700
Africa 1,600
India 1,560
FAMOUS VOLCANOES
Cotopaxi
Mauna Loa
Erebus
Etna •
Ruapehu
Paricutin
Hekla
Vesuvius
Stromboli
Krakatau
Height
Location
Ecuador
Hawaii
Antarctica
Sicily
New Zealand
Mexico
Iceland
Italy
Italy
Indonesia
(feet)
19,612
13,680
12,450
10,958
9,175
7,451
4,892
4,190
3,038
2,667
<163)

164. FAMOUS LAKES
Area
Location (Sq. feet)
Caspian Sea U.S.S.R. 143,550
Superior Canada/U.S.A. 31,800
Victoria Africa 26,800
Aral Sea U.S.S.R. 25,300
Huron Canada/U.S.A. 23,000
Michigan U.S.A. 22,400
Tanganyika Africa 12,700
Great Bear Canada 12,275
Baikal U.S.S.R. 11,780
Nyasa Africa 11,430
Great Slave Canada 10,980
Chad Africa 10,000
Erie Canada/U.S.A. 9,940
Ladoga U.S.S.R. 7,000
Onega U.S.S.R. 3,800
Titicaca Bolivia/Peru 3,200
FAMOUS & LARGEST CITIES
Tokyo Japan Djakarta Indonesia
Shanghai China Rio de Janeiro Brazil
New York U.S.A. Seoul Korea
London, Leningrad U.S.S.R.
Greater England Chicago U.S.A.
Buenos Aires Argentina Berlin (E & W) Germany
Moscow U.S.S.R. Mexico City Mexico
Peking China Tientsin China
Sao Paulo Brazil Osaka Japan
Mumbai India Kolkata India
Cairo U.A.R. Tehran Iran
New Delhi India Chennai India
X
NAMES OF OCEANS
Antarctic Arctic
Atlantic Indian
Pacific
NAMES OF THE CONTINENTS
Africa Antarctica Asia Australia
Europe North America
South America
< j 6 4 >

165. / TOWNS ASSOCIATED WITH INDUSTRIES
FOREIGN
Town Country Industries
Baku Russia Petroleum
Bangkok Thailand Shipping
Belfast Ireland Ship-building and Linen Goods
Buenos Aires Argentina Dairy Products
Cadiz Spain Cork
Chicago U.S.A. Gramophone
Detroit U.S.A. Automobiles
Dresden U.S.A. Optical and Photographic Apparatus
Glasgow Scotland Machinery, Textile
Havana Cuba Cigar
Hollywood U.S.A. Films
Johannesburg South Africa Gold mines
Kimberley South Africa Diamond Mining
Leeds England Woollen Goods
Los Angeles U.S.A. Films, Oil
Lyons France Silk
Morocco North Africa Leather
Munich Germany Lenses
New Orleans U.S.A. Cotton
Pittsburgh U.S.A. Iron and Steel
Plymouth England Ship-building
Sheffield England Cutlery
Venice Italy Glass
Vienna Austria Glass
Wellington New Zealand Dairy Products
INDIAN
X
Town
Ahmedabad
Aligarh
Alwaye
Ambarnath
(Near Mumbai)
Ankleshwar (Gujarat)
Bangalore
Bareilly
Industries
Cotton
Locks
Rare Earths Factory
Machine Tools (Prototype Factory)
Oil
Cotton Textiles, Toys, Carpets, Motors,
Aircraft, Indian Telephone
Industries and Machine Tools
Resin Industry, Woodwork
< T 6 5 >

166. Town
Batanagar
Bhilai
Bhopal
Bokaro
Mumbai
Kolkata
Chhindwara
(Madhya Pradesh)
Chittaranjan
(West Bengal)
Churk (U.P.)
Delhi
Dhariwal
Digboi
Durgapur
Ferozabad
Guntur
Gwalior
Howrah
Jaipur
Jagadhari
Jalahalli
Jamshedpur
(Tatanagar)
Jharia
Kanpur
Katni
Khetri
Koyali
Ludhiana
Moradabad
Mysore
Nangal
Nepanagar
Neyveli
Noonamati
Perambur
(Near Madras)
Industries
Shoes
Steel
Heavy Electricals
Steel Plant
Cotton Textile, Cinema
Jute Manufacture, Electric Bulbs and Lamps
Lime-stone, Coal
Locomotives
Cement
D.D.T., Textiles and Housing
Woollen goods
Petroleum
Steel
Glass
Cotton Manufacture
Pottery
Jute
Embroidery, Pottery and Brassware
Paper
Machine Tools Factory and Electronics
Iron and Steel goods
Coal
Leather, Shoes
Cement
Copper
Petro-chemicals
Hosiery
Utensils,Calico printing
Silk
Fertilizers
Newsprint
Lignite
Oil refining
Railway Coaches Factory
<166>

167. Town
i
Industries
Pinjore (Haryana) Machine Tools
Pimpri (Pune) Penicillin Factory
Rana Pratap Sagar Atomic Power Plant
Raniganj Coal mining
Rourkela Steel, Fertilizer
Rupnarainpur Cables
(West Bengal)
Sindri Fertilizer
Singareni (Andhra) Coal
Singhbhum Copper
Surat Textiles
Suratgarh Modern Agricultural Farm
Tiruchirapalli Cigar
Titagarh Paper
Trombay Atomic Reactors, Fertilizers
Varanasi Silk Textile
Vishakhapatnam Ship-building
TOWNS SITUATED ON RIVER BANKS
FOREIGN
Town River Town River
1. Baghdad Tigris
2. Belgrade Danube 16. Moscow Moskva
3. Berlin Spree 17. New York Hudson
4. Budapest Danube 18. Ottawa St. Lawrence
5. Buenos Aires La Plata 19. Paris Seine
6. Cairo Nile 20. Prague Vitava
7. Dublin Liffey
21. Quebec St. Lawrence
8.
9.
Hang Chow
Kabul
Yangtse-Kiang
Kabul
22. Rangoon Irrawadi
10. Karachi Sindh 23. Rome Tiber
11. Khartoum Nile 24. St. Louis Mississippi
12. Lahore Ravi 25. Sydney Darling
13. Lisbon Tag us 26. Tokyo Arakawa
14. London Thames 27. Vienna Danube
15. Madrid Menzaneres 28. Warsaw Vistula
CT67) /

168. / TOWNS SITUATED ON RIVER BANKS
INDIAN
Town River Town River
1. Agra Jamuna 13. Jabalpur Narbada
2. Allahabad Confluence of 14. Kanpur Ganges
the Ganges 15. Kotah Chambal
and the Jamuna 16. Leh Indus
& Saraswati 17. Lucknow Gomti
3. Ayodhya Saryu 18. Nasik Godavari
4. Badrinath Alaknanda 19. Pandharpur Bhima
5. Kolkata Hoogly 20. Patna Ganges
6. Cuttack Mahanadi 21. Saikowaghat Brahmaputra
7. Delhi Jamuna 22. Sambalpur Mahanadi
8. Dibrugarh Brahmaputra 23. Srinagar Jhelum
9. Ferozepore Sutluj 24. Srirangapatnam Cauvery
10. Guwahati Brahmaputra 25. Surat Tapti
11. Hardwar Ganges 26. Varanasi Ganges
12. Hyderabad Musi 27. Vijayawada Krishna
MINERALS IN INDIA
Mineral Name of the State
1. Aluminium (qc^ftP^H) (1) Orissa (2) Bihar
(from Bauxite)
2. Asbestos ("^ ciicHi d-^HAi emj) (1) Karnataka (2) Bihar
3. China Clay ftfl) (1) Bihar (2) Kerala
4. Cobalt ('Plere % ttch t fW sjt^) (1) Rajasthan (2) Kerala
5. Coal (cbl^di) (1) West Bengal (2) Bihar
6. Copper (diHi) (1) Bihar (2) Rajasthan
7. Diamond (1) Madhya Pradesh (2) Andhra Pradesh
8. Gold (^PTi) (1) Karnataka (2) Andhra Pradesh
9. Gypsum ( u f ^i (1) Rajasthan (2) Tamil Nadu
10. Iron (effFf) (1) Bihar (2) Orissa
11. Lead (#^tt) (1) Rajasthan
12. Zinc (uH-di) (1) Rajasthan
13. Limestone (^t 'qRarc) (1) Madhya Pradesh (2) Andhra Pradesh
14. Manganese (^i-Tltf) (1) Madhya Pradesh (2) Andhra Pradesh
15. Marble ( w j m ) (1) Rajasthan
16. Mica (1) Bihar (2) Andhra Pradesh
17. Petroleum (^rfcRFi) (1) Assam (2) Gujarat
18. Red Stone {tmw&R) (1) Rajasthan
19. Silver (^rMt) (1) Karnataka (2) Bihar
20. Tungsten ( ^ ^ t f t n f l t n ^ ) (1) Bihar (2) Maharashtra
21. Thorium ucbu eft tn^) (1) Kerala (2) Rajasthan
22. Uranium (f^isTld ^RjaiI ^i^ch (1) Bihar (2) Kerala
(m) '

169. / AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS IN INDIA
Agricultural Product Name of the State
1. Barley ("sft) (a) Punjab (b) U.P.
2. Cinchona (J^H 4>l ^rs) (a) Tamil Nadu (b) Kerala
3. Cashew nut (^Tujj (a) Karnataka (b) Tamil Nadu
4. Coconut & Copra (fen) (a) Kerala (b) Tamil Nadu
5. Coffee (cwfr) (a) Karnataka (b) Kerala
6. Cotton (chMKH) (a) Maharashtra (b) Gujarat
7. Indigo (fei) (a) Bihar (b) Tamil Nadu
8. Jute (Md^H) (a) West Bengal (b) Assam
9. Maize (TO) (a) U.P. (b) Bihar
10. Rice (*iicid) (a) West Bengal (b) Andhra Pradesh
11. Sandal Wood (a) Karnataka
12. Sugarcane ( ' H i) (a) U.P. (b) Bihar
13. Spices {M t-wic}) (a) Kerala (b) Karnataka
14. Tea (a) Assam (b) Kerala
15. Tobacco (a) Maharashtra (b) Tamil Nadu
16. Wheat m j (a) Punjab (b) U.P.
FAMOUS BOOKS BY FOREIGN AUTHORS
Books
A Stranger in the Mirror
Anna Karenina
A Farewell to Arms
Adventures of Sherlock Holmes
Alice in Wonderland
Affluent Society
A Passage to India
Androcles and the Lion
All Quiet on the Western Front
A Tale of Two Cities
A Week with Gandhi
Ambassador's Report
Arms and the Man
Asian Drama
Authors
Sidney Sheldon
Leo Tolstoy
Ernest Hemingway
Arthur Conan Doyle
Lewis Carroll
J.K. Galbraith
E.M. Forster
George Bernard Shaw
Eric Maria Remarque
Charles Dickens
Louis Fischer
Chester Bowles
George Bernard Shaw
Gunnar Myrdal

170. Antony and Cleopatra
As You Like It
August 1914
Babbit
Blind Ambitions
Bitter Sweet
Ben Hur
Blind Beauty
Candida
Candide
Cancer Ward
Comedy of Errors
Crime and Punishment
Caesar and Cleopatra
Canterbury Tales
Count of Monte Cristo
Crisis in India, The
David Copperfield
Das Kapital
Doctor's Dilemma
Death of a President
Don Quixote
Doctor's Wife
Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
Dr. Zhivago
Deserted Village
Decline and Fall of the Roman
Empire
Divine Comedy
Education of a Public Man, The
Ends and Means
Expanding Universe
Essays of Elia
Emma
Freedom in Arms
Freedom at Midnight
Far From the Madding Crowd
For Whom the Bell Tolls
Forsyte Saga
William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare
Alexander Solzhenitsyn
Sinclair Lewis
John Dean
Noel Coward
Lewis Wallace
Boris Pasternak
George Bernard Shaw
Voltaire
Alexander Solzhenitsyn
William Shakespeare
Fyodor Dostoevsky
George Bernard Shaw
Geoffrey Chaucer
Alexander Dumas
Ronald Segal
Charles Dickens
Karl Marx
George Bernard Shaw
William Manchester
Miguel de Cervantes
Brian Moore
Robert Louis Stevenson
Boris Pasternak
Oliver Goldsmith
Edward Gibbon
Dante
Hubert H. Humphrey
Aldous Huxley
Eddington
Charles Lamb
Jane Austen
A.L. Morton
Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre
Thomas Hardy
Ernest Hemingway
John Galsworthy

171. 1
Books Authors
Faust J.W. Von Goethe
Father and Sons Ivan Turgenev
First Circle Alexander Solzhenitsyn
Fenius and Lust Henry Miller
Friends, Not Masters Ayub Khan
Gone with the Wind Margaret Mitchell
Gathering Storm Winston Churchill
Great Illusion Norman Angel
Good Earth Pearl S. Buck
Gulag Archipelago Alexander Solzhenitsyn
Great Expectations Charles Dickens
Gulliver's Travels Jonathan Swift
Gulistan Sheikh Saadi
Hamlet William Shakespeare
Harry Potter J.R. Rowling
Humboldt's Gift Saul Bellow
Hunchback of Notre Dame Victor Hugo
Inside Asia John Gunther
Inside Africa John Gunther
Idylls of the King Alfred Tennyson
Iliad Homer
Invisible Man H.G. Wells
Ivanhoe Sir Walter Scott
Jane Eyre Charlotte Bronte
J.P.- His Biography Allan and Wendy Scarfe
Jungle Book Rudyard Kipling
Jean Christopher Romain Rolland
Julius Caesar William Shakespeare
Kennilworth Sir Walter Scott
Kidnapped Robert Louis Stevenson
Kim Rudyard Kipling
King Lear William Shakespeare
Kipps H.G. Wells
Le Contract Social (Social Contract) J.J. Rousseau
Lady Chatterley's Lover D.H. Lawrence
Lead Kindly Light Vincent Shean
Love Story Eric Segal
Les Miserables Victor Hugo

172. Books
Lycidas
Living Room
Lolita
L' Allegro
Life of Dr. Johnson
Magic Mountain
Macbeth
Major Barbara
Man and Superman
Man Eaters of Kumaon
Man, the Unknown
Mother
Mother India
Mein Kampf
Murder in the Cathedral
Merchant of Venice
Much Ado About Nothing
Mysterious Universe
Marriage and Morals
Nine Days Wonder
Nemesis
Nineteen Eighty Four
Oliver Twist
Of Human Bondage
Odyssey
One World
Origin of Species
Othello
Old Man and the Sea
Pride and Prejudice
Pakistan Crisis
Paradise Lost
Promises to Keep
Pilgrim's Progress
Pygmalion
Peter Pan
Prince
Public Persons
Pickwick Papers
Rain King, The
Rainbow, The
Reprieve
Rape of the Lock
Authors
John Milton
Graham Greene
V. Nobokov
John Milton
James Boswell
Thomas Mann
William Shakespeare
George Bernard Shaw
George Bernard Shaw
Jim Corbett
Lewis Carroll
Maxim Gorky
Katherine Mayo
Adolf Hitler
T.S. Eliot
William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare
James Jeans
Bertrand Russell
John Mansfield
Emile Zola
George Orwell
Charles Dickens
W. Somerset Maugham
Homer
Wendell Wilkie
Charles Darwin
William Shakespeare
Ernest Hemingway
Jane Austen
David Loshak
John Milton
Chester Bowles
John Bunyan
George Bernard Shaw
J.M. Barrie
Machiavelli
Walter Lippmann
Charles Dickens
Saul Bellow
Pearl S. Buck
Jean Paul Sartre
Alexander Pope

173. Books Authors
Romeo and Juliet William Shakespeare
Republic Plato
Rape of Bangladesh Anthony Mascarenhas
Robinson Crusoe Daniel Defoe
Rubaiyat-i-Omar Khayyam Edward Fitzgerald
Red Star Over China Edgar Snow
Razor's Edge W. Somerset Maugham
Rains Came Louis Bromefield
Sleeping Murder Agatha Christie
Samler's Planet Saul Bellow
Scarlet Pimpernel Baroness Orczy
Story of My Life Moshe Dayan
Sense and Sensibility Jane Austen
Shahnama Firdausi
She Stoops to Conquer Oliver Goldsmith
St. Joan George Bernard Shaw
Sohrab and Rustom Matthew Arnold
Shape of Things to Come H.G. Wells
Spirit of the Age William Hazlitt
Sons and Lovers D.H. Lawrence
Three Musketeers Alexander Dumas
The Other Side of Midnight Sidney Sheldon
Talisman Sir Walter Scott
Tales from Shakespeare Charles Lamb
Tess of D'Urbervilles Thomas Hardy
Treasure Island Robert Louis Stevenson
The Idiot Fyodor Dostoevsky
Twelfth Night William Shakespeare
The Trumpet Major Thomas Hardy
Thank You, Jeeves P.G. Wodehouse
Triumph J.K. Galbraith
Time Machine H.G. Wells
Tropic of Cancer Henry Miller
Utopia Thomas Moore
Universe Around Us James Jeans
Unto This Last John Ruskin
Ulysses James Joyce
Upturned Soil Mikhail Sholokhov
Vicar of Wakefield Oliver Goldsmith
Victim, The Saul Bellow
War and Peace Leo Tolstoy
Walking on the Water Hugg Cudlipp
Wuthering Heights Emily Bronte
Wealth of Nations Adam Smith
Way of All Flesh Samuel Butler
Waste Land T.S. Eliot

174. / FAMOUS BOOKS BY INDIAN AUTHORS
Books
Adhe Adhure
Arthashastra
Agni Pariksha
Autobiography of an Unknown Indian
Ain-i-Akbari
Asia and Western Dominance
Bhagwat Geeta
Between the Lines
Ba Mulahaza Hoshiar
Broken Wing
Coolie
Chidambara
Confession of a Lover
Continent of Circe
Chinese Betrayal
Death of a City
Distant Neighbours
Durgesh Nandini
Discovery of India
Divine Life
Gardener
Geet Govinda
Glimpses of World History
Gora
Gul-e-Naghma
Gana Devata
Gitanjali
Godan
Guide
Harshacharita
Hindu View of Life
Himalayan Blunder
Hungry Stones
India after Nehru
India Divided
India Wins Freedom
India from Curzon to Nehru
and After
I Am Not an Island
India, The Critical Years
India, The Wasted Years 1969-75
I Follow the Mahatma
Judgement, The
Jobs for the Millions
Authors
Mohan Rakesh
Kautilya
Acharya Tulsi
Nirad C. Chaudhuri
Abul Fazal
K.M. Pannikar
Maharishi Ved Vyas
Kuldip Naiyar
Narendra Pal Singh
Sarojini Naidu
Mulk Raj Anand
Sumitranandan Pant
Mulk Raj Anand
Nirad C. Chaudhuri
B.N. Mullick
Amrita Pritam
Kuldip Naiyar
Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
J.L. Nehru
Swami Sivananda
Rabindra Nath Tagore
Jaidev
J.L. Nehru
Rabindra Nath Tagore
Raghupati Sahai Firaq Gorakhpuri
Tara Shanker Bandhopadhyaya
Rabindra Nath Tagore
Prem Chand
R.K. Narayan
Bana Bhatta
Dr. S. Radhakrishnan
Brigadier J.P. Dalvi
Rabindra NathTagore
Kuldip Naiyar
Rajendra Prasad
Abul Kalam Azad
Durga Das
K.A. Abbas
Kuldip Naiyar
Rajinder Puri
K.M. Munshi
Kuldip Naiyar
V.V. Giri
< r S >

175. Books
Kamayani
Kadambari
Life Divine
My Experiments with Truth
Malati Madhav
My Life and Times
Mahabharata
Meghdoot
Mudra Rakshasa
Many Worlds
Nisheeth
Out of Dust
Panchtantra
Prison and Chocolate Cake
Prison Diary
Post Office
Prem Pachisi
Ramayana
Ram Charita Manas
Raghuvansa
Raj Tarangini
Ratnavali
Red Tape and White Cap
Story of My Life
Sunny Days
Shakuntala
Satyarth Prakash
Shri Ramayana Darshanam
Saket
Shahnama
Swapna Vasavadatta
Two Leaves and a Bud
Untold Story
Urvashi
Uttara Ramcharita
Unhappy India
Vish Vriksha
Vande Mataram
Wall of Glass, The
Witness to an Era
War of Indian Independence
Yashodhara
Yesterday and Today
Yayati
Zulfi, My Friend
Authors
Jai Shanker Prasad
Bana Bhatta
Sri Aurobindo
Mahatma Gandhi
Bhavabhuti
V.V. Giri
Maharishi Ved Vyas
Kalidas
Vishakhadutta
K.P.S. Menon
Uma Shanker Joshi
D.F. Karaka
Vishnu Sharma
Nayantara Sehgal
Jaya Prakash Narayan
Rabindra Nath Tagore
Prem Chand
Maharishi Balmiki
Tulsidas
Kalidas
Kalhan
Harsh Vardhan
P.V.R. Rao
Morarji Desai
Sunil Gavaskar
Kalidas
Swami Dayanand
K.V. Puttappa
Maithili Sharan Gupta
Firdausi
Bhasa
Mulk Raj Anand
General B.M. Kaul
Ramdhari Singh Dinkar
Bhavabhuti
Lala Lajpat Rai
Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
K.A. Abbas
Frank Moraes
Vir Savarkar
Maithili Sharan Gupta
K.P.S. Menon
V.S. Khandekar
Piloo Mody
<jzD

176. / IMPORTANT PLACES (Indian and Foreign)
Place
Abu Simbal
Adam's Bridge
Agra
Ajanta & Ellora
Ajmer
Alexandria
Aliabet
Allahabad
Alwaye
Amarnath
Amritsar
Anand
Anand Bhawan
Aurangabad
Avadi X
Location and Importance
Located on the bank of Nile river in Egypt, is known for the
ancient rock-cut temples by Ramesses II.
The 17-mile long bridge is only a line of rocks and sand-banks
between Sri Lanka and India.
Located on the bank of the Jamuna in U.P. is known for Taj
Mahal, Fort and Pearl Mosque.
Located near Aurangabad in Maharashtra state are famous
for the Buddhist cave temples which are ornamented with
sculptures carved with paintings.
Located in Rajasthan is a pilgrim centre for Muslims. The
tomb of Khwaja Muin-ud-din Chishti is also located here.
A renowned city and sea-port of Egypt, founded by Alexander
the Great^is one of the Seven Wonders of the World. The
Pharos of Alexandria-a marble watch town and light house on
the island of Pharos in the harbour of Alexandria—is also
located here.
Located near Bhavnagar in Gujarat state is the site of the first
offshore oil well in India.
Located in Uttar Pradesh is an important place of Hindu
pilgrimage for being the confluence of three rivers— the
Ganga, the Jamuna and the Saraswati.
Located in Kerala is known for the FACT unit manufacturing
fertilizers and Monazite factory.
Located in the state of Jammu and Kashmir and situated at a
height of about 13000 feet is a famous Hindu pilgrim centre.
Located in Punjab is known for the Golden Temple and is
remembered for the Jalianwala Bagh Tragedy.
Located in Gujarat State is famous for co-operative milk-dairy,
AMUL butter and milk being the chief products.
Situated in Allahabad, residence of Pt. Moti Lai Nehru is now
dedicated to the Indian National Congress.
Located in Maharashtra state is famous for the tomb of
Aurangzeb and his wife.
Situated in Tamil Nadu is known for the location of
Government-owned heavy vehicles factory.
< 1 7 6 >

177. ^ / a c "
Ayodhya
Bangalore
Barauni
Bethlehem
Bhakra
Bhilai
Big Ben
Bhubaneshwar
Bokaro
Bombay High
Buland Darwaza
Cape Kennedy
Capitol, The
Chandigarh
Chittaranjan
Chittorgarh
Dayalbagh
Detroit
Delhi
Dhariwal
Digboi
Durgapur
Elephanta
Empire State
Building
Etna
Fatehpur Sikri
Location and Importance
It is located near Faizabad in U.P. Rama is the most important
king associated with this place.
It is the capital of Karnataka state. Hindustan Aircraft Factory,
Indian Telephone Industries and H.M.T. factories are in this
town.
Situated in Bihar is known for a big oil refinery in public
sector.
It is in Israel and is the birth place of Jesus Christ.
It is in Punjab and is known for the Bhakra Dam.
Situated in Madhya Pradesh is known for the big steel plant
set up with the assistance of Russia.
It is the big clock installed in 1859 on the tower of British
Parliament House building in London.
The capital of Orissa is famous for Linga Raja Temple.
Situated in Bihar is known for the Steel Plant.
It is India's most promising off-shore oil area in Arabian Sea.
It is a gate way of Fatehpur Sikri in Agra and is known for its
height (176 feet).
Located in Florida (U.S.A.) is the missile launching centre and
headquarters of NASA.
Located in Washington houses the Senate (The Parliament of
the United States of America).
Joint capital of Punjab and Haryana states.
Situated in West Bengal is known for the manufacture of
railway locomotives.
It is situated in Rajasthan and is known for Tower of Victory
which was built by Rana Kumbha.
It is in Agra and is famous as a religious and cultural seat of
the Hindus who believe in Radha Swami Sect.
It is a town in U.S.A. which is famous as the biggest car
manufacturing place in the world.
Old capital of India and is famous for its historical and
religious monuments.
It is in Punjab and is famous for woollen goods.
It is in Assam and is known for oil fields and oil refinery.
Located in West Bengal is famous for the steel plant.
It is an island in Bombay harbour and famous for rock-cut
caves.
Located in New York is one of the world's tallest buildings.
It is a volcano in Italy.
About 35 kms. from Agra in Uttar Pradesh is of tourist impor-tance.
The famous Buland Darwaza is located here.
<m>

178. Place
Ferozabad
Ghazipur
Gole Gumbuz
Great Wall of
China
Hague, The
Haldia
Hanging Gardens
of Babylon
Havana
Jamshedpur
Jerusalem
Jharia
Jog Falls
Kandla
Konark
Kremlin
Ludhiana
Madurai
Mahabalipuram
Mathura
Mecca
Monte Carlo
Mount Abu
Nepanagar
Panna
Location and Importance
Situated in Uttar Pradesh is known for the glass bangle
industry.
A town in Uttar Pradesh is known for Government opium
factory.
Located in Bijapur (Mysore) is the largest dome of the world.
It is known for the world famous Whispering Gallery.
The 1500-mile long fortification in China running from Kansu
province to Hopeh province was built by the Chinese Emperor
Shih Hawang.
It is in Netherlands and is famous for the seat of the
International Court of Justice.
It is in West Bengal and is famous for oil refinery set up in
collaboration with Romania and France.
One of the seven wonders of the world. These were first
planted in 603 B.C. by King Nebuchadnezzar and are located
60 miles south of Baghdad.
It is the capital of Cuba and is known for the manufacture of
cigars.
An industrial centre situated in Bihar. Iron and steel industries
of the Tata Iron & Steel Co. Ltd. are located here.
A place of pilgrimage for the Christians, Jews and Muslims. Al
Aqsa Mosque and the Wailing Wall are located here.
Located in Bihar is famous for the coal industry.
They are in Karnataka and are one of the highest waterfalls in
the world.
A major port in Gujarat and is famous for fertilizers.
Located near Puri in Orissa is known for Black Pagoda and
Sun Temple.
It is a large fortified citadel in Moscow. The Secretariat of the
Soviet Government is located here.
A town in Punjab is famous for hosiery, cycle and sewing
machine industries.
A town in Tamil Nadu is famous for the Meenakshi Temple.
It is located near Madras and is famous for the rock-cut
temples. The famous Arjuna Ratha, Draupadi Ratha and
Dharmaraja chariot are also located here.
It is located near Agra in U.P., is famous for the birth place of
Lord Krishna.
It is in Saudi Arabia and is known for being the birth place of
Prophet Mohammed, the founder of Islam. It is a place of
pilgrim importance for the Muslims.
Located in France is known as a gambling centre.
It is in Rajasthan and is famous for Jain Temples.
It is in Madhya Pradesh and is known for the newsprint
factory which is owned by the Government.
Located in Madhya Pradesh is famous for diamond mines
<m>

179. Place Location and Importance
Perambur
Pimpri
Pushkar
Rajghat
Rishikesh
Rourkela
Sambhar
Sanchi
Sarnath
Shanti Van
Sindri
Sriharikota
Tarapore
Thumba
Ujjain
Verrazano :
Narrows Bridge
Victoria Memorial :
Vijay Ghat
Visakhapatnam
Wall Street
White House
Yellowstone :
Located near Madras in Tamil Nadu is known for Integral
Coach Factory where passenger coaches are manufactured.
Located in Maharashtra is known for the penicillin factory.
A lake in Rajasthan which is a place of pilgrimage of the
Hindus.
Located on the bank of Jamuna in Delhi is the place where
Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation was cremated in
January 1948.
It is near Hardwar in Uttar Pradesh and is known for the
antibiotic factory. Also a place of pilgrimage for Hindus.
A town in Orissa is known for steel plant and fertilizer factory.
It is a lake in Rajasthan which is famous for salt.
Located in Madhya Pradesh is famous for Buddhist Stupas.
It is near Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh and is a famous Buddhist
pilgrim centre. Deer Park and Ashoka Pillar are located here.
It is situated in Delhi on the bank of Jamuna. Pt. Jawahar Lai
Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India was cremated here in
May 1964.
It is an industrial town of Bihar. A fertilizer factory is located
here.
Located in Andhra Pradesh is famous as a satellite launching
centre.
It is near Mumbai in Maharashtra and is known for India's
atomic power station.
Located in Chittor in Rajasthan was built by Rana Kumbha
in 1448 to commemorate his victory.
An ancient city in Madhya Pradesh is famous for Mahabale-shwar
Temple.
The world's longest bridge (4260 feet) between Staten Island
and Brooklyn, New York.
Located in Calcutta was built in memory of Queen Victoria.
It is situated in Delhi on the bank of Jamuna. Lai Bahadur
Shastri was cremated here in January 1966.
It is a big harbour on the eastern coast of India in Andhra
Pradesh and is famous for the ship building industry and oil
refinery.
Located in New York is U.S.A.'s important stock exchange
market.
Official residence of the American President since 1800 A.D.
President John Adams was the first President of America to
live here.
It is U.S.A.'s oldest and largest national park. The spectacular
falls and impressive canyons of the Yellow-stone River are
the maior attractions here.

180. INVENTIONS AND INVENTORS
Invention
Aeroplane
Aniline Dyes
Air-brake (for rail-roads)
Anti-polio Vaccine
Antiseptic Surgery
Atom Bomb
Atom—breaking up the nucleus of an
Atomic Clock
Atomic Theory
Atomic Structure
Automobile
Barometer
Balloon
Beri Beri—cause of
Bicycle
Blood Circulation
Blood Transfusion
Calculating Machine
Camera
Cholera bacillus
Chloroform
Celluloid
Cinematography
Cosmic Rays
Crescograph
Crystal Dynamics
Diesel Oil Engine
Drinker's Chamber
Dynamite
Dynamo
Electric Battery
Electric Attraction—Fundamental, Law of
Electric Lamp
Electrical Energy—Measurements of
Electrical Resistance—Law of
Inventor
Wright Brothers
Hoffmann
George Westing-house
Jonas E. Salk
Lord Joseph Lister
Otto Hahn
Rutherford
Dr. Willard Frank Libby
Dalton
Bohr and Rutherford
Daimler
Torricelli
Montgolfier
Eijkman
Macmillan
Harvey
Land Steiner
Pascal
Zeiss
Robert Koch
James Harrison and
James Simpson
Parkes
Thomas Edison
R.A. Millikan
J.C. Bose
C.V. Raman
Rudolf Diesel
Dr. Philip Drinker
Alfred Nobel
Michael Faraday
Volta
Coulomb
Edison
Joule, James Prescott
Ohm

181. Invention
Electricity Current
Electrons—Discovery of
Electron Theory
Fick's Law
Evolution—Theory of
Fountain Pen
Film and Photographic goods
Gas Engine
Gramophone
Gravitation—Laws of
Glider
Helicopter
Heredity—Laws of
Homoeopathy
Hovercraft
Hydrogen
Hydrophobia
Incandescent Bulb
Insulin (as a palliative for diabetes)
Intelligence Tests
Iron Lung
Jet Propulsion
Kala-azar Fever
Laughing Gas
Lever—Principle of
(and of Specific Gravity)
Life Boat
Lift (Power Elevator)
Lightning Conductor
Logarithms
Lenses
Machine Gun
Magazine of Rifle
Malaria Parasite
Manufacture of Washing Soda
Inventor
Volta
J.J. Thomson
Bohr
Fick
Charles Darwin
Waterman
Kodak
Daimler
Thomas Edison
Newton
George Cayley
Igor Ivan Sikorsky— 1939
Gregor Mendel
Hahnemann
Cockerell
Cavendish
Louis Pasteur
Edison
F. Banting
Binet
Dr. Philip Drinker
Frank Whittle
U.N. Brahmachari
Priestley
Archimedes
Henry Greathead
Otis
Benjamin Franklin
John Napier
Zeiss
Dr. Gattling
Mauser
Dr. Ronald Ross
Laplanc

182. /
X
Invention
Mechanical Equivalent of Heat
Megaphone
'Montessori' method of teaching children
Meson
Microphone
Microscope
Morse System of Electric Telegraphy
Military tank
Motion—Law of
Multiple Proportions—Laws of
Natural Selection—Laws of
Neon—gas
Neutron
Nuclear Fission
Nylon
Paints
Penicillin
Periodic Law
Phonograph
Photo-electric-cell-Theory of
Photography
Photography (coloured)
Photography (Roll Films)
Photography (Under-sea)
Phototherapy
PneumaticTyre
Power loom
Printing Press
Psycho-analysis
Quantum Theory
Radio-activity Artificial
Radio-activity of Uranium
Radar
Radio
Radio Telephone
Radio Transmitter
Inventor
Joule
Edison
Maria Montessori
Hideki Yukawa
David Edward Hughes—1878
Janssen (improved by Galileo)
Morse
Swinton
Newton
Dalton
Charles Darwin
W. Ramsay
Chadwick
Otto Hahn
W.H. Carothers
Shalimar
Alexander Fleming
Mendeleev
Edison
A. Becquerel
L. Daguerre
Gabriel Lippman
George Eastman
Edgerton
N.R. Finsen
Dunlop
Cartwright
Cutenberg
Dr. Sigmund Freud
Max Planck
Madam Joliot and Irene Curie
A. Henry Becquerel
Robert Watson Watt
Marconi
Lee De Forest
Alexanderson
< 1 8 2 >

183. Invention Inventor
Radium Madame Curie
Railway Engine Stephenson
Relativity—Theory of A. Einstein
Heart Transplantation Christiaan Barnard
Revolver Colt
Safety Lamp (Miner's) Humphrey Davy
Safety Razor Gillette
Salk Vaccine (Anti-polio) Dr. James E. Salk
Seismograph Robert Mallet
Sewing Machine Elias Howe
Space Flying Dr. Wernher Von Brown
Sextant John Hadley
Steam Boat Fulton
Steam Engine James Watt
Steel Smelting Process Sir Henry Bessemer
Stethoscope Laennec
Submarine John P. Holland—1875
Streptomycin Waksman
Sulpha drugs G. Domagk
Talkies Lee De Forest
Telephone A. Graham Bell
Telescope Hans Lippershey—1608
Telescope (Reflecting) Newton
Television Apparatus J.L. Baird
Thermometer Fahrenheit
Vacuum Flask (Trade Name Thermos Flask) James Dewar
Torpedo Robert Whitehead
Transistor W. Shockley
Tubercle Baccilli Koch
Typewriter Sholes
Uranium A. Henry Becquerel
Vaccination (Smallpox) Edward Jenner
Vitamins Funk
Vitamin D F.C. Hopkins
Rubber, Vulcanising Good Year
Wireless Telegraphy Marconi
X-ray Roentgen
Yellow fever—Causes of Reed

184. / GEOGRAPHICAL DISCOVERIES
Amundsen
Neil Armstrong
Byrd
Captain Cook
Columbus
David Livingstone
Edmund Hillary
Ferdinand de Lesseps
Kepler Johannes
Lindberg
Magellan
Marco Polo
Nausen
Robert Peary
Shackleton
Sven Hedin
Tasman
Tenzing
Vasco da Gama
Discovered South Pole in 1911.
First person to set foot on the moon on July 21, 1969.
Flew over the North Pole in 1926 and over the South
Pole in 1929. Discovered Edsel Ford mountains and
Morie Byrd Land.
Discovered Sandwich now called Hawaiian Isles
in 1770.
Discovered West Indies in 1492 and South America
in 1498.
Discovered the Victoria Falls, Lake Nyasa in Africa and
course of the Zambezi
Joint conqueror of Mount Everest with Tenzing. In a
Trans-Atlantic expedition he reached South Pole on
January 3, 1958.
Conceived the plan of the Suez Canal which was
completed in 1869 through his efforts.
Discovered the Laws of Planetary Motion in 1609.
Made the first solo-flight across the Atlantic from New
York to Paris in 1927.
Commanded the first expedition in 1519 to sail round
the world and discovered a passage to the Pacific from
the Atlantic through the straits.
Explored China, India, South eastern countries and
published the record of his various explorations.
Explored across Green land and reached the highest
altitude in the North Polar Region till then attained.
First person to reach the North Pole in 1909.
An Arctic explorer who reached within 100 miles of the
South Pole.
A Swedish explorer who contributed to the geographic
and archaeological knowledge of the large areas of
Central Asia.
A Dutch navigator who discovered Tasmania and New
Zealand in 1642.
The first Sherpa to reach Mount Everest on May 29,
1953 along with Edmund Hillary.
A Portuguese navigator who rounded the Cape of Good
Hope and discovered the sea route to India in 1498.
( T § 4 )

185. / SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS AND THEIR USE
Altimeter
Ammeter
Anemometer
Audiometer
Audiophone
Barometer
Callipers
Calorimeter
Carburettor
Cardiogram
Chronometer
Cinematograph
Compass Needle
Crescograph
Drinker's Appartus
Dynamo
Electro encephalograph
(EEC)
Epidiascope
Fathometer
Gramophone
Hydrometer
Hydrophone
Hygrometer
Kymograph
Measures altitudes in an aircraft.
Measures electrical currents in amperes.
Measures the force and velocity of wind.
Measures intensity of sound.
Improves imperfect sense of hearing.
Measures the atmosphere pressure.
A compass with legs measuring the inside or outside
diameter of bodies.
Measures quantities of heat.
Charges air with petrol vapours in an internal
combustion engine.
Traces the movements of the heart.
It is kept on board ships to measure accurate time.
It consists of a series of lenses arranged to throw on a
screen an enlarged image of photographs.
It is used for knowing approximately the North-South
direction of a place.
It is used for recording the growth of plants.
Helps in breathing in infantile paralysis.
It generates electricity.
It is the technique of recording and interpreting the
electrical activity of the brain
It is used for projecting films as well as images of
opaque articles on a screen.
It is used for measuring depth of the ocean.
A machine that reproduces sound.
It is used for measuring the specific gravity of liquids.
It is used for recording sound under water.
It is used for measuring humidity in air.
It is used to record graphically physiological
movements, i.e., blood pressure, heart beating, study of
lungs etc. in living beings.
(185)

186. / Lactometer
Mariner's Compass
Micrometer
Microphone
Microscope
Odometer
Parachute
Pipette
Radar
Rain Gauge
Saccharimeter
Seismograph
Sextant
Stethoscope
Stop Watch
Tachometer
Teleprinter
Telescope
Clinical Thermometer
It is used for measuring the purity of milk.
It is used to guide the sailors. Its needle always points
North-South.
A micrometer is an instrument for measuring very small
distance and angles.
Microphones are used in Radio and Television
broadcasting.
It is an optical instrument for magnifying objects.
It is used to record the distance covered by wheeled
vehicles.
It is a umbrella-shaped safety device used in an
emergency by the passengers of an aircraft or by
paratroops during war.
It is a glass tube with which a definite volume of liquid
can be transferred.
It is used to detect the direction of an approaching
aeroplane by means of radio micro-waves.
It is an apparatus to record rainfall at a particular place.
It is an instrument to determine the amount of sugar
in a solution.
It is an instrument to record earthquake shocks.
A sextant is an instrument for finding latitude.
It is an instrument to hear and analyse the movements
of heart and lungs.
It is used to record small intervals of time.
It is an instrument to determine speeds of aeroplanes
and motor-boats.
It is an instrument which prints automatically messages
sent from one place to another on telegraph lines.
It is an apparatus used for observing distant objects.
It is an apparatus used for measuring temperature of
the human body.
<186>

187. / STATES OF INDIA
States Capitals
1. Andhra Pradesh Hyderabad
2. Arunachal Pradesh Itanagar
3. Assam Dispur
4. Bihar Patna
5. Delhi* Delhi*
6. Goa Panaji
7. Gujarat Gandhi Nagar
8. Haryana Chandigarh
9. Himachal Pradesh Shimla
10. Jammu and Kashmir Srinagar
11. Karnataka Bangalore
12. Kerala Thiruvanathapuram
13. Madhya Pradesh Bhopal
14. Maharashtra Mumbai
15 Manipur Imphal
16. Meghalaya Shillong
17. Mizoram Aizawl
18. Nagaland Kohima
19. Orissa Bhubaneshwar
20. Punjab Chandigarh
21. Rajasthan Jaipur
22. Sikkim Gangtok
23. Tamilnadu Chennai
24. Tripura Agartala
25. Uttar Pradesh Lucknow
26. West Bengal Kolkata
New States
27. Chhatisgarh Raipur
28. Jharkhand Ranchi
29. Uttranchal Dehradun
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
UNION TERRITORIES
Union Territories
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Chandigarh
Dadra and Nagar Haveli
Daman and Diu
Lakshadweep
Pondicherry
<187>
Capitals
Port Blair
Chandigarh
Silvassa
Daman
Kavaratti
Pondicherry
(Punducherry)

188. / COCUUNRTRREINECSI, ENSA &T ICOANPAILTIATLIESS ,
(ASIA)
COUNTRY NATIONALITY CURRENCY CAPITAL
Afghanistan Afghan afghani Kabul
Bahrain ( ^ T ) Bahraini dinar Manama
Bangladesh («HlcHI<^l) Bangladeshi taka Dhaka
Bhutan (<3?R) Bhutani ngultrum Thimphu
China ( ^ H l ) Chinese yuan Beijing
Cyprus ('MISSJ'H) Cypriot Cyprus pound Nicosia
India (Ifew) Indian rupee New Delhi
Indonesia (sj-^RKII) Indonesian rupiah Jakarta
Iran ( t r R ) Iranian rial Tehran
Iraq ( t n ^ ) Iraqi dinar Baghdad
Israel Israeli shekel Jerusalem
Japan (vHNIH) Japanese yen Tokyo
Jordan (W^T) Jordanian dinar Amman
Kazakhstan (cbvHlftvMH) Kazakhstani tenge Alma-ata Akmola
North Korea (HiaJ chlRill) North Korean won(KPW) Pyongyang
South Korea (-HIvJSM chlRill) South Korean won (KRW) Seoul
Kuwait (ffcl) Kuwaiti dinar Kuwait
Laos (eTTSITft) Laotian kip Vientiane
Lebanon (^HIH) Lebanese pound Beirut
Malaysia (Hc^RlAll) Malaysian ringgit Kuala Lumpur
Maldives (HldftcH) Maldivian rufiyaa Male
Mongolia Mongolian tugrik Ulaan Bator
Nepal (AMM) Nepali rupee Kathmandu
Oman (3?RFT) Omani rial Muscat
Pakistan (mfcbwiH) Pakistani rupee Islamabad
Qatar (c^ex) Qatari riyal Doha
Saudi Arabia VM^RIAII ) Saudi Arabian rial (SAR) Riyadh
Philippines (fq^FH) Filipino or piso Manila
Philippine
Singapore (RHII^) Singaporean dollar Singapore
Sri Lanka (^hcichi) Sri Lankan rupee Colombo
Syria (faffcn) Syrian pound Syrian pound Damascus
> (188) '

189. Taiwan (dl^clH) Taiwanian dollar Taipei
Tajikistan Tajik tajik rouble Dushanbe
Thailand Thai baht Bangkok
Turkey Turk; Turkish turkish lira Ankara
United Arab Emirates dirham Abu Dhabi
Emirates
Uzbekistan (vJuHRb+dM) Uzbekistani som (UKS) Tashkent
Vietnam (RWdHm) Vietnamese dong Hanoi
Yemen (TO) Yemeni riyal (YER) Sarfa
Russia Russian rouble Moscow
Algeria
Angola
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Cape Verde
X
3TffTen)
«Ml<r<HcJM|)
w f t )
chH^H)
cfnr crsf)
(AFRICA)
Algerian
Angolan
Botswana
Burkinan
Burundian
Cameroonian
Cape Verdean
dinar
kwanza
pula
franc CFA
burundi franc
franc CFA
cape verde
escudo
Algiers
Luanda
Gaborone
Ouagadougou
Bujumbura
Yaounde
Praia
Central African Central African franc CFA Bangui
Republic RqRdcb)
Chad W Chadian franc CFA N'Djamena
Congo (ctfRft) Congolese franc CFA Brazzaville
Djibouti Djiboutian djibouti franc Djibouti
Egypt Egyptian pound Cairo
Equatorial Equatorial franc CFA Malabo
Guinea Guinean
Eritrea Eritrean ethiopian birr Asmara
Gabon ('win) Gabonese franc CFA Libreville
Gambia (Jlfi^AJI) Gambian dalasi Banjul
Ghana ("STHT) Ghanian cedi Accra
Guinea Guinean guinean franc Conakry
Guinea Bissau Guinean peso (GWP) Bissau
Kenya (^WJI) Kenyan kenya shilling Nairobi
Lesotho Lesothonian loti Maseru
Liberia (dl^^Rill) Liberian liberian dollar Monrovia
<189>

190. / Madagascar Madagascan malagasy franc Antananarivo
Malawi Malawian kwacha (MWK) Lilongwe
Mali Malian franc CFA Bamako
Mauritania (MdiPm) Mauritanian ouguiya Nouakchott
Mauritius (iftffefara) Mauritian mauritius rupee Port Louis
Morocco ( T f l ^ ) Moroccan dirham (MAD) Rabat
Mozambique Mozambican metical Maputo
Niger < Hl^vH^) Niger-Congo franc CFA Niamey
Nigeria (HljvflRm) Nigerian naira Abuja
Rwanda (ycl^l) Rwandan rwanda franc Kigali
Sao Tome & dobra Sao Tome
Principe ftHflljq)
Senegal Senegalese franc CFA Dakar
Seychelles ('AVIWH) Seychelleois Seychelles rupee Victoria
Somalia Somalian somali shilling Mogadishu
South Africa ("HMiM 3UI>W>l) South African rand Pretoria,
Cape Town
Sudan Sudanese sudanese pound/ Khartoum
dinars
Tanzania (dHvHlPfill) Tanzanian tanzanian shilling Dodoma
(NORTH AMERICA)
Antigua & (^yan Tying Antiguan east Caribbean St. John's
Barbuda dollar
Bahamas Bahamian bahamian dollar Nassau
Barbados Barbadian barbados dollar Bridgetown
Belize Belizean belize dollar Belmopan
Canada (ebHkSl) Canadian Canadian dollar Ottawa
Cuba (cJ^T) Cuban cuba peso Havana
Dominica (^flPlfrl) Dominican dollar Roseau
Dominican Rep. ( ^ P l c M f f r . ) Dominican peso oro Santo Domingo
Grenada (t^T^l) Grenadian dollar St. George's
Guatemala ('dl^Hldl) Guatemalan quetzal Guatemala City
Haiti Haitian gourde Port-au-Prince
Honduras Honduran lempira Tegucigalpa
Jamaica Jamaican dollar Kingston
> (190) '

191. / Mexico Mexican peso Mexico City
Nicaragua (P|cbKIJJ3n) Nicaraguan cordoba Managua
Panama (mhihi) Panamanian balboa Panama City
St. Lucia ("#5 cjR^l) Caribbean dollar Castries
Trinidad & (1MRR XTTTg Trinidadian dollar Port of Spain
Tobago riT^'ll)
United States (^Hl^-s! American dollar Washington, D.C.
of America
(SOUTH AMERICA)
Argentina Argentinian peso Buenos Aires
Bolivia (sflcflEim) Bolivian boliviano La Paz, Sucre
Brazil (sJlvjfplcH) Brazilian real Brasilia
Chile (xJl^d) Chilean Chilean peso Santiago
Colombia (cblcilf^ill) Colombian peso Bogota
Ecuador Ecuadorean sucre Quito
Guyana (TJ3THT) Guyanese dollar Georgetown
Paraguay Paraguayan guarani Asuncion
Surinam Surinamese guilder Paramaribo
Uruguay Uruguayan peso Montevideo
Venezuela C^H^dl) Venezuelan bolivar Caracas
(OCEANIA)
Australia (3ll^fcHA||) Australian dollar Canberra
Fiji (IWft) Fijian dollar Suva
Marshall Is. (HiyTcH 3TH?.) Marshallese dollar Dalap-Uliga-Darrit
Micronesia Micronesian dollar Palikir
Solomon Is. S. Islander dollar Honiara
Nauru ( H l ^ ) Nauruan dollar No official capital
New Zealand (-ilyTlelu^) New Zealander dollar Wellington
Tonga (dHIl) Tongan pa'anga Nuku'alofa
(EUROPE)
Albania Albanian lek Tirana
Andorra (dkSlVl) Andorran franc/peseta Andorre la Vella
Austria (^iR-diJl) Austrian schilling Vienna
Belarus (cldl-M-l) Belorussian rouble Minsk . /

192. Belgium Belgian franc Brussels
Bulgaria (<s|eHlR*Jl) Bulgarian lev Sofia
Croatia (fbll^ian) Croatian kuna Zagreb
Czech Republic Czechs koruna Prague
Denmark (^HHli) Dane/Danish krone Copenhagen
Estonia Estonian kroon Tallinn
Finland ((ihHclu-d) Finnish markka Helsinki
France (wRl) French franc Paris
Germany (Tiptft) German deutsche mark Berlin, Bonn
Greece (IfRr) Greek drachma Athens
Hungary (FT^f) Hungarian forint Budapest
Iceland ( y i s ^ i ^ ) Icelander krona Reykjavik
Ireland (ail^cHM) Irishman pound Dublin
Italy Italian lira Rome
Latvia (elrifclill) Latvian lats Riga
Liechtenstein (hi^h-wi^h) Liechtensteiner franc Vaduz
Lithuania (fcH^aiiPiiii) Lithuanian litas Vilnius
Luxembourg Luxembourger franc Luxembourg
Malta (Hlcril) Maltese lira Valletta
Monaco (H^chl) Monegasque franc Monaco
Netherlands Dutch guilder Amsterdam
Norway Norwegian krone Oslo
Poland (M^u-d) Pole/Polish zloty Warsaw
Portugal Portuguese escudo Lisbon
Romania (^HlPKJl) Romanian lei Bucharest
San Marino ^RWl) San Marinese lira San Marino
Slovenia (wife) Pi ill) Slovenian tolar Ljubljana
Spain Spanish peseta Madrid
Sweden (*5VSSH) Swedish krona (SEK) Stockholm
Switzerland (R-cldvHy^l-d) Swiss franc Berne
Ukraine (^MH) Ukrainian karbovanets Kiev
United Kingdom ( ^ h i ^ British pound sterling London
Yugoslavia (^ilwiRiiii) Yugoslavian new dinar Belgrade

193. ARORA'S