Chapter 8
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•20 views
This document discusses foreign direct investment (FDI). It provides information on: 1) Trends in FDI have seen increases in both flows and stocks over the past 25 years, growing more rapidly than world trade and output as FDI is a way to circumvent trade barriers. 2) Why companies undertake FDI, including limitations of exporting and licensing, maintaining control over operations and strategy, and when a firm's capabilities are not suited to licensing. 3) Home country policies can encourage both outward and inward FDI through incentives like tax breaks or loans, or restrict it using measures like ownership limits or performance requirements.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Chapter 4 part 2(Foreign Direct Investment)
This document summarizes key concepts about foreign direct investment (FDI) from Chapter 6 of an international business textbook. It defines FDI as investing directly in facilities in another country. Companies undertake FDI for reasons such as avoiding potential trade barriers, controlling operations abroad, and overcoming impediments to licensing. The forms of FDI include greenfield investments and acquisitions. Transportation costs, market imperfections, strategic behavior, and location-specific advantages can influence whether companies choose FDI over exporting.
Exporting and Countertrade
This document discusses exporting and countertrade as foreign market entry strategies. It begins with an overview of different types of international business activities including exchanges of products, equity/ownership-based activities, and contractual relationships. Exporting is described as manufacturing in one country and conducting marketing, distribution, and customer service in foreign export markets. Key advantages are low cost and flexibility, while disadvantages include sensitivity to trade barriers and exchange rates. Major exporting countries and their key industries are identified.
Why is merchandise trade important to Countries - September 2017
This document provides an agenda for discussing merchandise trade and its importance to countries. It begins with an introduction on why businesses and governments rely on trade and foreign investment. It then defines merchandise trade and discusses export-dependent countries. Next, it explains what foreign investment protection agreements (FIPAs) are and their importance for trade deals involving Canada. The document proceeds to discuss Canada's exports, trade imbalances, and issues impacting its merchandise trade competitiveness. Additional sources on related trade topics are provided.
Exporting, Importing, and Countertrade: Studycase of 3M and Pakistan Export P...
Exporting, Importing, and Countertrade: Studycase of 3M and Pakistan Export Processing Zone
Gizti Diah Huzaifah & Silvio Adriano S.S
International Business subject
Faculty of Economics and Business
Universitas Gadjah Mada
2014
Reforms Needed to Canada's Business Immigration System
In order to help Canada's high-growth firms scale, changes to immigration policy are necessary to enable the effective attraction of top management talent.
Going Global
The document summarizes the key topics covered in a seminar on managing global business operations. The seminar discusses assessing a firm's capabilities for going global, considering geopolitical, economic, and socio-cultural factors in foreign markets, finding local partners, and facilitating international operations. Attendees are provided additional resources on international business topics. The presenter has an MBA in strategic management and experience researching international trade and economic systems.
TIA company presentation
Trading in Africa provides business development services to help companies establish and grow trade between Africa and other regions. It has over 18 years of experience in international business, sales, and partnerships in Africa. Trading in Africa uses local partners across Africa and other regions to provide market research, identify investment opportunities, source products, assist with market entry, and follow-up support. Its goal is to help clients adapt to African markets and form strategic partnerships for sustainable growth on the continent.
Daniels13 im
This document provides an outline for a chapter on export and import strategies. The chapter introduces concepts of exporting and importing, identifies elements of export and import strategies, and discusses third-party intermediaries involved in international trade. It covers the stages of export development, advantages and pitfalls of exporting, designing an export strategy, import strategy considerations, and types of countertrade agreements. The chapter aims to examine export and import strategies and roles of intermediaries in facilitating international business transactions.
Recommended
Chapter 4 part 2(Foreign Direct Investment)
This document summarizes key concepts about foreign direct investment (FDI) from Chapter 6 of an international business textbook. It defines FDI as investing directly in facilities in another country. Companies undertake FDI for reasons such as avoiding potential trade barriers, controlling operations abroad, and overcoming impediments to licensing. The forms of FDI include greenfield investments and acquisitions. Transportation costs, market imperfections, strategic behavior, and location-specific advantages can influence whether companies choose FDI over exporting.
Exporting and Countertrade
This document discusses exporting and countertrade as foreign market entry strategies. It begins with an overview of different types of international business activities including exchanges of products, equity/ownership-based activities, and contractual relationships. Exporting is described as manufacturing in one country and conducting marketing, distribution, and customer service in foreign export markets. Key advantages are low cost and flexibility, while disadvantages include sensitivity to trade barriers and exchange rates. Major exporting countries and their key industries are identified.
Why is merchandise trade important to Countries - September 2017
This document provides an agenda for discussing merchandise trade and its importance to countries. It begins with an introduction on why businesses and governments rely on trade and foreign investment. It then defines merchandise trade and discusses export-dependent countries. Next, it explains what foreign investment protection agreements (FIPAs) are and their importance for trade deals involving Canada. The document proceeds to discuss Canada's exports, trade imbalances, and issues impacting its merchandise trade competitiveness. Additional sources on related trade topics are provided.
Exporting, Importing, and Countertrade: Studycase of 3M and Pakistan Export P...
Exporting, Importing, and Countertrade: Studycase of 3M and Pakistan Export Processing Zone
Gizti Diah Huzaifah & Silvio Adriano S.S
International Business subject
Faculty of Economics and Business
Universitas Gadjah Mada
2014
Reforms Needed to Canada's Business Immigration System
In order to help Canada's high-growth firms scale, changes to immigration policy are necessary to enable the effective attraction of top management talent.
Going Global
The document summarizes the key topics covered in a seminar on managing global business operations. The seminar discusses assessing a firm's capabilities for going global, considering geopolitical, economic, and socio-cultural factors in foreign markets, finding local partners, and facilitating international operations. Attendees are provided additional resources on international business topics. The presenter has an MBA in strategic management and experience researching international trade and economic systems.
TIA company presentation
Trading in Africa provides business development services to help companies establish and grow trade between Africa and other regions. It has over 18 years of experience in international business, sales, and partnerships in Africa. Trading in Africa uses local partners across Africa and other regions to provide market research, identify investment opportunities, source products, assist with market entry, and follow-up support. Its goal is to help clients adapt to African markets and form strategic partnerships for sustainable growth on the continent.
Daniels13 im
This document provides an outline for a chapter on export and import strategies. The chapter introduces concepts of exporting and importing, identifies elements of export and import strategies, and discusses third-party intermediaries involved in international trade. It covers the stages of export development, advantages and pitfalls of exporting, designing an export strategy, import strategy considerations, and types of countertrade agreements. The chapter aims to examine export and import strategies and roles of intermediaries in facilitating international business transactions.
Fdi lec 5
This document provides an overview of Chapter 7 from the textbook "International Business 7e" by Charles W.L. Hill. The chapter discusses foreign direct investment (FDI), including definitions of key terms like FDI flows and stocks. It also summarizes trends in FDI globally and by region over time. The chapter then examines theories for why firms undertake FDI rather than exporting, and looks at the pattern and sources of FDI flows between countries. It concludes by discussing political views on FDI and weighing the benefits and costs of inward FDI for host countries.
What is FIPA and How does it protect investors
The document provides an overview of the Foreign Investment Protection Act (FIPA) in Canada. It discusses how FIPA aims to protect foreign investors and encourage foreign direct investment. Foreign direct investment is important for Canada's economy as it provides capital for growth and jobs. However, some criticize FIPA for making Canada vulnerable to lawsuits from investors under trade deals. The presentation gives context on globalization and Canada's rates of foreign direct investment inflows and outflows.
CHAPTER 10 Export Modes
With export entry modes a firm’s products are manufactured in the domestic market or a third country and then transferred either directly or indirectly to the host market. Export is the most common mode for initial entry into international markets. Sometimes an unsolicited order is received from a buyer in a foreign country, or a domestic customer expands internationally and places an order for its international operations. This prompts the firm to consider international markets and to investigate their growth potential.
Exporting is thus typically used in initial entry and gradually evolves towards foreign-based operations. In some cases where there are substantial scale economies or a limited number of buyers in the market worldwide (e.g. for aerospace), production may be concentrated in a single or a limited number of locations, and the goods then exported to other markets.
Exporting can be organized in a variety of ways, depending on the number and type of intermediaries. As in the case of wholesaling, export and import agents vary considerably in the range of functions performed. Some, such as export management companies, are the equivalent of full-service wholesalers and perform all functions relating to export. Others are highly specialized and handle only freight forwarding, billing or clearing goods through customs.
In establishing export channels a firm has to decide which functions will be the responsibility of external agents and which will be handled by the firm itself.While export channels may take many different forms, for the purposes of simplicity three major types may be identified: indirect, direct and cooperative export marketing groups.
Global Marketing
Svend Hollensen
Fifth Edition
A decision-oriented approach
International business in india
The document summarizes various modes of conducting international business in India. It notes that international business opportunities in India are growing over 7% annually due to factors like high-skilled labor and a growing middle class. Key modes discussed include exporting, joint ventures, outsourcing, franchising, turnkey projects, foreign direct investment, mergers and acquisitions, licensing, and contract manufacturing. Specific industries highlighted as opportunities include IT, electronics, pharmaceuticals, banking and more.
MGT 448 Final Exam Guide
This document provides a 20 question practice exam for an MGT 448 management class. The questions cover topics related to globalization, international business, and organizational structure. Example questions assess understanding of concepts like the 4 P's of marketing, theories of international trade, foreign market entry strategies, and the impact of exchange rates. The practice exam allows students to test their knowledge on global business fundamentals.
International Trade in a Legal Context
This document discusses international trade from a legal context, outlining key issues and considerations. It notes that when goods, services, technology, contracts, money, or people move between markets or legal jurisdictions, the laws of both places apply along with international law. The document then provides an overview of the scale of international business today, common strategies and structures for global expansion like outsourcing, foreign subsidiaries, and partnerships. It also examines the various laws that govern international trade between nations and private relationships. The presentation emphasizes conducting thorough risk analysis and having a global mindset when developing an international business strategy.
FDI
The document discusses Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). It defines FDI as investment by foreign companies in domestic manufacturing, services, or other businesses for the long term. It outlines the different terms related to foreign investment and provides a schematic representation of FDI. It also discusses the governance and routes of FDI in India, including automatic and government routes. It lists sectors that are prohibited, restricted, or allowed for FDI and provides reasons why economies and multi-national corporations seek FDI. Finally, it outlines different modes of FDI including exporting, foreign production, licensing, and wholly owned subsidiaries.
Gbm unit-03 (global technological enviornment)
The document discusses the importance of knowledge about international business and globalization for management graduates. It may be necessary for graduates to accept assignments in foreign environments. The document then outlines the topics to be covered in a Global Business Management course, including globalization, trade, technological and economic environments, and foreign direct investments. It provides examples of how companies like Videocon, Tata, and Reliance are investing in research and development to develop new technologies and remain competitive in global markets.
Kari Heirinens: Starptautiskās izaugsmes īstenošana. Finpro pieredze
Finpro is Finland's official trade and investment promotion organization. It has over 65 offices in 48 countries and helps Finnish companies identify business opportunities and accelerate their international growth. Some key challenges for Finland's economic growth include heavy reliance on exports to slow-growing European markets and low levels of foreign direct investment. Finpro assists Finnish SMEs in particular to internationalize earlier and access new global markets. It also works to attract high-value foreign investment to Finland to stimulate the economy and bring global business networks and expertise. Finpro's global network provides local services and connections to support Finnish companies' market entry and establishment abroad.
Fdi (foriegn direct investment) canada
This document discusses foreign direct investment (FDI) in Canada. It provides data showing that while Canada dropped one spot to third place in FDI rankings in 2019, its FDI inflows increased nearly 60% from the previous year, reversing a downward trend. However, the document notes this does not tell the full story, arguing that Canada lacks port capacity and faces unfair regulations and taxes in the oil sector that have reduced investment. It also claims Canada has become less competitive in recent years and the federal government has done little to address issues like rail blockades. The document advocates for Canada to focus on improving infrastructure like ports and rails to attract more sustainable FDI.
Difference between domestic_and_international_business
Conducting and managing international business operations is more complex than undertaking domestic business.
International business
The document discusses the benefits and types of international business. It notes that international business allows for the flow of ideas, services, capital, and provides new choices and opportunities for mergers and acquisitions. It also discusses the risks companies face engaging in international business, such as political and economic instability in developing countries. Governments can encourage international business by allowing foreign direct investment and bringing expertise to particular sectors.
Trade missions and firm internationalization
This presentation points out why trade mission effectiveness research failed to establish robust outcomes. Trade mission research considers it as a static standardized event and does not look into the dynamics of trade missions. Furthermore it ignores firm characteristics and the preparation and follow up stage. Trade mission research needs to be revamped and innovated by using a diverse set of theoretical lenses as well as using process theories to capture the dynamics of trade missions. Furthermore, research needs to go beyond the tangible outcome focus and pay attention to the internationalization learning experience of participating firms.
Case russian venture_industry_-_4_komanda
The document summarizes the Russian venture capital market, including major players, market size, and development institutes. It analyzes the performance of key state development institutes such as RUSNANO, RDIF, RVC, Skolkovo, and FIID based on investments made, portfolio companies supported, and financial performance. It finds that while some have effectively supported industry, many have struggled financially. It also provides an overview of the fund's target industries and sample portfolio companies in growing technology sectors like fintech, IoT, and SaaS.
International market entry and expansions
This document discusses various topics related to international market entry and expansion, including different entry strategies, market selection factors, and organizational structures. It provides an overview of common entry strategies such as exports, joint ventures, franchising, licensing, foreign direct investment, strategic alliances, mergers and acquisitions. For each strategy, it briefly outlines what they are and when companies may consider using them. The document also discusses considerations for international organizational structures and marketing strategies to support overseas expansion.
Intro to international business
International business involves commercial transactions between two or more countries that differ from domestic business. It allows for the flow of goods, services, capital, labor, and technology across borders. Managing international business requires understanding how political, legal, economic, geographic, social, and competitive factors in foreign environments can influence business operations and strategies. Firms pursue international business to expand sales, acquire resources, diversify risk, and minimize competitive threats.
International Entry Modes & Barriers
This document discusses international market entry modes and barriers. It begins by outlining the criteria for selecting countries and conducting international market analysis. Several entry modes are then examined, including exporting, licensing, direct investment, and strategic alliances. Barriers to entry such as political risk are also addressed. The document uses the example of McDonald's global expansion to illustrate how companies must adapt to different cultures abroad. It emphasizes the importance of thorough research when evaluating foreign markets.
1 international business
The document discusses why studying international business is important. It provides several reasons:
1. Most large organizations have international operations or are affected by the global economy, so understanding international business is important for career opportunities and interacting with other managers.
2. Studying international business prepares small companies that may get involved in international business through importing/exporting or competing globally.
3. Understanding other cultures and political systems is important to appreciate differences and find common ground.
4. No single country has a monopoly on good ideas, so studying international business techniques keeps companies aware of global innovations.
The document then discusses various modes for companies to enter international business such as licensing, franchising, exporting, turnkey
En6leq - Entrepreneurship awareness program by BCCI
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) make up 76% of total businesses in Bahrain and contribute significantly to GDP and employment. The Bahrain Chamber of Commerce and Industry provides various services to support SMEs, including advocacy, commercial opportunities, and legal consultancy. Additionally, Tamkeen was established in 2013 to specifically serve entrepreneurs and SMEs through counseling, training, facilitating partnerships and funding connections. The organization helps SMEs in areas such as business planning, marketing, quality standards, and accessing loans or grants.
403 ib International Business Environment qb
This document contains a review questions bank for an MBA course on International Business Environment. It includes 52 questions across various topics related to international business environment. Some of the key topics covered in the questions include defining international business and analyzing international business environment, understanding the role of organizations like World Bank, Asian Development Bank, GATT, WTO, UNCTAD, issues related to multinational corporations like their types, critics and defenders, technology transfer barriers and issues, external macro environment forces, reasons for going global, political and legal environments faced by global businesses, foreign investment types and flows. The questions require analysis and discussion of various concepts, frameworks, objectives, functions, arguments related to international business environment.
More Related Content
What's hot
Fdi lec 5
This document provides an overview of Chapter 7 from the textbook "International Business 7e" by Charles W.L. Hill. The chapter discusses foreign direct investment (FDI), including definitions of key terms like FDI flows and stocks. It also summarizes trends in FDI globally and by region over time. The chapter then examines theories for why firms undertake FDI rather than exporting, and looks at the pattern and sources of FDI flows between countries. It concludes by discussing political views on FDI and weighing the benefits and costs of inward FDI for host countries.
What is FIPA and How does it protect investors
The document provides an overview of the Foreign Investment Protection Act (FIPA) in Canada. It discusses how FIPA aims to protect foreign investors and encourage foreign direct investment. Foreign direct investment is important for Canada's economy as it provides capital for growth and jobs. However, some criticize FIPA for making Canada vulnerable to lawsuits from investors under trade deals. The presentation gives context on globalization and Canada's rates of foreign direct investment inflows and outflows.
CHAPTER 10 Export Modes
With export entry modes a firm’s products are manufactured in the domestic market or a third country and then transferred either directly or indirectly to the host market. Export is the most common mode for initial entry into international markets. Sometimes an unsolicited order is received from a buyer in a foreign country, or a domestic customer expands internationally and places an order for its international operations. This prompts the firm to consider international markets and to investigate their growth potential.
Exporting is thus typically used in initial entry and gradually evolves towards foreign-based operations. In some cases where there are substantial scale economies or a limited number of buyers in the market worldwide (e.g. for aerospace), production may be concentrated in a single or a limited number of locations, and the goods then exported to other markets.
Exporting can be organized in a variety of ways, depending on the number and type of intermediaries. As in the case of wholesaling, export and import agents vary considerably in the range of functions performed. Some, such as export management companies, are the equivalent of full-service wholesalers and perform all functions relating to export. Others are highly specialized and handle only freight forwarding, billing or clearing goods through customs.
In establishing export channels a firm has to decide which functions will be the responsibility of external agents and which will be handled by the firm itself.While export channels may take many different forms, for the purposes of simplicity three major types may be identified: indirect, direct and cooperative export marketing groups.
Global Marketing
Svend Hollensen
Fifth Edition
A decision-oriented approach
International business in india
The document summarizes various modes of conducting international business in India. It notes that international business opportunities in India are growing over 7% annually due to factors like high-skilled labor and a growing middle class. Key modes discussed include exporting, joint ventures, outsourcing, franchising, turnkey projects, foreign direct investment, mergers and acquisitions, licensing, and contract manufacturing. Specific industries highlighted as opportunities include IT, electronics, pharmaceuticals, banking and more.
MGT 448 Final Exam Guide
This document provides a 20 question practice exam for an MGT 448 management class. The questions cover topics related to globalization, international business, and organizational structure. Example questions assess understanding of concepts like the 4 P's of marketing, theories of international trade, foreign market entry strategies, and the impact of exchange rates. The practice exam allows students to test their knowledge on global business fundamentals.
International Trade in a Legal Context
This document discusses international trade from a legal context, outlining key issues and considerations. It notes that when goods, services, technology, contracts, money, or people move between markets or legal jurisdictions, the laws of both places apply along with international law. The document then provides an overview of the scale of international business today, common strategies and structures for global expansion like outsourcing, foreign subsidiaries, and partnerships. It also examines the various laws that govern international trade between nations and private relationships. The presentation emphasizes conducting thorough risk analysis and having a global mindset when developing an international business strategy.
FDI
The document discusses Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). It defines FDI as investment by foreign companies in domestic manufacturing, services, or other businesses for the long term. It outlines the different terms related to foreign investment and provides a schematic representation of FDI. It also discusses the governance and routes of FDI in India, including automatic and government routes. It lists sectors that are prohibited, restricted, or allowed for FDI and provides reasons why economies and multi-national corporations seek FDI. Finally, it outlines different modes of FDI including exporting, foreign production, licensing, and wholly owned subsidiaries.
Gbm unit-03 (global technological enviornment)
The document discusses the importance of knowledge about international business and globalization for management graduates. It may be necessary for graduates to accept assignments in foreign environments. The document then outlines the topics to be covered in a Global Business Management course, including globalization, trade, technological and economic environments, and foreign direct investments. It provides examples of how companies like Videocon, Tata, and Reliance are investing in research and development to develop new technologies and remain competitive in global markets.
Kari Heirinens: Starptautiskās izaugsmes īstenošana. Finpro pieredze
Finpro is Finland's official trade and investment promotion organization. It has over 65 offices in 48 countries and helps Finnish companies identify business opportunities and accelerate their international growth. Some key challenges for Finland's economic growth include heavy reliance on exports to slow-growing European markets and low levels of foreign direct investment. Finpro assists Finnish SMEs in particular to internationalize earlier and access new global markets. It also works to attract high-value foreign investment to Finland to stimulate the economy and bring global business networks and expertise. Finpro's global network provides local services and connections to support Finnish companies' market entry and establishment abroad.
Fdi (foriegn direct investment) canada
This document discusses foreign direct investment (FDI) in Canada. It provides data showing that while Canada dropped one spot to third place in FDI rankings in 2019, its FDI inflows increased nearly 60% from the previous year, reversing a downward trend. However, the document notes this does not tell the full story, arguing that Canada lacks port capacity and faces unfair regulations and taxes in the oil sector that have reduced investment. It also claims Canada has become less competitive in recent years and the federal government has done little to address issues like rail blockades. The document advocates for Canada to focus on improving infrastructure like ports and rails to attract more sustainable FDI.
Difference between domestic_and_international_business
Conducting and managing international business operations is more complex than undertaking domestic business.
International business
The document discusses the benefits and types of international business. It notes that international business allows for the flow of ideas, services, capital, and provides new choices and opportunities for mergers and acquisitions. It also discusses the risks companies face engaging in international business, such as political and economic instability in developing countries. Governments can encourage international business by allowing foreign direct investment and bringing expertise to particular sectors.
Trade missions and firm internationalization
This presentation points out why trade mission effectiveness research failed to establish robust outcomes. Trade mission research considers it as a static standardized event and does not look into the dynamics of trade missions. Furthermore it ignores firm characteristics and the preparation and follow up stage. Trade mission research needs to be revamped and innovated by using a diverse set of theoretical lenses as well as using process theories to capture the dynamics of trade missions. Furthermore, research needs to go beyond the tangible outcome focus and pay attention to the internationalization learning experience of participating firms.
Case russian venture_industry_-_4_komanda
The document summarizes the Russian venture capital market, including major players, market size, and development institutes. It analyzes the performance of key state development institutes such as RUSNANO, RDIF, RVC, Skolkovo, and FIID based on investments made, portfolio companies supported, and financial performance. It finds that while some have effectively supported industry, many have struggled financially. It also provides an overview of the fund's target industries and sample portfolio companies in growing technology sectors like fintech, IoT, and SaaS.
International market entry and expansions
This document discusses various topics related to international market entry and expansion, including different entry strategies, market selection factors, and organizational structures. It provides an overview of common entry strategies such as exports, joint ventures, franchising, licensing, foreign direct investment, strategic alliances, mergers and acquisitions. For each strategy, it briefly outlines what they are and when companies may consider using them. The document also discusses considerations for international organizational structures and marketing strategies to support overseas expansion.
Intro to international business
International business involves commercial transactions between two or more countries that differ from domestic business. It allows for the flow of goods, services, capital, labor, and technology across borders. Managing international business requires understanding how political, legal, economic, geographic, social, and competitive factors in foreign environments can influence business operations and strategies. Firms pursue international business to expand sales, acquire resources, diversify risk, and minimize competitive threats.
International Entry Modes & Barriers
This document discusses international market entry modes and barriers. It begins by outlining the criteria for selecting countries and conducting international market analysis. Several entry modes are then examined, including exporting, licensing, direct investment, and strategic alliances. Barriers to entry such as political risk are also addressed. The document uses the example of McDonald's global expansion to illustrate how companies must adapt to different cultures abroad. It emphasizes the importance of thorough research when evaluating foreign markets.
1 international business
The document discusses why studying international business is important. It provides several reasons:
1. Most large organizations have international operations or are affected by the global economy, so understanding international business is important for career opportunities and interacting with other managers.
2. Studying international business prepares small companies that may get involved in international business through importing/exporting or competing globally.
3. Understanding other cultures and political systems is important to appreciate differences and find common ground.
4. No single country has a monopoly on good ideas, so studying international business techniques keeps companies aware of global innovations.
The document then discusses various modes for companies to enter international business such as licensing, franchising, exporting, turnkey
En6leq - Entrepreneurship awareness program by BCCI
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) make up 76% of total businesses in Bahrain and contribute significantly to GDP and employment. The Bahrain Chamber of Commerce and Industry provides various services to support SMEs, including advocacy, commercial opportunities, and legal consultancy. Additionally, Tamkeen was established in 2013 to specifically serve entrepreneurs and SMEs through counseling, training, facilitating partnerships and funding connections. The organization helps SMEs in areas such as business planning, marketing, quality standards, and accessing loans or grants.
403 ib International Business Environment qb
This document contains a review questions bank for an MBA course on International Business Environment. It includes 52 questions across various topics related to international business environment. Some of the key topics covered in the questions include defining international business and analyzing international business environment, understanding the role of organizations like World Bank, Asian Development Bank, GATT, WTO, UNCTAD, issues related to multinational corporations like their types, critics and defenders, technology transfer barriers and issues, external macro environment forces, reasons for going global, political and legal environments faced by global businesses, foreign investment types and flows. The questions require analysis and discussion of various concepts, frameworks, objectives, functions, arguments related to international business environment.
What's hot (20)
Kari Heirinens: Starptautiskās izaugsmes īstenošana. Finpro pieredze
Kari Heirinens: Starptautiskās izaugsmes īstenošana. Finpro pieredze
Difference between domestic_and_international_business
Difference between domestic_and_international_business
En6leq - Entrepreneurship awareness program by BCCI
En6leq - Entrepreneurship awareness program by BCCI
Similar to Chapter 8
Navigating US Customs Regulations and Compliances for First-Time US Importer...
This guide covers a wide range of topics, including the regulatory framework of US customs, import requirements, trade programs, and compliance issues. It also provides insights into the documentation requirements for customs clearance and the role of customs brokers in facilitating importation activities. Additionally, the guide offers tips for reducing the risk of customs compliance issues, such as intellectual property violations and anti-dumping measures.
https://www.tradecouncil.org/
US Customs, USCBP, US Regulations and Compliances. US Import Regulations, International Trade Council. ITC USA, Go Global Awards, Foreign Direct Investment, Exporting to the USA.
Navigating US Customs Regulations and Compliances for First-Time US Importer...
This document provides an overview of foreign direct investment (FDI) for businesses looking to expand internationally. It defines FDI and discusses its benefits for both businesses and host countries. The main types and risks of FDI are described. Assessing market opportunities, financial readiness, organizational culture, and developing an international strategy are key steps for businesses to take to become FDI ready. Overall, the document serves as a guide for businesses on understanding and successfully pursuing foreign direct investment.
Navigating US Customs Regulations and Compliances for First-Time US Importer...
Pop-up Glass Doors - This modern display cabinet features 2 large glass doors with pop-up device equipped, which offers you great convenience and an excellent modern experience. Press it gently, and then it will pop up automatically. It should be noted that if you want to adjust the sensitivity, you may rotate the knob of the pop-up device to achieve the effect you want.
Navigating US Customs Regulations and Compliances for First-Time US Importer...
This guide covers a wide range of topics, including the regulatory framework of US customs, import requirements, trade programs, and compliance issues. It also provides insights into the documentation requirements for customs clearance and the role of customs brokers in facilitating importation activities. Additionally, the guide offers tips for reducing the risk of customs compliance issues, such as intellectual property violations and anti-dumping measures
Foreign Direct Investment for Businesses Looking to Expand Internationally.pdf
This document provides an overview of foreign direct investment (FDI) for businesses looking to expand internationally. It defines FDI and discusses its benefits for both businesses and host countries. The main types of FDI are described. Potential risks of FDI are outlined for both businesses and host countries. Steps for assessing market opportunities, financial readiness, organizational culture, and developing an international strategy are recommended to help businesses prepare for FDI.
Foreign direct investment guide
Why is FDI increasing in the world economy?
Why do firms often prefer FDI to other market entry strategies?
Why do firms imitate competitors with FDI strategies?
Why are certain locations favored for FDI?
How does political ideology affect government FDI policy?
What are key FDI related costs and benefits for receiving and source countries?
-Wayne Lippman CPA
International environment ppt
- Managing international business requires dealing with various cultural, political, legal, economic, and technological differences across countries. International managers must continually monitor these environmental factors.
- Some challenges of international business include political and legal differences between countries, cultural differences, economic differences, language barriers, trade restrictions, and high transportation costs.
- However, international business also provides benefits like the flow of ideas and resources globally, offering new choices to consumers, and facilitating employment opportunities and technology sharing.
Direct foreign investment
These slides will provide some basic idea on Foreign Direct Investment, Multinational Capital Budgeting and country Risk.
3. IBF Chapter-3 FDI.ppt
This document provides an overview of foreign direct investment (FDI). It defines FDI and discusses trends, directions, theories, and implications. Key points include:
- FDI occurs when a firm invests directly in facilities in another country, taking two forms: greenfield investments or acquisitions.
- Both global FDI flows and stocks have increased over the last 20 years, with Asia, China, and Latin America seeing more inflows.
- Firms prefer FDI over exporting or licensing when they want more control over operations and to protect proprietary knowledge.
- Benefits of FDI for host countries include capital investment and economic growth, while costs can include loss of sovereignty; home countries
Fdi ch.7
Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been growing faster than global trade and output. There are several reasons why firms choose FDI over alternatives like exporting. FDI allows firms to have direct control over foreign operations, protect valuable knowledge, and respond quickly to competitors. Location advantages and a firm's ownership advantages also influence FDI decisions. While FDI can benefit host countries through jobs and development, it also raises issues around national sovereignty. Governments must consider both the costs and benefits of FDI policies.
3. IB UNIT 2 - FDI AND INDIA.pptx
This presentation deals with the theory and the practice of Foreign Direct Investment both in global and Indian context.
IBM UNIT 2
Charles Hills defines globalization as "The shift towards a more integrated and interdependent world economy". Globalization has two main components - the globalization of markets and the globalization of production.
According to International Monetary Fund, globalization means "the growing economic interdependence of countries worldwide through increasing volume and variety of cross border transactions in goods and services and of international capital flows and also through the more rapid and widespread diffusion of technology. Interdependency and integration of individual countries of the world is also called as globalization”.
FDI
This document discusses foreign direct investment (FDI), including why it has increased globally, different types of FDI, factors influencing FDI decisions, and costs and benefits of FDI for both host and source countries. Key points covered include that FDI has grown faster than global trade in recent decades due to factors like globalization and economic liberalization. FDI can take various forms like horizontal, vertical, or strategic asset-seeking investments. John Dunning's eclectic paradigm explains FDI decisions as being influenced by ownership, location, and internalization advantages. Governments pursue different policies toward FDI based on ideological views ranging from free market to pragmatic nationalism.
Canadian trade deficit hits record $4.1B in September
This presentation discusses the importance of Trade. The presentation will look at exports, imports, balance of trade, FIPA, Trade agreements and FDI.
This presentation is about educating people on the importance of having trade deals, but the right deals to support economic growth for a country.
FDI1.ppt
Foreign direct investment (FDI) involves a firm directly investing in foreign facilities and production. There are several reasons why FDI is increasing faster than global trade or output, including lower transportation costs and barriers to trade. Firms prefer FDI over alternatives like exporting or licensing to maintain strategic control and protect proprietary knowledge. Both home and host countries pursue policies to encourage or restrict FDI based on factors like national security, economic independence, jobs and resource transfers.
Foreign market entry modes
There are two main types of foreign market entry modes: equity and non-equity. Non-equity modes include exporting and contractual agreements, while equity modes include joint ventures and wholly owned subsidiaries. Exporting involves selling goods and services produced in one country to other countries, and can be direct or indirect through intermediaries. Direct exporting provides more control but requires more resources, while indirect exporting has less control but lower costs and risks. Other non-equity modes include contractual agreements like licensing and franchising. Equity modes like wholly owned subsidiaries and joint ventures require greater resource commitments but provide more control over foreign operations. Companies must evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each entry mode based on their goals and the characteristics of the target
foreign direct investment
This document discusses foreign direct investment (FDI). It defines FDI as investment from a company in one country into business interests located in another country, with the goal of managing those business interests. The document then discusses different types of FDI, including horizontal FDI where a company invests in similar activities in multiple countries, and vertical FDI where a company invests in different stages of production across countries. It also discusses the factors that influence where companies choose to direct FDI, such as costs, market demand, and availability of resources.
International Business 10eBy Charles W.L. HillCopy.docx
International Business 10e
By Charles W.L. Hill
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
*
Chapter 8
Foreign Direct
Investment
*
8-*
What Is FDI?Foreign direct investment (FDI) occurs when a firm invests directly in new facilities to produce and/or market in a foreign countrythe firm becomes a multinational enterpriseFDI can be in the form of greenfield investments - the establishment of a wholly new operation in a foreign countryacquisitions or mergers with existing firms in the foreign country
*
Greenfield operation:mostly in developing nations
Mergers and acquisitions:quicker to executeforeign firms have valuable strategic assetsbelieve they can increase the efficiency of the acquired firmmore prevalent in developed nations
The Opening Case: Foreign Retailers in India describes the challenges faced by foreign retailers that are trying to gain a foothold in India, despite political objections from local officials.
8-*
What Is FDI?The flow of FDI - the amount of FDI undertaken over a given time period Outflows of FDI are the flows of FDI out of a countryInflows of FDI are the flows of FDI into a countryThe stock of FDI - the total accumulated value of foreign-owned assets at a given time
*
LO 1: Recognize current trends regarding foreign direct investment (FDI) in the world economy.
8-*
What Are The Patterns Of FDI?Both the flow and stock of FDI have increased over the last 35 yearsMost FDI is still targeted towards developed nations United States, Japan, and the EUbut, other destinations are emergingSouth, East, and South East Asia especially China Latin America
*
Country Focus: Foreign Direct Investment in China explores investment opportunities in China. In the late 1970s, China opened its doors to foreign investors. By the mid 2000s, China attracted $60 billion of FDI annually. China’s large population is a magnet for many companies and because high tariffs make it difficult to export to the Chinese market, firms frequently turn to foreign direct investment. However, many companies have found it difficult to conduct business in China, and in recent years investment rates have slowed. In response, the Chinese government, hoping to continue to attract foreign companies has established a number of incentives for would-be investors.
8-*
What Are The Patterns Of FDI?
FDI Outflows 1982-2012 ($ billions)
*
Source: Calculated by the author from United Nations World Investment Report, various editions.
8-*
What Are The Patterns Of FDI?
FDI Inflows by Region 1995-2011 ($ billion)
*
Source: Calculated by the author from United Nations World Investment Report, various editions.
8-*
What Are The Patterns Of FDI?The growth of FDI is a result of
a fear of protectionismwant to circumvent trade barriers
political and economic changesderegulation, privatization, fewer restrictions on FDI
new b.
Similar to Chapter 8 (20)
L6_-_Foreign_Direct_Investment - Topic 6 (International Business).pdf
L6_-_Foreign_Direct_Investment - Topic 6 (International Business).pdf
PPT FDI KRISIS KEUANGAN GLOBAL TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN DAERAH
PPT FDI KRISIS KEUANGAN GLOBAL TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN DAERAH
Navigating US Customs Regulations and Compliances for First-Time US Importer...
Navigating US Customs Regulations and Compliances for First-Time US Importer...
Navigating US Customs Regulations and Compliances for First-Time US Importer...
Navigating US Customs Regulations and Compliances for First-Time US Importer...
Navigating US Customs Regulations and Compliances for First-Time US Importer...
Navigating US Customs Regulations and Compliances for First-Time US Importer...
Navigating US Customs Regulations and Compliances for First-Time US Importer...
Navigating US Customs Regulations and Compliances for First-Time US Importer...
Foreign Direct Investment for Businesses Looking to Expand Internationally.pdf
Foreign Direct Investment for Businesses Looking to Expand Internationally.pdf
Canadian trade deficit hits record $4.1B in September
Canadian trade deficit hits record $4.1B in September
International Business 10eBy Charles W.L. HillCopy.docx
International Business 10eBy Charles W.L. HillCopy.docx
More from AgustinTapia70
Chapter 10
The document discusses the foreign exchange market and currency exchange. It describes how the foreign exchange market allows currencies to be converted between countries and provides insurance against exchange rate risk. Businesses use the forex market to convert payments and make payments in other currencies. Spot exchange rates are the current rates while forward rates are future rates that account for interest rate differences between countries. Theories discussed include purchasing power parity and interest rate parity. Factors like inflation rates, interest rates, and investor psychology can influence exchange rates. Currencies can have different degrees of convertibility. Foreign exchange risk is a risk businesses must manage.
Chapter 9
The document discusses various regional economic integration agreements around the world. It provides details on the evolution and structure of the European Union, including the establishment of the euro currency. It also describes the reasons for and against economic integration processes. Examples of other trade blocs covered include NAFTA in North America, ASEAN in Southeast Asia, Mercosur in South America, and various agreements in Africa seeking to promote regional free trade.
Chapter 7
This document discusses various types of government intervention in international trade such as tariffs, import quotas, antidumping measures, subsidies, and retaliation. It outlines both economic and political arguments for government intervention including protecting domestic industries and jobs, national security, and human rights issues. The document also discusses the role of international trade organizations like GATT and the WTO in establishing rules for trade and resolving disputes between member countries.
Chapter 6
This document discusses several theories of international trade, including absolute advantage, comparative advantage, and factor endowments. It explains that absolute advantage suggests countries should specialize in goods they are most efficient at producing, while comparative advantage shows that trade can benefit all countries. The Heckscher-Ohlin model links trade patterns to differences in factors of production like capital and labor across countries. Later extensions address scale economies, product variety, and first-mover advantages in trade.
Chapter 5
This document discusses several ethical issues that companies may face when conducting international business, including employment practices, human rights, environmental pollution, corruption, moral obligations, ethical dilemmas, unethical behavior, decision making processes, organizational culture, unrealistic performance expectations, leadership, and societal culture. It also provides an overview of utilitarian and Kantian ethics as well as rights theories as approaches to addressing ethics.
Chapter 4
This document discusses cultural differences that are important for international business. It defines culture and explores cultural elements such as values, norms, social structure, religious systems, language, and how culture can provide competitive advantages. Culture is shaped by a society's history and involves shared behaviors, beliefs, and ways of thinking. Understanding cultural differences is key for business success across countries.
Chapter 3
This document discusses differences in economic development across countries and broader conceptions of development. It analyzes factors like GNI per capita, GDP growth rates, and HDI scores for countries including Brazil, China, Germany, India, Japan, Nigeria, Mexico, Russia, Switzerland, the UK, and the US. It also discusses how innovation/entrepreneurship, market economies, property rights, political systems, geography, education, deregulation, and the spread of democracy and market-based systems impact economic progress and the changing political economy landscape.
Chapter 2
The document discusses different political and economic systems around the world such as collectivism, individualism, democracy, totalitarianism, command economies, mixed economies, and differences in legal systems, property rights, corruption, and product safety and liability laws. It explores national variations and provides sources for further information on these topics.
Chapter 1
This document discusses several key aspects of globalization including the declining barriers to international trade and investment over time, the role of technological changes in enabling the globalization of production and markets, and how the changing demographics of the world economy have shifted economic power to emerging markets like China. It also touches on debates around the impacts of globalization on jobs, incomes, and national sovereignty.
Recently uploaded
Monthly Market Risk Update: June 2024 [SlideShare]
Markets rallied in May, with all three major U.S. equity indices up for the month, said Sam Millette, director of fixed income, in his latest Market Risk Update.
For more market updates, subscribe to The Independent Market Observer at https://blog.commonwealth.com/independent-market-observer.
University of North Carolina at Charlotte degree offer diploma Transcript
办理美国UNCC毕业证书制作北卡大学夏洛特分校假文凭定制Q微168899991做UNCC留信网教留服认证海牙认证改UNCC成绩单GPA做UNCC假学位证假文凭高仿毕业证GRE代考如何申请北卡罗莱纳大学夏洛特分校University of North Carolina at Charlotte degree offer diploma Transcript
China's Investment Leader - Dr. Alyce SU
In World Expo 2010 Shanghai – the most visited Expo in the World History
https://www.britannica.com/event/Expo-Shanghai-2010
China’s official organizer of the Expo, CCPIT (China Council for the Promotion of International Trade https://en.ccpit.org/) has chosen Dr. Alyce Su as the Cover Person with Cover Story, in the Expo’s official magazine distributed throughout the Expo, showcasing China’s New Generation of Leaders to the World.
Fabular Frames and the Four Ratio Problem
Digital, interactive art showing the struggle of a society in providing for its present population while also saving planetary resources for future generations. Spread across several frames, the art is actually the rendering of real and speculative data. The stereographic projections change shape in response to prompts and provocations. Visitors interact with the model through speculative statements about how to increase savings across communities, regions, ecosystems and environments. Their fabulations combined with random noise, i.e. factors beyond control, have a dramatic effect on the societal transition. Things get better. Things get worse. The aim is to give visitors a new grasp and feel of the ongoing struggles in democracies around the world.
Stunning art in the small multiples format brings out the spatiotemporal nature of societal transitions, against backdrop issues such as energy, housing, waste, farmland and forest. In each frame we see hopeful and frightful interplays between spending and saving. Problems emerge when one of the two parts of the existential anaglyph rapidly shrinks like Arctic ice, as factors cross thresholds. Ecological wealth and intergenerational equity areFour at stake. Not enough spending could mean economic stress, social unrest and political conflict. Not enough saving and there will be climate breakdown and ‘bankruptcy’. So where does speculative design start and the gambling and betting end? Behind each fabular frame is a four ratio problem. Each ratio reflects the level of sacrifice and self-restraint a society is willing to accept, against promises of prosperity and freedom. Some values seem to stabilise a frame while others cause collapse. Get the ratios right and we can have it all. Get them wrong and things get more desperate.
How to Identify the Best Crypto to Buy Now in 2024.pdf
To identify the best crypto to buy in 2024, analyze market trends, assess the project's fundamentals, review the development team and community, monitor adoption rates, and evaluate risk tolerance. Stay updated with news, regulatory changes, and expert opinions to make informed decisions.
一比一原版美国新罕布什尔大学(unh)毕业证学历认证真实可查
永久可查学历认证【微信：A575476】【美国新罕布什尔大学(unh)毕业证成绩单Offer】【微信：A575476】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：A575476】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：A575476】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
Dr. Alyce Su Cover Story - China's Investment Leader
In World Expo 2010 Shanghai – the most visited Expo in the World History
https://www.britannica.com/event/Expo-Shanghai-2010
China’s official organizer of the Expo, CCPIT (China Council for the Promotion of International Trade https://en.ccpit.org/) has chosen Dr. Alyce Su as the Cover Person with Cover Story, in the Expo’s official magazine distributed throughout the Expo, showcasing China’s New Generation of Leaders to the World.
The Rise and Fall of Ponzi Schemes in America.pptx
Ponzi schemes, a notorious form of financial fraud, have plagued America’s investment landscape for decades. Named after Charles Ponzi, who orchestrated one of the most infamous schemes in the early 20th century, these fraudulent operations promise high returns with little or no risk, only to collapse and leave investors with significant losses. This article explores the nature of Ponzi schemes, notable cases in American history, their impact on victims, and measures to prevent falling prey to such scams.
Understanding Ponzi Schemes
A Ponzi scheme is an investment scam where returns are paid to earlier investors using the capital from newer investors, rather than from legitimate profit earned. The scheme relies on a constant influx of new investments to continue paying the promised returns. Eventually, when the flow of new money slows down or stops, the scheme collapses, leaving the majority of investors with substantial financial losses.
Historical Context: Charles Ponzi and His Legacy
Charles Ponzi is the namesake of this deceptive practice. In the 1920s, Ponzi promised investors in Boston a 50% return within 45 days or 100% return in 90 days through arbitrage of international reply coupons. Initially, he paid returns as promised, not from profits, but from the investments of new participants. When his scheme unraveled, it resulted in losses exceeding $20 million (equivalent to about $270 million today).
Notable American Ponzi Schemes
1. Bernie Madoff: Perhaps the most notorious Ponzi scheme in recent history, Bernie Madoff’s fraud involved $65 billion. Madoff, a well-respected figure in the financial industry, promised steady, high returns through a secretive investment strategy. His scheme lasted for decades before collapsing in 2008, devastating thousands of investors, including individuals, charities, and institutional clients.
2. Allen Stanford: Through his company, Stanford Financial Group, Allen Stanford orchestrated a $7 billion Ponzi scheme, luring investors with fraudulent certificates of deposit issued by his offshore bank. Stanford promised high returns and lavish lifestyle benefits to his investors, which ultimately led to a 110-year prison sentence for the financier in 2012.
3. Tom Petters: In a scheme that lasted more than a decade, Tom Petters ran a $3.65 billion Ponzi scheme, using his company, Petters Group Worldwide. He claimed to buy and sell consumer electronics, but in reality, he used new investments to pay off old debts and fund his extravagant lifestyle. Petters was convicted in 2009 and sentenced to 50 years in prison.
4. Eric Dalius and Saivian: Eric Dalius, a prominent figure behind Saivian, a cashback program promising high returns, is under scrutiny for allegedly orchestrating a Ponzi scheme. Saivian enticed investors with promises of up to 20% cash back on everyday purchases. However, investigations suggest that the returns were paid using new investments rather than legitimate profits. The collapse of Saivian l
Budgeting as a Control Tool in Govt Accounting in Nigeria Prof Oyedokun.pptx
Budgeting as a Control Tool in Govt Accounting in Nigeria Prof Oyedokun.pptxGodwin Emmanuel Oyedokun MBA MSc PhD FCA FCTI FCNA CFE FFAR
Budgeting as a Control Tool in Government Accounting in Nigeria
Being a Paper Presented at the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA) Budget Office Staff at Sojourner Hotel, GRA, Ikeja Lagos on Saturday 8th June, 2024.
KYC Compliance: A Cornerstone of Global Crypto Regulatory Frameworks
This presentation explores the pivotal role of KYC compliance in shaping and enforcing global regulations within the dynamic landscape of cryptocurrencies. Dive into the intricate connection between KYC practices and the evolving legal frameworks governing the crypto industry.
Chapter 25: Economic Growth Summary from Samuelson and Nordhaus
akdlajdljalkdjklajdklajlsdjlasjdlajdslajldjaldjalsjdlkajskldaldkj
Tdasx: Interpreting the 2024 Cryptocurrency Market Funding Trends and Technol...
Tdasx: Interpreting the 2024 Cryptocurrency Market Funding Trends and Technological Developments
一比一原版(cwu毕业证书)美国中央华盛顿大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(cwu毕业证书)美国中央华盛顿大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理(cwu毕业证书)美国中央华盛顿大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(cwu毕业证书)美国中央华盛顿大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(cwu毕业证书)美国中央华盛顿大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(cwu毕业证书)美国中央华盛顿大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
Discovering Delhi - India's Cultural Capital.pptx
Delhi, the heartbeat of India, offers a rich blend of history, culture, and modernity. From iconic landmarks like the Red Fort to bustling commercial hubs and vibrant culinary scenes, Delhi's real estate landscape is dynamic and diverse. Discover the essence of India's capital, where tradition meets innovation.
欧洲杯投注-欧洲杯投注买球-欧洲杯投注买球网|【网址🎉ac22.net🎉】
【网址🎉ac22.net🎉】欧洲杯投注 Sports 与其他博彩公司相比，其独特之处在于欧洲杯投注 Sports 基于低利润和高营业额的独一无二的体育博彩模式，该模式可以为玩家开出最高的赔率。欧洲杯投注的优势在于中文界面友好，接受人民币投注。他们的开户奖金和实时体育投注界面是大陆玩家的首选。
Recently uploaded (20)
Monthly Market Risk Update: June 2024 [SlideShare]
Monthly Market Risk Update: June 2024 [SlideShare]
University of North Carolina at Charlotte degree offer diploma Transcript
University of North Carolina at Charlotte degree offer diploma Transcript
How to Identify the Best Crypto to Buy Now in 2024.pdf
How to Identify the Best Crypto to Buy Now in 2024.pdf
Dr. Alyce Su Cover Story - China's Investment Leader
Dr. Alyce Su Cover Story - China's Investment Leader
The Rise and Fall of Ponzi Schemes in America.pptx
The Rise and Fall of Ponzi Schemes in America.pptx
Budgeting as a Control Tool in Govt Accounting in Nigeria Prof Oyedokun.pptx
Budgeting as a Control Tool in Govt Accounting in Nigeria Prof Oyedokun.pptx
KYC Compliance: A Cornerstone of Global Crypto Regulatory Frameworks
KYC Compliance: A Cornerstone of Global Crypto Regulatory Frameworks
Chapter 25: Economic Growth Summary from Samuelson and Nordhaus
Chapter 25: Economic Growth Summary from Samuelson and Nordhaus
Tdasx: Interpreting the 2024 Cryptocurrency Market Funding Trends and Technol...
Tdasx: Interpreting the 2024 Cryptocurrency Market Funding Trends and Technol...
Chapter 8
- 1. International Business Chapter Eight Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
- 3. Flow of FDI - the amount of FDI undertaken over a given time period • Outflows―flows of FDI out of a country • Inflows―flows of FDI into a country Stock of FDI - the total accumulated value of foreign- owned assets at a given time
- 4. Trends in FDI • Increase in both flow and stock of FDI over past 25 years • Growing more rapidly than world trade and world output • Way to circumvent trade barriers • Political and economic changes • Shift toward democratic political institutions and free market economies • Globalization Fuente: https://worldinvestmentreport.unctad.org/world-investment-report-2018/chapter-1-global-prospects-and-trends/
- 6. Mergers & Aquisitions/Greenfield Investments
- 7. Exporting vs Licensing Fuente: https://www.slideshare.net/iiminternship105/ways-of-entering-foreign-markets
- 8. Why Foreign Direct Investment? • Limitations of exporting • Transportation costs and trade barriers • By limiting imports through quotas and tariffs, governments increase the attractiveness of FDI and licensing Why Foreign Direct Investment? • Limitations of licensing • Internalization theory • Market imperfections • Licensing may result in a firm’s giving away valuable technological know- how to a potential foreign competitor. • Licensing does not give a firm the tight control over production, marketing, and strategy in a foreign country that may be required to maximize its profitability. • The firm’s competitive advantage is based on the management, marketing, and manufacturing capabilities, which is not amenable to licensing.
- 9. The Convenience of FDI Why Foreign Direct Investment? • Advantages of Foreign Direct Investment • When transportation costs or trade barriers make exporting unattractive. • When a firm wishes to maintain control over its technological know- how, or over its operations and business strategy, or when the firm’s capabilities are simply not amenable to licensing. Fuente: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/fdi.asp
- 10. The Pattern of Foreign Direct Investment • Strategic Behavior • Knickerbocker - relationship between FDI and rivalry in oligopolistic industries • Oligopoly • Interdependence between firms in an oligopoly leads to imitative behavior • Imitative behavior also occurs in FDI • Multipoint competition Fuente: https://mx.depositphotos.com/83882540/stock-photo-competitive-pricing-concept-image-with.html
- 12. Political Ideology and Foreign Direct Investment Fuente: https://prezi.com/p/rycun3btwrlx/political-ideology-and-foreign-direct-investment/
- 13. Benefits and Costs of FDI Fuente: https://www.thebalance.com/foreign-direct-investment-fdi-pros-cons-and-importance-3306283
- 15. Home-Country Policies • Encouraging outward FDI • Government-backed insurance programs • Government loans • Elimination of double taxation of foreign income • Relaxation of restrictions on FDI by host countries •Restricting outward FDI Limit capital outflows Manipulate tax rules Prohibit investment for political reasons
- 16. • Encouraging inward FDI • Incentives such as tax concessions, low-interest loans, grants or subsidies • Restricting inward FDI • Ownership restraints • Performance requirements Home-Country Policies