The document summarizes the first day of a symposium on sustainable energy. It describes three panel sessions: 1. The opening plenary set the stage by examining drivers of sustainable energy and stakeholder perspectives. Speakers discussed Canada's clean tech opportunity and industry leadership in low-carbon solutions. 2. The second session presented the case for carbon pricing policies and optimal design principles. Upstream pricing and sufficiently high long-term carbon prices were recommended to drive innovation. 3. The final session argued that addressing climate change presents economic opportunities in clean performance and innovation. Government policies are needed to create market demand to accelerate innovation in low-carbon technologies.

1. `
1
SYMPOSIUM
2016
“Moving
Towards
Sustainable
Energy”
October
20-­‐21
-­‐
Ottawa,
ON
SESSION
SUMMARIES

2. `
2
Day One -­ October 20th, 2016
1. Plenary:
The
Big
Picture
Moderator:
Bruce
Lourie
Objective:
Setting
the
stage
for
the
symposium
discussion
by
examining
what
is
driving
sustainable
energy
and
what
each
stakeholder
brings
to
the
table.
Merran
Smith:
The
promise
of
Canada’s
clean
tech.
Merran
Smith
is
the
executive
director
of
Clean
Energy
Canada.
Canada’s
clean
tech
opportunity
arises
from
the
lowering
cost
of
electric
vehicles
and
renewables.
The
electric
vehicle
is
predicted
to
be
competitive
with
other
options
within
the
next
decade.
Canadian
investment
in
clean
energy
has
gone
down,
and
we
are
behind
due
to
two
decades
of
a
lack
of
acknowledgement
that
things
were
changing.
China
is
taking
advantage
of
this
opportunity
by
investing
money
in
the
infrastructure
for
electric
vehicles.
Canada
has
an
opportunity
to
be
a
leader.
Linda
Coady:
Industry
leadership
in
charting
a
new
course
for
energy
supply.
Linda
Coady
is
Chief
Sustainability
Officer
for
Enbridge.
Ms.
Coady
highlighted
the
role
of
industry
leadership
in
charting
a
new
course
for
energy
supply.
Customers
want
to
go
in
the
direction
of
a
low
carbon
economy,
which
is
seen
in
their
energy
choices.
The
energy
transition,
then,
is
being
driven
by
business
fundamentals.
This
message
has
been
received
by
industry.
The
big
picture
has
changed:
some
major
oil
and
gas
industry
players
in
the
energy
sector
are
at
the
carbon
table,
signifying
a
pivotal
moment
in
climate
issues.
The
resources
these
players
bring
indicate
a
shift.
However,
all
Canadians
need
to
be
able
to
see
themselves
as
part
of
the
conversation
at
the
table
of
green
growth.
Negative
responses
from
people
could
be
from
fear
that
there
isn’t
a
place
for
them
in
the
future.
The
conversation
needs
to
reflect
the
imperative
of
low
and
no
carbon
alternatives,
and
the
ability
of
energy
sources
to
deliver
energy.
The
more
inclusive
the
process,
the
better.

3. `
3
Ian
Parry:
The
case
for
and
design
of
broader
energy
pricing
policies.
Ian
Parry
is
the
Principal
Environment
Fiscal
Policy
Expert
in
the
Fiscal
Affairs
Department
of
the
International
Monetary
Fund
(IMF).
There
are
two
advantages
of
carbon
pricing:
1.
Carbon
prices
are
environmentally
effective.
2.
Carbon
prices
raise
revenues.
However,
the
design
of
the
carbon
price
needs
to
be
done
properly.
For
example,
upstream
charges
on
the
content
of
fuel
supply
because
downstream
trading
misses
about
half
of
the
CO2
emissions,
and
a
price
that
is
high
enough
(~$100
in
2030)
to
match
emissions
that
are
consistent
with
international
agreements.
The
revenues
obtained
from
the
carbon
price
need
to
be
used
productively,
such
as
a
neutral
tax
shift,
or
for
public
spending.
Timing
of
the
price
is
also
important—countries
need
to
get
started
now,
and
ramp
it
up
over
time.
The
prices
that
exist
in
the
world
are
not
high
enough.
Internationally,
large
emitters
should
contemplate
price
floors
(can
be
increased),
which
would
promote
predictability
which
is
critical
for
mobilizing
innovation
investment
into
low
emission
technologies.
Stewart
Elgie:
Climate
responsibility
meets
economic
opportunity
Stewart
Elgie
is
a
professor
of
law
and
economics
at
the
University
of
Ottawa,
and
the
founder
and
chair
of
the
Smart
Prosperity
Institute
(formerly
Sustainable
Prosperity).
The
fear
that
addressing
the
problem
will
be
costly
is
holding
us
back
from
acting.
So,
the
challenge
is
to
convince
people
who
care
more
about
the
economy
than
the
environment
to
act.
How
can
we
do
this?
Green,
low
carbon
growth
is
an
economic
opportunity.
The
keys
to
success
are
going
to
be
clean
performance,
using
resources
efficiently,
and
clean
innovation.
How
can
we
accelerate
clean
innovation?
It
is
important
to
understand
how
innovation
works,
notably,
that
it
requires
public
and
private
investment.
Clean
innovation
is
different
because
the
thing
you
are
innovating
around
does
not
have
a
market
price.
The
demand
for
clean
innovation
is
driven
by
government
action.
Smart
government
action
is
vital
to
driving
clean
innovation
and
driving
the
low
carbon
economy.
You
need
to
create
demand
at
the
end
of
the
innovation
policy.
Three
key
features
of
policy:
1. Stringency-­‐
the
idea
that
stringent
policies
will
hurt
the
economy
is
false.
2. Flexibility-­‐
when
there
is
a
price
on
pollution,
you
can
make
money
by
cutting
pollution.

4. `
4
3. Predictability-­‐
predictability
is
important
because
the
goal
is
to
get
firms
to
invest
in
products
that
will
be
available
years
later.
The
process
is
driven
by
market
expectations.
2. Plenary:
Government
Leadership
and
Action
Moderator:
Velma
McColl
Objective:
Understand
what
motivates
government
leaders
to
move
ahead
of
the
pack
on
sustainable
energy
policy,
and
implications
for
their
communities
David
Chernushenko:
Steps
the
City
of
Ottawa
can
take
to
become
a
leader.
David
Chernushenko
has
been
a
City
Councillor
in
Ottawa
since
2010.
Mr.
Chernushenko
spoke
from
the
experiences
he
has
had
in
striving
to
make
a
difference
in
addressing
climate
change.
Some
of
the
challenges
come
from
the
local
context,
specifically,
the
politics.
It
is
more
about
the
politics
than
the
technology.
The
further
away
from
the
core
you
go,
the
less
liberal
the
votes
tend
to
get.
These
politics
can
keep
us
from
acting.
The
Ottawa
mayor
understands
climate
change,
but
there
are
other
priorities.
We
need
leadership
from
the
top,
and
a
majority
of
council.
Mr.
Chernushenko
has
adapted
plans
and
ambitions
to
address
difficulties.
For
example:
by
selling
a
transition
and
only
including
items
in
the
plan
that
have
a
leadership
partner.
This
is
an
economic
opportunity.
Andrea
Reimer:
Drivers
related
to
the
City
of
Vancouver’s
leadership
action
on
climate
and
energy.
Councillor
Andrea
Reimer
has
led
the
City
of
Vancouver’s
efforts
to
be
the
Greenest
City
in
the
world
by
2020.
Ms.
Reimer
set
the
stage
for
her
presentation
by
highlighting
that
it
is
an
important
time
to
be
connecting
on
the
critical
issue
of
climate
change.
Turning
aspiration
into
action
requires
that
local
governments
act.
Vancouver
has
low
per
capita
emissions,
and
is
the
fourth
greenest
city
on
Earth.
These
accomplish-­‐
ments
have
been
achieved
while
Vancouver
was
growing
as
a
city
and
with
Prime
Minister
Stephen
Harper.
So,
cities
can
take
action,
even
without
federal
support.
Municipalities
have
few
legislative
tools
and
one
fiscal
tool.
Successfully
achieving
objectives
requires
effective
partners,
engagement
and
an
accountability
framework.
Vancouver
does
not
view
partners
as
junior
partners,
and
the
federal
government
should
not
view
municipalities
as

5. `
5
junior
partners
either.
Vancouver
believes
they
have
a
shot
at
owning
the
future,
and
want
the
federal
government
to
see
them
that
way.
Amin
Asadollahi:
The
Paris
Agreement,
and
the
role
for
subnational
governments:
the
impact
of
climate
change
on
cities
and
building
climate
resilience
in
a
world
that
is
becoming
increasingly
carbon
constrained.
Amin
Asadollahi
is
the
North
American
lead
for
climate
mitigation
at
the
International
Institute
for
Sustainable
Development
(IISD).
Mr.
Asadollahi
highlighted
the
impact
of
climate
change
on
cities
and
the
importance
of
climate
leadership
in
subnational
governments.
Climate
change
is
a
global
phenomenon
and
local
impacts
that
are
felt
regardless
of
one’s
own
emissions.
Cities
will
pay
the
price.
Resiliency
and
adaptation
are
key
to
moving
forward.
The
Paris
Agreement
recognized
that
adaptation
is
a
global
challenge
faced
by
local
governments.
There
is
an
urgent
need
for
the
developing
countries
and
those
most
vulnerable
to
act.
It
is
also
important
to
prepare
our
economies
to
compete
in
a
world
that
is
becoming
increasingly
carbon
constrained.
Cities
will
continue
to
grow,
so
there
is
an
increasing
burden
to
adapt
and
accommodate.
Brock
Carlton:
Enhanced
federal
investments
will
help
foster
greater
resiliency,
stronger
communities,
and
contribute
to
Canada’s
international
commitments.
Brock
Carlton
is
the
Chief
Executive
Officer
of
the
Federation
of
Canadian
Municipalities.
Municipalities
are
an
enormous
opportunity
to
capture
emissions
because
municipalities
are
responsible
for
50%
of
the
emissions.
There
is
a
growing
global
network
of
mayors
and
they
are
working
through
the
relevant
politics.
This
network
will
be
the
global
network,
developing
real
credibility
and
working
towards
outcomes.
However,
municipalities
cannot
foster
greater
resiliency
on
their
own.
They
need
federal
and
provincial
support.
The
federal
government
has
three
roles:
1. Leadership
to
set
targets,
such
as
carbon
pricing.
2. Make
smart
investment
in
the
program,
such
as
infrastructure.
3. Convener
role,
where
the
federal
government
gets
the
municipalities,
provinces,
territories
and
federal
governments
together.

6. `
6
3. VIP
Keynote:
Honourable
Catherine
McKenna:
Minister
of
Environment
and
Climate
Change
Canada
The
Honourable
Catherine
McKenna
The
Honourable
Catherine
McKenna
delivered
messages
of
an
optimistic
future
for
Canada.
Leadership
is
what
is
needed
now.
The
impacts
of
climate
change
are
already
being
seen.
Prince
Edward
Island,
for
example,
has
lost
46
centimeters
of
coastline.
The
sea
level
could
rise
by
one
meter,
which
would
be
devastating
to
the
coastal
communities.
We
have
an
opportunity
to
create
a
better
world
for
future
generations.
Across
the
country,
we
need
to
renew
infrastructure
and
spark
innovation.
We
need
to
send
a
strong
signal
that
Canada
intends
to
lead.
Canadians
want
cleaner
transportation,
more
energy
efficient
buildings,
and
cleaner
energy.
Canada
must
accelerate
the
adoption
of
electrical
vehicles
by
creating
networks
and
supporting
key
infrastructure.
Canadians
can
save
money
on
energy
bills
if
we
update
building
codes
and
retrofit
old
buildings.
Money
spent
on
infrastructure
contributes
to
GDP:
one
dollar
spent
on
energy
efficiency
programs
generates
$4-­‐$8
in
GDP.
There
is
a
global
shift
towards
renewable
power.
This
is
an
opportunity
for
Canada.
Our
clean
energy
sector
is
growing
faster
than
the
others,
and
global
demand
for
clean
technology
is
rising.
We
need
to
get
a
greater
share
of
the
global
clean
technology
market.
We
have
ratified
The
Paris
Agreement,
and
the
government
has
a
plan
to
price
carbon.
The
carbon
price
will
help
us
reach
targets
and
will
provide
certainty
to
markets.
The
price
of
carbon
starts
at
a
minimum
of
$10/tonne
a
year,
and
will
increase
by
$10/tonne
a
year
until
it
reaches
$50/tonne.
The
carbon
price
is
flexible
for
the
provinces
and
territories
because
the
provinces
will
keep
revenues.
Provinces
have
shown
bold
leadership.
Businesses
are
showing
strong
support.
Over
20
companies
formed
the
Carbon
Pricing
Leadership
Coalition.
They
do
think
climate
change
is
happening,
and
believe
that
the
carbon
price
is
the
fair
response.
Pricing
carbon
sends
a
clear
market
signal,
unleashes
the
potential
of
inventors,
engineers
and
entrepreneurs
to
innovate
and
creates
green
jobs.
Paris
Agreement
was
a
great
opportunity.
We
have
finally
come
together
to
reduce
pollution.
The
federal
government,
provinces
and
territories
agreed
to
tackle
climate
change
in
The
Vancouver
Declaration.
This
sets
a
low
carbon
economy
foundation
in
Canada,
and
emphasizes
the
need
for
dialogue
and
collaboration
for
indigenous
groups.
We
are
moving
to
low
carbon
future.
Clean
energy
revolution
is
also
going
to
alter
transportation,
built
environment,
and
jobs.
Canada
will
be
a
leader
in
this
economy.

7. `
7
4. Plenary:
What
does
advanced
economy
look
like
in
the
post
hydrocarbon
economy?
Moderator:
Céline
Bak
Ellen
McGregor
Ellen
McGregor
is
President
and
CEO
of
Fielding
Environmental.
She
spoke
from
the
perspective
of
a
company
that
takes
hazardous
waste
and
turns
it
into
new
products.
They
take
waste
like
ethylene
glycol
and
turn
it
into
antifreeze.
They
use
cradle
to
cradle
care
of
chemicals,
protecting
the
air,
soil,
and
water.
Their
work
protects
the
use
and
reuse
of
the
oil.
They
convert
it
into
greenhouse
gas
abatement,
which
is
good
for
the
economy.
The
three
R’s,
reduce,
reuse,
and
recycle
are
at
of
the
management
hierarchy,
then
below
that
you
have
mobility
to
send
chemicals
to
a
deep
well.
It’s
okay
to
bury
them,
burn
it
as
a
fuel.
It’s
a
way
to
consume
what
can
be
recovered
before
we
get
to
the
three
R’s.
We
need
smarter
policy
to
encourage
the
R’s
as
part
of
the
green
economy.
Andrée-­‐Lise
Méthot
Andrée-­‐Lise
Méthot
is
founder
and
Managing
Partner
at
Cycle
Capital
Management.
Ms.
Méthot
discussed
some
of
Canada’s
strengths
and
weaknesses,
and
made
recommendations
about
what
should
be
done
about
them.
Their
study
found
that
Canada
is
strong
in
publications.
However,
Canada
is
weak
in
protecting
intellectual
property
with
patents
(academic
and
industrial)
relative
to
the
US
and
China.
Canada
is
very
good
at
producing
ideas
but
we
don’t
follow
up.
To
fix
this,
we
need
the
right
policy:
we
need
to
protect
intellectual
property.
However,
before
we
can
build
the
green
economy,
we
need
to
make
sure
we
have
solid
foundations.
The
companies
that
raise
money
in
the
market
are
mostly
owned
by
non-­‐Canadian
investors.
Why?
We
produce
research,
we
don’t
protect
it,
we
have
a
good
tax
system,
good
labs,
good
grants,
and
good
policy.
But
at
the
end
of
the
day,
we
own
nothing.
A
lack
of
partners
is
a
part
of
the
problem.
We
need
to
protect
our
ideas,
we
to
support
start-­‐ups
and
entrepreneurs,
and
we
need
a
larger
fund.

8. `
8
Leah
Lawrence
Leah
Lawrence
is
the
President
and
CEO
of
Sustainable
Development
Technology
Canada.
To
decarbonize
or
transform
into
something
fundamentally
different,
it
is
going
to
take
different
thinking,
it
is
going
to
take
new
technology,
finesse,
public
policy,
engagement
of
civil
society.
Technology
is
only
the
first
step,
and
will
not
be
sufficient
for
success.
The
technology
needs
to
be
adopted
hundreds
of
thousands
of
times,
and
society
needs
to
be
excited
about
it,
and
recognize
the
significance
of
it.
There
are
companies
in
Canada
that
have
great
ideas
and
they
are
willing
to
scale
up.
The
challenge
is
how
to
make
sure
the
policy
environment
and
the
‘big
idea
environment’
that
has
been
fostered
is
brought
together
to
work
for
Canadian
companies.
5. Plenary:
Plenary
Interview:
Financing
Sustainable
Energy
Moderator:
Mark
Jaccard
Tom
Rand:
Is
carbon
pricing
enough,
or
are
other
policy
accelerants
needed?
Tom
Rand
is
Managing
Partner
of
ArcTern
Ventures
and
Senior
Advisor
at
MaRS
Discovery
District.
1. Carbon
price
–
the
carbon
price
can
unlock
the
creativity
of
the
market,
and
harness
the
market
to
avoid
damages.
We
have
very
little
time,
and
the
urgency
of
response
means
incremental
adjustments
are
insufficient.
A
more
radical
market
intervention
is
needed.
A
steep
increase
in
carbon
price
is
required,
but
that
would
be
more
likely
to
cause
harm.
So,
the
carbon
price
should
be
complemented
with
regulations.
2. Regulations
–regulations
work
well
when
there
is
a
small
targeted
set
of
pollutants
and
known
solutions
exist.
For
carbon,
you
don’t
know
the
solutions
yet—you
want
the
market
to
find
it.
3. Subsidies
–
subsidies
are
not
sustainable,
but
there
are
exceptions
(such
as
public
transit
subsidies)
4. Green
banks
–
green
banks
are
arms-­‐length
institutions
that
have
independent
governance
with
a
very
defined
public
mandate.
It
is
there
to
catalyse
private
investment
and
enable
the
private
sector.
They
make
a
short
circuit
between
when

9. `
9
funding
is
needed
for
next
generation
technologies,
and
when
the
private
investors
are
willing
to
invest.
Green
banks
may
change
the
risk
profile
of
investments.
Alternatively,
green
banks
can
bundle
multiple
smaller
investments
in
a
fund
to
make
it
more
accessible
to
institutional
investors.
Green
bonds
are
a
public-­‐private
cooperation
where
the
government
backs
bonds
to
support
projects
that
are
not
able
to
receive
private
funding.
The
government
only
pays
if
the
bonds
default,
so
this
is
an
effective
way
for
the
government
to
support
clean
tech
investment.
It
would
increase
competition
between
provinces,
because
they
would
be
competing
for
the
federal
money
by
showing
they
had
the
lowest
risk.
6. Plenary:
Built
Environments,
Energy
Efficiency
and
Health
Moderator:
Lisa
DeMarco
Objective:
How
we
can
collectively
change
our
current
and
future
buildings
to
meet
climate
health
and
comfort
needs.
Patricia
Fuller:
Contributing
to
Canada’s
climate
change
goals
through
energy
efficiency
in
the
built
environment.
Patricia
Fuller
is
the
Director
General
of
the
Office
of
Energy
Efficiency
with
Natural
Resources
Canada.
Ms.
Fuller
talked
about
energy
efficiency.
The
jurisdiction
is
complicated
by
federalism.
The
federal
government
has
a
mandate
to
regulate
appliance
standards
and
building
codes
as
well
as
voluntary
standards
like
Energy
Star.
Provinces
usually
base
their
programs
on
the
standards
offered
at
the
national
level,
which
contributes
to
harmonization.
There
are
many
opportunities
for
improvement.
New
buildings
are
being
built
to
be
net
zero
energy
ready;
a
building
that
is
efficient
enough
that
it
produces
all
the
energy
it
needs
to
operate
with
zero
waste
or
emissions.
It
is
also
possible
to
retrofit
existing
buildings,
apply
higher
standards
to
space
and
water
heating
technologies,
and
label
energy
use
in
buildings.
Three
keys
to
success
in
advancing
Canada’s
climate
plan
are
collaborating
with
provinces
and
territories,
collaboration
with
north
American
partners,
and
innovation.

10. `
10
Gregory
Richardson:
Measures
needed
to
reduce
health
impacts
related
to
climate
change,
from
buildings
to
infrastructure,
and
land
use
management.
Gregory
Richardson
is
a
Policy
Analyst
in
the
Climate
Change
and
Innovation
Bureau
at
Health
Canada.
Mr.
Richardson
focused
on
extreme
heat
events
and
urban
heat
islands.
Extreme
heat
is
deadly,
and
the
number
of
extreme
heat
days
has
been
increasing.
Urban
heat
islands
are
hotter
than
the
countryside.
The
design
of
the
built
environment
can
increase
urban
heat
in
the
summer.
For
example,
the
use
of
dark
surfaces
(tar
roofs,
asphalt
roads,
etc.)
magnify
the
heat
and
thus,
the
health
impacts
during
heat
waves.
Also,
poorly
designed
buildings
can
trap
heat
and
increase
the
temperatures.
Actions
at
the
building
scale
are
increasing
insulation
in
the
building
envelope,
maximizing
natural
ventilation,
increasing
solar
protection,
and
installing
energy-­‐efficient
appliances.
At
the
urban
scale,
increasing
vegetation
cover,
retrofitting
buildings
to
reduce
heat,
and
installing
cool
surface
materials
(like
cool
pavements,
building
facades,
and
roofs).
Elizabeth
McDonald:
Tapping
the
vast
potential
to
integrate
efficiency
and
renewable
energy
into
our
buildings.
Elizabeth
McDonald
is
the
President
and
CEO
of
the
Canadian
Energy
Efficiency
Alliance
(CEEA).
Ms.
McDonald
talked
about
the
strengths
of
energy
efficiency,
and
what
can
be
done
to
take
advantage
of
its
potential.
Energy
efficiency
important
in
meeting
the
climate
change
goals,
and
it
has
a
proven
track
record
in
delivering
on
promise
and
cost,
it
is
the
strongest
option
for
job
creation,
easy
public
support,
and
it
saves
money
directly.
Buildings
are
critical
for
meeting
emission
goals
because
they
contribute
nearly
25%
of
national
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
What
can
be
done?
1. Set
goal
of
improving
Canada’s
building
sector
which
includes
a
declared
national
goal
and
an
outline
of
the
government’s
intentions.
Setting
a
clear
vision
for
the
future
will
help
guide
investments.
2. Give
people
access
to
information
on
energy
use
and
reporting.
Reliable
data
on
energy
and
water
usage
helps
target
reductions
and
motivates
occupants
to
be
more
efficient.
3. The
progressive
application
of
codes
and
standards
will
protect
consumers
and
establish
industry
with
certainty.
Improved
energy
efficiency
standards
are
key
to
reducing
emissions
in
Canadian
homes
and
buildings.

11. `
11
4. Strategic
use
of
public
funds
because
public
funds
are
not
enough
to
accelerate
investment
in
energy
efficiency.
So,
it
is
important
to
strategically
use
public
funds
to
incentivize
private
funds.
5. Government
to
lead
by
example—public
investment
in
public
buildings
to
help
accelerate
demand
and
innovation.
Jay
Nordenstrom:
Passively
Aggressive
Jay
Nordenstrom
is
the
Executive
Director
of
NAIMA
Canada.
Mr.
Nordenstrom
discussed
energy
efficiency
from
the
perspective
of
insulation.
Insulation
can
have
a
70%
reduction
in
emissions.
However,
the
paybacks
are
not
immediate,
and
if
it
isn’t
immediate,
there
is
a
lack
of
interest.
Some
levers
to
the
problem
are
to
rationalize
the
market,
and
get
people
to
make
decisions
on
things
they
are
already
spending
money
on.
Empower
Canadians
to
make
their
own
contribution
to
climate
change
with
what
they
can
do
in
their
own
space.
incentives
must
be
designed
properly
too,
though.
7. Transportation
and
Low
Carbon
fuels
Moderator:
Stephanie
Thorson
Objective:
Strategies
and
potential
for
various
transportation
fuels
to
contribute
to
Canada’s
GHG
reduction
targets.
Aaron
Hoskin:
The
federal
government’s
approach
to
low
carbon
transportation
now
and
in
the
future
Aaron
Hoskin
is
a
Senior
Advisor
in
the
Transportation
and
Alternative
Fuels
Division
of
the
Office
of
Energy
Efficiency
at
Natural
Resources
Canada.
Transportation
is
regulated
by
federal
and
provincial/territorial
regulations,
and
the
transportation
sector
moves
across
jurisdictions.
Canada
is
a
world
leader
in
many
electric
vehicle
technologies
and
the
provinces
are
moving
faster
than
the
federal
government
in
supporting
electrical
vehicles
in
some
aspects.
However,
we
need
more
effort
to
achieve
30%
reduction
in
emissions.
The
Pan-­‐Canadian
framework
on
clean
growth
and
climate
change
has
five
areas
where
there
are
opportunities
to
reduce
emissions
from
on-­‐road
transportation:
regulations,
infrastructure,

12. `
12
low
carbon
fuels,
passenger
vehicles,
and
heavy
duty
vehicles.
The
keys
to
success
are
in
collaboration
across
government
levels,
North
American
coordination,
and
continued
innovation
and
development.
Cara
Clairman:
Current
status,
growth
projections
and
overcoming
barriers
to
development.
Cara
Clairman
is
the
President
and
CEO
of
Plug’n
Drive.
Electrical
vehicles
have
a
strong
business
case
because
they
are
cheaper
and
have
lower
(relative
to
gas)
emissions.
Education
is
needed
to
inform
the
consumer
and
address
their
concerns,
which
is
currently
a
lot
of
one-­‐on-­‐one
communication.
There
have
been
sales
of
electrical
vehicles
in
Canada,
but
there
is
still
a
supply
problem
in
Canada.
Andrea
Kent:
The
future
of
biofuels
and
their
potential
role
in
our
transition
to
a
low
carbon
economy.
Andrea
Kent
is
the
President
of
Renewable
Industries
Canada.
Canadian
emissions
have
never
declined
in
Canada,
which
is
part
of
the
challenge.
Biofuels
can
help,
because
the
transportation
sector
contributes
nearly
25%
of
the
country’s
total
GHG
emissions.
Biofuels
are
a
clean
source
of
fuel
that
is
already
in
the
market
and
does
not
require
behavioral
changes.
Biofuels
are
a
‘here
and
now’
solution
and
offer
the
quickest
route
to
greenhouse
gas
emission
reductions
in
the
transport
sector.
So,
it
makes
sense
to
expand
and
strengthen
their
use.
The
transportation
sector
does
need
various
policies
such
as
a
carbon
price,
and
biofuels
mandates
working
together.
Jennifer
Green:
How
renewable
natural
gas
(RNG)
can
lower
GHG
emissions
from
the
challenging
heavy
duty
vehicle
sector
Jennifer
Green
is
Executive
Director
of
the
Canadian
Biogas
Association.
Ms.
Green
explained
that
renewable
natural
gas
is
an
upgrade
of
biogas.
Biogas
is
produced
from
organic
waste:
collect
the
gas,
purify
it,
and
bring
it
to
the
fuel
station.
RNG
is
the
next
renewable
fuel
because
of
strong
economic
case
and
the
positive
environmental
benefits.
Greenhouse
gases
can
be
reduced
by
up
to
30%
buy
switching
to
compressed
natural
gas
from
diesel.
RNG
has
the
potential
to
be
a
carbon
negative
fuel.

13. `
13
8. iPoliticsLive:
Carbon
pricing
and
Economic
Growth
Moderator:
Chris
Ragan
Theme:
Governments
across
the
country
need
to
work
together
to
address
climate
change.
A
Pan-­‐Canada
pricing
system
is
proving
to
be
a
unique
challenge,
made
all
the
more
difficult
in
a
low-­‐growth
world.
The
participants
in
this
session
were
Elyse
Allan,
Dominic
Barton,
and
Dr.
Paul
Boothe.
Elyse
Allen
is
the
President
and
CEO
of
GE
Canada,
Dominic
Barton
is
the
Global
Managing
Director
of
McKinsey
and
Company,
and
Dr.
Paul
Boothe
is
the
Managing
Director
for
the
Trillium
Network
for
Advanced
Manufacturing.
Elyse
Allan
Dominic
Barton
Dr.
Paul
Boothe
Mr.
Barton
said
there
is
a
need
for
economic
growth
in
Canada.
The
GDP
growth
rate
is
dropping
and
will
get
worse
with
time
because
of
aging
demographics.
We
can
do
something
about
it,
but
if
we
do
not,
it
will
be
bad.
Dr.
Booth
added
that
to
reduce
emissions,
we
need
to
find
the
way
with
the
lowest
cost
of
achieving
targets
before
we
work
out
the
details,
and
we
need
good
regulations
and
carbon
pricing.
The
expense
put
into
context
is
a
very
small
amount
of
the
GDP.
Ms.
Allan
said
innovation
addresses
the
growth
challenge,
and
we
have
a
capacity
to
innovate.
Carbon
pricing
establishes
a
goal
as
well
as
economic
incentives
to
innovate.
We
are
innovating
to
solve
a
problem
that
others
have
too.
If
we
solve
it,
we
could
scale
it
up
and
export
it.
It
would
be
a
‘fantastic
win.’

14. `
14
Dr.
Booth
explained
why
carbon
pricing
works:
carbon
pricing
works
because
it
sends
a
clear
signal
telling
people
to
change
their
behavior.
A
surprising
result
of
the
carbon
price
from
BC
was
salience,
just
getting
people
to
think
about
carbon
has
a
positive
impact
on
their
behavior.
Mr.
Barton
added
carbon
pricing
will
unleash
research
and
development
because
it
the
carbon
price
provides
a
goal
and
a
signal.
Price
as
a
signal
should
not
be
underestimated.
Ms.
Allan
talked
about
tangible
examples
of
innovation
connected
to
carbon
pricing.
15
years
ago,
people
cared
about
the
environment,
but
were
unwilling
to
pay.
So,
suppliers
couldn’t
sell
their
products.
It
makes
sense
to
innovate
above
and
beyond,
to
do
more
than
they
were
doing
because
then
the
economics
are
more
compelling.
A
question
asked
of
each
of
them
was
about
whether
there
is
disagreement
about
direct
support
for
clean
tech
or
can
the
carbon
price
be
sufficient.
Ms.
Allan
said
that
support
for
clean
tech
might
be
transitional,
because
although
carbon
price
is
an
incentive,
it
is
a
challenge
on
equipment
with
a
20-­‐year
life.
Mr.
Barton’s
response
was
that
that
responsible
regulation,
such
as
having
parallel
regulations
with
the
US
so
trade
is
not
hindered
by
environmental
regulations.
Paul
added
that
regulation
has
a
role
in
big
projects;
carbon
sequestration
could
take
collaboration
between
multiple
countries.
When
asked
about
where
to
send
the
revenue,
Ms.
Allan
said
to
put
it
towards
innovation,
Mr.
Barton
said
to
keep
the
revenue
neutral
until
more
people
are
doing
it
to
keep
an
eye
on
how
competitive
you
are.
Dr.
Boothe
discussed
the
realization
that
there
is
a
disproportionate
effect
on
certain
income
brackets,
Closing
remarks
were
that
to
get
full
efficiency
benefits,
we
need
to
take
additional
step
related
to
carbon
pricing
and
embrace
carbon
pricing,
instead
of
carbon
tax.
It
is
a
price,
it
is
positive.

15. `
15
Day Two -­ October 21st, 2016
9. VIP
Keynote:
Honourable
Jim
Carr,
Minister
of
Natural
Resources
Canada
Honourable
Jim
Carr
There
is
value
in
the
relationship
between
us,
the
land,
air,
and
water.
Indigenous
people
have
taught
us
that
when
we
make
decisions
that
impact
this
relationship,
there
are
generational
responsibilities.
Climate
change
and
sustainable
development
is
not
a
partisan
issue,
and
cannot
be
partisan.
The
debate
around
climate
change
has
changed
around
the
world.
The
subject
is
‘how
do
we
move
away
from
a
carbon
energy
economy
to
a
lower
carbon
energy
economy,
and
what
is
our
role
as
an
energy
exporter
in
that?’
Some
want
to
leave
the
oil
in
the
ground,
they
want
to
leave
the
wealth
in
the
ground.
The
alternative
is
to
use
the
wealth
of
the
old
energy
economy
to
finance
the
new
energy
economy.
It
does
need
to
be
done
responsibly.
There
is
current
government
action
across
a
range
of
objectives,
including
investments
in
infrastructure,
such
as
charging
stations
for
electrical
vehicles,
a
low
carbon
fund,
and
a
green
infrastructure
bank.
The
Government
of
Canada
has
undergone
transformations
to
say
we
are
world
leaders
in
this
transition.
Green
technology
is
on
the
cutting
edge,
and
we
need
innovation
and
entrepreneurship.
There
will
always
be
people
who
don’t
think
the
targets
are
good
enough.
We
are
not
going
to
get
unanimity
in
anything.
However,
most
Canadians
are
in
the
middle.
The
middle
is
to
take
resources
to
market
sustainably
during
the
transition
period
to
renewable
energy
and
low
carbon
economy.
The
previous
regulatory
processes
didn’t
have
the
credibility
and
confidence
of
the
people,
so
this
government
amended
it
towards
modernization.
This
government
is
changing
the
way
they
do
environmental
assessments.
They
have
interim
principles
to
guide
the
government
on
major
energy
projects,
such
as
pipelines.
Indigenous
people
must
be
part
of
the
solution;
prosperity
must
be
shared.
Income
inequality
and
climate
change
are
two
very
important
issues
of
our
time.
Moving
forward
towards
balance
and
consensus
between
environmental
stewardship
and
economic
growth.
Everyone
needs
to
work
together
to
reach
this
common
goal.

16. `
16
10. Mobilizing
Canadians
Moderator:
Elizabeth
McDonald
Objective:
Progress
on
tackling
climate
change
depends
on
our
ability
to
mobilize
Canadians
to
make
changes.
This
panel
addresses
some
fundamental
challenges
and
opportunities.
David
Herle:
What
are
the
motivations
and
barriers
to
change
through
the
results
of
public
opinion
data?
David
Herle
is
the
Principal
Partner
with
The
Gandalf
Group.
Mr.
Herle
discussed
some
public
opinion
data
on
the
perceptions
of
the
economy,
climate
change,
and
environmental
concerns.
Perceptions
about
the
economy
highlighted
how
people
feel
the
economy
is
doing.
Regional
perspectives
were
important.
A
majority
of
respondents
in
BC
thought
the
economy
was
growing
while
respondents
in
other
provinces
felt
the
economy
was
in
recession.
The
reports
asked
about
top
policy
concerns:
climate
change
and
global
warming
were
not
at
the
top.
Other
concerns,
such
as
cost
of
living,
and
financial
security
were
relatively
higher
priorities.
However,
49%
were
very
concerned
about
climate
change,
while
a
relatively
small
amount
of
respondents
were
not
at
all
concerned
(which
indicates
that
it
has
penetrated
down
to
the
public
that
climate
change
is
important).
Those
that
care
the
most
were
middle
aged
women
(compared
to
the
generational
myth
that
young
people
care
the
most).
An
important
realization
about
framing
was
also
highlighted:
the
environmental
concerns
(such
as
smog
and
water
quality)
ranked
higher
than
climate
change.
So
it
has
been
more
effective
to
frame
climate
change
as
fixing
smog.
Environmental
issues
are
local
for
people,
not
global.
What
matters
is
what
they
see
in
their
everyday
lives.
Insight
was
also
offered
to
the
barriers
people
have
in
taking
action,
with
the
most
popular
barriers
to
action
being
cost
and
time.
The
most
important
perceived
benefit
of
conservation-­‐
lower
energy
costs/saving
money.
The
conclusions
from
Mr.
Herle’s
presentation
were
that
we
have
financially
strapped
and
constrained
population
that
is
somewhat
concerned
about
climate
change,
but
it
is
not
a
top
priority.
Climate
change
has
not
acquired
the
level
or
urgency
that
is
necessary.
The
environment,
to
most
Canadians,
is
local.
The
change
will
be
in
one
of
two
ways:
a
policy
on
the
population
(which
would
be
unpopular),
or
to
make
it
financially
attractive
and
easy
for
people.

17. `
17
Lisa
DeMarco:
How
far/fast
can
we
move
Canadians
to
a
low-­‐carbon
economy?
Lisa
DeMarco
is
a
Senior
Partner
at
DeMarco
Allan
LLP.
Ms.
DeMarco’s
presentation
highlighted
the
importance
of
the
Canadian
context
in
the
mobilization
to
a
low
carbon
economy.
The
emissions
from
Alberta’s
oil
sands
are
comparable
to
three
of
the
highest-­‐emitting
coal-­‐fired
US
power
plants,
despite
the
perception
that
the
Oil
Sands
are
the
worst.
This
means
there
is
more
to
the
story.
We
need
to
look
internally
at
our
own
emissions
profile
to
follow
the
Canadian
climate
change
agenda.
Our
agriculture
industry
is
significant
to
the
Canadian
agenda,
and
provides
many
opportunities.
We
also
need
to
start
lowering
transportation
emissions
and
the
emissions
from
our
houses.
To
mobilize
average
Canadians,
we
need
to
overcome
cognitive,
status
and
social
biases.
We
need
to
incent
comfort
and
convenience
in
low-­‐carbon
goods
and
services,
and
provide
attractive
alternatives
to
hard
choices.
It
is
also
important
to
ensure
political
sustainability
to
stabilize
investment
by
ensuring
the
general
population
likes,
and
strives
for
it.
We
need
to
give
power
and
choice
to
the
people.
Ersilia
Serafini:
What
millennials
are
telling
us
about
energy
conservation
and
how
to
engage
them.
Ersilia
Serafini
is
the
President
of
the
Summerhill
Group.
Ms.
Serafini
talked
about
how
Canadians
do
want
to
take
action,
but
other
factors
prevent
or
hinder
them
from
doing
so.
Canadians
want
and
are
taking
advantage
of
programs
and
incentives
in
the
market.
The
issue
is
not
the
desire
to
take
action
in
a
sector
where
costs
are
rising
and
it
is
compelling.
The
challenge
is
when
the
action
we
are
incenting
does
not
result
in
what
we
think
it
should.
Simplistic
messaging
in
this
area
makes
lacks
clarity
and
does
not
give
Canadians
the
tools
to
translate
their
actions
onto
their
bill.
They
don’t
see
the
savings,
especially
in
the
face
of
rising
energy
costs.
We
need
to
invest
in
taking
the
time
to
think
through
program
design,
with
market
research
and
up
to
date
data
and
trends.
Cost-­‐benefit
research
places
the
emphasis
on
the
back-­‐end
evaluation
of
programs.
We
need
a
more
thoughtful
approach
before
we
put
incentive
programs
in
market,
otherwise,
we
don’t
really
think
about
how
it
rolls
up
in
the
climate
agenda.

18. `
18
The
message
and
driver
is
saving
money
on
energy.
But
the
rising
costs
of
energy
prevent
it
from
being
seen
on
the
bill.
The
industry
is
so
focused
on
brand
driving,
and
contributing
results
to
the
brand
so
they
lose
focus
on
what
they
need
to
do.
Different
groups
will
need
different
messages.
Hotels,
for
example
have
a
small
window
when
it
is
sold
in
which
they
might
do
some
upgrading.
Taking
the
time
to
design
and
think
about
the
messaging
and
relevance
in
a
collaborative
fashion
is
critical
if
we
want
sustained
long-­‐term
engagement
in
energy
efficiency.
Janice
Ashworth:
Engaging
the
community
through
cooperative
renewable
energy
ownership
and
overcoming
opposition.
Janice
Ashworth
is
an
Operations
Manager
at
Ottawa
Renewable
Energy
Co-­‐Operative.
Ms.
Ashworth
talked
about
the
importance
of
local
action,
tangible
hope,
and
working
together.
Electricity
is
not
a
big
portion
of
our
emissions,
but
as
we
move
towards
electrification
of
transportation
and
heating
and
cooling
systems,
we
need
to
think
about
how
we
generate
our
electricity.
We
do
not
want
to
be
caught
off
guard
by
having
to
develop
more
gas
plants.
OREC
is
a
way
for
residents
in
Eastern
Ontario
to
own
and
invest
in
community
owned
renewable
energy
generation
projects.
There
are
many
(30
or
40)
renewable
energy
cooperatives
in
Ontario.
OREC’s
objective
is
to
generate
more
decentralized
renewable
electricity
through
a
democratic
business
model
with
fair
returns
on
investment.
The
democratic
governance
model
has
a
survival
rate
double
that
of
regular
businesses
because
people
are
in
it
for
more
than
financial
returns,
so
they
try
to
keep
it
running
through
hard
times.
11. Improving
Sustainability
in
the
Electricity
Sector
Moderator:
Dr.
Monica
Gattinger
Objective:
With
increasing
reliance
on
electricity
as
an
energy
source
to
lower
carbon
emissions,
this
panel
will
explore
a
range
of
environmental,
economic,
logistical,
and
technological
factors
in
this
transition.
Dr.
Neil
Freeman:
How
Horizon
Utility
embraced
sustainability.
Neil
Freeman
is
Vice
President
of
Business
Development
and
Corporate
Relations
at
Horizon
Utilities
Corporation.
Mr.
Freeman
highlighted

19. `
19
some
of
the
changes,
reframing,
and
adjustments
the
company
made
to
contribute
to
sustainable
development
objectives.
Operationalizing
the
electricity
sector
for
sustainable
development
involved
action
in
various
areas.
Reporting
is
a
first
step
towards
sustainable
development
because
it
provides
benchmarks
and
direction.
Operationalizing
company
sustainability
is
also
important
because
these
internal
adjustments
contribute
to
sustainability
objectives.
Another
aspect
is
to
focus
on
what
consumers
need
and
how
to
deliver
the
most
effective
product
to
them.
Operationalizing
the
electricity
sector
for
sustainable
development
also
requires
contributing
community
sustainability.
The
climate
change
action
plan
and
strategy
includes
adjusting
long-­‐term
assets,
and
incorporating
sustainable
development
into
the
supply
chain.
Dr.
Andrew
Rowe:
How
investments
in
East-­‐West
grid
connections
will
lower
GHG
emissions
from
electricity
generation.
Andrew
Rowe
is
the
Project
Leader
of
The
2060
Project:
Energy
Pathways
for
British
Columbia
and
Canada.
The
transition
period
is
not
a
linear
system
and
it
is
important
to
understand
the
relevant
pathways.
Canada
can
improve
the
advantages
we
already
have
and
we
can
use
that
leverage
to
substitute
wherever
we
can.
We
have
heard
about
how
good
the
electrical
system
is,
so
let’s
maximize
it.
The
electrical
system
strategy
is
that
by
increasing
the
use
of
electricity
in
transport
and
heating,
and
increasing
the
use
of
low
carbon
electricity
generation,
we
can
reduce
CO2
emissions.
However,
there
is
not
one
technology
that
is
cheapest
under
every
circumstance.
The
value
of
an
investment
is
determined
by
other
variables.
There
is
a
lack
of
understanding
of
the
difference
between
cost
and
value.
Cost
does
not
equal
value:
the
idea
of
value
comes
when
meeting
the
demand.
Some
of
the
challenges
utilities
need
to
meet
are
demand,
social
license,
uncertainty,
and
energy
and
capacity.
The
Honourable
Sergio
Marchi:
Preparing
for
the
future:
the
challenges
and
opportunities
for
clean
energy
to
drive
the
green
economy.
The
Honourable
Sergio
Marchi
is
the
President
and
CEO
of
the
Canadian
Electricity
Association.
Mr.
Marchi
discussed
the
challenges
and
opportunities
associated
with
moving
towards
the
green
economy.
The
electricity
sector
is
being
driven
by
Clean
energy
is
the
future
and
it
is
a
‘force
for
balancing
our
green
energy
goals
with
economic
necessities.’
Canada’s
electricity
sector
is
doing
relatively
well
compared
to
other
countries.
Electricity
is
the

20. `
20
great
enabler
and
is
necessary
as
a
strategic
asset
that
must
be
taken
care
of.
Mr.
Marchi
warned
of
procuring
the
cheapest
infrastructure,
because
we
cannot
afford
the
cheapest
infrastructure
or
we
risk
passing
down
an
unreliable
system.
Electricity
powers
20%
of
the
industrial,
commercial,
and
transportation
activities,
and
we
must
increase
this
in
increments
so
electricity
companies
can
understand
impacts,
adjustment,
and
find
innovative
solutions.
The
political
context
is
one
in
which
federal
and
provincial
governments
are
pursuing
policy
objectives.
It
is
important
to
achieve
balance
between
local
and
national
sentiments,
economic
and
environmental
perspectives,
as
well
as
maintaining
an
energy
supply
today
while
building
a
modern
grid
for
tomorrow.
This
is
not
easy,
and
balance
will
be
important.
A
sustainable
future
needs
continental
cooperation.
The
integration
of
North
American
economies
and
energy
systems
provide
an
opportunity
in
transition
to
clean
energy.
Energy
and
environmental
cooperation
will
deepen
the
bonds
between
North
American
Countries.
This
will
help
transition
us
from
a
‘North
American
Free
Trade
Area
to
a
North
American
Community—a
community
underpinned
by
increasingly
shared
values
and
ambitions.’
This
is
a
transformational
moment
to
build
something
‘important
and
enduring.
John
A.
Gorman:
Prosumers
-­‐
how
consumer
demand
is
changing
the
way
we
generate
and
manage
electricity
in
a
carbon
constrained
world.
John
Gorman
is
President
and
CEO
of
the
Canadian
Solar
Industries
Association
(CanSIA).
Mr.
Gorman
talked
about
some
of
the
ways
in
which
the
energy
context
is
changing.
The
costs
for
solar
have
gone
down,
and
the
current
government
is
taking
action.
The
prosumer
is
‘one
who
both
produces
and
consumes
a
given
product.’
In
this
context,
the
prosumer
could
have
solar
panels
on
their
house
and
can
control
the
thermostat.
They
can
generate
energy
from
the
solar
panels
on
their
roof,
and
sell
that
power
to
the
province.
This
has
a
transformative
impact
on
the
way
people
can
do
things.
Phasing
out
the
coal
is
necessary
for
success,
and
solar
and
solar
enabling
technologies
are
vital.

21. `
21
12. VIP
Keynote:
Elizabeth
May
-­‐
Leader
of
the
Green
Party
of
Canada
Elizabeth
May
The
response
to
Canada’s
presence
at
the
Paris
Agreement
was
welcoming
because
‘new
Canada’
wasn’t
there
sabotaging
like
old
Canada
did.
The
new
Prime
Minister
is
the
best
on
climate
issues
since
Mulroney,
and
there
is
an
alignment
between
the
federal
government
and
supportive
provincial
parties
in
some
provinces.
This
change
in
Canada’s
reputation
was
seen
at
The
Paris
Agreement.
After
the
Paris
Agreement,
politics
ended
up
confronting
climate
science.
The
trend
in
discourse
is
that
getting
started
matters
more
than
setting
targets.
We
are
at
a
position
now
where
everyone
in
the
world
needs
to
ramp
it
their
actions
because
of
30
years
of
procrastination
of
governments.
Canada
HAD
a
plan
that
would
have
gotten
to
Kyoto,
but
political
calculations
of
successive
governments
stopped
this.
The
carbon
budget
is
basic
math
and
there
is
only
one
correct
answer.
We
will
never
reach
the
right
target
if
we
set
the
wrong
one.
The
federal
government
is
making
political
calculations,
such
as
trying
to
figure
out
if
the
seats
they
lose
in
BC
can
be
offset
by
gains
in
Alberta.
These
political
calculations
are
short
term.
Ms.
May
said
that
approving
more
fossil
fuel
infrastructure
makes
it
more
difficult
to
reach
the
emissions
targets.
Additional
important
components
of
Elizabeth
May’s
discussion
were
reiterated
in
an
article
by
James
Munson
entitled
‘Politics
getting
in
the
way
of
tough
pipeline
decisions,
says
May.’
May
criticized
the
speed
of
the
transition
and
alleged
that
the
Pacific
Northwest
LNG
approval
was
the
product
of
collusion
between
Petronas
and
federal
and
provincial
governments’
officials.
Ms.
May
said
there
are
public
service
departments
that
have
been
converted
into
a
‘corporate
concierge
service’
to
get
projects
approved.
Ms.
May
added
that
the
Canadian
Environmental
Assessment
Agency,
the
Department
of
Fisheries
and
Oceans
and
Natural
Resources
Canada
repressed
relevant
science
during
environmental
assessments
of
the
Petronas
project
(Munson,
2016)1
.
1
Munson,
J.
(2016,
October
24).
Politics
gtting
in
the
way
of
tough
popeline
decisions.
iPolitics.
Retrieved
from
http://ipolitics.ca/2016/10/24/politics-­‐getting-­‐in-­‐the-­‐way-­‐of-­‐tough-­‐pipeline-­‐
decisions-­‐says-­‐may/

22. `
22
13. Innovations
and
Partnerships
Moderator:
Shawn
McCarthy
Objective:
Understand
how
industry
and
governments
can
best
work
together
to
maximize
effectiveness
and
minimize
cost
to
society
in
moving
towards
sustainable
energy
Dr.
John
Barrett:
Nuclear
energy’s
contribution
to
sustainable
development
focusing
one
energy
supply,
security,
and
climate
change
mitigation.
Dr.
John
Barrett
is
the
President
and
CEO
of
the
Canadian
Nuclear
Association.
Dr.
Barret
discussed
a
variety
of
benefits
of
nuclear
energy,
including
potential
to
contribute
to
deep
decarbonization.
Terminology
is
important.
Terms
such
as
clean,
green,
renewable
and
sustainable
are
rarely
defined.
Additionally,
all
technologies
are
somehow
unclean,
all
impact
the
land
and
non-­‐renewable
resources,
and
all
activities
produce
waste.
A
possible
way
to
say
it:
‘to
address
climate
change,
humanity
needs
low-­‐emitting
systems
that
support
sustainable
development.
Sustainability
isn’t
perfect,
but
it
is
definable
and
useful.
How
can
we
achieve
deep
decarbonation
on
a
huge
scale
without
needing
a
backup
of
fossil
fuels?
Nuclear
energy
can
do
this.
We
can’t
risk
failure.
Electricity
is
necessary
for
everything
else
to
work
so
we
cannot
take
chances
with
it.
Nuclear
energy
has
various
benefits
and
can
help
build
sustainable
power
with
innovation
and
partnership.
Nuclear
power
‘anchors
a
sustainable
grid
and
enables
renewable
technologies
to
grow.’
Julie
Sunday:
How
the
government
is
engaging
stakeholders
and
leveraging
partnerships
to
advance
innovation
and
clean
technology.
Dr.
Julie
Sunday
is
the
Director
General
of
the
Policy
and
Planning
Branch
and
Clean
Innovation
Task
Team
at
Natural
Resources
Canada.
Ms.
Sunday
discussed
the
global
context
of
the
transition
to
a
low-­‐carbon
economy,
Canada’s
vision
to
be
a
leader,
as
well
as
some
of
the
results
of
the
government
engagement
with
stakeholders
to
date.
The
world
is
moving
towards
a
low
carbon
economy,
but
the
pace
of
clean
energy
innovation
and
investment
is
not
high
enough.
There
is
room
for
improvement
in
investing
in
innovation,
and
early
R&D
of

23. `
23
transformative
technologies.
Canada
has
the
potential
to
be
at
the
forefront
of
the
transition
to
a
low-­‐carbon
economy.
International
and
domestic
partnerships
are
important
in
achieving
this
vision.
The
results
from
engagement
to
date
include
some
areas
where
improvements
can
be
made.
The
innovation
system
needs
greater
alignment,
and
there
needs
to
be
better
networks
between
clean
technology
developers,
users,
and
partners.
There
is
also
a
need
for
more
capital
for
innovation,
and
access
to
global
markets.
Additionally,
the
governments
do
have
a
central
role
in
supporting
clean
technology
innovation.
Jacob
Irving:
Canada’s
natural
and
future
advantage.
Jacob
Irving
is
the
President
of
the
Canadian
Hydropower
Association.
Mr.
Irving
explained
that
Canada’s
natural
and
future
advantage
is
hydropower.
Canadian
hydropower
is
the
number
one
source
of
electricity
in
Canada,
but
we
could
more
than
double
it.
There
is
undeveloped
potential
in
storage,
and
reservoir
hydropower.
The
ability
to
more
than
double
hydropower
is
an
exciting
opportunity.
Mr.
Irving
ended
with
‘we
are
big,
growing,
and
can
grow
even
more
and
this
can
be
good
for
everyone.’
Arlene
Strom:
How
innovative
processes
and
collaboration
can
lead
to
solutions.
Arlene
Strom
is
the
Vice
President
Sustainability
&
Communications
at
Suncor
Energy
Inc.
Alberta
is
moving
towards
being
a
leader.
Some
of
the
key
learnings
were
that
the
conflict
and
polarized
dialogue
hinders
the
progress
on
a
solutions-­‐oriented
agenda.
But,
there
is
the
potential
for
aligned
interests
to
develop
into
common
ground.
The
strategic
priorities
are
greenhouse
gases,
social
context,
and
water.
Greenhouse
gases
are
a
global
challenge,
so
collaboration
is
important.
The
social
priority
means
including,
respecting,
and
trusting
the
Aboriginal
Peoples
of
Canada.
The
water
priority
will
be
developed
in
2017.
Clear
goals
are
important
because
they
provide
the
lens
through
which
decisions
are
made.
In
communicating
with
each
other,
it
is
helpful
to
move
from
‘no,
but’
to
‘yes,
if.’

24. `
24
14. Northern
Energy
Issues
Moderator:
Dr.
David
J.
Scott
Objective:
The
transition
to
sustainable
energy
in
the
arctic-­‐addressing
issues,
challenges
and
opportunities
for
northern
communities.
Paul
Crowley:
Canada’s
5-­‐year
plan
to
demonstrate
that
habitat
friendly
renewable
energy
is
possible
in
remote
Arctic
communities.
Paul
Crowley
is
WWF-­‐Canada’s
vice-­‐president
of
Arctic
conservation.
Mr.
Crowley’s
presentation
talked
about
the
Arctic
Conservation
Program’s
objectives,
progress,
and
next
steps.
The
Arctic
Conservation
Program
has
objectives
such
as
protecting
Arctic
species,
conserving
land,
supporting
the
voice
of
the
community,
reducing
conflict
between
polar
bears
and
humans,
and
developing
renewable
energy
solutions.
Arctic
communities
are
dependent
on
diesel
fuel,
which
pollutes
the
environment
and
prevents
the
communities
from
being
self-­‐sufficient.
Habitat
friendly
renewable
energies
are
a
solution
to
this
problem.
The
program
demonstrates
renewable
energy
integration
in
Arctic
communities.
There
are
four
phases
of
the
project,
which
starts
with
a
feasibility
study
and
ends
with
the
development
of
renewable
energy
sites.
The
feasibility
study
assessed
the
renewable
energy
potential
in
communities
of
Nunavut
and
ISR
(NWT)
and
the
results
were
promising.
In
the
policy
study,
they
found
that
barriers
to
possible
solutions
are
diesel
subsidies,
cost
and
financing,
and
policy
and
regulations.
The
Arctic
Renewable
Energy
Summit
was
successful;
the
next
steps
involve
large-­‐scale
community
projects.
Gwen
Holdmann:
Alaska’s
experience
in
developing
renewable
power
systems
for
over
70
remote
communities,
and
the
lessons
learned
Dr.
Gwen
Holdmann
is
the
Director
of
the
Alaska
Center
for
Energy
and
Power.
Dr.
Holdmann
talked
about
Alaska’s
and
renewable
power
systems.
The
mission
is
to
‘foster
innovative
energy
solutions
for
Alaska
and
beyond.’
They
do
this
through
the
development
of
information
for
decision-­‐makers,
education
and
training,
and
by
commercializing
energy
innovation.
In
rural
Alaska,
up
to
80%
of
the
energy
is
used
for
space
heating.
Of
about
200
communities,
70
have
renewable
energy
projects.
Kodiak
Island
has
100%
renewable
generation
through
hydropower,
wind,

25. `
25
and
energy
storage.
The
popularity
of
solar
energy
is
increasing.
In
the
closing
remarks.
Dr.
Holdmann
explained
that
efficiency
is
a
priority,
incentives
are
important,
and
the
benefits
of
projects
should
be
clearly
defined.
Nicolas
Séguin:
Greening
Northern
energy,
one
mine
and
one
community
at
a
time:
highlights
from
Nunavik’s
RAGLAN
Mine’s
wind
energy
flagship
project.
Nicolas
Séguin
is
with
Business
Development
at
Tugliq
Energy
Co.
Nunavut
is
dependent
on
diesel
which
limits
economic
development.
Power
generation
is
expensive,
and
the
power
installments
will
imminently
require
a
lot
more
investment.
Some
of
the
barriers
to
diesel
displacement
are
myths,
economics,
regulatory
gaps,
and
grid
stability.
TUGLIQ
is
a
Specialist
Independent
Power
Producer
(IPP).
Their
mission
is
to
‘diversify
away
from
diesel
industrial
operations
and
communities
by
leveraging
local
sources
of
renewable
energy.’
Renewable
energy
in
the
Arctic
does
make
sense,
and
it
is
technically
and
economically
possible
to
displace
diesel
in
the
Arctic.
However,
the
subsidization
of
yearly
diesel
expenditures
should
be
replaced
with
support
for
the
deployment
of
Renewable
Energy.
This
would
shut
several
diesel
projects
down.
Clean,
affordable
electricity
is
the
only
way
to
address
greenhouse
gases
in
the
Arctic
from
all
sources.
Sheldon
Nimchuck:
Community
Legacy—Indigenous
ownership
of
clean
energy
projects—the
need
for
fair,
transparent
and
inclusive
power
agreements.
Sheldon
Nimchuck
is
the
Director
of
Project
Development
and
Partnerships
at
Qikiqtaaluk
Corporation
(QC).
QC
is
owned
by
the
Qikiqtami
Inuit
Association.
With
roots
dating
back
to
1983,
the
QC
started
with
a
vision
that
would
uphold
Inuit
values
and
contribute
to
the
well-­‐being
of
the
community
while
creating
employment
and
career
opportunities.
The
existing
energy
production
in
Nunavut
has
no
grid
connections
between
communities
and
buildings
heated
with
only
fossil
fuels.
The
clean
energy
transition,
requires
significant
investments
for
capacity
expansion,
and
live
cycle
upgrades.
There
is
a
difference
between
the
displacement
and
true
cost.
Transparency
is
important,
with
an
open
book
approach
and
views
from
the
utility,
the
government,
Inuit
organizations,
and
the
public.
There
are
legacy
opportunities,
with
indigenous
regional
and
community
ownership
structure,
careers
in
clean
energy,
and
project
revenues.

26. `
26
15. From
policy
to
market
transformation:
Advancing
renewable
natural
gas
in
Canada
Moderator:
Paul
Cheliak
Objective:
How
are
Canadian
policy
and
clean
technology
innovation
enabling
renewable
energy
to
be
cost
effectively
delivered
through
the
natural
gas
distribution
system,
and
what
is
the
future
for
RNG
in
Canada?
Malini
Giridhar:
A
comparative
analysis
of
the
economics
of
various
low
carbon
fuels
and
the
associated
technologies,
policy
options
and
first
steps
taken
in
Ontario.
Malini
Giridhar
is
Vice
President
of
Market
Development,
Public
and
Government
Affairs
with
Enbridge
Gas
Distribution
Inc.
Greening
the
gas
grid
will
complement
low-­‐carbon
power
supplies,
and
is
a
balanced
approach
to
meeting
emissions
reduction
targets.
There
is
an
opportunity
in
the
evolution
potential
of
green
gas
to
start
with
biogas
waste
and
expand
into
other
green
gas
options.
There
is
potential
for
greenhouse
reductions
with
green
pipeline
supplies.
Supportive
energy
policies
and
technological
development
could
result
in
40%
renewable
pipeline
fuels
by
2035.
Diverse
infrastructure
enhances
resiliency
and
affordability
of
renewable
energy.
Frank
Des
Rosiers:
Federal
government
support
for
clean
technology
innovation
related
to
natural
gas.
Frank
Des
Rosiers
is
Assistant
Deputy
Minister
of
Innovation
and
Energy
Technology
with
Natural
Resources
Canada.
Canada’s
vision
is
one
where
the
innovative
economy
balances
economic
growth
and
the
protection
of
the
environment.
Supporting
clean
technology
will
set
Canada
up
to
take
advantage
of
new
global
opportunities,
and
Canada
can
reduce,
or
eliminate,
carbon
emissions.
Natural
resources
are
a
large
portion
of
our
economy,
so
sustainable
development
of
natural
resources
is
important
for
the
energy
transition.
Clean
technology
will
enhance
the
competitiveness
and
the
sustainability
of
natural
resources.
The
federal
government
is
showing
commitment
through
investments
in
the
budget.
The
federal
government
is
working
with
international
partners
(Mission
Innovation).
The
strategy
is
to
encourage
the
private
sector
to
invest,
and
to
increase
international
and
domestic
collaboration.
Natural
gas
is
a
significant
component
of
the
low

27. `
27
carbon
economy.
It
works
as
a
foundation
for
intermittent
renewables
like
wind
and
solar
and
can
be
made
greener
with
renewable
natural
gas.
Innovation
is
key.
Stéphanie
Trudeau:
renewable
gas
and
Quebec’s
new
energy
policy
framework,
including
some
successful
case
studies.
Stéphanie
Trudeau
is
Vice
President,
Strategy,
Communication
and
Sustainability
at
Gaz
Métro.
To
achieve
emissions
reductions,
it
is
going
to
take
a
lot
of
solutions.
Energy
is
central
to
these
solutions.
The
objectives
and
targets
of
the
2030
Energy
Policy
in
Quebec
work
towards
this
goal.
The
targets
are
to
increase
the
energy
efficiency
by
15%,
reduce
quantity
of
petroleum
products
consumed
by
40%,
eliminate
thermal
coal
use,
increase
the
production
of
renewable
energy
by
25%,
and
increase
bioenergy
production
by
50%.
It
is
important
to
make
use
of
our
assets
and
our
knowledge.
16. Bioenergy
Moderator:
Catherine
Cobden
Objective:
Exploring
the
opportunities
for
bioenergy
in
supporting
Canada’s
energy
supply
of
the
future.
Dr.
Susan
Wood-­‐Bohm
Dr.
Susan
Wood-­‐Bohm
is
the
Executive
Director
of
the
Climate
Change
and
Emissions
Management
Corporation’s
Biological
GHG
Management
program,
which
is
delivered
in
partnership
with
Alberta
Innovates
Bio
Solutions.
Ms.
Wood-­‐Bohm
talked
about
benefits
of
clean
tech
and
how
it
addresses
the
largest
and
growing
emissions
while
using
expertise
and
infrastructure
we
already
have.
Bio
clean
tech
addresses
our
immediate
needs
by
reducing
greenhouse
gas
emissions
and
using
existing
carbon-­‐based
infrastructure.
It
also
develops
new
markets
for
sustainable
feedstock
and
provides
clear
economic
benefits.
Bio
clean
tech
provides
a
competitive
advantage
through
job
creation,
First
Nations
Economic
Development,
and
competitive
advantage
in
biomass.
This
comes
from
a
continuous
process.
There
is
also
opportunity
when
using
biomass
to
include
rural
opportunities.

28. `
28
Some
potential
emissions
reductions
targets
are
transportation,
space
heat,
process
heat,
carbon
and
baseload
electricity.
Biomass
in
various
infrastructure
areas
can
make
contributions
to
greenhouse
gas
reduction
across
Canada.
There
are
economic
considerations
too:
we
have
low
prices
of
natural
gas
and
oil,
which
is
challenging
to
biomass
which
is
a
bit
more
expensive,
so
there
is
a
need
for
enabling
policy.
Social
impacts
in
job
opportunities,
leverage
of
existing
expertise,
and
an
export
potential
of
the
technology.
Murray
McLaughlin
Murray
McLaughlin
is
Executive
Director
of
Bioindustrial
Innovation
Canada.
Mr.
McLaughlin
talked
about
biomass
from
an
agricultural
and
forestry
perspective.
We
are
in
the
early
days
of
making
good
use
of
biomass,
and
this
area
is
critical
for
the
future.
There
is
a
strong
opportunity
in
Canada
with
biomaterials,
reusing
biofibers
to
make
new
materials,
and
bio-­‐based
chemistries.
Mr.
McLaughlin’s
company
works
with
start-­‐up
companies
and
help
them
work
through
life-­‐cycle
analysis
and
help
them
move
forward.
They
look
at
production
and
conversion
as
a
hybrid
system,
and
how
existing
companies
can
maintain
industry.
We
need
to
build
a
sustainable
technology
industry
around
it
and
help
them
move
their
CO2
to
other
utilizations.
Don
Roberts
Don
Roberts
is
President
and
CEO
of
Nawitka
Capital
Advisors
Ltd.
Mr.
Roberts
provided
further
insight
to
bioenergy.
He
provided
three
general
comments:
1. Lots
of
potential:
there
is
a
lot
of
biomass
in
Canada.
However,
there
is
a
distinction
between
the
physical
supply,
and
the
economic
supply—investors
care
about
the
economic
supply.
The
difference
is
critical
2. Role
of
regulation:
the
signal
from
the
carbon
price
will
be
weak,
and
will
not
move
the
dial
for
a
while.
We
are
going
to
need
regulation,
but
provincial
governments
are
generally
broke
and
aren’t
going
to
be
able
to
use
the
financial
incentives
as
much
as
we
wold
like.
Investors
also
care
about
the
form
of
regulation
(incentive
versus
compliance
based
programs).
3. Bioenergy
is
unique:
Bioenergy
is
like
solar
energy
with
a
battery
pack.
And
bioenergy
has
relatively
longer
supply
chains
across
other
sectors
which
contributes
to
jobs.
Mr.
Roberts
ended
with
a
cautionary
note:
as
we
look
at
how
to
fund
renewable
energy,
the
political
economy
and
economics
come
into
it.
You
are
going
to
be
judged
on
the
emissions
reductions.
So
how
does
it
compare
with
other
forms
of
GHG
reductions.

29. `
29
Jody
Proctor
Jody
Proctor
is
Director
of
Clean
Air
Policy
at
Transport
Canada.
Ms.
Proctor
provided
insight
to
the
transportation
perspective.
Transportation
is
a
big
issue
when
discussing
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
There
is
support
for
increasing
the
uptake
of
high
energy
fuel
in
Canada.
But,
there
are
barriers.
The
carbon
price
is
a
foundational
base
to
promote
the
decarbonation
of
the
transportation
sector.
The
potential
impact
of
carbon
pricing
is
that
it
will
increase
technological
development
in
these
areas
and
increase
the
demand
for
fuel
efficient
transportation.
However,
the
carbon
price
alone
won’t
be
enough.
Other
policy
tools
are
needed.
There
are
opportunities
in
the
aviation
sector,
which
would
benefit
from
commercial
biojet
production
in
Canada,
and
other
opportunities
in
the
rail
and
trade
sectors.
Sandy
Fleming
Sandy
Fleming
is
Director
of
Business
Development
at
Capital
Power.
Mr.
Fleming
discussed
the
potential
for
biofuel
and
other
renewable
fuels
to
be
used
with
coal
power
plants.
This
has
the
potential
to
make
use
of
existing
infrastructure
by
burning
biofuel
with
coal
in
the
existing
plants.
This
would
require
innovation
and
effort
to
burn
fuels
so
they
can
be
used
in
plants
designed
for
something
else.
This
strategy
would
reduce
emissions.
There
are
many
fuels
that
have
potential,
but
some
make
more
sense.
There
is
a
large
forest
industry
in
Alberta,
which
is
important
and
they
have
a
large
waste
stream
and
there
are
facilities
with
a
lot
of
useful
life
left.
For
bio
cleantech
to
move
to
the
next
level,
there
are
enough
waste
streams
already
there
that
can
be
captured—don’t
need
to
have
dedicated
harvesting
of
trees.
Works
Cited
Munson,
J.
(2016,
October
24).
Politics
gtting
in
the
way
of
tough
popeline
decisions.
iPolitics.
Retrieved
from
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