Children are most important part of a nation as well as a family. However, when a child becomes victim of physically challenged situations and unable to perform such actions as compares to his peers, then it becomes the worst movement of his/her life. Hereby, some difficult defiance encountered by them during their life merriments.
This document discusses learning disabilities, their types, characteristics, causes, and approaches to diagnosis and instruction. It defines learning disabilities as difficulties processing, organizing, or applying information. Common types include dyslexia, dyscalculia, dysgraphia, and ADHD. Learning disabilities affect an estimated 15% of the US population and manifest as uneven abilities, average or above intelligence, and difficulties in specific academic areas like reading. While causes are unknown, learning disabilities may be hereditary, medical, or environmental. Diagnosis involves evaluating a student's behaviors and academic performance. Instructional approaches include visual and auditory supports, assistive technology, and addressing emotional issues related to learning disabilities.
This document discusses speech and language disorders, including their symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment. Speech disorders can affect fluency, articulation, or voice, while language disorders involve receptive or expressive difficulties. Children may develop these disorders due to brain conditions, while adults can due to events like stroke. Diagnosis is made by a speech pathologist, and treatment may involve therapy, addressing underlying causes, or assistive devices.
children with emotional and behavioral disordersMia de Guzman
The document discusses children with emotional and behavioral disorders. It begins by classifying these disorders into four categories according to IDEA: conduct disorders, anxiety-withdrawal, immaturity, and socialized aggression. It then discusses several possible causes of these disorders including biological, psychoanalytical, behavioral, phenomenological, and sociological/ecological factors. Finally, it outlines the main types of disorders according to the DSM including conduct disorder, emotional disturbance, personality disorders, anxiety disorders, and ADHD. Each type is then described in more detail with examples of symptoms.
Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior or mental state due to experience. There are two main types of learning: associative and non-associative. Associative learning involves linking stimuli together, including classical and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning pairs a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a new response, while operant conditioning uses reinforcement and punishment to modify voluntary behaviors.
Primary prevention methods can help reduce the occurrence of mental retardation from certain conditions. Early screening through newborn screening can help detect treatable causes like phenylketonuria (PKU), galactosemia, and congenital hypothyroidism to prevent or reduce intellectual disability. Maintaining treatment protocols through dietary or medical management in PKU, galactosemia, maternal PKU, and congenital hypothyroidism is important for tertiary prevention. Genetic counseling can aid primary prevention for conditions with a genetic basis like Down syndrome, galactosemia, and PKU.
The document provides an overview of the key divisions within the field of educational psychology, including human development, learning and cognition, educational research methods, and testing and measurement. It explains that educational psychology encompasses any aspect of human behavior that impacts the educational process. The document also notes that while educational psychology informs all areas of education, the study of how to conduct educational research specifically falls under educational psychology.
This document discusses theories of attention from both historical and modern cognitive perspectives. It defines attention as the selection of certain stimuli for further processing while ignoring others. Early theories proposed filters that occurred early or late in processing to explain selective attention effects. Later, capacity theories viewed attention as a limited mental resource. Divided attention experiments found that tasks drawing from different resources could be performed concurrently better than those using the same resources. Visual attention research identified neurons responding selectively to features and the role of the thalamus in controlling receptive fields. Executive attention involves inhibiting inappropriate responses under demanding conditions. Feature integration theory proposed that attention is needed to bind distributed features into whole object perceptions.
Children are most important part of a nation as well as a family. However, when a child becomes victim of physically challenged situations and unable to perform such actions as compares to his peers, then it becomes the worst movement of his/her life. Hereby, some difficult defiance encountered by them during their life merriments.
This document discusses learning disabilities, their types, characteristics, causes, and approaches to diagnosis and instruction. It defines learning disabilities as difficulties processing, organizing, or applying information. Common types include dyslexia, dyscalculia, dysgraphia, and ADHD. Learning disabilities affect an estimated 15% of the US population and manifest as uneven abilities, average or above intelligence, and difficulties in specific academic areas like reading. While causes are unknown, learning disabilities may be hereditary, medical, or environmental. Diagnosis involves evaluating a student's behaviors and academic performance. Instructional approaches include visual and auditory supports, assistive technology, and addressing emotional issues related to learning disabilities.
This document discusses speech and language disorders, including their symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment. Speech disorders can affect fluency, articulation, or voice, while language disorders involve receptive or expressive difficulties. Children may develop these disorders due to brain conditions, while adults can due to events like stroke. Diagnosis is made by a speech pathologist, and treatment may involve therapy, addressing underlying causes, or assistive devices.
children with emotional and behavioral disordersMia de Guzman
The document discusses children with emotional and behavioral disorders. It begins by classifying these disorders into four categories according to IDEA: conduct disorders, anxiety-withdrawal, immaturity, and socialized aggression. It then discusses several possible causes of these disorders including biological, psychoanalytical, behavioral, phenomenological, and sociological/ecological factors. Finally, it outlines the main types of disorders according to the DSM including conduct disorder, emotional disturbance, personality disorders, anxiety disorders, and ADHD. Each type is then described in more detail with examples of symptoms.
Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior or mental state due to experience. There are two main types of learning: associative and non-associative. Associative learning involves linking stimuli together, including classical and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning pairs a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a new response, while operant conditioning uses reinforcement and punishment to modify voluntary behaviors.
Primary prevention methods can help reduce the occurrence of mental retardation from certain conditions. Early screening through newborn screening can help detect treatable causes like phenylketonuria (PKU), galactosemia, and congenital hypothyroidism to prevent or reduce intellectual disability. Maintaining treatment protocols through dietary or medical management in PKU, galactosemia, maternal PKU, and congenital hypothyroidism is important for tertiary prevention. Genetic counseling can aid primary prevention for conditions with a genetic basis like Down syndrome, galactosemia, and PKU.
The document provides an overview of the key divisions within the field of educational psychology, including human development, learning and cognition, educational research methods, and testing and measurement. It explains that educational psychology encompasses any aspect of human behavior that impacts the educational process. The document also notes that while educational psychology informs all areas of education, the study of how to conduct educational research specifically falls under educational psychology.
This document discusses theories of attention from both historical and modern cognitive perspectives. It defines attention as the selection of certain stimuli for further processing while ignoring others. Early theories proposed filters that occurred early or late in processing to explain selective attention effects. Later, capacity theories viewed attention as a limited mental resource. Divided attention experiments found that tasks drawing from different resources could be performed concurrently better than those using the same resources. Visual attention research identified neurons responding selectively to features and the role of the thalamus in controlling receptive fields. Executive attention involves inhibiting inappropriate responses under demanding conditions. Feature integration theory proposed that attention is needed to bind distributed features into whole object perceptions.
The presentation provides an overview of emotional disorders in students, including defining emotional disturbance, identifying characteristics and causes, assessment and teaching strategies. It discusses challenges students with emotional disorders face, and recommends collaboration between families, schools and community organizations to support these students.
Children with disabilities: concept of disability, definitions, categories, causes, rights, health and community care, prevention, community-based rehabilitation.
The document discusses signal detection theory and the four main functions of attention: signal detection, selective attention, divided attention, and search. It describes signal detection theory and the four possible outcomes of detecting or not detecting a target stimulus. It then discusses each of the four main functions of attention in more detail, including definitions, theories, and studies related to vigilance, selective attention, divided attention, and visual search. Finally, it discusses attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and its causes and symptoms.
The document discusses attention and its characteristics. It defines attention as the focus of consciousness on a particular object or idea at a time, to the exclusion of others. It describes attention as a selective mental activity that is constantly shifting. There are two main types of attention: voluntary attention, which requires conscious effort, and involuntary attention, which does not require will or effort. Some key factors that influence attention, both internally and externally, are also outlined.
This document provides an overview of cognitive psychology and attention. It defines cognitive psychology and discusses the role of attention, including types of attention like visual and auditory attention. Theories of selective attention are presented, including early selection, attenuation, and late selection theories. Everyday problems of attention are discussed like inattentional blindness. Clinical problems like attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are also summarized.
This document outlines 28 characteristics of a good teacher. Some of the key characteristics discussed include having in-depth knowledge of their subject matter, patience, intellectual curiosity, achievement and goal-oriented approach, awareness in the classroom, maturity, community involvement, strong organizational skills, passion and enthusiasm for teaching, use of effective teaching methods, and maintaining a polite and democratic attitude. Overall, the document emphasizes that good teachers have mastery of their content area, are able to effectively engage and manage students, and approach teaching with passion and care for their students' development.
This document discusses mental retardation, including definitions, classifications, degrees of severity, common genetic causes like Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome, epidemiology, comorbid conditions, etiology, and specific genetic syndromes associated with intellectual disabilities like phenylketonuria. It provides information on prominent advocacy organizations, how mental retardation is diagnosed and coded in diagnostic manuals, and adaptive and intellectual functioning assessments.
Gifted and talented students are difficult to define precisely but generally refer to the top 2% of students academically. They are often identified by superior performance, advanced vocabulary, and problem-solving skills, but can also struggle from boredom, anxiety, or feeling isolated from peers. Teachers are key in identification and should be aware of models like Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences and Renzulli's three-ring concept of giftedness, which classify strengths across various abilities. Supporting gifted students requires differentiation, enrichment, and adapting curriculum to motivate them while in regular classrooms. Acceleration and extracurricular programs can further challenge very gifted students.
detailed presentation on learning disabilitiesDivya Murthy
This document discusses learning disabilities, including definitions, types, suspected causes, assessment practices, and legal considerations. It notes that learning disabilities affect a broad range of academic and functional skills, such as reading, writing, and reasoning. Common types include dyslexia, dyscalculia, and dysgraphia. Assessment involves informal methods like observations as well as formal testing of cognitive abilities, information processing, and educational achievement. Technology can help individuals with learning disabilities, and laws like IDEA, Section 504, and ADA provide legal protections for students.
A good teacher has a positive attitude, is passionate about teaching, and knows their subject matter well. They are also prepared, caring towards students, and respect and relate to students by being accessible and keeping an open mind.
Presentation of Learning Disabilities by Dr Tarek Elabsydrtarekelabsy
A learning disability is a condition that makes the learning process difficult due to how the brain processes information. It is found in children of normal intelligence who have difficulties learning specific skills like reading, writing, or math. Learning disabilities are disorders that affect basic psychological processes involved in understanding or using language, spoken or written. They can manifest as problems listening, thinking, speaking, reading, writing, spelling, or doing math. Learning disabilities have a variety of potential causes and symptoms, and a diagnosis requires evaluation by a trained professional using standardized tests.
The document describes various characteristics of gifted and talented students. It discusses positive characteristics like intellectual ability, academic ability, creative ability, artistic talent, and leadership ability. It also discusses negative characteristics that can conceal giftedness, such as questionable humor, obsession with unusual interests, frustration with academic skills, and disruptive classroom behavior. The document provides examples of how gifted students may differ from high-achieving students and notes that gifted students are not always "teacher pleasers" and may not turn in homework.
This presentation contains information regarding gifted students and tips for teachers with respect to providing gifted students appropriate educational opportunities.
This document discusses theories and assessments of intelligence. It defines intelligence as the capacity to acquire and apply knowledge. Several theories of intelligence are described, including Spearman's theory of a general intelligence factor ("g") and specific factors, Thurstone's primary mental abilities, Cattell and Horn's fluid and crystallized intelligence, Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, and emotional intelligence. Intelligence tests discussed include early tests developed by Galton and Binet-Simon, as well as modern tests like the WAIS and WISC that assess verbal and performance abilities. The document also notes individual variations in intellectual ability.
Educational psychology describes and explains the learning experience of an individual from birth through old age. It is the science of education that applies principles of psychology to understand how people learn. Educational psychology helps teachers understand student development, abilities and limitations, as well as the learning process. It provides knowledge and skills for teachers to effectively educate students and produce desirable changes for their overall development. The subject matter of educational psychology revolves around the learner, their learning experiences, processes and environment, as well as the teacher. It employs scientific methods to study behavior in educational settings.
Mental retardation is a developmental disability characterized by below average intelligence and impaired daily living skills. It is typically present from birth or early childhood. There are four levels of mental retardation based on IQ scores: mild, moderate, severe, and profound. Common causes include genetic conditions like Down syndrome, problems during pregnancy such as alcohol exposure, and infectious diseases. Prevention strategies include improving nutrition, universal immunization, and avoiding pregnancy in very young or older women.
Educational psychology studies how people learn in educational settings, typically focusing on the classroom. It examines learning from behavioral, cognitive, social cognitive, and constructivist perspectives. More recently, connectivism has also been studied as it relates to learning in a digital age. Motivation is an important concept, looking at both internal and external factors that influence a student's engagement and success.
A learning disability is a disorder that affects one or more basic psychological processes involved in understanding or using spoken or written language. It can manifest as difficulties with listening, thinking, speaking, reading, writing, spelling, or math. Common causes include genetics, problems during pregnancy/birth, brain injuries, and environmental factors like poor early education. Learning disabilities are diagnosed by comparing IQ and achievement test scores - a significant discrepancy indicates a learning disability. Specific types of learning disabilities include dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, and others related to language, motor skills, sensory processing and more.
Mr. Renzulli offers a new, research-based definition of giftedness and talent. It is an operational definition intended to help practitioners. He analyzes past definitions along a continuum from conservative to liberal. Conservative definitions focus only on academic performance and intelligence scores above the 95th percentile. More liberal definitions include broader areas like art and leadership. Mr. Renzulli then reviews research showing that gifted individuals have above-average general abilities, task commitment, and creativity interacting together. He proposes a "three-ring conception" definition operationalizing this research.
The document provides a rating scale for teachers to evaluate the behavioral characteristics of superior students. It contains items in the areas of learning, creativity, motivation, and leadership. Teachers are instructed to rate each student on a scale of 1 to 6 based on how frequently they have observed certain behaviors, with 1 being "never" and 6 being "always". The rating scale includes items such as the student's vocabulary, ability to make generalizations, imaginative thinking, concentration, responsibility, and tendency to direct activities involving others. Teachers are asked to fill in the student's name or code number and provide ratings for each of the 37 items listed.
The presentation provides an overview of emotional disorders in students, including defining emotional disturbance, identifying characteristics and causes, assessment and teaching strategies. It discusses challenges students with emotional disorders face, and recommends collaboration between families, schools and community organizations to support these students.
Children with disabilities: concept of disability, definitions, categories, causes, rights, health and community care, prevention, community-based rehabilitation.
The document discusses signal detection theory and the four main functions of attention: signal detection, selective attention, divided attention, and search. It describes signal detection theory and the four possible outcomes of detecting or not detecting a target stimulus. It then discusses each of the four main functions of attention in more detail, including definitions, theories, and studies related to vigilance, selective attention, divided attention, and visual search. Finally, it discusses attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and its causes and symptoms.
The document discusses attention and its characteristics. It defines attention as the focus of consciousness on a particular object or idea at a time, to the exclusion of others. It describes attention as a selective mental activity that is constantly shifting. There are two main types of attention: voluntary attention, which requires conscious effort, and involuntary attention, which does not require will or effort. Some key factors that influence attention, both internally and externally, are also outlined.
This document provides an overview of cognitive psychology and attention. It defines cognitive psychology and discusses the role of attention, including types of attention like visual and auditory attention. Theories of selective attention are presented, including early selection, attenuation, and late selection theories. Everyday problems of attention are discussed like inattentional blindness. Clinical problems like attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are also summarized.
This document outlines 28 characteristics of a good teacher. Some of the key characteristics discussed include having in-depth knowledge of their subject matter, patience, intellectual curiosity, achievement and goal-oriented approach, awareness in the classroom, maturity, community involvement, strong organizational skills, passion and enthusiasm for teaching, use of effective teaching methods, and maintaining a polite and democratic attitude. Overall, the document emphasizes that good teachers have mastery of their content area, are able to effectively engage and manage students, and approach teaching with passion and care for their students' development.
This document discusses mental retardation, including definitions, classifications, degrees of severity, common genetic causes like Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome, epidemiology, comorbid conditions, etiology, and specific genetic syndromes associated with intellectual disabilities like phenylketonuria. It provides information on prominent advocacy organizations, how mental retardation is diagnosed and coded in diagnostic manuals, and adaptive and intellectual functioning assessments.
Gifted and talented students are difficult to define precisely but generally refer to the top 2% of students academically. They are often identified by superior performance, advanced vocabulary, and problem-solving skills, but can also struggle from boredom, anxiety, or feeling isolated from peers. Teachers are key in identification and should be aware of models like Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences and Renzulli's three-ring concept of giftedness, which classify strengths across various abilities. Supporting gifted students requires differentiation, enrichment, and adapting curriculum to motivate them while in regular classrooms. Acceleration and extracurricular programs can further challenge very gifted students.
detailed presentation on learning disabilitiesDivya Murthy
This document discusses learning disabilities, including definitions, types, suspected causes, assessment practices, and legal considerations. It notes that learning disabilities affect a broad range of academic and functional skills, such as reading, writing, and reasoning. Common types include dyslexia, dyscalculia, and dysgraphia. Assessment involves informal methods like observations as well as formal testing of cognitive abilities, information processing, and educational achievement. Technology can help individuals with learning disabilities, and laws like IDEA, Section 504, and ADA provide legal protections for students.
A good teacher has a positive attitude, is passionate about teaching, and knows their subject matter well. They are also prepared, caring towards students, and respect and relate to students by being accessible and keeping an open mind.
Presentation of Learning Disabilities by Dr Tarek Elabsydrtarekelabsy
A learning disability is a condition that makes the learning process difficult due to how the brain processes information. It is found in children of normal intelligence who have difficulties learning specific skills like reading, writing, or math. Learning disabilities are disorders that affect basic psychological processes involved in understanding or using language, spoken or written. They can manifest as problems listening, thinking, speaking, reading, writing, spelling, or doing math. Learning disabilities have a variety of potential causes and symptoms, and a diagnosis requires evaluation by a trained professional using standardized tests.
The document describes various characteristics of gifted and talented students. It discusses positive characteristics like intellectual ability, academic ability, creative ability, artistic talent, and leadership ability. It also discusses negative characteristics that can conceal giftedness, such as questionable humor, obsession with unusual interests, frustration with academic skills, and disruptive classroom behavior. The document provides examples of how gifted students may differ from high-achieving students and notes that gifted students are not always "teacher pleasers" and may not turn in homework.
This presentation contains information regarding gifted students and tips for teachers with respect to providing gifted students appropriate educational opportunities.
This document discusses theories and assessments of intelligence. It defines intelligence as the capacity to acquire and apply knowledge. Several theories of intelligence are described, including Spearman's theory of a general intelligence factor ("g") and specific factors, Thurstone's primary mental abilities, Cattell and Horn's fluid and crystallized intelligence, Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, and emotional intelligence. Intelligence tests discussed include early tests developed by Galton and Binet-Simon, as well as modern tests like the WAIS and WISC that assess verbal and performance abilities. The document also notes individual variations in intellectual ability.
Educational psychology describes and explains the learning experience of an individual from birth through old age. It is the science of education that applies principles of psychology to understand how people learn. Educational psychology helps teachers understand student development, abilities and limitations, as well as the learning process. It provides knowledge and skills for teachers to effectively educate students and produce desirable changes for their overall development. The subject matter of educational psychology revolves around the learner, their learning experiences, processes and environment, as well as the teacher. It employs scientific methods to study behavior in educational settings.
Mental retardation is a developmental disability characterized by below average intelligence and impaired daily living skills. It is typically present from birth or early childhood. There are four levels of mental retardation based on IQ scores: mild, moderate, severe, and profound. Common causes include genetic conditions like Down syndrome, problems during pregnancy such as alcohol exposure, and infectious diseases. Prevention strategies include improving nutrition, universal immunization, and avoiding pregnancy in very young or older women.
Educational psychology studies how people learn in educational settings, typically focusing on the classroom. It examines learning from behavioral, cognitive, social cognitive, and constructivist perspectives. More recently, connectivism has also been studied as it relates to learning in a digital age. Motivation is an important concept, looking at both internal and external factors that influence a student's engagement and success.
A learning disability is a disorder that affects one or more basic psychological processes involved in understanding or using spoken or written language. It can manifest as difficulties with listening, thinking, speaking, reading, writing, spelling, or math. Common causes include genetics, problems during pregnancy/birth, brain injuries, and environmental factors like poor early education. Learning disabilities are diagnosed by comparing IQ and achievement test scores - a significant discrepancy indicates a learning disability. Specific types of learning disabilities include dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, and others related to language, motor skills, sensory processing and more.
Mr. Renzulli offers a new, research-based definition of giftedness and talent. It is an operational definition intended to help practitioners. He analyzes past definitions along a continuum from conservative to liberal. Conservative definitions focus only on academic performance and intelligence scores above the 95th percentile. More liberal definitions include broader areas like art and leadership. Mr. Renzulli then reviews research showing that gifted individuals have above-average general abilities, task commitment, and creativity interacting together. He proposes a "three-ring conception" definition operationalizing this research.
The document provides a rating scale for teachers to evaluate the behavioral characteristics of superior students. It contains items in the areas of learning, creativity, motivation, and leadership. Teachers are instructed to rate each student on a scale of 1 to 6 based on how frequently they have observed certain behaviors, with 1 being "never" and 6 being "always". The rating scale includes items such as the student's vocabulary, ability to make generalizations, imaginative thinking, concentration, responsibility, and tendency to direct activities involving others. Teachers are asked to fill in the student's name or code number and provide ratings for each of the 37 items listed.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help alleviate symptoms of mental illness and boost overall mental well-being.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses high-ability students from disadvantaged backgrounds who have not been identified for gifted programs. It summarizes research showing these "tough bright" students face abuse, neglect, and unsupportive home and school environments. Through interviews with 11 such middle school students, the study found they displayed signs of resilience like verbal skills and wisdom beyond their years, despite difficult personal experiences. It suggests identification methods and programming should account for these students' needs and circumstances to help them succeed.
Peterson - Addressing Counseling Needs of Gifted StudentsPurdueGERI
This document discusses the counseling needs of gifted students and the role of school counselors in addressing those needs. It notes that while gifted students face unique social-emotional issues related to their abilities, school counseling programs provide little training on working with gifted populations. The document explores common counseling concerns for gifted students like underachievement and asynchronous development. It argues school counselors should be aware of gifted students' needs and equipped to provide differentiated counseling approaches that acknowledge how giftedness can be both an asset and burden.
This document is a nomination scale for the HOPE1 gifted program. It collects information about a student such as name, grade, date of birth, ethnicity, and ratings on a scale of 1 to 6 for traits like performing at high levels, being self-aware, showing compassion, being a leader, and thinking outside the box. The teacher is also asked to indicate areas of talent like math, reading, or arts and provide additional comments on the student's potential.
This document discusses common characteristics of gifted individuals including a tendency towards negative humor, high expectations of self and others, discrepancies between intellectual and physical development, boredom with regular curriculum, strong memory and verbal skills, idealism, and depression from unrealistic goals. Gifted students may struggle with relationships, self-criticism, impatience, dominance in conversation, and perceptions of arrogance from their abilities and thought processes.
Gifted students often have characteristics like high expectations, an accelerated thought process, and advanced knowledge that can lead to potential problems in school. These problems include a discrepancy between physical and intellectual development, difficulty with the traditional classroom environment, and issues relating to their classmates. The document lists characteristics of gifted students and asks readers to consider problems these traits could cause in a school setting, drawing from the book "Growing Up Gifted" by Barbara Clark.