PPT

1. COMPOUNDS
•Compounds are a combination of at least
two elements that act as one unit.
•Compounds have separate identities
different from their component elements.

2. COMPOUNDS
•When a compound forms it causes a chemical
bond to occur.
•A chemical bond -is the force that holds two
atoms together
•This is the result when electrons are gained,
lost, or shared between atoms

3. Binary Ionic Compounds
•A binary ionic compound is an ionic compound
that contains only 2 elements
•Examples:
•NaCl MgF2
•Binary ionic compounds use the ionic charges in
order to write correct formulas

4. BINARY IONIC COMPOUNDS
Binary means 2 elements
Ionic means a metal and a non-metal (or
cation and anion)
Writing Formulas from Names
1st word = CATION
2nd word = ANION name
with ide ending.

5. 1. NaBr - Sodium Bromide
(not bromine)
2. MgF2 – Magnesium Fluoride
(not Fluorine)
Example :

6. Practice Writing Compounds
•Mg, N
•Al, S
•Na, N
•Cd, F
•Ag, P
•Sr, Br
•Ga, At

7. Chemical Formulas
•Chemical Formulas show the kinds and number
of each atom present
•The small numbers written below a symbol are
called SUBSCRIPTS
•Subscripts show the number of each atom
present
•Metals are written first in the formula

8. Determine the Ionic Charge of the following
1. Sr
2. Te
3. N
4. Mg
5. Se

9. Writing Correct Chemical
Formulas for Binary Ionics:
Determine the charge of each ion
 Crisscross the value associated with the
charge to the bottom right of the other atom
Reduce the subscripts to the lowest possible
terms

10. Example: Write the formula for:
• Magnesium and Chlorine
Mg Cl
MgCl2
-1
2+

11. Write the Chemical Formulas of the following:
1. Mg, P
2. Al, S
3. Ag, Cl
4. K, I
5. Zn, P
6. Na, O
7. Al, F

12. •When Sodium and Sulfur react, what
compound is produced?
•When Calcium and Bromine react, what
compound is produced?

13. No. of Atoms Prefix
1 Mono
2 Di
3 Tri
4 Tetra
5 Penta
6 Hexa
7 Hepta
8 Octa
9 Nona
10 Deca

14. Below are other covalent compounds. See how they are named
No. of Atoms Prefix
1 Mono
2 Di
3 Tri
4 Tetra
5 Penta
6 Hexa
7 Hepta
8 Octa
9 Nona
10 Deca
SO2 – Sulfur dioxide
NO2 – Nitrogen Dioxide
CO2 - Carbon Dioxide
H2O – Dihydrogen Oxide
N2O5 – Dinitrogen Pentoxide

15. TRY THIS!
1. CCl4
2. N2O
3. NBr3
4. As2O5
5. NO
6. N2H4
Name the following covalent compounds

16. Naming Ternary Compounds
•Ternary compounds are named similar to binary
ionic compounds:
•Still going to be using the cation’s name but this
time you are going to be using the polyatomic
name as the anion’s name

17. Ternary Compounds
•Ternary Compounds contain at least 3
different elements
•A ternary compound contains a
polyatomic ion
•Always write the polyatomic ion in
parenthesis before crossing the charges

18. Molecular Geometry
The three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms
that constitute a molecule. also known as
the molecular structure.
VSEPR – Valence Shell Electron
Pair Repulsion
It helps us to predict the geometric
arrangement of atoms in molecule.

19. 1. Linear(2)
2.Trigonal planar(3)
3.Tetrahedron(4)
4.Trigonal bipyramid(5)
5.Octahedron(6)

20. HYDROCARBON – Is any chemical compound consisting entirely of
hydrogen (H) and carbon (C) each hydrocarbon molecule consists of a
carbon backbone with hydrogen atoms attached to the backbone.
ALKANES
 Saturated hydrocarbons
 Each carbon atom is
bonded to four other
atoms, usually a
hydrogen, through a
single covalent bonds.
 Single bond
 Also known as
PARAFFINS
ALKENES
 Unsaturated
hydrocarbons
 Carbon atoms
contains either
double or triple
bonds.
 Double bond
 Also known as
OLEFINS
ALKYNES
 Triple bond
 Also known as
ACETYLENES

21. Isomerism – it is the versatility of carbon enables it to bond
in many different ways, producing different configurations.
Compounds which have the same chemical formula but different
structural formula is called Constitutional isomers. The
term isomer comes from the Greek word iso meaning “the same”
and mer “part”
Stoichiometry - Branch of chemistry that deals with the
numerical relationships of elements and compounds.

22. C4H10 Molecular Formula
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3 Condensed Structural Formula
C- C- C- C Carbon Skeletal Form
Expanded Structural Formula
Line Form

23. Carbon atoms Prefix Alkane name
1 Meth Methane
2 Eth Ethane
3 Prop Propane
4 But Butane
5 Pent Pentane
6 Hex Hexane
7 Hept Heptane
8 Oct Octane
9 Non Nonane
10 Dec Decane

24. Try This!
Write the Structural formula, Condensed structure formula, and the alkane
name of the following :
1. C8H18
2. C4H10
3. C10H22
4. C7H16
5. C3H8