Lecture 3.2.4 C pointer to Structure.pptxravi2692kumar
Enabling immediate and 24/7 communication
Automating communication
Overcoming geographical barriers
Enabling more effective and real-time collaboration
Increasing transparency
Decentralizing decision making
Agar, J., 2003. Constant Touch: A Global History of the Mobile Phone. Cambridge: Icon Books.
Barry, W., 1999. Networks in the Global Village. Boulder Colo: Westview Press.
Caron, A, & Caronia, L., 2007. Moving cultures: mobile communication in everyday life. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
Castells, M., 1996. The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture, Volume 1.The Rise of the Network Society. Oxford: Blackwell.
Daniel, C., & Rod, M., 2011.The Dictionary of Media and Communications. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Many of the business processes today involve communications like messaging/chatbots, email marketing, and social media engagement to reach out to the target customers. The growth and widespread adoption of social media platforms, video conferencing tools and emailing platforms have made virtual communication a new normal in the COVID reign
Postman, N., 1992. Technopoly: The surrender of culture to technology. New York: Vintage Books.
Reid, D. J. & Reid F. J. M., 2004. Insights into the Social and Psychological Effects of SMS Text Messaging. Web.
Richard, L., 2004. The Mobile Connection: The Cell Phone’s Impact on Society. San Francisco Morgan: Kaufmann.
Soukup, C., 2008. ‘Magic Screens: Everyday Life in an Era of Ubiquitous and Mobile Media Screens’, presented at 94th annual Convention. San Diego.
Stephen, J., 1997. Interface Culture: How New Technology Transforms the Way We Create and Communicate. San Francisco: Basic Books.
Tofts, D., 1997. ‘The technology within’ in memory trade: A Prehistory of Cyberculture, North Ryde: 21C Books.
Jeremiah Yancy - Objectives for Software design and testingJeremiah Yancy
Mr. Jeremiah Yancy possesses extensive experience and industry knowledge in his field and has managed multiple startups from inception to Initial Public Offering.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Lecture 3.2.4 C pointer to Structure.pptxravi2692kumar
Enabling immediate and 24/7 communication
Automating communication
Overcoming geographical barriers
Enabling more effective and real-time collaboration
Increasing transparency
Decentralizing decision making
Agar, J., 2003. Constant Touch: A Global History of the Mobile Phone. Cambridge: Icon Books.
Barry, W., 1999. Networks in the Global Village. Boulder Colo: Westview Press.
Caron, A, & Caronia, L., 2007. Moving cultures: mobile communication in everyday life. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
Castells, M., 1996. The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture, Volume 1.The Rise of the Network Society. Oxford: Blackwell.
Daniel, C., & Rod, M., 2011.The Dictionary of Media and Communications. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Many of the business processes today involve communications like messaging/chatbots, email marketing, and social media engagement to reach out to the target customers. The growth and widespread adoption of social media platforms, video conferencing tools and emailing platforms have made virtual communication a new normal in the COVID reign
Postman, N., 1992. Technopoly: The surrender of culture to technology. New York: Vintage Books.
Reid, D. J. & Reid F. J. M., 2004. Insights into the Social and Psychological Effects of SMS Text Messaging. Web.
Richard, L., 2004. The Mobile Connection: The Cell Phone’s Impact on Society. San Francisco Morgan: Kaufmann.
Soukup, C., 2008. ‘Magic Screens: Everyday Life in an Era of Ubiquitous and Mobile Media Screens’, presented at 94th annual Convention. San Diego.
Stephen, J., 1997. Interface Culture: How New Technology Transforms the Way We Create and Communicate. San Francisco: Basic Books.
Tofts, D., 1997. ‘The technology within’ in memory trade: A Prehistory of Cyberculture, North Ryde: 21C Books.
Jeremiah Yancy - Objectives for Software design and testingJeremiah Yancy
Mr. Jeremiah Yancy possesses extensive experience and industry knowledge in his field and has managed multiple startups from inception to Initial Public Offering.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Toxic effects of heavy metals : Lead and Arsenicsanjana502982
Heavy metals are naturally occuring metallic chemical elements that have relatively high density, and are toxic at even low concentrations. All toxic metals are termed as heavy metals irrespective of their atomic mass and density, eg. arsenic, lead, mercury, cadmium, thallium, chromium, etc.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
1. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 1
Objectives
❏ To be able to list and describe the six expression categories
❏ To understand the rules of precedence and associativity in
evaluating expressions
❏ To understand the result of side effects in expression evaluation
❏ To be able to predict the results when an expression is evaluated
❏ To understand implicit and explicit type conversion
❏ To understand and use the first four statement types: null,
expression, return, and compound
Chapter 3
Structure of a C Program
2. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 2
3-1 Expressions
An expression is a sequence of operands and operators
that reduces to a single value. Expressions can be
simple or complex. An operator is a syntactical token
that requires an action be taken. An operand is an
object on which an operation is performed; it receives
an operator’s action.
Primary Expressions
Postfix Expressions
Prefix Expressions
Unary Expressions
Binary Expressions
Topics discussed in this section:
3. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 3
An expression always reduces to a single value.
Note
4. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 4
FIGURE 3-2 Postfix Expressions
5. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 5
(a++) has the same effect as (a = a + 1)
Note
6. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 6
FIGURE 3-3 Result of Postfix a++
7. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 7
The operand in a postfix expression must be a variable.
Note
8. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 8
PROGRAM 3-1 Demonstrate Postfix Increment
9. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 9
PROGRAM 3-1 Demonstrate Postfix Increment (continued)
10. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 10
FIGURE 3-4 Prefix Expression
11. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 11
The operand of a prefix expression must be a variable.
Note
12. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 12
FIGURE 3-5 Result of Prefix ++a
13. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 13
(++a) has the same effect as (a = a + 1)
Note
14. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 14
PROGRAM 3-2 Demonstrate Prefix Increment
15. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 15
PROGRAM 3-2 Demonstrate Prefix Increment (continued)
16. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 16
If ++ is after the operand, as in a++, the increment takes
place after the expression is evaluated.
If ++ is before the operand, as in ++a, the increment
takes place before the expression is evaluated.
Note
17. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 17
FIGURE 3-6 Unary Expressions
18. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 18
Table 3-1 Examples of Unary Plus And Minus Expressions
19. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 19
FIGURE 3-7 Binary Expressions
20. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 20
Both operands of the modulo operator (%) must
be integral types.
Note
21. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 21
PROGRAM 3-3 Binary Expressions
22. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 22
PROGRAM 3-3 Binary Expressions (continued)
23. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 23
PROGRAM 3-3 Binary Expressions (continued)
24. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 24
The left operand in an assignment expression must be a
single variable.
Note
25. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 25
Table 3-2 Expansion of Compound Expressions
26. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 26
PROGRAM 3-4 Demonstration of Compound Assignments
27. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 27
PROGRAM 3-4 Demonstration of Compound Assignments
28. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 28
PROGRAM 3-4 Demonstration of Compound Assignments
29. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 29
3-2 Precedence and Associativity
Precedence is used to determine the order in which
different operators in a complex expression are
evaluated. Associativity is used to determine the order
in which operators with the same precedence are
evaluated in a complex expression.
Precedence
Associativity
Topics discussed in this section:
30. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 30
PROGRAM 3-5 Precedence
31. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 31
PROGRAM 3-5 Precedence
33. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 33
FIGURE 3-8 Left-to-Right Associativity
34. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 34
FIGURE 3-9 Right-to-Left Associativity
35. So you can have things like:
int i =1;
int j =2;
i = j*= 2; // i = j = 4 after
i += i + j+=2; // j=6, i = 10
// after
Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 35
36. You can actually say
int i, sum;
i = sum = 3 +1; // Right to left
// associativity
And i will equal 4, but it is not
good programming practice.
Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C 36
Editor's Notes
Associativity used when operators have same precedence: the += type operatorrs use R->L associativity, basic math operators like * use L->R
