The document discusses key components of a financial plan for a business, including projected sales, expenses, profits, cash flows, and balance sheets for the first three years of business, with monthly projections for the first year. It explains that the financial plan will forecast sales, costs of goods sold, expenses, taxes, cash flows, assets, liabilities, and owner equity. The financial plan provides projections of the business's financial performance and condition to assess feasibility and capital needs.
Financial plan and controll entrepreneurshipfatimanajam4
This file is uploaded to help the students learning finance easier. It will give a general understanding of planning and controlling of financial resources.
Financial plan and controll entrepreneurshipfatimanajam4
This file is uploaded to help the students learning finance easier. It will give a general understanding of planning and controlling of financial resources.
Need capital to start, grow and manage your business, we provide loans in the form of short term loans and long term loans, check your ability to get a loan by bank loan rating and credit score check. Get complete information about the Syndication & Funding right from Term Loans to Unsecured Loans and the Process.
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Finance
Need capital to start, grow and manage your business, we provide loans in the form of short term loans and long term loans, check your ability to get a loan by bank loan rating and credit score check. Get complete information about the Syndication & Funding right from Term Loans to Unsecured Loans and the Process.
Finance Q & A Essay
Finance Essay
Financial Services Essays
Corporate Finance Essay
Managing Financial Resources Essay examples
Essay on personal finance goals
Reflection About Finance
Business Finance Essay
Essay on My Personal Financial Plan
Finance Director Essay
Essay Corporate Finance
Essay about Ethics in Finance
Essay on Finance
Finance
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
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what is the best method to sell pi coins in 2024DOT TECH
The best way to sell your pi coins safely is trading with an exchange..but since pi is not launched in any exchange, and second option is through a VERIFIED pi merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and pioneers and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive amounts before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade pi coins with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins in South Korea profitably.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network coins in South Korea or any other country, by finding a verified pi merchant
What is a verified pi merchant?
Since pi network is not launched yet on any exchange, the only way you can sell pi coins is by selling to a verified pi merchant, and this is because pi network is not launched yet on any exchange and no pre-sale or ico offerings Is done on pi.
Since there is no pre-sale, the only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners. So a pi merchant facilitates these transactions by acting as a bridge for both transactions.
How can i find a pi vendor/merchant?
Well for those who haven't traded with a pi merchant or who don't already have one. I will leave the telegram id of my personal pi merchant who i trade pi with.
Tele gram: @Pi_vendor_247
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US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
1. Financial plan
financial plan
“Projections of key financial data that determine economic feasibility and necessary financial investment
commitment”.
Generally, three financial areas are discussed in this section of the business plan. First, the entrepreneur should
summarize the forecasted sales and the appropriate expenses for at least the first three years, with the first year’s
projections provided monthly. The form for displaying this information is illustrated in Chapter 10. It includes the
forecasted sales, cost of goods sold, and the general and administrative expenses. Net profit after taxes can then be
projected by estimating income taxes.
The second major area of financial information needed is cash flow figures for at least three years, although
sometimes investors may want to see five-year projections. The first year of projections, however, should be on a
monthly basis. Since bills have to be paid at different times of the year, it is important to determine the demands on
cash on a monthly basis, especially in the first year. Remember that sales may be irregular, and receipts from
customers also may be spread out, thus necessitating the borrowing of short-term capital to meet fixed expenses
such as salaries and utilities.
The last financial item needed in this section of the business plan is the projected balance sheet. This shows the
financial condition of the business at a specific time. It summarizes the assets of a business, its liabilities (what is
owed), the investment of the entrepreneur and any partners, and retained earnings (or cumulative losses).
2. • OPERATING AND CAPITAL BUDGETS
Before developing the pro forma income statement, the entrepreneur should prepare
operating and capital budgets. If the entrepreneur is a sole proprietor, then he or she is
responsible for the budgeting decisions. In the case of a partnership, or where employees exist,
the initial budgeting process may begin with one of these individuals, depending on his or her
role in the venture. For example, a sales budget may be prepared by a sales manager, a
manufacturing budget by the production manager, and so on. Final determination of these
budgets will ultimately rest with the owners or entrepreneurs.
• FORECASTING SALES
As stated earlier, there are many different methods for projecting sales, some very quantitative
and some more qualitative. Most start-ups would not likely use any of the quantitative
techniques but would rely on more qualitative methods. Our focus here will be to try to
understand how to project sales simply and reasonably using more qualitative methods.
To begin with, the entrepreneur should research everything he or she can find about other
start-ups in the same industry. Reviewing their experience can often provide reasonable
expectations for early sales. Local chambers of commerce, or any other business organization,
may provide contacts and information on what might be expected in first year sales. No matter
what approach entrepreneurs use, they must be aware that sales estimates may be wrong. As a
result, it is sometimes beneficial for the entrepreneur to provide sales estimates at different
levels of activity.
3. • PRO FORMA INCOME
“Projected net profit calculated from projected revenue minus projected costs and expenses”.
In preparation of the pro forma income statement, sales by month must be calculated first. The pro forma
income statements also provide projections of all operating expenses for each of the months during the year.
• PRO FORMA CASH FLOW
“Projected cash available calculated from projected cash accumulations minus projected cash disbursements”
Cash flow is not the same as profit. Profit is the result of subtracting expenses from sales, whereas cash flow
results from the difference between actual cash receipts and cash payments. Cash flows only when actual
payments are received or made. For example, if someone owes you $100 for work you completed you have
earned that amount as income. If you wanted to spend this $100 at the supermarket you would have to get
them to let you buy on credit (you would owe them the amount of the groceries) or you would pay with a
credit card. The fact is that at that point you have income of $100 (no cash yet) and expenses of $100 (not yet
paid in cash). Similarly, for a business, sales may not be regarded as cash since it is common for buyers to have
at least 30 days to make the payment.
• PRO FORMA BALANCE SHEET
Summarizes the projected assets, liabilities, and net worth of the new venture. The pro forma balance sheet
reflects the position of the business at the end of the first year. It summarizes the assets, liabilities, and net
worth of the entrepreneurs. In other words, it tells the entrepreneur a measure of the company’s solvency.
4. Each of the categories is explained here:
Assets
“Items that are owned or available to be used in the venture operations”
These represent everything of value that is owned by the business. Value is not necessarily
meant to imply the cost of replacement or what its market value would be but is the actual
cost or amount expended for the asset. The assets are categorized as current or fixed.
Current assets include cash and anything else that is expected to be converted into cash or
consumed in the operation of the business during a period of one year or less. Fixed assets
are those that are tangible and will be used over a long period of time.
Liabilities
“Money that is owed to creditors”
These accounts represent everything owed to creditors. Some of these amounts may be
due within a year (current liabilities), and others may be long-term debts.
Owner equity
“The amount owners have invested and/or retained from the venture operations”
This amount represents the excess of all assets over all liabilities. It represents the net
worth of the business.
5. • PRO FORMA SOURCES AND APPLICATIONS OF FUNDS
Summarizes all the projected sources of funds available to the venture
and how these funds will be disbursed. Its purpose is to show how net
income and financing were used to increase assets or to pay off debt. It
is often difficult for the entrepreneur to understand how the net
income for the year was disposed of and the effect of the movement of
cash through the business.
6. Source Of Capital
• Debt or Equity Financing
There are two general types of financing available: debt financing and equity financing.
debt financing
“Obtaining borrowed funds for the company”
Debt financing is a financing method involving an interest-bearing instrument, usually
a loan, the payment of which is only indirectly related to the sales and profits of the
venture. Typically, debt financing (also called asset-based financing) requires that some
asset (such as a car, house, inventory, plant, machine, or land) be used as collateral.
Debt financing requires the entrepreneur to pay back the amount of funds borrowed
as well as a fee usually expressed in terms of the interest rate. There can also be an
additional fee, sometimes referred to as points, for using or being able to borrow the
money. If the financing is short term (less than one year), the money is usually used to
provide working capital to finance inventory, accounts receivable, or the operation of
the business.
7. Equity financing
“Obtaining funds for the company in exchange for ownership”
Equity financing does not require collateral and offers the investor some form of ownership position in
the venture. The investor shares in the profits of the venture, as well as any disposition of its assets on a
pro rata basis based on the percentage of the business owned. Key factors favoring the use of one type
of financing over another are the availability of funds, the assets of the venture, and the prevailing
interest rates. Frequently, an entrepreneur meets financial needs by employing a combination of debt
and equity finance.
• Internal or External Funds
Financing also can come from both internal and external funds.
The funds most frequently employed are internally generated funds. Internally generated funds can
come from several sources within the company: profits, sale of assets, reduction in working capital,
extended payment terms, and accounts receivable. In every new venture, the start-up years usually
involve putting all, or at least most of the profits back into the venture; even outside equity investors do
not expect any payback in these early years.
The other general source of funds is external to the venture. Alternative sources of external financing
need to be evaluated on three bases: the length of time the funds are available, the costs involved, and
the amount of company control lost. The more frequently used sources of funds (self, family and friends,
commercial banks, private investors (angels), R&D limited partnerships, government loan programs and
grants, venture capital, and private placement).
8. • PERSONAL FUNDS
Few, if any, new ventures are started without the personal funds of the entrepreneur. Not
only are these the least expensive funds in terms of cost and control, but they are
absolutely essential in attracting outside funding, particularly from banks, private investors,
and venture capitalists. Often referred to as blood equity, the typical sources of personal
funds include savings, life insurance, or mortgage on a house or car. These outside
providers of capital feel that the entrepreneur may not be sufficiently committed to the
venture if he or she does not have money invested.
• COMMERCIAL BANKS
Commercial banks are by far the source of short-term funds most frequently used by the
entrepreneur when collateral is available. The funds provided are in the form of debt
financing and, as such, require some tangible guaranty or collateral—some asset with
value. This collateral can be in the form of business assets (land, equipment, or the building
of the venture), personal assets (the entrepreneur’s house, car, land, stock, or bonds), or
the assets of the cosigner of the note.
• Types of Bank Loans
There are many types of bank loans available. To help ensure repayment, these loans are
based on the assets or the cash flow of the venture. The asset base for loans is usually
accounts receivable, inventory, equipment, or real estate. Sometimes the assets of the
entrepreneur or an investor are used when the venture does not have enough.
9. Accounts Receivable Loans
“Tangible collateral valued at more than the amount of money borrowed”
Accounts receivable provide a good basis for a loan, especially if the customer base is
well known and creditworthy. For those creditworthy customers, a bank may finance
up to 80 percent of the value of their accounts receivable.
Inventory Loans
Inventory is another of the firm’s assets that can often be the basis for a loan,
particularly when the inventory is more liquid and can be easily sold. Usually, the
finished goods inventory can be financed for up to 50 percent of its value
Equipment Loans
Equipment can be used to secure longer-term financing, usually on a 3- to 10-year
basis. Equipment financing can fall into any of several categories: financing the
purchase of new equipment, financing used equipment already owned by the
company, sale-leaseback financing, or lease financing. When new equipment is being
purchased or presently owned equipment is used as collateral, usually 50 to 80
percent of the value of the equipment can be financed depending on its salability.
10. Real Estate Loans
Real estate is also frequently used in asset-based financing. This
mortgage financing is usually easily obtained to finance a company’s
land, plant, or another building, often up to 75 percent of its value.
conventional bank loan
Standard way banks lend money to companies
11. GROWTH STRATEGIES
These growth strategies are
(1) penetration strategies,
(2) market development strategies,
(3) product development strategies,
(4) diversification strategies.
Penetration Strategies
“A strategy to grow by encouraging existing customers to buy more of the firm’s current
products”
A penetration strategy focuses on the firm’s existing product in its existing market. The
entrepreneur attempts to penetrate this product or market further by encouraging
existing customers to buy more of the firm’s current products. Marketing can be effective
in encouraging more frequent repeat purchases. For example, a pizza company engages in
an extensive marketing campaign to encourage its existing customer base of university
students to eat its pizza three nights a week rather than only twice a week.
12. Market Development Strategies
“Strategy to grow by selling the firm’s existing products to new groups
of customers”
Growth also can occur through market development strategies. Market
development strategies involve selling the firm’s existing products to
new groups of customers. New groups of customers can be categorized
in terms of geographic or demographics and/or on the basis of new
product use.
1) New Geographical Market
This simply refers to selling the existing product in new locations.
2)New Demographic Market
Demographics are used to characterize (potential) customers based
upon their income, location, education, age, sex, and so on.
13. Product Development Strategies
“A strategy to grow by developing and selling new products to people who
are already purchasing the firm’s existing products”
Product development strategies for growth involve developing and selling
new products to people who are already purchasing the firm’s existing
products. Experience with a particular customer group is a source of
knowledge on the problems customers have with existing technology and
ways in which customers can be better served. This knowledge is an
important resource in coming up with a new product.
Diversification Strategies
“A strategy to grow by selling a new product to a new market”
Diversification strategies involve selling a new product to a new market.
Even though both knowledge bases appear to be new, some diversification
strategies are related to the entrepreneur’s (and the firm’s) knowledge. In
fact, there are three types of related diversification that are best explained
through a discussion of the value-added chain.
14. 1. backward integration
A step back (up) in the value-added chain toward the raw materials
2. forward integration
A step forward (down) on the value-added chain toward the customers