The for loop is used when a loop needs to execute a set number of times. It has three expressions: an initial statement, loop condition, and update statement. The initial statement executes once, then the loop condition is evaluated - if true, the loop statement is executed and the update statement runs, repeating until the condition is false. Examples demonstrate using a for loop to output numbers from 1 to 4, strings with separators multiple times, and a string repeated with a final separator.