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CHAPTER VIII
STANDARDS
REGARDING
WATCHKEEPING
Attachment 2 to the Final Act of
the 2010 STCW Conference Resolution 2 The Manila
Amendments
to the Seafarers’ Training, Certification and
watchkeeping ( STCW ) Code
N23
BP3IP JAKARTA
LECTURER & ASSESSOR
N23
Presented by : Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
BALAI BESAR PENDIDIKAN PENYEGARAN DAN
PENINGKATAN ILMU PELAYARAN
JAKARTA
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
Attachment 2 to the Final Act of
the 2010 STCW Conference Resolution 2 The Manila Amendments
to the Seafarers’ Training, Certification and watchkeeping ( STCW ) Code
CHAPTER VIII
STANDARDS REGARDING
WATCHKEEPING
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
PART 3 – WATCHKEEPING PRINCIPLES IN GENERAL
8 Whatches shall be carried out based on the following bridge and
engine-room resource management principles :
.1
.2
.3
proper arrangements for watchkeeping personnel shall be
ensured in accordance with the situation ;
any limitation in qualification or fitness of individuals shall be
taken into account when deploying watchkeeping
personnel ;
understanding of watchkeeping personnel regarding their
individual roles, responsibility and team roles shall be
established ;
3
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
PART 3 – WATCHKEEPING PRINCIPLES IN GENERAL
8 Whatches shall be carried out based on the following bridge and
engine-room resource management principles :
.4
.5
.6
the master, chief engineer officer and officer in charge of
watch duties shall maintain a proper watch making the most
effective use of the resources available, such as information,
installations/ equipment and other personnel ;
watchkeeping personnel shall understand functions and
operation of installation/ equipment, and be familiar with
handling them ;
watchkeeping personnel shall understand information and
how to respond to information from each
station/installation/equipment ;
4
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
PART 3 – WATCHKEEPING PRINCIPLES IN GENERAL
8 Whatches shall be carried out based on the following bridge and
engine-room resource management principles :
.7
.8
.9
information from the stations/installation/equipment shall be
appropriately shared by all thee watchkeeping personnel ;
watchkeeping personnel shall maintain an exchange of
appropriate communication in any situation ;
and
watchkeeping personnel shall notify the master/chief
engineer officer in charge of watch duties
without any hesitation when and any doubt as to what action
to take in the interest of safety .
5
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4 – Watchkeeping at sea
Principles applying to watchkeeping generally
9
10
11
Parties shall direct the attention of companies, master, chief
engineer and watchkeeping personnel to the following
principles, which shall be observed to ensure that safe watches
are maintained at all times .
The master of every ship is bound to ensure that watchkeeping
arrangements are adequate for maintaining a safe navigational or
cargo watch. Under the master’s general direction, the officer of
the navigational watch are responsible for navigating the ship
safety during their period of duty , when they will be particularly
concerned with avoiding collision and stranding.
The chief engineer officer of every ship is bound, in consultation
with master, to ensure that watchkeeping arrangements are
adequate to maintain a safe engineering watch.
6
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
12
13
Protection of marine environment
The master, officers and ratings shall be aware of the serious
effects of operational or accidental pollution of the marine
environment and shall take all possible precautions to prevent
such pollution , particularly within the frame work of relevant
international and port regulations .
The officer in charge of the navigational watch is the master’s
representative ad is primarily responsible at all times for safe
navigation of the ship and for complying with the International
Regulations for Preventing Collision at Sea, 1972 as amended .
Part 4 – Watchkeeping at sea
Principles applying to watchkeeping generally
7
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
14
Lookout
A proper lookout shall be maintained at all times in compliance
with rule 5 of the International Regulation for Preventing Collision
at Sea, 1972, as amended, and shall serve the purpose of :
.1
.2
.3
maintaining a continuous state of vigilance by sight and
hearing, as well as by all other available means, with regard
to any significant change in the operating environment ;
fully appraising the situation and the risk collision, stranding
and other dangers to navigation, and
detecting ships or aircraft in distress, shipwrecked persons,
wrecks, debris and other hazards to safe navigation.
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
8
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
15
16
The lookout must be able to give full attention to the keeping of a
proper lookout and no other duties shall be undertaken or
assigned wich could interfere with that task .
The duties of the lookout and helmsperson are separate, and the
helmsperson shall not be considered to be lookout while
steering, except in small ships where an unobstructed all-round
view is provided at the steering position and there is no
impairment of night vision or other impediment to the keeping of
a proper lookout. The officer in charge of the navigational watch
may be the sole lookout in daylight provided that, on each such
occasion :
9
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
.1
.2
the situation has been carefully assessed and it has been
established without doubt that it is safe to do so ;
full account has been taken of all relevant factors, including, but
not limited to :
-
-
-
-
-
state of weather ;
visibility ;
traffic density
proximity of dangers to navigation ; and
the attention necessary when ; navigating in or near traffic
separation scheme ; and
.3 assistance is immediately available to be summoned to the bridge
when any change in the situation so requires .
10
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
17 In determining that the composition of the navigational watch is
adequate to ensure that a proper lookout can continuously be
maintained, the master shall take into account all relevant factors,
including those described in this section of the Code, as well as
the following factors :
.1
.2
.3
.4
visibility, state of weather and sea ;
traffic density, and other activities accurring in the area in
which the vessel is navigating ;
the attention necessary when navigating in or near traffic
separation schemes or other routeing measures ;
the additional workload caused by the nature of the ship’s
function, immediate operating requirements and anticipated
manoeuvres ;
11
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
.5
.6
.7
.8
.9
the fitness for duty of any crew members on call who are
assigned as members of the watch ;
knowledge of, and confidence in, the professional
competence of the ship’s officers and crew ;
the experience of each officer of the navigational watch, and
the familiarity of that officer with the ship’s equipment,
procedures, and manoeuvring capability ;
activities taking place on board the ship at any particular
time, including radio communication activities, and the
availability of assistance to be summoned immediately to the
bridge when necessary ;
the operational status of bridge instrument and controls,
including alarm system ;
12
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
.10
.11
.12
.13
rudder and propeller control and ship manoeuvring
characteristics ;
the size of the ship and the field of vision available from the
conning position ;
the configuration of the bridge, to the extend such
configuration might inhibit a member of the watch from
detecting by sight or hearing any external development ;
and
any other relevant standard, procedure or guidance relating
to watchkeeping arrangements and fitness for duty which has
been adopted by the Organization .
13
18
Watch Arrangements
When deciding the composition of the watch on the bridge, which
may include appropriately qualified ratings, the following factors,
inter alia, shall be taken into account :
.1
.2
.3
.4
at no time shall the bridge be left unattended ;
weather condition, visibility and weather there is daylight or
darkness;
proximity of navigational hazards which may take it necessary
for the officer in charge of the watch to carry out additional
navigational duties ;
use and operational condition of navigational aids such as
ECDIS, radar or electronic position-indicating devices and
any other equipment affecting the safe navigational of the
ship ;
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
14
Watch Arrangements
.5
.6
.7
.8
whether the ship is fitted with automatic steering ;
whether there are radio duties to be performed ;
unmanned machinery space ( UMS ) controls, alarms and
indicators provided on the bridge, procedures for their use
and their limitations ; and
any unusual demands on the navigational watch that may
arise as a result of special operational circumstances .
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
15
19
20
21
Taking over the watch
The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall not hand over
the watch to the relieving officer if there is reason to believe that
the letter is not capable of carrying out the watchkeeping duties
effectively, in which case the master shall be notified
The relieving officer shall ensure that the members of the
relieving watch are fully capable of performing their duties,
particularly as regards their adjustment to night vision. Relieving
officers shall not take over the watch until their vision is fully
adjusted to the light conditions .
Prior to taking over the watch, relieving officers shall satisfy
themselves as to the ship’s estimated or true position and confirm
its intended track, course and speed, UMS controls as appropriate
and shall note any dangers to navigation expected to be
encountered during their watch .
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
16
22
Taking over the watch
Relieving officers shall personally satisfy themselves regarding
the :
.1
.2
.3
.5
standing orders and other special instructions of the master
relating to navigation of the ship ;
position, course, speed and draught of the ship ;
prevailling and predicted tides, currents, weather, visibility
and the effect of these factors upon course and speed ;
procedures for the use of main engines to manoeuvre when
the main engines are on bridge control ; and
navigational situation, including, but not limited to :
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
17
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
the operational condition of all navigational and safety
equipment being used or likely to be used during the watch ;
the errors of gyro-and magnetic compasses ;
the presence and movement of ships in sight or known to be
in the vicinity ;
the conditions and hazards likely to be encountered during
the watch ; and
the possible effects of heel, trim, water density and squat on
under-keel clearance .
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
18
23
24
If, at time, the officer in charge of the navigational watch is to be
relieved when a manoeuvre or other action to avoid any hazard is
taking place, the relief of that officer shall be deferred until such
action has been completed.
Performing the navigational watch
The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall :
.1
.2
.3
keep the watch on the bridge ;
in no circumstances leave the bridge until properly relieved ;
and
continue to be responsible for the safe navigation of the ship,
despite the presence of the master on bridge, until informed
specifically that the master has assumed that responsibility
and this is mutually understood .
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
19
25
26
27
Performing the navigational watch
During the watch, the course steered, position and speed shall be
checked at sufficiently frequent intervals, using any available
navigational aids necessary, to ensure that the ship follows the
planned course .
The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall have full
knowledge of the location and operation of all safety and
navigational equipment on board the ship and shall be aware and
take account of the operating limitations of such equipment .
The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall not be
assigned or undertake any duties which would interfere with the
safe navigation of the ship .
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
20
28
29
Performing the navigational watch
When using radar, the officer in charge of the navigational watch
shall bear in mind the necessity to comply at all times with the
provisions on the use of radar contained in the International
Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 as amended, in
force .
In cases of need, the officer in charge of the navigational watch
shall not hesitate to use the helm, engines and sound signalling
apparatus . However timely notice of intended variations of
engine speed shall be given, where possible, or effective use
shall be made of UMS engine controls provided on the bridge in
accordance with the applicable procedures .
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
21
30
31
32
Performing the navigational watch
Officers of the navigational watch shall know the handling
characteristic of their ship, including its stopping dintances, and
should appreciate that others ships may have different handling
characteristics .
A proper record shall be kept during the watch of the movements
and activities relating to the navigation of the ship .
It is of special importance that all times the officer in charge of the
navigational watch ensures that a proper lookout is maintained. In
a ship with a separate chartroom, the officer in charge of the
navigational duties, but shall first ensure that it is safe to do so and
that proper lookout is maintained .
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
22
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
33
34
Performing the navigational watch
Operational test of ship board navigational equipment shall be
carried out at sea as frequently as practicable and as
circumstances permit, in particulars before hazardous conditions
affecting navigation are expected . Whenever appropriate, these
tests shall be recorded. Such tests shall also be carried out prior
to port arrival and departure .
The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall make regular
checks to ensure that :
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
23
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
.1
.2
.3
.5
the person steering the ship or the the automatic pilot is
steering the correct course ;
the standard compass error is determined at least once a
watch and, when possible, after any major alteration of course
; the standard and gyro-compasses are frequently compared
and repeaters are synchronized with their master compass ;
the automatic pilot is tested manually at least once a watch ;
the navigation and signal lights and other navigational
equipment are functioning properly ;
the radio equipment is functioning properly in accordance
with paragraph 86 of this section ; and
the UMS controls, alarm and indicators are functioning
properly .
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
24
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
35
Performing the navigational watch
The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall bear in mind
the necessity to comply at all times with the requirements in force
of the International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS),
1974” The officer of the navigational watch shall take into
account :
.1
.2
the need to station a person to steer the ship and to put the
steering into manual control in good time to allow any
potentially hazardous situation to be dealt with in a safe
manner ; and
that, with the ship under automatic steering, it is highly
dangerous to allow a situation a developed to the point where
the officer in charge of the navigational watch is without
assistance and has to break the continuity of the lookout in
order to take emergency action .
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
25
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
36
37
38
Performing the navigational watch
Officer of the navigational watch shall be thoroughly familiar with
the use of all electronic navigational aids carried, including their
capabilities and limitations, and shall use each of these aids when
appropriate and shall bear in mind that the echo-sounder is a
valuable navigational aid .
The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall use the radar
whenever restricted visibility is encountered or expected, and at
all times in congested waters, having due regard to its
limitations .
The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall ensure that
the range scales employed are changed at sufficiently frequent
intervals so that echoes are detected as early as possible. It shall
be borne in mind that small or poor echoes may escape
detection .
26
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
39
40
Performing the navigational watch
Whenever radar is in use, the officer in charge of the navigational
watch shall select an appropriate range scale and observe the
display carefully , and shall ensure that plotting or systematic
analysis is commenced in ample time.
The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall notify the
master immediately :
.1
.2
.3
.4
if restricted visibility is encountered or expected ;
if the traffic conditions or the movements of other ships are
causing concern ;
if difficulty is experienced in maintaining course ;
on failure to sight land, or a navigation mark or to obtain
soundings by the expected time ;
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
27
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
.5
.6
.7
.8
.9
.10
if, unexpectedly, land or navigation mark is sighted or a
change in sounding occurs ;
on breakdown of the engines, propulsion machinery remote
control, steering gear or any essential navigational
equipment, alarm or indicator ;
if the radio equipment malfunctions ;
in heavy weather, if in any doubt the possibility of weather
damage ;
if the ship meets any hazards to navigation, such as ice or a
derelict ; and
in any other emergency or if in any doubt .
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
28
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
41
42
Performing the navigational watch
Despite the requirements to notify the master immediately in the
foregoing circumstances, the officer in charge of the navigational
watch shall, in addition, not hesitate to take immediate action for
the safety of the ship, where circumstances so require .
The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall give
watchkeeping personnel all appropriate instruction and
information wich will ensure the keeping of a safe watch,
including a proper lookout .
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
29
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
43
44
Clear weather
The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall take frequent
and accurate compass bearings of approaching ships as a means
of early detection of risk of collision and shall bear in mind that
such risk may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing
change is evident particularly when approaching a very large
ship or a tow or when approaching a ship at close range. The
officer in charge of the navigational watch shall also take early
and positive action in compliance with the applicable
International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972, as
amended, subsequently check that such action is having the
desired effect .
In clear weather, whenever possible the officer in charge of the
navigational watch shall carry out radar practice .
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
Watchkeeping under different conditions and in different areas
30
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
Watchkeeping under different conditions and in different areas
45
Restricted visibility
When restricted visibility is encountered or expected, the first
responsibility of the officer in charge of the navigational watch is
to comply with the relevant rules of the International Regulation
for Preventing Collision at Sea, 1972, as amended, with particular
regard to the sounding of fog signals, proceeding at a safe speed
and having the engines ready for immediate manoeuvre. In
addition, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall :
.1
.2
.3
.4
inform the master ;
post a proper lookout ;
exhibit navigation lights ; and
operate and use the radar .
31
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
45
Restricted visibility
When restricted visibility is encountered or expected, the first
responsibility of the officer in charge of the navigational watch is
to comply with the relevant rules of the International Regulation
for Preventing Collision at Sea, 1972, as amended, with particular
regard to the sounding of fog signals, proceeding at a safe speed
and having the engines ready for immediate manoeuvre. In
addition, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall :
.1
.2
.3
.4
inform the master ;
post a proper lookout ;
exhibit navigation lights ; and
operate and use the radar .
32
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
Watchkeeping under different conditions and in different areas
46
47
In hours of darkness
The master and the officer in charge of the navigational watch,
when arranging lookout duty, shall have due regard to the bridge
equipment and navigational aids available for use, their
limitations, procedures and safeguards implemented .
Coastal and congested waters
The largest scale chart on board, suitable for the area and
corrected with the latest available information, shall be used.
Fixes shall be taken at frequent intervals, and shall be carried out
by more than one method whenever circumstances allow. When
using ECDIS, appropriate usage code (scale) electronic
navigational charts shall be used and the ship’s position shall be
checked by an independent means of position fixing at
appropriate intervals .
33
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
48
49
The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall positively
identify all relevant navigation marks .
Navigation with pilot on board
Despite the duties and obligations of pilots, their presence on
board does not relieve the master or the the officer in charge of
the navigational watch from their duties and obligations for the
safety of the ship. The master and the pilot shall exchange
information regarding navigation procedures, local conditions
and the ship’s characteristics. The master and/ or the officer in
charge of the navigational watch shall co-operate closely with the
pilot and maintain an accurate check on the ship’s position and
movement .
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
Watchkeeping under different conditions and in different areas
34
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
Watchkeeping under different conditions and in different areas
50
51
If in any doubt as to the pilot’s action or intentions, the officer in
charge of the navigational watch shall seek clarification from the
pilot and, if doubt still exists, shall notify the master immediately
and take whatever action is necessary before the master arrives .
Ship at anchor
If the master considers it necessary, a continuous navigational
watch shall be maintained at anchor. While at anchor, the officer
in charge of the navigational watch shall :
.1 determine and plot the ship’s position on the appropriate
chart as soon as practicable ;
35
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
Watchkeeping under different conditions and in different areas
.2
.3
.4
.5
when circumstances permit, check at sufficiently frequent
intervals whether the ship is remaining securely
at anchor by taking bearings of fixed navigation marks or
readily identifiable shore objects ;
ensure that proper lookout is maintained ;
ensure that inspection rounds of the ship are made
periodically ;
observe meteorological and tidal condition and the state of
the sea
36
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
.6
.7
.8
.9
.10
notify the master and undertake all necessary measures if
the ship drags anchor;
ensure that the state of readiness of the main engines and
other machinery is in accordance with the master’s
instructions;
if visibility deteriorates, notify the master;
ensure that the ship exhibits the appropriate lights and
shapes and that appropriate sound signals are made in
accordance with all applicable regulations; and
take measures to protect the environment from pollution by
the ship and comply with applicable pollution regulations.
Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping
a navigational watch
Watchkeeping under different conditions and in different areas
37
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 5 – Watchkeeping in port
Principles applying to all watchkeeping
90
General
On any ship safety moored or safety at anchor normal
circumstances in port, the master shall arrange for an appropriate
and effective watch to be maintained for the purpose of safety.
Special requirements may be necessary for special types of ship’s
propulsion systems or ancillary equipment and for ships carrying
hazardous, dangerous, toxic or highly flammable materials or
other special types of cargo.
38
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 5 – Watchkeeping in port
Principles applying to all watchkeeping
91
Watch arrangements
Arrangements for keeping a deck watch when the ship is in port
shall at all times be adequate to :
.1
.2
.3
ensure the safety of life, of the ship, the port and the
environment, and the safe operation of all machinery related
to cargo operation;
observe International, national and local rules; and
Maintain order and the normal routine of the ship;
39
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SECTION A-VIII/2
Watchkeeping arrangements
and principles to be observed
Part 5 – Watchkeeping in port
Principles applying to all watchkeeping
92
93
94
Watch arrangements
The master shall decided the composition and duration of the
deck watch depending on the conditions of mooring type of the
ship and character of duties .
If the master consider it necessary, a qualified officer shall be in
charge of the deck watch .
The necessary equipment shall be so arranged as to provide for
efficient watchkeeping .
40
41
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
BALAI BESAR PENDIDIKAN PENYEGARAN DAN
PENINGKATAN ILMU PELAYARAN
JAKARTA
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
PRINSIP-PRINSIP
DINAS JAGA SECARA UMUM
( SEKSI A-VIII/2)
BAGIAN 3
42
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
PRINSIP-PRINSIP DINAS JAGA SECARA UMUM
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 3
Dinas jaga harus dilaksanakan berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip
manajemen sumber daya anjungan dan kamar mesin, sebagai
berikut :
1.
2.
3.
Pengaturan anggota tim dinas jaga harus dapat menjamin
sesuai dengan situasi yang ada ;
Adanya keterbatasan kualifikasi dan kesehatan petugas jaga
secara individu harus diperhatikan ketika menugaskan
seseorang ( untuk dinas jaga );
Pemahaman dari tiap-tiap anggota petugas dinas jaga
tentang peran masing-masing, tanggungjawab dan peran
tim, harus dibuat;
43
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Nakhoda, Kepala Kamar Mesin dan perwira jaga harus
senantiasa menjaga terselenggaranya dinas jaga yang
benar, menggunakan sumber daya yang ada secara tepat
guna, seperti informasi, instalasi/ peralatan dan personil
yang lain ;
Petugas jaga harus tahu fungsi dan pengoperasian dari
peralatan, dan familiar dalam menggunakannya;
Petugas jaga harus memahami informasi dan bagaimana
merespon informasi dari masing-masing stasiun/ instalasi/
peralatan;
Informasi dari stasiun/ instalasi/ peralatan harus di bagikan
secara benar oleh semua petugas jaga;
Petugas jaga harus menjaga pertukaran komunikasi secara
tepat dalam segala situasi; dan
Petugas jaga harus memberitahu nakhoda/ kepala kamar
mesin/ perwira jaga apabila merasa ragu-ragu dalam
mengambil tindakan untuk kepentingan keselamatan.
44
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
PENJELASAN
 Seksi A-VIII/2 Bagian 3 pada prinsipnya adalah mensyaratkan
pengaturan dan pelaksanaan tugas jaga secara menyeluruh untuk
menjamin keselamatan kapal, orang-orang dan lingkungan laut.
Pada pelaksanaannya, seharusnya telah dituangkan kedalam
Sistem Manajemen Kapal ( ship management System – SMS ) dalam
ISM Code, atau lebih dikenal dengan Ship Operation Procedures
(SOP) atau prosedur pengoperasian kapal.
45
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
PENJELASAN


Jumlah dan kualifikasi petugas jaga harus disesuaikan dengan
kondisi pelayaran yang ada. Sebagai contoh : Bila kapal memasuki
perairan ramai dan harus dikemudikan secara manual, maka
Nakhoda tidak boleh ragu-ragu untuk menugaskan juru mudi yang
paling handal. Bila perlu menugaskan Mualim I bila Mualim Jaga
saat itu adalah Mualim yang belum berpengalaman dan menambah
personil di anjungan.
Kondisi kesehatan fisik dan mental personil harus menjadi
pertimbangan yang utama dalam menugaskan seseorang untuk
melaksanakan tugas jaga.
46
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
Prinsip-prinsip dinas jaga secara umum
1.
2.
3.
Negara pihak (Party) harus memberitahukan perusahaan
pelayaran, nakhoda, kepala kamar mesin (KKM) dan semua
petugas jaga bahwa mereka wajib mengikuti prinsip-prinsip
yang harus di amati untuk senantiasa menjamin bahwa
keselamatan navigasi senantiasa terjaga.
Nakhoda setiap kapal memiliki kewajiban untuk melakukan
pengaturan tugas jaga yang memadai untuk menjamin
keselamatan navigasi.
Kepala Kamar Mesin (KKM) setiap kapal, bila perlu konsultasi
dengan Nakhoda, wajib membuat pengaturan tugas jaga di
kamar mesin sehingga menjamin keselamatan jaga di kamar
mesin.
47
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
PENJELASAN
Arti dari Negara Pihak ( Party ) dalam STCW adalah negara yang telah
meratifikasi atau mengaksesi konvensi STCW, dalam hal ini adalah
institusi pemerintah negara tersebut yang ditunjuk untuk
melaksanakan STCW (Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Laut).
48
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
PERLINDUNGAN LINGKUNGAN MARITIM
Nakhoda, perwira dan anak buah kapal wajib memperhatikan akibat
fatal dari pengoperasian atau musibah yang mengakibatkan
pencemaran lingkungan maritim wajib mengambil langka-langkah
pencegahan untuk menghindari terjadinya pencemaran tersebut,
khususnya dalam rangka pemenuhan terhadap peraturan internasional
dan pelabuhan suatu negara.
PENJELASAN
Bahwa pelaksanaan dinas jaga, tidak hanya memperhatikan
keselamatan navigasi saja, tetapi keamanan pelayaran dan polusi
lingkungan laut adalah juga menjadi tugas dan kewajiban petugas
dinas jaga di kapal.
49
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
PRINSIP-PRINSIP YANG HARUS DI AMATI PADA WAKTU JAGA
LAUT
Perwira jaga navigasi adalah wakil dari Nakhoda dan
penanggungjawab utama untuk menjaga keselamatan navigasi kapal
dan wajib menerapkan sesuai dengan Colregs 1972 sebagaimana
yang telah di amandemen.
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
50
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
PENGAMATAN KELILING
Pengamatan keliling yang benar setiap waktu sesuai dengan Aturan 5
Colrge 1972, untuk tujuan sebagai berikut :
1.
2.
3.
Melakukan kewaspadaan dengan pengamatan dan pendengaran
maupun dengan semua peralatan yang ada secara terus menerus,
dengan memperhatikan adanya perubahan nyata terhadap
lingkungan yang terjadi.
Secara sungguh-sungguh memperhatikan situasi adanya resiko
tubrukan, kandas dan bahaya navigasi yang lainnya; dan
Melakukan pendeteksian terhadap adanya musibah jatuhnya
pesawat udara, orang-orang di atas kapal yang mengalami
musibah, kerangka kapal, reruntuhan dan bahaya terhadap
keselamatan navigasi yang lain.
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
51
Pengamatan keliling yang dilakukan, harus mampu memberikan
perhatian penuh terhadap keselamatan navigasi, dan tidak boleh
melakukan tugas yang lain yang dapat mengganggu tugas
pengamatan keliling tersebut.
Tugas pengamatan keliling harus dipisahkan dengan tugas
mengemudikan kapal dan juru mudi yang sedang memegang kemudi
kapal tidak boleh ditugaskan sebagai petugas pengamatan keliling
(panjarwala), kecuali pada kapal-kapal kecil dimana juru mudi mampu
melihat sekeliling kapal tanpa terhalang oleh bangunan kapal.
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
52
Perwira jaga navigasi boleh bertugas sendirian di anjungan pada
siang hari, apabila :
1.
2.
3.
Situasi telah secara seksama dinilai aman untuk pengaturan
seperti itu;
Semua faktor-faktor yang terkait dengan keselamatan navigasi
telah dilakukan penilaian secara saksama, termasuk : keadaan
cuaca, jarak penglihatan, ramainya lalu lintas kapal-kapal, adanya
bahaya navigasi disekitar kapal, dan perhatian harus diberikan
bila bernavigasi didalam dan di dekat bagan pemisah lalu lintas
(Traffic Separation Scheme); dan
Bantuan harus dapat diberikan segera apabila terjadi perubahan
situasi yang mendadak di anjungan, bila diperlukan.
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
53
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
Dalam menentukan komposisi petugas jaga yang memadai untuk
menjamin pengamatan keliling dapat terus dilaksanakan, nakhoda
wajib memperhatikan faktor-faktor yang relevan, termasuk :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Jarak penglihatan, cuaca dan ombak;
Kepadatan lalu lintas kapal, dan aktivitas disekitar kapal;
Perlunya perhatian ketika bernavigasi di TSS atau rute pelayaran
tertentu (sungai, pantai, dll);
Adanya beban kerja lebih dikarenakan sifat dan fungsi
operasional kapal, kemungkinan perlunya olah gerak secara
mendadak;
Kondisi kesehatan petugas jaga berkaitan dengan kesiapan
secara fisik dan mental sebelum melakukan tugas jaga;
54
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Pengetahuan dan kepercayaan diri perwira jaga dan petugas jaga
lainnya;
Pengalaman setiap perwira jaga, dan pemahaman dari perwira
jaga terhadap pengoperasian peralatan, prosedur-prosedur dan
kemampuan oleh gerak kapal;
Kegiatan di atas kapal pada waktu-waktu tertentu, termasuk
kegiatan komunikasi radio dan ketersediaan bantuan secara
mendadak di anjungan, bila diperlukan;
Status operasional peralatan di anjungan, termasuk sistem alarm;
Pengendalian kemudi dan baling-baling kapal dan karakteristik
oleh gerak kapal;
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
55
11.
12.
13.
Ukuran kapal dan pandangan dari posisi dimana tugas jaga
dilaksanakan;
Konfigurasi anjungan, yang mungkin mengakibatkan petugas
jaga menjadi terganggu melaksanakan pengamatan secara visual
dan pendengaran terhadap adanya perkembangan di luar kapal;
Standard yang relevan lainnya, prosedur atau panduan terkait
dengan pengaturan dinas jaga, dan kelayakan fisik dan mental
untuk melaksanakan tugas jaga sebagaimana telah diatur oleh
IMO.
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
56
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
PENGATURAN DINAS JAGA
Dalam melakukan pengaturan tugas jaga di anjungan, hal-hal berikut
harus diperlukan :
1.
2.
3.
4.
Anjungan harus tidak boleh kosong (harus selalu ada petugas
jaga);
Kondisi cuaca, jarak tampak, dan apakah siang atau malam;
Adanya bahaya navigasi disekeliling kapal mungkin membuat
beban tugas perwira jaga menjadi bertambah berat;
Penggunaan alat-alat navigasi seperti ECDIS, radar atau alat
penentu posisi kapal dan alat navigasi elektronika lain yang dapat
mempengaruhi keselamatan navigasi;
57
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
5.
6.
7.
Apakah kapal dilengkapi dengan sistem kemudi otomatis;
Pengendalian kamar mesin yang tidak di awaki (unmanned
machinery space – UMS), alarm dan indikator-indikator yang ada
di anjungan, prosedur dan keterbatasan alat-alat tersebut; dan
Hal-hal yang di luar kebiasaan dalam dinas jaga navigasi yang
muncul sebagai akibat dari perubahan kondisi pengoperasian
kapal yang terjadi secara mendadak.
58
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
PERGANTIAN TUGAS JAGA
Hal-hal yang perlu diperhatikan pada saat pergantian tugas jaga,
adalah sebagai berikut:
✔ Perwira jaga navigasi tidak boleh menyerahkan tugas jaga
kepada perwira pengganti apabila memiliki keyakinan bahwa
perwira jaga pengganti tidak akan mampu melaksanakan tugas
jaga secara efektif (misalnya sakit, diduga mabok, atau
kompetensinya diragukan dengan kondisi perairan). Dalam hal
ini harus memberitahukan Nakhoda.
59
✔
✔
Perwira jaga pengganti harus yakin bahwa semua anggota jaga
mampu melaksanakan tugas jaga dengan baik, khususnya
penglihatan mereka pada malam hari. Perwira pengganti tidak
boleh menerima tugas jaga sebelum penglihatannya beradaptasi
dengan keadaan yang ada.
Sebelum mengambil alih tugas jaga, perwira jaga pengganti
harus mengetahui secara pasti posisi kapal (baik posisi duga atau
posisi fix) dan rute pelayaran yang akan ditempuh, haluan dan
kecepatan kapal, pengendalian kamar mesin yang tidak di awaki
(UMS) serta adanya kemungkinan bahaya navigasi yang akan
dihadapi.
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
60
✔ Perwira jaga pengganti harus benar-benar memahami berkaitan
dengan;
1.
2.
3.
Perintah tetap (standing orders) dan perintah lain dari
Nakhoda (night order) dengan navigasi kapal;
Posisi, haluan, kecepatan dan sarat kapal;
Keadaan dan prakiraan pasang surut, arus, cuaca, daya
tampak penglihatan, dan pengaruh dari semua itu pada
haluan dan kecepatan kapal;
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
61
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
✔
✔
Prosedur menggunakan mesin untuk berolah gerak bila mesin
induk dikendalikan dari anjungan; dan
Keadaan navigasi, termasuk:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Kondisi operasional dari semua peralatan navigasi dan
keselamatan yang digunakan dan yang mungkin akan
digunakan selama dinas jaga;
Kesalahan pedoman gasing dan pedoman magnet;
Adanya kapal-kapal disekitar dan pergerakannya;
Kondisi dan kemungkinan adanya bahaya selama dinas jaga;
Kemungkinan adanya olengan kapal, trim, massa jenis air
laut dan squat sehubungan dengan sarat kapal dan
keselamatan laut.
62
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
✔ Apabila pergantian tugas jaga harus dilaksanakan pada saat
Perwira jaga lama masih melakukan kegiatan oleh gerak kapal
atau kegiatan lain guna menghindari bahaya, pergantian tugas
jaga harus ditunda sampai kegiatan tersebut selesai
dilaksanakan.
63
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
PELAKSANAAN DINAS JAGA
 Perwira jaga harus:
1.
2.
3.
Senantiasa berada di anjungan;
Tidak boleh meninggalkan anjungan sampai ada perwira
jaga pengganti; dan
Terus melaksanakan tugas jaga dan mengambil tanggung
jawab penuh walaupun ada kehadiran Nakhoda di anjungan,
sampai Nakhoda mengambil alih tanggung jawab.
 Selama dinas jaga, haluan yang dikemudikan, posisi dan
kecepatan harus selalu diperiksa dengan interval yang memadai,
untuk menjamin bahwa kapal berlayar sesuai dengan rancangan
pelayaran yang telah dibuat.
64
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4



Setiap perwira jaga wajib memahami tempat dan prosedur
pengoperasian semua alat keselamatan dan alat navigasi di kapal
dan wajib memperhatikan keterbatasan dari peralatan tersebut.
Tidak boleh menugaskan perwira jaga, yang dapat
mengakibatkan keselamatan navigasi kapal.
Bila menggunakan radar, perwira jaga wajib mematuhi
ketentuan-ketentuan sebagaimana disyaratkan oleh COLREG
1972 yang telah di amandemen.
65
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4


Bila diperlukan, perwira jaga tidak boleh ragu-ragu untuk
menggunakan kemudi manual, mesin induk dan isyarat bunyi
yang ada. Namun demikian, pemberitahuan harus disampaikan
ke kamar mesin pada waktu yang tepat bila menggunakan
pengendali dari anjungan dan dilakukan sesuai prosedur yang
ada.
Setiap perwira jaga wajib memahami karakteristik olah gerak
kapalnya, termasuk jarak henti, dan harus mampu memberikan
penilaian bahwa kapal lain memiliki karakteristik olah gerak
yang berbeda dengan kapalnya.
66
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4


Rekaman/ catatan pergerakan dan kegiatan berkaitan dengan
navigasi harus selalu dicatat dengan baik.
Setiap perwira jaga wajib menjamin bahwa pengamatan keliling
telah dilaksanakan dengan benar. Di kapal yang ruang petanya
terpisah, boleh meninggalkan ruang jaga di anjungan untuk
memeriksa ruang peta, namun harus diyakinkan bahwa
pengamatan keliling untuk keselamatan navigasi masih dapat
dipertahankan.
67
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar


Bila dapat dilakukan dan keadaan memungkinkan, pemeriksaan
(test) terhadap alat-alat navigasi dapat dilaksanakan sesring
mungkin, khususnya bila diperkirakan akan menghadapi
keadaan bahaya. Test tersebut harus dicatat (recorded) dengan
benar. Test tersebut harus dilakukan pada waktu kapal akan
meninggalkan pelabuhan atau akan tiba di pelabuhan.
Setiap perwira jaga wajib melakukan pemeriksaan secara teratur
untuk menjamin :
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
68
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
 Setiap perwira jaga wajib melakukan pemeriksaan secara teratur
untuk menjamin :
1.
2.
Juru mudi melaksanakan pengemudian kapal dengan benar
atau kemudi otomatis bekerja dengan baik;
Kesalahan pedoman selalu ditentukan paling tidak satu kali
dalam setiap periode jaga dan setelah melakukan perubahan
haluan; pedoman tolok dan pedoman gasing harus selalu
diperbandingkan, dan semua repeater harus
disinkronisasikan dengan master gyro;
69
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
 Setiap perwira jaga wajib melakukan pemeriksaan secara teratur
untuk menjamin :
3.
4.
5.
6.
Kemudi otomatis (automatic pilot) telah di test secara manual
sedikitnya sekali selama periode jaga;
Penerangan dan isyarat navigasi dan peralatan navigasi
lainnya berfungsi dengan baik;
Semua peralatan radio bekerja dengan baik; dan
Pengendali UMS, alarm-alarm dan indikator bekerja dengan
baik.
70
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
 Perwira jaga wajib memahami pentingnya pemenuhan terhadap
ketentuan konvensi SOLAS 1974 (yang telah diamandemen), dan
harus memperhatikan :
1.
2.
Menempatkan sesorang untuk mengemudikan kapal secara
manual apabila sewaktu-waktu diperlukan, agar mampu
terhindar dari bahaya navigasi yang ada; dan
Dengan pengemudian otomatis, adalah sangat berbahaya
bila terjadi keadaan dimana perwira jaga harus melakukan
pengamatan keliling tanpa ada seseorang yang membantu,
terutama bila akan melakukan tindakan-tindakan darurat.
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
71
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4


Perwira jaga navigasi harus faham menggunakan semua alat
bantu navigasi elektronika yang ada di kapal, termasuk
kemampuan dan keterbatasan alat bantu navigasi tersebut, dan
menggunakan tiap-tiap alat navigasi tersebut secara benar dan
harus diingat bahwa perum gema (echo sounder) adalah alat
bantu navigasi yang sangat berguna.
Perwira jaga navigasi harus menggunakan radar bila memasuki
daerah tampak terbatas, dan setiap berlayar di perairan ramai,
dengan memperhatikan keterbatasan-keterbatasannya.
72
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar


Perwira jaga harus menjamin bahwa penetapan jarak radar
diletakkan (di atur) pada jarak yang benar sehingga adanya
target diluar kapal dapat diperoleh secara dini. Harus diingat
bahwa gema yang lemah mungkin dapat lepas dari pengamatan
pendeteksian.
Apabila menggunakan radar, perwira jaga harus menggunakan
jarak yang tepat dan mengamati tampilan layar radar secara
seksama, dan melakukan plotting pada waktu yang memadai.
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
73
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
 Perwira jaga harus memberitahu Nakhoda secepatnya :




Bila akan menghadapi atau dalam keadaan penglihatan
tampak terbatas;
Bila ramainya perairan atau gerakan kapal-kapal lain
menjadi perhatian khusus;
Bila terjadi kesulitan mempertahankan haluan yang telah
ditetapkan;
Pada pengamatan yang salah terhadap benda daratan, benda
pembantu navigasi atau pendeteksian kedalaman laut yang
telah diperkirakan;
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
74
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
 Perwira jaga harus memberitahu Nakhoda secepatnya :



Bila tanda daratan atau benda pembantu navigasi terlhat
tanpa terduga, atau kedalaman laut yang diperoleh tidak
sesuai dengan yang diperkirakan.
Pada waktu mesin induk rusak, putaran mesin menurun,
kerusakan sistem kemudi atau alat navigasi penting lainnya,
alarm atau indicator.
Bila terjadi kerusakan perangkat radio komunikasi.
75
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
 Perwira jaga harus memberitahu Nakhoda secepatnya :



Di dalam cuaca buruk, bila ada keraguan cuaca akan
bertambah buruk;
Bila terjadi adanya bahaya navigasi, seperti adanya es atau
kapal yang mengapung-ngapung; dan
Dalam keadaan darurat atau dalam keraguan.
76
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4


Walaupun ada ketentuan memberitahu Nakhoda seperti yang
disebutkan di atas, perwira jaga tidak boleh ragu-ragu
mengambil tindakan segera untuk keselamatan navigasi, bila
keadaan harus demikian.
Perwira jaga harus menugaskan kepada anggota regu jaganya
dan memberitahukan informasi tentang navigasi agar
pengamatan keliling dapat terlaksana dengan benar.
77
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
78
DINAS JAGA DALAM KEADAAN DAN WILAYAH YANG BERBEDA
Cuaca cerah/ baik ( clear weather )


Perwira jaga harus sedini mungkin melakukan baringan terhadap
adanya kapal-kapal yang mendekat untuk menentukan ada atau
tidaknya resiko tubrukan dan harus diingat bahwa walaupun
terdapat perubahan baringan yang berarti harus tetap waspada,
terutama bila mendekati kapal-kapal besar atau tundaan, atau
bila pendekatan yang terlalu dekat. Perwira jaga harus
melakukan tindakan sesuai dengan yang diatur dalam COLREG
1972 (sebagaimana yang telah diamandemen) sedini mungkin
dan selalu memeriksa bahwa tindakan yang dilakukan menjamin
keselamatan navigasi.
Dalam cuaca cerah, perwira jaga boleh menggunakan radar.
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
79
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
Daya tampak terbatas ( Restricted Visibility)
 Bila memasuki atau diperkirakan akan memasuki daerah tampak
terbatas, tanggung jawab pertama perwira jaga adalah
menerapkan COLREG 1972 secara penuh, khususnya
membunyikan isyarat bunyi, melaju dengan kecepatan aman dan
menyiapkan mesin induk untuk berolah gerak dengan segera.
Sebagai tambahan, perwira jaga harus:




Memberitahu Nakhoda;
Melakukan pengamatan keliling yang seksama;
Menyalakan penerangan navigasi; dan
Mengoperasikan dan menggunakan radar.
80
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
Navigasi di kegelapan (in hours of darkness )
 Nakhoda dan perwira jaga navigasi, dalam mengatur tugas jaga
pengamatan keliling harus memperhatikan bahwa peralatan di
anjungan dan alat bantu navigasi semua dapat digunakan,
keterbatasan peralatan, prosedur dan langkah-langkah
penanganan harus diterapkan.
81
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
Navigasi pantai dan perairan yang ramai ( coastal & congested water)


Peta dengan skala besar di kapal, yang memadai untuk wilayah
perairan yang dilayari, sudah dikoreksi dan informasi yang
mutakhir, harus digunakan. Posisi kapal harus ditentukan
sesering mungkin, bila dapat dilaksanakan harus menggunakan
ECDIS, pemilihan skala peta yang digunakan harus tepat dan
posisi kapal harus ditentukan sesering mungkin dengan
menggunakan peralatan yang berbeda.
Perwira jaga navigasi wajib memiliki kemampuan yang baik
dalam mengidentifikasi semua tanda-tanda navigasi (tanjung,
pulau, pelampung dan suar).
82
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
Bernavigasi dengan pandu di atas kapal (Navigation with pilot on board)
 Walaupun telah ada pandu di atas kapal, namun tanggung jawab
tentang keselamatan navigasi kapal masih berada di pundak
Nakhoda dan perwira jaga. Nakhoda dan pandu harus bertukar
informasi tentang prosedur navigasi, kondisi sekitar dan
karakteristik olah gerak kapal. Nakhoda dan perwira jaga harus
bekerjasama dengan pandu dan memelihara pemeriksaan yang
akurat posisi dan gerakan kapal.
83
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
Bernavigasi dengan pandu di atas kapal (Navigation with pilot on board)
 Apabila terdapat keraguan tentang apa yang dilakukan atau akan
dilakukan oleh pandu, perwira jaga navigasi harus meminta
klarifikasi kepada pandu, dan apabila keraguan masih ada, harus
segera memberitahu Nakhoda dan mengambil tindakan
seperlunya sebelum Nakhoda tiba di anjungan.
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
84
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
Kapal berlabuh jangkar (ship at anchor)
 Bila Nakhoda menganggap perlu, jaga navigasi harus tetap
dilaksanakan selama kapal berlabuh jangkar, perwira navigasi
harus :






Menentukan dan memasukkan posisi di peta segera setelah
kapal lego jangkar;
Bila keadaan mengizinkan, periksa posisi kapal secara
teratur dengan menggunakan benda daratan yang dikenal;
Menjamin pengamatan keliling selalu dilaksanakan;
Menjamin pemeriksaan keliling kapal secara periodic;
Pengamatan meteorology dan pasang surut dan kondisi laut;
85
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23




Memberitahukan kepada Nakhoda dan mengambil tindakan
yang perlu bila kapal larat (posisi jangkar bergeser);
Meyakinkan bahwa mesin induk dan permesinan kapal
lainnya siap digunakan sesuai dengan perintah Nakhoda;
Bila daya tampak penglihatan memburuk, beritahu Nakhoda;
Mengambil langkah-langkah untuk menghindari terjadinya
pencemaran laut dari kapal sesuai dengan ketentuan-
ketentuan internasional yang berlaku.
DINAS JAGA LAUT
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
86
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA DI PELABUHAN
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 5
PRINSIP-PRINSIP MENERAPKAN DINAS JAGA
Umum
 Baik pada waktu kapal sandar di dermaga maupun berlabuh
jangkar, walaupun dalam keadaan normal Nakhoda wajib
mengatur tugas jaga yang benar dan efektif untuk menjamin
keselamatan kapal. Ketentuan khusus mungkin perlu dibuat bagi
kapal-kapal dengan sistem permesinan kapal tertentu, dan bila
kapal membawa muatan berbahaya, beracun atau muatan yang
mudah terbakar atau muatan-muatan khusus lainnya.
87
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
DINAS JAGA DI PELABUHAN
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 5
Pengaturan Dinas Jaga
 Pengaturan tugas jaga selama kapal berada di pelabuhan harus
senantiasa :



Menjamin keselamatan manusia dan kapal, pelabuhan dan
lingkungan, dan permesianan yang ada hubungannya
dengan operasi muatan;
Pelajari peraturan-peraturan internasional, nasional dan
peraturan setempat; dan
Memelihara kegiatan rutin yang biasa dilakukan di kapal.
88
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
Pengaturan Dinas Jaga



Nakhoda harus menentukan komposisi dan periode waktu jaga
deck sesuai dengan kondisi yang ada, jenis kapal dan sifat dari
dinas jaga;
Bila Nakhoda menganggap perlu, menugaskan perwira yang
handal untuk melakukan tugas jaga deck;
Peralatan yang diperlukan harus diatur sedemikian rupa
sehingga tugas jaga dapat dilaksanakan lebih efisien.
DINAS JAGA DI PELABUHAN
( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 5
89
BP3IP JAKARTA
N23
Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
SEKIAN DAN TERIMA KASIH

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CHAPTER VIII STANDARDS REGARDING WATCHKEEPING AMENDMENT MANILA 2010 ( ENGLISH & INDONESIA VERSION )

  • 1. CHAPTER VIII STANDARDS REGARDING WATCHKEEPING Attachment 2 to the Final Act of the 2010 STCW Conference Resolution 2 The Manila Amendments to the Seafarers’ Training, Certification and watchkeeping ( STCW ) Code N23 BP3IP JAKARTA LECTURER & ASSESSOR N23 Presented by : Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
  • 2. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 BALAI BESAR PENDIDIKAN PENYEGARAN DAN PENINGKATAN ILMU PELAYARAN JAKARTA Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar Attachment 2 to the Final Act of the 2010 STCW Conference Resolution 2 The Manila Amendments to the Seafarers’ Training, Certification and watchkeeping ( STCW ) Code CHAPTER VIII STANDARDS REGARDING WATCHKEEPING
  • 3. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed PART 3 – WATCHKEEPING PRINCIPLES IN GENERAL 8 Whatches shall be carried out based on the following bridge and engine-room resource management principles : .1 .2 .3 proper arrangements for watchkeeping personnel shall be ensured in accordance with the situation ; any limitation in qualification or fitness of individuals shall be taken into account when deploying watchkeeping personnel ; understanding of watchkeeping personnel regarding their individual roles, responsibility and team roles shall be established ; 3
  • 4. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed PART 3 – WATCHKEEPING PRINCIPLES IN GENERAL 8 Whatches shall be carried out based on the following bridge and engine-room resource management principles : .4 .5 .6 the master, chief engineer officer and officer in charge of watch duties shall maintain a proper watch making the most effective use of the resources available, such as information, installations/ equipment and other personnel ; watchkeeping personnel shall understand functions and operation of installation/ equipment, and be familiar with handling them ; watchkeeping personnel shall understand information and how to respond to information from each station/installation/equipment ; 4
  • 5. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed PART 3 – WATCHKEEPING PRINCIPLES IN GENERAL 8 Whatches shall be carried out based on the following bridge and engine-room resource management principles : .7 .8 .9 information from the stations/installation/equipment shall be appropriately shared by all thee watchkeeping personnel ; watchkeeping personnel shall maintain an exchange of appropriate communication in any situation ; and watchkeeping personnel shall notify the master/chief engineer officer in charge of watch duties without any hesitation when and any doubt as to what action to take in the interest of safety . 5
  • 6. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4 – Watchkeeping at sea Principles applying to watchkeeping generally 9 10 11 Parties shall direct the attention of companies, master, chief engineer and watchkeeping personnel to the following principles, which shall be observed to ensure that safe watches are maintained at all times . The master of every ship is bound to ensure that watchkeeping arrangements are adequate for maintaining a safe navigational or cargo watch. Under the master’s general direction, the officer of the navigational watch are responsible for navigating the ship safety during their period of duty , when they will be particularly concerned with avoiding collision and stranding. The chief engineer officer of every ship is bound, in consultation with master, to ensure that watchkeeping arrangements are adequate to maintain a safe engineering watch. 6
  • 7. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed 12 13 Protection of marine environment The master, officers and ratings shall be aware of the serious effects of operational or accidental pollution of the marine environment and shall take all possible precautions to prevent such pollution , particularly within the frame work of relevant international and port regulations . The officer in charge of the navigational watch is the master’s representative ad is primarily responsible at all times for safe navigation of the ship and for complying with the International Regulations for Preventing Collision at Sea, 1972 as amended . Part 4 – Watchkeeping at sea Principles applying to watchkeeping generally 7
  • 8. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed 14 Lookout A proper lookout shall be maintained at all times in compliance with rule 5 of the International Regulation for Preventing Collision at Sea, 1972, as amended, and shall serve the purpose of : .1 .2 .3 maintaining a continuous state of vigilance by sight and hearing, as well as by all other available means, with regard to any significant change in the operating environment ; fully appraising the situation and the risk collision, stranding and other dangers to navigation, and detecting ships or aircraft in distress, shipwrecked persons, wrecks, debris and other hazards to safe navigation. Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 8
  • 9. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 15 16 The lookout must be able to give full attention to the keeping of a proper lookout and no other duties shall be undertaken or assigned wich could interfere with that task . The duties of the lookout and helmsperson are separate, and the helmsperson shall not be considered to be lookout while steering, except in small ships where an unobstructed all-round view is provided at the steering position and there is no impairment of night vision or other impediment to the keeping of a proper lookout. The officer in charge of the navigational watch may be the sole lookout in daylight provided that, on each such occasion : 9
  • 10. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch .1 .2 the situation has been carefully assessed and it has been established without doubt that it is safe to do so ; full account has been taken of all relevant factors, including, but not limited to : - - - - - state of weather ; visibility ; traffic density proximity of dangers to navigation ; and the attention necessary when ; navigating in or near traffic separation scheme ; and .3 assistance is immediately available to be summoned to the bridge when any change in the situation so requires . 10
  • 11. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 17 In determining that the composition of the navigational watch is adequate to ensure that a proper lookout can continuously be maintained, the master shall take into account all relevant factors, including those described in this section of the Code, as well as the following factors : .1 .2 .3 .4 visibility, state of weather and sea ; traffic density, and other activities accurring in the area in which the vessel is navigating ; the attention necessary when navigating in or near traffic separation schemes or other routeing measures ; the additional workload caused by the nature of the ship’s function, immediate operating requirements and anticipated manoeuvres ; 11
  • 12. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 the fitness for duty of any crew members on call who are assigned as members of the watch ; knowledge of, and confidence in, the professional competence of the ship’s officers and crew ; the experience of each officer of the navigational watch, and the familiarity of that officer with the ship’s equipment, procedures, and manoeuvring capability ; activities taking place on board the ship at any particular time, including radio communication activities, and the availability of assistance to be summoned immediately to the bridge when necessary ; the operational status of bridge instrument and controls, including alarm system ; 12
  • 13. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch .10 .11 .12 .13 rudder and propeller control and ship manoeuvring characteristics ; the size of the ship and the field of vision available from the conning position ; the configuration of the bridge, to the extend such configuration might inhibit a member of the watch from detecting by sight or hearing any external development ; and any other relevant standard, procedure or guidance relating to watchkeeping arrangements and fitness for duty which has been adopted by the Organization . 13
  • 14. 18 Watch Arrangements When deciding the composition of the watch on the bridge, which may include appropriately qualified ratings, the following factors, inter alia, shall be taken into account : .1 .2 .3 .4 at no time shall the bridge be left unattended ; weather condition, visibility and weather there is daylight or darkness; proximity of navigational hazards which may take it necessary for the officer in charge of the watch to carry out additional navigational duties ; use and operational condition of navigational aids such as ECDIS, radar or electronic position-indicating devices and any other equipment affecting the safe navigational of the ship ; BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 14
  • 15. Watch Arrangements .5 .6 .7 .8 whether the ship is fitted with automatic steering ; whether there are radio duties to be performed ; unmanned machinery space ( UMS ) controls, alarms and indicators provided on the bridge, procedures for their use and their limitations ; and any unusual demands on the navigational watch that may arise as a result of special operational circumstances . BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 15
  • 16. 19 20 21 Taking over the watch The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall not hand over the watch to the relieving officer if there is reason to believe that the letter is not capable of carrying out the watchkeeping duties effectively, in which case the master shall be notified The relieving officer shall ensure that the members of the relieving watch are fully capable of performing their duties, particularly as regards their adjustment to night vision. Relieving officers shall not take over the watch until their vision is fully adjusted to the light conditions . Prior to taking over the watch, relieving officers shall satisfy themselves as to the ship’s estimated or true position and confirm its intended track, course and speed, UMS controls as appropriate and shall note any dangers to navigation expected to be encountered during their watch . BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 16
  • 17. 22 Taking over the watch Relieving officers shall personally satisfy themselves regarding the : .1 .2 .3 .5 standing orders and other special instructions of the master relating to navigation of the ship ; position, course, speed and draught of the ship ; prevailling and predicted tides, currents, weather, visibility and the effect of these factors upon course and speed ; procedures for the use of main engines to manoeuvre when the main engines are on bridge control ; and navigational situation, including, but not limited to : BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 17
  • 18. 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 the operational condition of all navigational and safety equipment being used or likely to be used during the watch ; the errors of gyro-and magnetic compasses ; the presence and movement of ships in sight or known to be in the vicinity ; the conditions and hazards likely to be encountered during the watch ; and the possible effects of heel, trim, water density and squat on under-keel clearance . BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 18
  • 19. 23 24 If, at time, the officer in charge of the navigational watch is to be relieved when a manoeuvre or other action to avoid any hazard is taking place, the relief of that officer shall be deferred until such action has been completed. Performing the navigational watch The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall : .1 .2 .3 keep the watch on the bridge ; in no circumstances leave the bridge until properly relieved ; and continue to be responsible for the safe navigation of the ship, despite the presence of the master on bridge, until informed specifically that the master has assumed that responsibility and this is mutually understood . BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 19
  • 20. 25 26 27 Performing the navigational watch During the watch, the course steered, position and speed shall be checked at sufficiently frequent intervals, using any available navigational aids necessary, to ensure that the ship follows the planned course . The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall have full knowledge of the location and operation of all safety and navigational equipment on board the ship and shall be aware and take account of the operating limitations of such equipment . The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall not be assigned or undertake any duties which would interfere with the safe navigation of the ship . BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 20
  • 21. 28 29 Performing the navigational watch When using radar, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall bear in mind the necessity to comply at all times with the provisions on the use of radar contained in the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 as amended, in force . In cases of need, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall not hesitate to use the helm, engines and sound signalling apparatus . However timely notice of intended variations of engine speed shall be given, where possible, or effective use shall be made of UMS engine controls provided on the bridge in accordance with the applicable procedures . BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 21
  • 22. 30 31 32 Performing the navigational watch Officers of the navigational watch shall know the handling characteristic of their ship, including its stopping dintances, and should appreciate that others ships may have different handling characteristics . A proper record shall be kept during the watch of the movements and activities relating to the navigation of the ship . It is of special importance that all times the officer in charge of the navigational watch ensures that a proper lookout is maintained. In a ship with a separate chartroom, the officer in charge of the navigational duties, but shall first ensure that it is safe to do so and that proper lookout is maintained . BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 22
  • 23. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed 33 34 Performing the navigational watch Operational test of ship board navigational equipment shall be carried out at sea as frequently as practicable and as circumstances permit, in particulars before hazardous conditions affecting navigation are expected . Whenever appropriate, these tests shall be recorded. Such tests shall also be carried out prior to port arrival and departure . The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall make regular checks to ensure that : Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 23
  • 24. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed .1 .2 .3 .5 the person steering the ship or the the automatic pilot is steering the correct course ; the standard compass error is determined at least once a watch and, when possible, after any major alteration of course ; the standard and gyro-compasses are frequently compared and repeaters are synchronized with their master compass ; the automatic pilot is tested manually at least once a watch ; the navigation and signal lights and other navigational equipment are functioning properly ; the radio equipment is functioning properly in accordance with paragraph 86 of this section ; and the UMS controls, alarm and indicators are functioning properly . Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 24
  • 25. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed 35 Performing the navigational watch The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall bear in mind the necessity to comply at all times with the requirements in force of the International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974” The officer of the navigational watch shall take into account : .1 .2 the need to station a person to steer the ship and to put the steering into manual control in good time to allow any potentially hazardous situation to be dealt with in a safe manner ; and that, with the ship under automatic steering, it is highly dangerous to allow a situation a developed to the point where the officer in charge of the navigational watch is without assistance and has to break the continuity of the lookout in order to take emergency action . Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 25
  • 26. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 36 37 38 Performing the navigational watch Officer of the navigational watch shall be thoroughly familiar with the use of all electronic navigational aids carried, including their capabilities and limitations, and shall use each of these aids when appropriate and shall bear in mind that the echo-sounder is a valuable navigational aid . The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall use the radar whenever restricted visibility is encountered or expected, and at all times in congested waters, having due regard to its limitations . The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall ensure that the range scales employed are changed at sufficiently frequent intervals so that echoes are detected as early as possible. It shall be borne in mind that small or poor echoes may escape detection . 26
  • 27. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed 39 40 Performing the navigational watch Whenever radar is in use, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall select an appropriate range scale and observe the display carefully , and shall ensure that plotting or systematic analysis is commenced in ample time. The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall notify the master immediately : .1 .2 .3 .4 if restricted visibility is encountered or expected ; if the traffic conditions or the movements of other ships are causing concern ; if difficulty is experienced in maintaining course ; on failure to sight land, or a navigation mark or to obtain soundings by the expected time ; Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 27
  • 28. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 .10 if, unexpectedly, land or navigation mark is sighted or a change in sounding occurs ; on breakdown of the engines, propulsion machinery remote control, steering gear or any essential navigational equipment, alarm or indicator ; if the radio equipment malfunctions ; in heavy weather, if in any doubt the possibility of weather damage ; if the ship meets any hazards to navigation, such as ice or a derelict ; and in any other emergency or if in any doubt . Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 28
  • 29. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed 41 42 Performing the navigational watch Despite the requirements to notify the master immediately in the foregoing circumstances, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall, in addition, not hesitate to take immediate action for the safety of the ship, where circumstances so require . The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall give watchkeeping personnel all appropriate instruction and information wich will ensure the keeping of a safe watch, including a proper lookout . Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch 29
  • 30. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed 43 44 Clear weather The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall take frequent and accurate compass bearings of approaching ships as a means of early detection of risk of collision and shall bear in mind that such risk may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident particularly when approaching a very large ship or a tow or when approaching a ship at close range. The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall also take early and positive action in compliance with the applicable International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972, as amended, subsequently check that such action is having the desired effect . In clear weather, whenever possible the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall carry out radar practice . Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch Watchkeeping under different conditions and in different areas 30
  • 31. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch Watchkeeping under different conditions and in different areas 45 Restricted visibility When restricted visibility is encountered or expected, the first responsibility of the officer in charge of the navigational watch is to comply with the relevant rules of the International Regulation for Preventing Collision at Sea, 1972, as amended, with particular regard to the sounding of fog signals, proceeding at a safe speed and having the engines ready for immediate manoeuvre. In addition, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall : .1 .2 .3 .4 inform the master ; post a proper lookout ; exhibit navigation lights ; and operate and use the radar . 31
  • 32. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed 45 Restricted visibility When restricted visibility is encountered or expected, the first responsibility of the officer in charge of the navigational watch is to comply with the relevant rules of the International Regulation for Preventing Collision at Sea, 1972, as amended, with particular regard to the sounding of fog signals, proceeding at a safe speed and having the engines ready for immediate manoeuvre. In addition, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall : .1 .2 .3 .4 inform the master ; post a proper lookout ; exhibit navigation lights ; and operate and use the radar . 32
  • 33. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch Watchkeeping under different conditions and in different areas 46 47 In hours of darkness The master and the officer in charge of the navigational watch, when arranging lookout duty, shall have due regard to the bridge equipment and navigational aids available for use, their limitations, procedures and safeguards implemented . Coastal and congested waters The largest scale chart on board, suitable for the area and corrected with the latest available information, shall be used. Fixes shall be taken at frequent intervals, and shall be carried out by more than one method whenever circumstances allow. When using ECDIS, appropriate usage code (scale) electronic navigational charts shall be used and the ship’s position shall be checked by an independent means of position fixing at appropriate intervals . 33
  • 34. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed 48 49 The officer in charge of the navigational watch shall positively identify all relevant navigation marks . Navigation with pilot on board Despite the duties and obligations of pilots, their presence on board does not relieve the master or the the officer in charge of the navigational watch from their duties and obligations for the safety of the ship. The master and the pilot shall exchange information regarding navigation procedures, local conditions and the ship’s characteristics. The master and/ or the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall co-operate closely with the pilot and maintain an accurate check on the ship’s position and movement . Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch Watchkeeping under different conditions and in different areas 34
  • 35. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch Watchkeeping under different conditions and in different areas 50 51 If in any doubt as to the pilot’s action or intentions, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall seek clarification from the pilot and, if doubt still exists, shall notify the master immediately and take whatever action is necessary before the master arrives . Ship at anchor If the master considers it necessary, a continuous navigational watch shall be maintained at anchor. While at anchor, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall : .1 determine and plot the ship’s position on the appropriate chart as soon as practicable ; 35
  • 36. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch Watchkeeping under different conditions and in different areas .2 .3 .4 .5 when circumstances permit, check at sufficiently frequent intervals whether the ship is remaining securely at anchor by taking bearings of fixed navigation marks or readily identifiable shore objects ; ensure that proper lookout is maintained ; ensure that inspection rounds of the ship are made periodically ; observe meteorological and tidal condition and the state of the sea 36
  • 37. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed .6 .7 .8 .9 .10 notify the master and undertake all necessary measures if the ship drags anchor; ensure that the state of readiness of the main engines and other machinery is in accordance with the master’s instructions; if visibility deteriorates, notify the master; ensure that the ship exhibits the appropriate lights and shapes and that appropriate sound signals are made in accordance with all applicable regulations; and take measures to protect the environment from pollution by the ship and comply with applicable pollution regulations. Part 4.1 – Principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch Watchkeeping under different conditions and in different areas 37
  • 38. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 5 – Watchkeeping in port Principles applying to all watchkeeping 90 General On any ship safety moored or safety at anchor normal circumstances in port, the master shall arrange for an appropriate and effective watch to be maintained for the purpose of safety. Special requirements may be necessary for special types of ship’s propulsion systems or ancillary equipment and for ships carrying hazardous, dangerous, toxic or highly flammable materials or other special types of cargo. 38
  • 39. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 5 – Watchkeeping in port Principles applying to all watchkeeping 91 Watch arrangements Arrangements for keeping a deck watch when the ship is in port shall at all times be adequate to : .1 .2 .3 ensure the safety of life, of the ship, the port and the environment, and the safe operation of all machinery related to cargo operation; observe International, national and local rules; and Maintain order and the normal routine of the ship; 39
  • 40. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Presented By : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SECTION A-VIII/2 Watchkeeping arrangements and principles to be observed Part 5 – Watchkeeping in port Principles applying to all watchkeeping 92 93 94 Watch arrangements The master shall decided the composition and duration of the deck watch depending on the conditions of mooring type of the ship and character of duties . If the master consider it necessary, a qualified officer shall be in charge of the deck watch . The necessary equipment shall be so arranged as to provide for efficient watchkeeping . 40
  • 41. 41
  • 42. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 BALAI BESAR PENDIDIKAN PENYEGARAN DAN PENINGKATAN ILMU PELAYARAN JAKARTA Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar PRINSIP-PRINSIP DINAS JAGA SECARA UMUM ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 3 42
  • 43. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar PRINSIP-PRINSIP DINAS JAGA SECARA UMUM ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 3 Dinas jaga harus dilaksanakan berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip manajemen sumber daya anjungan dan kamar mesin, sebagai berikut : 1. 2. 3. Pengaturan anggota tim dinas jaga harus dapat menjamin sesuai dengan situasi yang ada ; Adanya keterbatasan kualifikasi dan kesehatan petugas jaga secara individu harus diperhatikan ketika menugaskan seseorang ( untuk dinas jaga ); Pemahaman dari tiap-tiap anggota petugas dinas jaga tentang peran masing-masing, tanggungjawab dan peran tim, harus dibuat; 43
  • 44. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Nakhoda, Kepala Kamar Mesin dan perwira jaga harus senantiasa menjaga terselenggaranya dinas jaga yang benar, menggunakan sumber daya yang ada secara tepat guna, seperti informasi, instalasi/ peralatan dan personil yang lain ; Petugas jaga harus tahu fungsi dan pengoperasian dari peralatan, dan familiar dalam menggunakannya; Petugas jaga harus memahami informasi dan bagaimana merespon informasi dari masing-masing stasiun/ instalasi/ peralatan; Informasi dari stasiun/ instalasi/ peralatan harus di bagikan secara benar oleh semua petugas jaga; Petugas jaga harus menjaga pertukaran komunikasi secara tepat dalam segala situasi; dan Petugas jaga harus memberitahu nakhoda/ kepala kamar mesin/ perwira jaga apabila merasa ragu-ragu dalam mengambil tindakan untuk kepentingan keselamatan. 44
  • 45. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar PENJELASAN  Seksi A-VIII/2 Bagian 3 pada prinsipnya adalah mensyaratkan pengaturan dan pelaksanaan tugas jaga secara menyeluruh untuk menjamin keselamatan kapal, orang-orang dan lingkungan laut. Pada pelaksanaannya, seharusnya telah dituangkan kedalam Sistem Manajemen Kapal ( ship management System – SMS ) dalam ISM Code, atau lebih dikenal dengan Ship Operation Procedures (SOP) atau prosedur pengoperasian kapal. 45
  • 46. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar PENJELASAN   Jumlah dan kualifikasi petugas jaga harus disesuaikan dengan kondisi pelayaran yang ada. Sebagai contoh : Bila kapal memasuki perairan ramai dan harus dikemudikan secara manual, maka Nakhoda tidak boleh ragu-ragu untuk menugaskan juru mudi yang paling handal. Bila perlu menugaskan Mualim I bila Mualim Jaga saat itu adalah Mualim yang belum berpengalaman dan menambah personil di anjungan. Kondisi kesehatan fisik dan mental personil harus menjadi pertimbangan yang utama dalam menugaskan seseorang untuk melaksanakan tugas jaga. 46
  • 47. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 Prinsip-prinsip dinas jaga secara umum 1. 2. 3. Negara pihak (Party) harus memberitahukan perusahaan pelayaran, nakhoda, kepala kamar mesin (KKM) dan semua petugas jaga bahwa mereka wajib mengikuti prinsip-prinsip yang harus di amati untuk senantiasa menjamin bahwa keselamatan navigasi senantiasa terjaga. Nakhoda setiap kapal memiliki kewajiban untuk melakukan pengaturan tugas jaga yang memadai untuk menjamin keselamatan navigasi. Kepala Kamar Mesin (KKM) setiap kapal, bila perlu konsultasi dengan Nakhoda, wajib membuat pengaturan tugas jaga di kamar mesin sehingga menjamin keselamatan jaga di kamar mesin. 47
  • 48. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar PENJELASAN Arti dari Negara Pihak ( Party ) dalam STCW adalah negara yang telah meratifikasi atau mengaksesi konvensi STCW, dalam hal ini adalah institusi pemerintah negara tersebut yang ditunjuk untuk melaksanakan STCW (Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Laut). 48
  • 49. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 PERLINDUNGAN LINGKUNGAN MARITIM Nakhoda, perwira dan anak buah kapal wajib memperhatikan akibat fatal dari pengoperasian atau musibah yang mengakibatkan pencemaran lingkungan maritim wajib mengambil langka-langkah pencegahan untuk menghindari terjadinya pencemaran tersebut, khususnya dalam rangka pemenuhan terhadap peraturan internasional dan pelabuhan suatu negara. PENJELASAN Bahwa pelaksanaan dinas jaga, tidak hanya memperhatikan keselamatan navigasi saja, tetapi keamanan pelayaran dan polusi lingkungan laut adalah juga menjadi tugas dan kewajiban petugas dinas jaga di kapal. 49
  • 50. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar PRINSIP-PRINSIP YANG HARUS DI AMATI PADA WAKTU JAGA LAUT Perwira jaga navigasi adalah wakil dari Nakhoda dan penanggungjawab utama untuk menjaga keselamatan navigasi kapal dan wajib menerapkan sesuai dengan Colregs 1972 sebagaimana yang telah di amandemen. DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 50
  • 51. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar PENGAMATAN KELILING Pengamatan keliling yang benar setiap waktu sesuai dengan Aturan 5 Colrge 1972, untuk tujuan sebagai berikut : 1. 2. 3. Melakukan kewaspadaan dengan pengamatan dan pendengaran maupun dengan semua peralatan yang ada secara terus menerus, dengan memperhatikan adanya perubahan nyata terhadap lingkungan yang terjadi. Secara sungguh-sungguh memperhatikan situasi adanya resiko tubrukan, kandas dan bahaya navigasi yang lainnya; dan Melakukan pendeteksian terhadap adanya musibah jatuhnya pesawat udara, orang-orang di atas kapal yang mengalami musibah, kerangka kapal, reruntuhan dan bahaya terhadap keselamatan navigasi yang lain. DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 51
  • 52. Pengamatan keliling yang dilakukan, harus mampu memberikan perhatian penuh terhadap keselamatan navigasi, dan tidak boleh melakukan tugas yang lain yang dapat mengganggu tugas pengamatan keliling tersebut. Tugas pengamatan keliling harus dipisahkan dengan tugas mengemudikan kapal dan juru mudi yang sedang memegang kemudi kapal tidak boleh ditugaskan sebagai petugas pengamatan keliling (panjarwala), kecuali pada kapal-kapal kecil dimana juru mudi mampu melihat sekeliling kapal tanpa terhalang oleh bangunan kapal. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 52
  • 53. Perwira jaga navigasi boleh bertugas sendirian di anjungan pada siang hari, apabila : 1. 2. 3. Situasi telah secara seksama dinilai aman untuk pengaturan seperti itu; Semua faktor-faktor yang terkait dengan keselamatan navigasi telah dilakukan penilaian secara saksama, termasuk : keadaan cuaca, jarak penglihatan, ramainya lalu lintas kapal-kapal, adanya bahaya navigasi disekitar kapal, dan perhatian harus diberikan bila bernavigasi didalam dan di dekat bagan pemisah lalu lintas (Traffic Separation Scheme); dan Bantuan harus dapat diberikan segera apabila terjadi perubahan situasi yang mendadak di anjungan, bila diperlukan. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 53
  • 54. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 Dalam menentukan komposisi petugas jaga yang memadai untuk menjamin pengamatan keliling dapat terus dilaksanakan, nakhoda wajib memperhatikan faktor-faktor yang relevan, termasuk : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Jarak penglihatan, cuaca dan ombak; Kepadatan lalu lintas kapal, dan aktivitas disekitar kapal; Perlunya perhatian ketika bernavigasi di TSS atau rute pelayaran tertentu (sungai, pantai, dll); Adanya beban kerja lebih dikarenakan sifat dan fungsi operasional kapal, kemungkinan perlunya olah gerak secara mendadak; Kondisi kesehatan petugas jaga berkaitan dengan kesiapan secara fisik dan mental sebelum melakukan tugas jaga; 54
  • 55. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Pengetahuan dan kepercayaan diri perwira jaga dan petugas jaga lainnya; Pengalaman setiap perwira jaga, dan pemahaman dari perwira jaga terhadap pengoperasian peralatan, prosedur-prosedur dan kemampuan oleh gerak kapal; Kegiatan di atas kapal pada waktu-waktu tertentu, termasuk kegiatan komunikasi radio dan ketersediaan bantuan secara mendadak di anjungan, bila diperlukan; Status operasional peralatan di anjungan, termasuk sistem alarm; Pengendalian kemudi dan baling-baling kapal dan karakteristik oleh gerak kapal; BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 55
  • 56. 11. 12. 13. Ukuran kapal dan pandangan dari posisi dimana tugas jaga dilaksanakan; Konfigurasi anjungan, yang mungkin mengakibatkan petugas jaga menjadi terganggu melaksanakan pengamatan secara visual dan pendengaran terhadap adanya perkembangan di luar kapal; Standard yang relevan lainnya, prosedur atau panduan terkait dengan pengaturan dinas jaga, dan kelayakan fisik dan mental untuk melaksanakan tugas jaga sebagaimana telah diatur oleh IMO. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 56
  • 57. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 PENGATURAN DINAS JAGA Dalam melakukan pengaturan tugas jaga di anjungan, hal-hal berikut harus diperlukan : 1. 2. 3. 4. Anjungan harus tidak boleh kosong (harus selalu ada petugas jaga); Kondisi cuaca, jarak tampak, dan apakah siang atau malam; Adanya bahaya navigasi disekeliling kapal mungkin membuat beban tugas perwira jaga menjadi bertambah berat; Penggunaan alat-alat navigasi seperti ECDIS, radar atau alat penentu posisi kapal dan alat navigasi elektronika lain yang dapat mempengaruhi keselamatan navigasi; 57
  • 58. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 5. 6. 7. Apakah kapal dilengkapi dengan sistem kemudi otomatis; Pengendalian kamar mesin yang tidak di awaki (unmanned machinery space – UMS), alarm dan indikator-indikator yang ada di anjungan, prosedur dan keterbatasan alat-alat tersebut; dan Hal-hal yang di luar kebiasaan dalam dinas jaga navigasi yang muncul sebagai akibat dari perubahan kondisi pengoperasian kapal yang terjadi secara mendadak. 58
  • 59. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 PERGANTIAN TUGAS JAGA Hal-hal yang perlu diperhatikan pada saat pergantian tugas jaga, adalah sebagai berikut: ✔ Perwira jaga navigasi tidak boleh menyerahkan tugas jaga kepada perwira pengganti apabila memiliki keyakinan bahwa perwira jaga pengganti tidak akan mampu melaksanakan tugas jaga secara efektif (misalnya sakit, diduga mabok, atau kompetensinya diragukan dengan kondisi perairan). Dalam hal ini harus memberitahukan Nakhoda. 59
  • 60. ✔ ✔ Perwira jaga pengganti harus yakin bahwa semua anggota jaga mampu melaksanakan tugas jaga dengan baik, khususnya penglihatan mereka pada malam hari. Perwira pengganti tidak boleh menerima tugas jaga sebelum penglihatannya beradaptasi dengan keadaan yang ada. Sebelum mengambil alih tugas jaga, perwira jaga pengganti harus mengetahui secara pasti posisi kapal (baik posisi duga atau posisi fix) dan rute pelayaran yang akan ditempuh, haluan dan kecepatan kapal, pengendalian kamar mesin yang tidak di awaki (UMS) serta adanya kemungkinan bahaya navigasi yang akan dihadapi. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 60
  • 61. ✔ Perwira jaga pengganti harus benar-benar memahami berkaitan dengan; 1. 2. 3. Perintah tetap (standing orders) dan perintah lain dari Nakhoda (night order) dengan navigasi kapal; Posisi, haluan, kecepatan dan sarat kapal; Keadaan dan prakiraan pasang surut, arus, cuaca, daya tampak penglihatan, dan pengaruh dari semua itu pada haluan dan kecepatan kapal; BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 61
  • 62. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 ✔ ✔ Prosedur menggunakan mesin untuk berolah gerak bila mesin induk dikendalikan dari anjungan; dan Keadaan navigasi, termasuk: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Kondisi operasional dari semua peralatan navigasi dan keselamatan yang digunakan dan yang mungkin akan digunakan selama dinas jaga; Kesalahan pedoman gasing dan pedoman magnet; Adanya kapal-kapal disekitar dan pergerakannya; Kondisi dan kemungkinan adanya bahaya selama dinas jaga; Kemungkinan adanya olengan kapal, trim, massa jenis air laut dan squat sehubungan dengan sarat kapal dan keselamatan laut. 62
  • 63. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 ✔ Apabila pergantian tugas jaga harus dilaksanakan pada saat Perwira jaga lama masih melakukan kegiatan oleh gerak kapal atau kegiatan lain guna menghindari bahaya, pergantian tugas jaga harus ditunda sampai kegiatan tersebut selesai dilaksanakan. 63
  • 64. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 PELAKSANAAN DINAS JAGA  Perwira jaga harus: 1. 2. 3. Senantiasa berada di anjungan; Tidak boleh meninggalkan anjungan sampai ada perwira jaga pengganti; dan Terus melaksanakan tugas jaga dan mengambil tanggung jawab penuh walaupun ada kehadiran Nakhoda di anjungan, sampai Nakhoda mengambil alih tanggung jawab.  Selama dinas jaga, haluan yang dikemudikan, posisi dan kecepatan harus selalu diperiksa dengan interval yang memadai, untuk menjamin bahwa kapal berlayar sesuai dengan rancangan pelayaran yang telah dibuat. 64
  • 65. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4    Setiap perwira jaga wajib memahami tempat dan prosedur pengoperasian semua alat keselamatan dan alat navigasi di kapal dan wajib memperhatikan keterbatasan dari peralatan tersebut. Tidak boleh menugaskan perwira jaga, yang dapat mengakibatkan keselamatan navigasi kapal. Bila menggunakan radar, perwira jaga wajib mematuhi ketentuan-ketentuan sebagaimana disyaratkan oleh COLREG 1972 yang telah di amandemen. 65
  • 66. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4   Bila diperlukan, perwira jaga tidak boleh ragu-ragu untuk menggunakan kemudi manual, mesin induk dan isyarat bunyi yang ada. Namun demikian, pemberitahuan harus disampaikan ke kamar mesin pada waktu yang tepat bila menggunakan pengendali dari anjungan dan dilakukan sesuai prosedur yang ada. Setiap perwira jaga wajib memahami karakteristik olah gerak kapalnya, termasuk jarak henti, dan harus mampu memberikan penilaian bahwa kapal lain memiliki karakteristik olah gerak yang berbeda dengan kapalnya. 66
  • 67. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4   Rekaman/ catatan pergerakan dan kegiatan berkaitan dengan navigasi harus selalu dicatat dengan baik. Setiap perwira jaga wajib menjamin bahwa pengamatan keliling telah dilaksanakan dengan benar. Di kapal yang ruang petanya terpisah, boleh meninggalkan ruang jaga di anjungan untuk memeriksa ruang peta, namun harus diyakinkan bahwa pengamatan keliling untuk keselamatan navigasi masih dapat dipertahankan. 67
  • 68. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar   Bila dapat dilakukan dan keadaan memungkinkan, pemeriksaan (test) terhadap alat-alat navigasi dapat dilaksanakan sesring mungkin, khususnya bila diperkirakan akan menghadapi keadaan bahaya. Test tersebut harus dicatat (recorded) dengan benar. Test tersebut harus dilakukan pada waktu kapal akan meninggalkan pelabuhan atau akan tiba di pelabuhan. Setiap perwira jaga wajib melakukan pemeriksaan secara teratur untuk menjamin : DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 68
  • 69. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4  Setiap perwira jaga wajib melakukan pemeriksaan secara teratur untuk menjamin : 1. 2. Juru mudi melaksanakan pengemudian kapal dengan benar atau kemudi otomatis bekerja dengan baik; Kesalahan pedoman selalu ditentukan paling tidak satu kali dalam setiap periode jaga dan setelah melakukan perubahan haluan; pedoman tolok dan pedoman gasing harus selalu diperbandingkan, dan semua repeater harus disinkronisasikan dengan master gyro; 69
  • 70. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4  Setiap perwira jaga wajib melakukan pemeriksaan secara teratur untuk menjamin : 3. 4. 5. 6. Kemudi otomatis (automatic pilot) telah di test secara manual sedikitnya sekali selama periode jaga; Penerangan dan isyarat navigasi dan peralatan navigasi lainnya berfungsi dengan baik; Semua peralatan radio bekerja dengan baik; dan Pengendali UMS, alarm-alarm dan indikator bekerja dengan baik. 70
  • 71. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar  Perwira jaga wajib memahami pentingnya pemenuhan terhadap ketentuan konvensi SOLAS 1974 (yang telah diamandemen), dan harus memperhatikan : 1. 2. Menempatkan sesorang untuk mengemudikan kapal secara manual apabila sewaktu-waktu diperlukan, agar mampu terhindar dari bahaya navigasi yang ada; dan Dengan pengemudian otomatis, adalah sangat berbahaya bila terjadi keadaan dimana perwira jaga harus melakukan pengamatan keliling tanpa ada seseorang yang membantu, terutama bila akan melakukan tindakan-tindakan darurat. DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 71
  • 72. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4   Perwira jaga navigasi harus faham menggunakan semua alat bantu navigasi elektronika yang ada di kapal, termasuk kemampuan dan keterbatasan alat bantu navigasi tersebut, dan menggunakan tiap-tiap alat navigasi tersebut secara benar dan harus diingat bahwa perum gema (echo sounder) adalah alat bantu navigasi yang sangat berguna. Perwira jaga navigasi harus menggunakan radar bila memasuki daerah tampak terbatas, dan setiap berlayar di perairan ramai, dengan memperhatikan keterbatasan-keterbatasannya. 72
  • 73. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar   Perwira jaga harus menjamin bahwa penetapan jarak radar diletakkan (di atur) pada jarak yang benar sehingga adanya target diluar kapal dapat diperoleh secara dini. Harus diingat bahwa gema yang lemah mungkin dapat lepas dari pengamatan pendeteksian. Apabila menggunakan radar, perwira jaga harus menggunakan jarak yang tepat dan mengamati tampilan layar radar secara seksama, dan melakukan plotting pada waktu yang memadai. DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 73
  • 74. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar  Perwira jaga harus memberitahu Nakhoda secepatnya :     Bila akan menghadapi atau dalam keadaan penglihatan tampak terbatas; Bila ramainya perairan atau gerakan kapal-kapal lain menjadi perhatian khusus; Bila terjadi kesulitan mempertahankan haluan yang telah ditetapkan; Pada pengamatan yang salah terhadap benda daratan, benda pembantu navigasi atau pendeteksian kedalaman laut yang telah diperkirakan; DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 74
  • 75. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4  Perwira jaga harus memberitahu Nakhoda secepatnya :    Bila tanda daratan atau benda pembantu navigasi terlhat tanpa terduga, atau kedalaman laut yang diperoleh tidak sesuai dengan yang diperkirakan. Pada waktu mesin induk rusak, putaran mesin menurun, kerusakan sistem kemudi atau alat navigasi penting lainnya, alarm atau indicator. Bila terjadi kerusakan perangkat radio komunikasi. 75
  • 76. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4  Perwira jaga harus memberitahu Nakhoda secepatnya :    Di dalam cuaca buruk, bila ada keraguan cuaca akan bertambah buruk; Bila terjadi adanya bahaya navigasi, seperti adanya es atau kapal yang mengapung-ngapung; dan Dalam keadaan darurat atau dalam keraguan. 76
  • 77. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4   Walaupun ada ketentuan memberitahu Nakhoda seperti yang disebutkan di atas, perwira jaga tidak boleh ragu-ragu mengambil tindakan segera untuk keselamatan navigasi, bila keadaan harus demikian. Perwira jaga harus menugaskan kepada anggota regu jaganya dan memberitahukan informasi tentang navigasi agar pengamatan keliling dapat terlaksana dengan benar. 77
  • 78. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar 78 DINAS JAGA DALAM KEADAAN DAN WILAYAH YANG BERBEDA Cuaca cerah/ baik ( clear weather )   Perwira jaga harus sedini mungkin melakukan baringan terhadap adanya kapal-kapal yang mendekat untuk menentukan ada atau tidaknya resiko tubrukan dan harus diingat bahwa walaupun terdapat perubahan baringan yang berarti harus tetap waspada, terutama bila mendekati kapal-kapal besar atau tundaan, atau bila pendekatan yang terlalu dekat. Perwira jaga harus melakukan tindakan sesuai dengan yang diatur dalam COLREG 1972 (sebagaimana yang telah diamandemen) sedini mungkin dan selalu memeriksa bahwa tindakan yang dilakukan menjamin keselamatan navigasi. Dalam cuaca cerah, perwira jaga boleh menggunakan radar. DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
  • 79. BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar 79 DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 Daya tampak terbatas ( Restricted Visibility)  Bila memasuki atau diperkirakan akan memasuki daerah tampak terbatas, tanggung jawab pertama perwira jaga adalah menerapkan COLREG 1972 secara penuh, khususnya membunyikan isyarat bunyi, melaju dengan kecepatan aman dan menyiapkan mesin induk untuk berolah gerak dengan segera. Sebagai tambahan, perwira jaga harus:     Memberitahu Nakhoda; Melakukan pengamatan keliling yang seksama; Menyalakan penerangan navigasi; dan Mengoperasikan dan menggunakan radar.
  • 80. 80 BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 Navigasi di kegelapan (in hours of darkness )  Nakhoda dan perwira jaga navigasi, dalam mengatur tugas jaga pengamatan keliling harus memperhatikan bahwa peralatan di anjungan dan alat bantu navigasi semua dapat digunakan, keterbatasan peralatan, prosedur dan langkah-langkah penanganan harus diterapkan.
  • 81. 81 BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 Navigasi pantai dan perairan yang ramai ( coastal & congested water)   Peta dengan skala besar di kapal, yang memadai untuk wilayah perairan yang dilayari, sudah dikoreksi dan informasi yang mutakhir, harus digunakan. Posisi kapal harus ditentukan sesering mungkin, bila dapat dilaksanakan harus menggunakan ECDIS, pemilihan skala peta yang digunakan harus tepat dan posisi kapal harus ditentukan sesering mungkin dengan menggunakan peralatan yang berbeda. Perwira jaga navigasi wajib memiliki kemampuan yang baik dalam mengidentifikasi semua tanda-tanda navigasi (tanjung, pulau, pelampung dan suar).
  • 82. 82 BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 Bernavigasi dengan pandu di atas kapal (Navigation with pilot on board)  Walaupun telah ada pandu di atas kapal, namun tanggung jawab tentang keselamatan navigasi kapal masih berada di pundak Nakhoda dan perwira jaga. Nakhoda dan pandu harus bertukar informasi tentang prosedur navigasi, kondisi sekitar dan karakteristik olah gerak kapal. Nakhoda dan perwira jaga harus bekerjasama dengan pandu dan memelihara pemeriksaan yang akurat posisi dan gerakan kapal.
  • 83. 83 BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar Bernavigasi dengan pandu di atas kapal (Navigation with pilot on board)  Apabila terdapat keraguan tentang apa yang dilakukan atau akan dilakukan oleh pandu, perwira jaga navigasi harus meminta klarifikasi kepada pandu, dan apabila keraguan masih ada, harus segera memberitahu Nakhoda dan mengambil tindakan seperlunya sebelum Nakhoda tiba di anjungan. DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4
  • 84. 84 BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 Kapal berlabuh jangkar (ship at anchor)  Bila Nakhoda menganggap perlu, jaga navigasi harus tetap dilaksanakan selama kapal berlabuh jangkar, perwira navigasi harus :       Menentukan dan memasukkan posisi di peta segera setelah kapal lego jangkar; Bila keadaan mengizinkan, periksa posisi kapal secara teratur dengan menggunakan benda daratan yang dikenal; Menjamin pengamatan keliling selalu dilaksanakan; Menjamin pemeriksaan keliling kapal secara periodic; Pengamatan meteorology dan pasang surut dan kondisi laut;
  • 85. 85 BP3IP JAKARTA N23     Memberitahukan kepada Nakhoda dan mengambil tindakan yang perlu bila kapal larat (posisi jangkar bergeser); Meyakinkan bahwa mesin induk dan permesinan kapal lainnya siap digunakan sesuai dengan perintah Nakhoda; Bila daya tampak penglihatan memburuk, beritahu Nakhoda; Mengambil langkah-langkah untuk menghindari terjadinya pencemaran laut dari kapal sesuai dengan ketentuan- ketentuan internasional yang berlaku. DINAS JAGA LAUT ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 4 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar
  • 86. 86 BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA DI PELABUHAN ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 5 PRINSIP-PRINSIP MENERAPKAN DINAS JAGA Umum  Baik pada waktu kapal sandar di dermaga maupun berlabuh jangkar, walaupun dalam keadaan normal Nakhoda wajib mengatur tugas jaga yang benar dan efektif untuk menjamin keselamatan kapal. Ketentuan khusus mungkin perlu dibuat bagi kapal-kapal dengan sistem permesinan kapal tertentu, dan bila kapal membawa muatan berbahaya, beracun atau muatan yang mudah terbakar atau muatan-muatan khusus lainnya.
  • 87. 87 BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar DINAS JAGA DI PELABUHAN ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 5 Pengaturan Dinas Jaga  Pengaturan tugas jaga selama kapal berada di pelabuhan harus senantiasa :    Menjamin keselamatan manusia dan kapal, pelabuhan dan lingkungan, dan permesianan yang ada hubungannya dengan operasi muatan; Pelajari peraturan-peraturan internasional, nasional dan peraturan setempat; dan Memelihara kegiatan rutin yang biasa dilakukan di kapal.
  • 88. 88 BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar Pengaturan Dinas Jaga    Nakhoda harus menentukan komposisi dan periode waktu jaga deck sesuai dengan kondisi yang ada, jenis kapal dan sifat dari dinas jaga; Bila Nakhoda menganggap perlu, menugaskan perwira yang handal untuk melakukan tugas jaga deck; Peralatan yang diperlukan harus diatur sedemikian rupa sehingga tugas jaga dapat dilaksanakan lebih efisien. DINAS JAGA DI PELABUHAN ( SEKSI A-VIII/2) BAGIAN 5
  • 89. 89 BP3IP JAKARTA N23 Disajikan Oleh : YM PRM DT. Dr. Capt. H. Akbar Yahya Yogerasi, SE, M.Mar SEKIAN DAN TERIMA KASIH