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Chicago (Group schoolwork project)
The document provides an overview of Chicago's tourism, history, economy, and interesting facts. Key highlights include the city's development from its incorporation in 1837 through the Great Fire of 1871 and the growth of its economy, particularly in the pork and cattle industries. Chicago is noted for its significant demographics and future developments, including the proposed Chicago Spire skyscraper.
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Chicago (Group schoolwork project)
- 1. Chicago By Etienne Boissière, ThomasPotaire, Sonny Brabez, David Chan. Chicago
- 2.
- 3. Chicago Tourism 3rd cityin the USA The flag
- 4. Chicago Tourism • The‘L’ train as “Elevated” • The ‘L’ loop around all downtown finished by Charles Tyson Yerkes on October 3, 1897 • A total of 8 lines The ‘L’
- 5. Chicago Tourism • Greenline: Clarke House Illinois Institute of Technology • Red line: U.S. Cellular Field • Orange line: Midway airport South
- 6. Chicago Tourism • Blueline: Old St Patrick church • Green line: United Center sports arena Garfield Park Conservatory • Blue line: Chicago O’Hare airport West
- 7. Chicago Tourism • Brownline: DePaul University • Red line: Uptown Theatre Lincoln Park North
- 8. Chicago History • “Shikaawka”:Wild onion • Potawatomi tribe • French discovery (Marquette & Joliet) • Swamp connected between Mississippi and Lake Michigan 1673-1803
- 9. Chicago History • 1803: Fort Dearborn • Massacre of 1812 • 1837: Chicago incorporated as an official city • Cholera issue and the Water Tower (Boyington) 1803-1871
- 10. Chicago History • 1871:The Great Fire of Chicago • O’Leary: “The cow did it?” • Opportunity to rebuild downtown 1871
- 11. Chicago History • Capitalists:Pullman, Swift and Fields • 1886: Haymarket Riot • 1887: “Haymarket Martyrs” 1871-1887
- 12. Chicago History • Museums& Auditorium • 1893: World’s Fair • Slums of West side • Al Capone 1887-1932
- 13. Chicago Economy &Industry • Pork industry: biggest slaughterhouse The “Pork Wheel” • Cattle industry: Swift & Company • Grain elevator system Historical industries
- 14. Chicago Economy &Industry • Manufacturing • Printing • Publishing • Food processing • Major transportation center (hub) Main industries 978,824 881,566 559,816 0 200,000 400,000 600,000 800,000 1,000,000 1,200,000 Atlanta - 1st Chicago - 2nd Paris - 8th Total flight movements in 2008
- 15. Chicago Economy &Industry • 5 times bigger compared to San Francisco • 25 countries represented (Caucasian & Black) • 2nd largest labor pool of the USA (4.25 millions of worker) Demography 234.0 sq mi (606.1 km2) 46.7 sq mi (121 km2) 33.6 sq mi (86.9 km2) 7 times smaller 4470 3,376,438 0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000 2500000 3000000 3500000 4000000 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 Est. 2008 Population growth (775% in 90 years) 43.23% 37.87% 4.48% 0.37% 0.06% 13.99% Percentage of races in Chicago White Black Asian Native American Pacific Islander Others
- 16. Chicago Economy &Industry • 3rd largest science & engineering work force in the USA • 4th most important business center • Chicago Board of Trade • 3rd largest gross metropolitan product in the USA Activities
- 17. Chicago Future • ChicagoSpire: announced in 2005 • Comparison with the Sears Tower The next biggest skyscrapper? Chicago Spire: est. 2,000 feetSears Tower: 1,451 feet
- 18. Chicago Interesting facts •Inside Cook county • Meat industry • Rock’n roll McDonalds • Chicago Pizza The « Cook » city
- 19. Chicago Interesting facts •Route 66 • 1st Remote control • 1953: Playboy Interesting facts Springfield (MO)
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Editor's Notes
- #2 Hi everyone! Our team are proud to present you one of the most famous town in the USA. In the far north east of the Illinois state, the state of Lincoln, in the middle of a whole set of rivers: Chicago.
- #3 Chicago is a very recognized city thanks to its skyscrappers (here the Sears Tower, also know as the Willis Tower), its astonished parks, beaches and rivers (here you have the Grant Park), its museums, theatres and clubs (here you have the Chicago theatre), its ethnic diversity (well… you even have people who want to be the American Idol!)… Well… That’s Chicago! So, what’s about the flag?
- #4 Chicago has its own flag. This flag has a lot of meaning since each part represent a main element from Chicago: The 2 blue stripes of the flag represent Chicago River and its connections with Lake Michigan in its north branch (1st blue part) and the Great Canal in its south branch (2nd blue part). The 3 white stripes of the flag represent the North, the West and the South of the city. The 4 stars represent 4 parts of the city’s history: the 1st is dealing with the Fort Dearborn constructed in 1803 (and its six points inside this star is representing transportation, labor, commerce, finance, populousness and salubrity). the 2nd is dealing with the Great Chicago Fire of 1871 (Its six points represent the virtues of religion, education, aesthetics, justice, beneficence, and civic pride). the 3rd is dealing with the World’s Columbian Exposition of 1893 (Its six points stand for political entities Chicago has belonged to and the flags that have flown over the area: France 1693, Great Britain 1763, Virginia 1778, the Northwest Territory 1798, Indiana Territory 1802, and Illinois 1818). the 4th is dealing with the Century of Progress Exposition (Its points refer to bragging rights: the United States' 2nd Largest City (became 3rd largest in 1990 census when passed by L.A.), Chicago's Latin Motto (Urbs in horto - City in a garden), Chicago's "I Will" Motto, Great Central Marketplace, Wonder City, Convention City). Chicago is considered as the 3rd city in the USA: 3rd biggest population…
- #5 « L » stands for « Elevated », as all the trains are elevated or underground. First « L » on June 6, 1892. Charles Tyson Yerkes was able to complete a loop around downtown with bribe (money), which connects several existing elevated line owned by different companies Before that, none the trains entered in downtown because laws required neighbors approval.
- #6 SOUTH. The green line is the 1st L line. Chicago oldest building: Clarke House. Built around 1836. Illinois Institute of Technology : famous throughout the world for its modern architecture U.S. Cellular Field is a baseball park built in 1991. Formerly named Comiskey Park.
- #7 WEST Old St Patrick church is the oldest one in Chicago, built by the Irish in 1846. Survived the great fire of 1871 United Center arena: Is the home for the Chicago Bulls Flat Iron art buiding (no photos on slide, on blue line): Full of galleries and studios. Huge Art festival every September called "Around the Coyote“ Garfield Park Convervatory: one of the largest and most impressive conservatories in the US. Polupar attraction with exotic plants/flowers The Chicago O‘Hare airport was the busiest one until 1999
- #8 NORTH DePaul University is the Largest nation catholic university Uptown Theatre : 4381 seats. Not used anymore since entertainment has moved in the suburb. Lincoln Park is one of the big parks in Chicago. The neighborhood around the park is one of the most expensive of the town: house average price is 1M, and there is a lot of house priced 10M+.
- #9 The name Chicago comes from the Potawatomi a native american tribe, shikaawka means wild onion… Chicago has been settled down on a swamp and the city has been called Wild Onion because of the swamp’s smell. The territory discovered by french… the first known non-indigenous permanent settler was Jean-Baptiste Pointe du Sable, he was coming from Saint Domingue and had European and African heritage.
- #10 After the end of the war between French/Indian and British, Chicago became a american city. However, this area was still in conflict with Potawatomi tribe. That is why, Henry Dearborn built a military post, later named Fort Dearborn, in 1803. In 1812, Potawatomi tribe, allied with the British, succeeded to defeat the Fort Dearborn by killing women and children. That is why is it known as the massacre of Fort Dearborn. However between the 15 privates houses from the US, 4 stayed in the Chicago area. Thanks to that, they succeeded to keep the Chicago area and integrated it in the Illinois state. The city of Chicago is incorportated as an official city in 1837. After being integrated, Chicago faced cholera. In fact, the city grew so fast they didn’t take care of their natural resource. In order to avoid the cholera, it was decided to create a sewer system. However it was still dirty and they decided to change the flow of water thanks to the Water Tower.
- #11 Chicago was a very crowded city and the roads were very dirty. This was a mess… Everybody was expecting an architectural change of the town, a little voice listen to them and act the October 8th, 1871… A fire occured in Chicago and destroyed the downtown of Chicago. The fire expanded very quickly due to very strong winds. The next days, everybody was turning their eyes to an old Irish woman named O’Leary and its barn. It seemed that the fire occured because one of O’Leary’s cow kicked a lantern. Indeed, it is considered as a made-off story. Even if this fire caused 100,000 people left homeless and hundreds of victims, it was a great opportunity for the capitalists to rearrange the city. Note that after the fire, Queen Victoria gave books to Chicago, however Chicago did not have any library at that time. Nowadays, you also have the Chicago Fire Academy build on O’Leary property. Interesting link about the fire expansion: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/chicago/maps/pop_fire_body.html
- #12 Chicago was a city of big immigration but also big opportunities. And some people succeeded to become great capitalists like George Pullman, Gustavus Swift or Marshall Fields. Pullman did change the railroad industry thanks to his sleeping beds idea. Swift found out a way to ship ice-cooled items with the railroad cars. Fields created one of the most famous retail department store in the USA. Indeed, around these big names, there are also employees. Most of them were immigrants in the town. Chicago is very well-know for being a immigrant city. At first, with Irish. Then with German. These immigrants were working hard and decided to do a strike in 1886. However everything went to tragedy the May 4th 1886 when a bomb exploded and killed 7 policemen. This bomb was considered by the capitalists as a threat, which leaded to a trial for 8 men considered as the head of the riot. These 8 men became the anarchists for the capitalists and the Haymarket martyrs for the population. In 1887, without any evidence, the trial decided to execute the 8 men since the capitalists asked to.
- #13 Auditorium of Chicago was built in 1889 and aimed to be largest, grandest and most expensive than Metropolitan Opera House in New York City. It was supposed to be accessible to working classes and to do so 400-room hotel was constructed around the central space. At the end, offices and rooms were not enough profitable. - World’s Fair, which is like the universal exposition in Europe, gathered 27.5 million people and is still considered the most influential World’s Fair in the history. Al Capone, the well-known gangster, italian origins…
- #14 Meat industry of Chicago was one of the most famous in the US. Pork industry in Chicago was a sophisticated process where porks were first put on a wheel where they were slaughtered. Then they were deployed on a chain to be cut. Cattle industry in Chicago was innovative since Gustavus Swift invented the ice-cooled shipping system. The Illinois state is well-known for its rich prairies where, in Chicago, they constructed grain elevators making the shipping of grains easier.
- #15 3rd intermodal port in the world, 3rd airport (afflux) Manufacturing where you can find Boeing (Ranked #27 on the Fortune 500) has moved from Seattle to Chicago RR Donnelley (Ranked #362 on the Fortune 500) is one the biggest printing company in the world ($11.5 billion with almost 60,000 employees) Tribune Company (Ranked #323 on the Fortune 500) is the nation’s second-largest newspaper publisher with ten daily newspapers (including Los Angeles Times) and had a revenue of $5.73 biilion in 2005. Kraft Foods is the largest confectionery, food and beverage corporation headquartered in the US and the second-largest after Nestle SA and acquired Lu a french biscuit maker. In fact, the swiss company Nestle could have acquired Lu because of their common language but Kraft Foods did it before. Chicago O’Hare International Airport is the second busiest Airport in the world, placed after the airport of Atlanta. Chicago’s airport in 2008 had almost 900,000 total movements (take off or landing) Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport is placed 8th with around 660,000 total movement, that’s why Boeing might have moved to Chicago
- #16 Demography… Ranking… Pacific Islander: Coming from American island (Haiti… etc) African, Irish, German, Italian, Mexican, English, Bulgarian, Greek, Chinese, Lithuanian, Polish, Romanian, Serbian, Swedish, Ukrainian, Dutch and Puerto Rican They have their own gay community, the quarter’s name is Boystown
- #17 Chicago have the third largest engineering work force after the combined San Francisco and San Jose, California and in first place the Washington Area. 4th most important business center Chicago Board of Trade "CBOT" established in 1848 is the world's oldest futures and options exchange. 3rd gross metropolitan product (GMP), is defined as the market value of all final goods and services produced within a metropolitan area in a given period of time 3rd after the New York Metropolitan Area and the Greater Los Angeles
- #18 Willis Tower/Sears Tower was the world's tallest building from 1974 to 1998. It has 108 floors. Created from 1970 to 1973. Chicago Spire is still in construction but is previewed with 150 floors. They started the groundbreaking in 2007. No estimated delivery date. They stopped the construction because of the 2009 crisis and since they were not chosen for being the Olympics Game host in 2016.
- #19 Inside Cook county Meat industry Rock’n roll McDonalds Chicago Pizza
- #20 The mother road starts at Chicago… while it starts there they didn’t begin the construction at Chicago but in Springfield Missouri in 1926. Because of the transport needs, modifications have been made several times on the route 66, the original 2-lanes road was extended to 4 lanes.
- #21 IF ENOUGH TIME
- #22 Thank you! Main source: Chicago City of the Century (PBS).