Centesimus Annus, an encyclical by Pope John Paul II issued in 1991, reflects on Catholic social teaching in light of the fall of communism and the emergence of a post-Cold War economy. It emphasizes the importance of moral and ethical frameworks in capitalism, the responsibilities of private property ownership, and the need for a collaborative relationship between the state, business, and society to promote the common good and human dignity. The document advocates for economic progress that aligns with justice, solidarity, and cultural renewal.

1. CENTESIMUS
ANNUS (1991) –
POPE JOHN
PAUL II
"100
YEARS OF
CATHOLIC
SOCIAL
TEACHING
"

2. INTRODUCTION
TO THE
ENCYCLICAL
Issued on May 1, 1991, marking the
centenary of Rerum
Novarum (1891).
Written in response to the fall of
communism and economic changes.
Updates Catholic social teaching for
the post-Cold War world.

3. THE FALL OF COMMUNISM
Communism failed
by suppressing
human dignity,
freedom, and
initiative.
01
Its collapse
highlights the need
for moral and ethical
economic systems.
02
Caution: Capitalism
must also be guided
by moral principles.
03

4. PRIVATE PROPERTY AND UNIVERSAL DESTINATION OF GOODS
Private property is
a right but not
absolute.
Resources must
benefit everyone,
not just individuals.
Property owners
have a
responsibility to
serve the common
good.

5. BUSINESS
ECONOMY AND
THE MARKET
SYSTEM
Market economies are valuable
but need ethical grounding.
Businesses should prioritize
human dignity, not just profit.
State capitalism is rejected for
being overly controlling.

6. THE ROLE OF
THE STATE
 The state should act with subsidiarity,
stepping in only when necessary.
 Its role is to regulate markets, protect the
vulnerable, and promote fairness.
 Civil institutions and communities must
also play a part in social well-being.

7. CULTURE, TRUTH, AND SOLIDARITY
Society needs
cultural renewal
grounded in truth
and solidarity.
Solidarity ensures
the well-being of all
people.
Culture and moral
values are essential
for sustainable
economic and social
systems.

8. CONCLUSION – A CALL FOR ETHICAL ECONOMICS
 Capitalism must respect human dignity and
promote the common good.
 Cooperation between the state, business, and
society is essential.
 Economic progress must align with justice and
solidarity.