A LIFE SCIENCES SLIDE DESIGNED FOR CAPS.

1. Cell Structure
& Function
http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html

3. Cells
• Every living thing has at least one cell.
– Some have only one and some have trillions.
– Most cells are too tiny to be seen without a
microscope.
– A chicken egg is one of the largest cells.
– Not all cells look or act the same.
– You have 200 different kinds of cells: blood
cells, bone cells, muscle cells …………

4. Tissues
• A tissue is a group of cells working
together to perform a specific job in the
body. The material around and between
the cells is also part of the tissue.
– Examples of tissue: red blood cells, fat, and
muscle

5. Organs
• When two or more tissues work together
to perform a specific job, the group of
tissues is called an organ.
– Examples of organs: stomach, heart,
intestines, liver, lung, and skin
• Plants also have different kinds of tissues that
work together. A leaf is a plant organ that
contains tissue that traps light energy to make
food.
Examples of plant organs: stem and roots

7. The Skin
• The skin is the body’s largest organ. An
average-sized person’s skin has a mass of
about 4.5 kg (almost 10 pounds!).

8. Cell Theory
• All living things are made up of cells.
• Cells are the smallest working units of all
living things.
• All cells come from preexisting cells
through cell division.

9. Definition of Cell
A cell is the smallest unit that is
capable of performing life
functions.

10. Examples of Cells
Amoeba Proteus
Plant Stem
Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell
Bacteria

11. Two Types of Cells
•Prokaryotic
•Eukaryotic

12. Prokaryotic
• Do not have
structures
surrounded by
membranes
• Few internal
structures
• One-celled
organisms,
Bacteria
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html

13. Eukaryotic
• Contain organelles surrounded by membranes
• Most living organisms
Plant Animal
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html

14. “Typical” Animal Cell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif

15. http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif
“Typical” Plant Cell

16. Cell Parts
Organelles

17. Surrounding the Cell

18. Cell Membrane
• Outer membrane of cell
that controls movement
in and out of the cell
• Double layer
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

19. Cell Wall
• Most commonly found
in plant cells &
bacteria
• Supports & protects
cells
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

20. Inside the Cell

21. Nucleus
• Directs cell activities
• Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear
membrane
• Contains genetic material - DNA

22. Nuclear Membrane
• Surrounds nucleus
• Made of two layers
• Openings allow
material to enter and
leave nucleus
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

23. Chromosomes
• In nucleus
• Made of DNA
• Contain instructions
for traits &
characteristics
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

24. Nucleolus
• Inside nucleus
• Contains RNA to build
proteins
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

25. Cytoplasm
• Gel-like mixture
• Surrounded by cell membrane
• Contains hereditary material

26. Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Moves materials around
in cell
• Smooth type: lacks
ribosomes
• Rough type (pictured):
ribosomes embedded in
surface
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

27. Ribosomes
• Each cell contains
thousands
• Make proteins
• Found on ribosomes
& floating throughout
the cell
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

28. Mitochondria
• Produces energy through
chemical reactions –
breaking down fats &
carbohydrates
• Controls level of water and
other materials in cell
• Recycles and decomposes
proteins, fats, and
carbohydrates
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

29. Golgi Bodies
• Protein 'packaging
plant'
• Move materials within
the cell
• Move materials out of
the cell
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

30. Lysosome
• Digestive 'plant' for
proteins, fats, and
carbohydrates
• Transports undigested
material to cell
membrane for removal
• Cell breaks down if
lysosome explodes
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

31. Vacuoles
• Membrane-bound
sacs for storage,
digestion, and waste
removal
• Contains water
solution
• Help plants maintain
shape
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

32. Chloroplast
• Usually found in plant
cells
• Contains green
chlorophyll
• Where
photosynthesis takes
place
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html