The document summarizes the layers that make up Earth's interior. It describes the inner core as solid iron and nickel with a radius of around 760 miles and a temperature of 5700K. It describes the outer core as liquid iron, nickel, sulfur and oxygen around 1400 miles thick and 4300K. It lists the major components and characteristics of the lower mantle, upper mantle, asthenosphere, lithosphere, oceanic crust, and continental crust.

1. Earth science

2. The diagram compares the planets of our inner solar system to
Kepler-186, a five-planet star system about 500 light-years from
Earth in the constellation Cygnus.

3. Earth's interior

4. • Inner core.
– Composed of solid alloy of iron and nickel
– Radius of ~760 miles (about 1220 km)
– Temperature is ~5700 K (5400 0
C)
• Outer core.
– Liquid layer composed of Fe, Ni, S, O
– ~1400 mi thick (2890 km)
– Temperature is ~4300K (40300
C)
• Lower mantle
– Composed of Fe, Mg and silicate compound (like SiO2)
and (MgFe)2SiO4(Olivine rock)
– ~ 1600 mi thick (about 2560 km)
– Temperature is ~4144 K (3841 0
C)

5. • Upper mantle
– Composed of Olivine rocks, compound of SiO2 and
Peridotite
– ~ 200 mi thick (about 320 km)
– Temperature is ~755 K (482 0
C)
• Athenosphere
– Composed of molten rock
– ~ 100 mi thick (about 160 km)
– Temperature is ~1570K (1300 0
C)
– Acts as the lubricant for the tectonic plates

6. • Lithosphere
– Composed of rock
– ~ 63 mi thick (about 100 km)
– Temperature is ~573 K (300 0
C)
– This is the tectonic plate
• Crust
– Composed of Si, O, Al, Ca, K, Na... etc
• Oceanic crust
– ~6 mi thick (10 km)
• Continental crust
– ~20 mi thick (33 km)

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8. Plate Boundaries

10. The Pangaea Pop-up - Michael
Molina

11. • Divergent Boundaries
– Boundaries between two plates that are moving apart or rifting
 
• Convergent Boundaries
– Boundaries between two plates that are colliding
 

12. Plate Tectonics Explained

13. Evidence of plate
movement

14. • Rock island is moving at a rate of cm/yr from southern
California to coast of Alaska

15. • Image of eruption of Mount Pinatubo last 12
June 1991.

16. • Benham rise is 13 million hectare which is larger than Luzon which is 10 million
hectare

17. What happens when continents
collide - Juan D. Carrillo