CELC - Архитектура коммутаторов Catalyst 4500

Cisco Expo Club
2011

Архитектура коммутаторов
Catalyst 4500

Денисов Павел, системный инженер

Agenda
  Catalyst4500 chassis
  Supervisor modules
  Line cards
  Line cards architecture
  Sup7-E architecture
  Unicast packet walk
  Multicast packet walk
  Catalyst4500 IOS XE
  Flexible NetFlow

Presentation_ID © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 2

Catalyst4500 Chassis

Presentation_ID © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 3

Cisco Catalyst 4500E Series Chassis

WS-C4507R-E
7 slot chassis WS-C4510R-E
With Redundant 10 slot chassis with
Redundant supervisors
Supervisors

WS-C4503-E* WS-C4506-E*
3 slot chassis 6 slot chassis
With single With Single
Supervisor supervisor

• 3 and 6 slot chassis have supervisors in slot 1 and are non redundant chassis
( 1 supervisor only )


New Cisco Catalyst 4500E Series Chassis

WS-C4507R+E
7 slot chassis WS-C4510R+E
With Redundant 10 slot chassis with
Redundant supervisors
Supervisors

WS-C4503-E WS-C4507R+E WS-C4510R+E WS-C4506-E


Catalyst 4507R+E

WS-C4507R+E
2 Supervisors

5 Line Card Slots

240 Ports of 10/100/1000

11 RU Rack Units


Catalyst 4510R+E

WS-C4510R+E
2 Supervisor

8 Line Card Slots

384 Ports of 10/100/1000

14 RU Rack Units

Sup6L-E Not Supported


Supervisor modules


Cisco Catalyst 4500E Supervisor 7-E

WS-X45-Sup7-E
Dual Core CPU

USB

4 10G/1G Uplinks


Cisco Catalyst 4500E Supervisor 6-E

WS-X45-Sup6-E
10 G
Twin 1G Converter


Cisco Catalyst 4500E Supervisor 6L-E

WS-X45-Sup6L-E
10 G
Twin 1G Converter


Catalyst 4500E Supervisor Comparison

Bandwidth: 848 Gbps
Uplinks: 4x10G/4x1G
Performance

CPU: Dual Core 1.5
GHz
Bandwidth: 320 Gbps DRAM: 2 GB
Uplinks: 2x10G/4x1G Max Routes: 256 K
CPU: 1.3 GHz
DRAM: 512 MB
Bandwidth: 280 Gbps Max Routes: 256 K
Uplinks: 2x10G/4x1G
CPU: 1 GHz
DRAM: 512 MB
Max Routes: 57K

Supervisor 6L-E Supervisor 6-E Supervisor 7-E

Catalyst 4500E Supervisor Comparison
Performance
Feature Supervisor 6L-E Supervisor 6-E Supervisor 7-E

Switching Capacity 280 Gbps 320 Gbps 848Gbps

Throughput 225 Mpps ( 125 Mpps 250 Mpps ( 125 Mpps for IPv6) 250 Mpps ( 125 Mpps for
for IPv6 ) IPv6)
Bandwidth / Slot Upto 24G Upto 24G Upto 48G

CPU Single Core 1 GHz Single Core 1.3 GHz Dual Core 1.5 GHz

DRAM 512 MB 512 MB ( Upgradable to 1G ) 2G ( Upgradable to 4G)

Bootflash 128 MB 128 MB 1G

Scalability
Feature Supervisor 6L-E Supervisor 6-E Supervisor 7-E

Number of 10/100/1000 ports Upto 240 access Upto 384 access Upto 384 access
Upto 4 GE uplinks Upto 4 GE uplinks Upto 4 GE uplinks
Number of 10GE ports Upto 30 on Line cards Upto 30 on Line cards Upto 96 on Line cards
Upto 2 on Supervisors Upto 4 on Supervisors Upto 4 on Supervisors
NetFlow No Support No Support Native support 128K


Catalyst 4500E Investment Protection
24G 24G 48G
24G 24G 48G
24G 24G 48G
24G 24G 48G
Supervisor 6-E Supervisor 7-E Supervisor 7-E
Supervisor 6-E Supervisor 7-E Supervisor 7-E
24G 24G 48G
6G 24G 48G
6G 24G 48G
6G 24G 48G
WS-C4510R-E WS-C4510R-E WS-C4510R+E

24G 24G 48G
24G 24G 48G
Supervisor 6/6L-E Supervisor 7-E Supervisor 7-E
Supervisor 6/6L-E Supervisor 7-E Supervisor 7-E
24G 24G 48G
24G 24G 48G
24G 24G 48G
WS-C4507R-E WS-C4507R-E WS-C4507R+E

Line cards


Catalyst 4500E PoE Line Cards

WS-X4748-RJ45V+E
1 Gbps per port
30W per port (IEEE802.3at) on 48 ports


Catalyst 4500E PoE Line Cards

WS-X4648-RJ45V+E
1 Gbps per port (2:1 Oversubscribed)
30W per port (IEEE802.3at) on 24 ports


Catalyst 4500E Data Line Card

WS-X4648-RJ45-E
1 Gbps per port (2:1 Oversubscribed)
Data only


Catalyst 4500E 10G Fiber Line Card

WS-X4712-SFP+E
Flexibility of 10G/1G
2.5:1 Oversubscribed if all ports used for 10G
LR, SR, CX1, and LRM Optics



WS-X4606-X2-E
Flexibility of 10G/1G
2.5:1 Oversubscribed if all ports used for 10G
LR, SR, LX4, and LRM X2 Optics



WS-X4612-SFP-E

WS-X4624-SFP-E
12 Port GigE 24 Port GigE
SX and LX Optics SX and LX Optics


Line cards architecture


46xx and 47xx Line Card Speeds

Packet Processor
Bandwidth per Slot with 46XX series line card
3 Gbps

3 Gbps

3 Gbps

3 Gbps

3 Gbps

3 Gbps

3 Gbps

3 Gbps
  8 dedicated lanes to Supervisor
  Each lane operates at 3Gbps
E-Series 46xx Line Card

Packet Processor
Bandwidth per Slot with 47xx series line cards
6 Gbps

6 Gbps

6 Gbps

6 Gbps

6 Gbps

6 Gbps

6 Gbps

6 Gbps

  8 dedicated lanes to Supervisor
  Each lane runs at 6Gbps
E-Series 47xx Line Card


4606 Linecard Port Groups
  Groups of 12: 10/100/1000 or 1000 Mbps
  Groups of 3: 10 GE
  Groups of 6: 1 GE ports (TwinGig)

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Catalyst-4506-E# show hw-module module 3 port-group

Module Port-group Active Inactive
----------------------------------------------
3 1 Gi3/7-12 Te3/1-3
3 2 Te3/4-6 Gi3/13-18
Default


4712 Line Card Port Group

  Complete Flexibility of using 10G or 1G
  The port will always be named TenGigabitEthernet x/y irrespective of optic
being used

SUP7-E#show int status module 2

Port Name Status Vlan Duplex Speed Type
Te2/1 connected routed full 10G 10GBase-SR
Te2/2 connected 400 full auto 1000BaseSX
Te2/3 disabled 1 full auto No XCVR
<snip…..snip>


Sup7-E architecture


Supervisor 7E Block Diagram - Physical


Catalyst 4500E Sup7-E Dual Core CPU

  Sup 7-E has a dual-core (1.5GHz) CPU
  Increased control plane scalability
  Better routing , L2 convergence
  2GB DRAM by default , upgradable to 4GB
  Allows future Application hosting

SUP7-E#show process cpu

Core 0: CPU utilization for five seconds: 24%; one minute: 23%; five
minutes: 23%
Core 1: CPU utilization for five seconds: 24%; one minute: 19%; five
minutes: 19%
PID Runtime(ms) Invoked uSecs 5Sec 1Min 5Min TTY Process
1 915 918 997366 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 init
2 0 79 10810 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kthreadd
3 247 43563 5672 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 migration/0
4 57 5786 9923 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 ksoftirqd/0
5  236 41567 5700 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 migration/1

<SNIP>

Catalyst 4500E Sup7-E USB Support

  Support Image, Configuration storage, booting
  12 MB/s
  Supported size 4G
  Part number USB-X45-4GB-E

SUP7-E#directory usb0:

Directory of usb0:/

38 drwx 16384 Nov 3 2009 13:43:32 +00:00 .rollback_timer
66 -rwx 257615 Nov 16 2009 12:46:52 +00:00 startup-config


Catalyst 4500E Sup7-E Secure Digital Card

  External storage by SD card on Supervisor 7-E
  Average speed of data transfer between 10 MB/s – 20 MB/s
  Supported size 2G . PID MEM-X45-2GB-E
  Accessed by “dir disk0” command


Supervisor 7-E Uplink Configurations
  Supervisor 7-E uplinks can either operate in 10GE or 1GE mode
  All modes are non-blocking
  Any port can be used as 1GE or 10GE without any limitation
  Speed selection is dynamic based on Optic type SFP / SFP+
  Operationally simple
10GE 10GE 10GE 10GE 40G

1GE 1GE 1GE 1GE 4G

10GE 10GE 1GE 1GE 22G

1GE 10GE 10GE 1GE 22G


Redundant Supervisor Uplink Configurations
  Supervisor 7-E uplinks can either operate in 10GE or 1GE mode
  All modes are non-blocking
  Different port speeds can be used on the same or across
supervisors
  Speed selection is dynamic based on optic type SFP/SFP+
Inactive
  Operationally simple
10GE 10GE
40G
10GE 10GE

1GE 1GE
4G
1GE 1GE

10GE 1GE
22G
10GE 1GE


Supervisor 7E Packet Processor

Header Data Header Data

Provides Throughput

Shared Packet Memory (32 MB)
Parses Header
Data
RMON Port Statistics
Packet Processor
Header Header 802.1q Tagging/Untagging

Forwarding Engine

Supervisor 7E Forwarding Engine

Packet Lookup/Forward

Classification

Policing and Queuing

Replication


Supervisor 7E Forwarding Engine

Transmit Queue DMAC/SMAC
Used for CPU, Drop Lookup, STP, State
and Normal queues of VLANs

Used for Dynamic
Input ACL/QoS
Buffer Limiting

Stores VLAN Flood Creates NetFlow
L2/L3 Multicast Entries and enables
Receiver OIFs NetFlow features

Output Stores FIB and adjacency,
ACL/QoS Unicast and Multicast entries


Unicast packet walk


Supervisor 7E Packet Walk

Line Card Switch Backplane Line Card

Packet Processor

Forwarding Engine

NetFlow Engine


Supervisor 7E Unicast Packet Walk

Header Data


Data

Packet Processor
Header

Forwarding Engine


Packet Processor
Queue
Memory STP Lookup
Header

DBL Hash
Memory Input TCAM
Forwarding Engine
Replication NetFlow
Table Engine

Layer 2 Lookup
Spanning Tree Lookup
Forwarding
Output TCAM Lookup
Forwarding Source/Dest MAC Lookup
Lookup Decision for Layer 3 Lookup
Memory



Packet Processor
Queue
Memory STP Lookup

DBL Hash Header
Memory Input TCAM
Forwarding Engine
Replication NetFlow
Table Engine

Ingress ACL Permit/Deny
Forwarding Input QoS Policing
Forwarding
Output TCAM Lookup Input QoS Marking
Lookup
Memory



Packet Processor
Queue
Memory STP Lookup

DBL Hash
Memory Input TCAM
Forwarding Engine
Replication NLD
NetFlow
Header
Table Engine
NRD

NetFlow entries created/
updated
Forwarding
Output TCAM Lookup
Forwarding Microflow Policing + Input
Lookup Policing for the packet
Memory



Packet Processor
Queue
Memory STP Lookup

DBL Hash
Memory Input TCAM
Forwarding Engine
Replication NetFlow
Table Engine
Header

Layer 3 Lookup
Decision for replication
Forwarding
Output TCAM Lookup
Forwarding (multicast)
Lookup IPv4 and IPv6 FIB
Memory



Packet Processor
Queue
Memory STP Lookup

DBL Hash
Memory Input TCAM
Forwarding Engine
Replication NetFlow
Table Engine
Header

Egress ACL permit/deny
Forwarding Output policing
Forwarding
Output TCAM Lookup Marking
Lookup
Memory



Packet Processor
Queue
Memory STP Lookup

DBL Hash Header
Memory Input TCAM
Forwarding Engine
Replication NetFlow
Table Engine

Dynamic Buffer Limiting
Forwarding Avoid congestion in the
Forwarding
Output TCAM Lookup output queue
Lookup
Memory



Packet Processor
Queue
Header STP Lookup
Memory

DBL Hash
Memory Input TCAM
Forwarding Engine
Replication NetFlow
Table Engine

Forwarding Queued in queue memory
Forwarding
Output TCAM Lookup
Lookup
Memory



Packet Processor
Queue
Memory STP Lookup
Header

DBL Hash
Memory Input TCAM
Forwarding Engine
Replication NetFlow
NUD
Table Engine

New header sent out
Forwarding
Output TCAM Lookup
Forwarding Counters incremented
Lookup
Memory



Header Data


Data

Packet Processor
Header

Forwarding Engine

Multicast packet walk



Header Data


Data

Packet Processor
Header

Forwarding Engine

Supervisor 7E Multicast Packet Walk

Packet Processor
Queue
Memory STP Lookup
Replication
Module
DBL Hash
Memory
Header Input TCAM

Replication
Replication Queue
NetFlow
Table Engine

Forwarding Engine
Ingress ACL Permit/Deny
Forwarding Input Policing
Forwarding
Lookup
Memory



Packet Processor
Queue
Memory STP Lookup
Replication
Module
DBL Hash
Memory Input TCAM

Replication
Replication Queue NLD
NetFlow
Header
Table Engine
NRD

Forwarding Engine
NetFlow entries created/
updated
Forwarding
Output TCAM Lookup
Forwarding Microflow Policing + Input
Lookup Policing for the packet
Memory



Packet Processor
Queue
Memory STP Lookup
Replication
Module
DBL Hash
Memory Input TCAM

Replication
Replication Queue
NetFlow
Table Header Engine

Forwarding Engine
Layer 3 Lookup
Decision for replication
Forwarding
Output TCAM Lookup
Forwarding (multicast)
Lookup IPv4 and IPv6 FIB
Memory



Packet Processor
Queue
Memory STP Lookup
Replication
Module
DBL Hash
Memory Input TCAM

Replication
Replication Queue
Header NetFlow
Table Engine

Forwarding Engine
Entry Created in the
Replication Table which
Forwarding
Output TCAM Lookup
Forwarding includes number of copies of
Lookup the header
Memory



Packet Processor
Queue
Memory STP Lookup
Replication Header
Module
DBL Hash
Memory Input TCAM

Replication
Replication Queue
NetFlow
Table Engine

Forwarding Engine
Replication Module checks
Forwarding the Replication Table to make
Forwarding
Output TCAM Lookup header copies
Lookup
Memory



Packet Processor
Queue
Memory STP Lookup
Replication
Module
DBL Hash
Memory Input TCAM

Replication
Header
Replication Queue
NetFlow
Table Engine

Forwarding Engine
Headers queued in
Forwarding Replication Queue for
Forwarding
Output TCAM Lookup respective egress interfaces
Lookup
Memory



Packet Processor
Queue
Memory STP Lookup
Replication
Module
DBL Hash
Memory Input TCAM

Replication
Replication Queue
NetFlow
Header
Table Engine

Forwarding Engine
Egress ACL permit/deny
Forwarding Output policing
Forwarding
Lookup
Memory



Packet Processor
Queue
Memory STP Lookup
Replication
Module
DBL Hash
Header Input TCAM
Memory
Replication
Replication Queue
NetFlow
Table Engine

Forwarding Engine
Dynamic Buffer Limiting
Forwarding Avoid congestion in the
Forwarding
Output TCAM Lookup output queue
Lookup
Memory



Packet Processor
Queue
Header STP Lookup
Memory
Replication
Module
DBL Hash
Memory Input TCAM

Replication
Replication Queue
NetFlow
Table Engine

Forwarding Engine

Forwarding Queued in queue memory
Forwarding
Output TCAM Lookup
Lookup
Memory



Packet Processor
Queue
Memory STP Lookup
Header

DBL Hash
Memory Input TCAM
Forwarding Engine
Replication NetFlow
NUD
Table Engine

New header sent out
Forwarding
Output TCAM Lookup
Forwarding Counters incremented
Lookup
Memory



Header Data


Data

Packet Processor
Header

Forwarding Engine

Catalyst4500 IOS XE


Next-Gen OS Architecture
IOS Classic IOS XE

Hosted
Apps /
Features Service
Components
s

Infra
Mgmt Common Infrastructure / HA
Drivers Management Interface
Kernels Module Drivers
Kernel

  Modern IOS to enable multi-core CPU
  Allows Lower TCO capabilities such as silent roll, single sup ISSU
  Smooth migration and investment protection with consistent IOS look & feel
  Fast adoption of latest Borderless Networks Services
  Enables open application platform


Cisco Software Activation
With 15.0 IOS

Pre 15.0 IOS

Cisco Software Activation
IOS Reformation

  Universal IOS image. Feature
activation via license

  Separate IOS Images for Each   Ease of Ordering
Package
  Services on Demand
  Current Sup6/L-E series will
remain on this model   Supported only on Sup7-E and
future

Catalyst 4500 IOS Licensing

Enterprise Services

IP BASE
IP BASE
In Service Software
LAN BASE BGPv4
Upgrade
IS-IS
Stateful Switchover
Auto QoS EIGRP
EIGRP Stub
Energywise OSPF v2/v3
OSPF for Routed Access
POE + IEEE 802.3at PBR
QinQ
Flexlink+ VRF-Lite
IP SLA Responder
IGMP/MLD Snooping IP-SLA
Network Mobility Services
Rapid-PVST+ NSF
L2PT
IEEE 802.1x Multicast VRF-Lite
Multicast Routing
Smartports
Embedded Event Manager
PACL/VACL
HSRP/GLBP/VRRP


Flexible NetFlow


NetFlow

Network Operation
  Capacity Planning
  Network Performance Analysis
  Historic Performance and Trend Analysis
Security
  Real Time anomaly detection
  Eliminate network blind spots
Compliance
  User Accountability
  Enables Industry and Government regulations


Flexible NetFlow on Supervisor 7-E

  High performance
Next-gen ASIC enables scalable and high-performance NetFlow monitoring, supports
up to 128K cached flows

  Flexibility
User-defined flow records reusable in different flow monitors for different applications
with per-port, per-VLAN, or per-port-per-VLAN granularity

  Extensibility
In-depth traffic visibility allows monitoring extensive key and non-key fields, including
Layer 2, Layer 3 (IPv4 or IPv6), Layer 4 header fields

  Intelligent Customizable Event Policies
  Integration with EEM faciliates highly customizable event-driven policies
  Broad Partner Ecosystem
  Version 9 (the most flexible) format exported to a wide range of industry netflow
collectors


Traditional NetFlow vs. Flexible NetFlow
Fixed definition of flow record
globally
Traditional NetFlow Export only to one collector

Fixed 7 keys Export

NetFlow Cache

Flexible NetFlow Flow cache 1

Flow Monitor 1 Export Destination 1
IT team#1

Flow cache 2

Flow Monitor 2 Export Destination 2 Security
focused
Flow cache 3 analyzer

Flow Monitor 3 Destination 3
Export IT team#2

Flexible definition of flow records applied to Ability to export flow information to multiple
selected interface or VLAN collectors/analyzers

Flexible NetFlow Record: Key Fields

Interface IPv4 IPv6 Transport
Input Source IP address Source IP address ICMP Code

Destination IP address Destination IP address ICMP Type

Layer 2 Protocol Protocol IGMP Type
Dot1q priority Precedence Traffic Class TCP Source Port
Dot1q Vlan ID DSCP Flow Label TCP Destination Port
Source MAC address
TTL Total Length UDP Source Port
Destination MAC
Total Length Extension Headers** UDP Destination Port
address
DSCP

Next-header*

Hop-Limit
Is-multicast

--- New Key Fields in FnF

• Only first header is reported
** TBD

Flexible NetFlow Record: Non-Key Fields

Counters IPv4 IPv6
Bytes TTL Minimum Total Length Minimum
(32 bit counters)
TTL Maximum Total Length Maximum
Bytes Long
(64 bit counters) Fragmentation Flags* Option Header
Packets
ToS Hop-limit minimum
(32 bit counters)
Packets Long Hop-limit maximum
Transport
(64 bit counters)
TCP Flags: ACK, FIN, Routing
PSH, RST, SYN, URG
Forwarding Status
Interface
Output Timestamp Is-multicast

First Seen

Last Seen
--- New Non-Key Fields in FnF

*more fragment fields

Enterprise Class Catalyst 4500E

  Borderless Network Services
  Flexible NetFlow   End-End Campus Platform
  Power over Ethernet Plus   Open Application Platform
  Energy Efficient Ethernet   Easy Upgrades
  10ms Resiliency   Gig/10Gig upgrade flexibility
  IPv6 functionality   Standard service across access

848Gbps 82M+ 650K+ Industry Lower
System Ports Chassis Leadership TCO

All specifications subject to change without notice


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CELC - Архитектура коммутаторов Catalyst 4500

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