This document discusses how to properly attribute and license content that has been adapted from other openly licensed works. It explains that when using or adapting open content, the title, author, source and license of the original work should always be provided. It also discusses what types of uses constitute collections, derivatives or remixes of open works, and how these adapted works should be attributed and licensed in compliance with the licenses of the original sources.

1. Using CC Licenses and
CC Licensed Works
By Beck Pitt (The Open University, UK)
Produced for Unit 4 Assignment of the CC Cert Course
This work was created by Beck Pitt for the Unit 3 Assignment of the Creative Commons Certificate Course and is licensed under the Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 International License unless otherwise stated. Some material in this presentation was originally created for TIDE project presentations on OER
by Beck Pitt and has been either used without modification or with changes in this slidedeck.
PictureCredit:CreativeCommons–ccstickersbyKristinaAlexandersonislicensedCCBY2.0

2. Using Openly Licensed Resources: Collections,
Derivatives, Adaptations & Remixes
• Remember it’s good practice to always acknowledge the Title,
Author, Source and License (TASL) of an openly licensed resource.
This enables help people find the original resource
• Conversely when you are creating an openly licensed resource you
should include this information so people can attribute your resource
properly
• Did you know? What counts as an adaptation depends on where you
live (e.g. your country’s copyright law)
• For more information, check out:
https://creativecommons.org/faq/#combining-and-adapting-cc-
material

3. What is a collection?
• Collections are where you bring together a number of openly licensed resources but
they are kept as discreet entities and can be attributed as such.
• Example of a Collection? This presentation! In this instance this presentation is made
up of original content licensed CC BY 4.0 plus acknowledgement of all other openly
licensed resources used (e.g. images and screenshots)
• In the instance of this presentation, openly licensed resources have not been revised
but you could include individual pieces of revised content in a collection, which
should be clearly identified as such (e.g. modifications to an image), and which you
would attribute accordingly to reflect that the new resource was a derivative or
adaptation.
• When licensing a collection of resources you have created, the only restriction on the
licensing of the overall collection is whether or not you have included NC works in
the collection as inclusion of non-commercial licensed open resources mean that the
overall collection license should also include the NC license component

4. How to attribute
a collection

5. Screenshot source: Open Research 2014 “Image and Asset Credits” section by OER Hub is licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
The overall course is openly
licensed (CC BY-SA 4.0) and
the license has a disclaimer
similar to this presentation
which acknowledges that it
contains other openly
licensed materials.
The overall course license
applies to the original
content created by the
course authors (OER Hub)
but openly licensed images
used for the course are
attributed separately in this
Image and Asset Credits
section

6. Screenshot source: Becoming an Open Educator course section 2.2 is licensed CC BY 4.0 except where otherwise stated http://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=82522&section=2
Or alternatively
you can
attribute other
material used
next to the
resource itself

7. “…to combine the original or revised
content with other material to create
something new (e.g., incorporate the
content into a mashup)”
David Wiley “Defining the “Open” in the Open Content and Open Educational Resources”
http://opencontent.org/definition/ (my italics and highlighted words)
What is remix?
PhotoCredit:RemixingisTastybyGideonBurtonislicensedCCBY-SA2.0https://www.flickr.com/photos/wakingtiger/3156791341
Seamless blending of
different openly
licensed resources plus
original content into
one resource.

8. Example of a Remix: AST 1002 Descriptive
Astronomy
• Existing astronomy open textbook
plus other open resources, use of
social media platforms such as
Twitter and original content such as
assignments combined to make a
new course called Descriptive
Astronomy
ImageCredit:ThisimageisfromAnOERMashup:AstronomyRedesignbyErik
Christensen.ThiscasestudyislicensedCCBY3.0
Check out: https://www.oercommons.org/authoring/3930-an-oer-mashup-
astronomy-redesign/view#

9. How to
attribute
a remix

10. • Attribute what resources have been blended together in an
Acknowledgements, Sources list or similar.
• The license which you can apply to the remix is dependent on the
licenses of the resources you have combined.
• You will not be able to use ND (no derivative) licensed materials in a
remix that you want to publicly share.
• You should acknowledge any NC (non-commercial) license
requirements in your licensing of the adaptation/remix.
• If someone has requested that you share any adaptations on the
same license as the original (e.g. used the SA, share-alike license)
you will need to abide by this requirement.
• For maximum flexibility in licensing your remix or adaptation, look
to combine resources which are on more liberal and open licenses
(such as CC BY).

11. How to attribute
derivatives and
adaptations

12. “What is an Adaptation?
The following are examples of adaptations as defined by the Share-Alike/No Derivatives license:
Modifying an image to create another image (for example, by cropping) is an adaptation;
Translating a short story from one language to another;
Photoshopping a picture to add to, or alter, its original elements;
Using a sample from one song to make a new song;
Adding a song as a soundtrack to a video.
The following uses are not adaptations:
Including a short story in a collection of short stories;
Using an unedited video in the background of a live concert;
Reproducing an unedited image on a website or in a document (such as Word or Powerpoint).”
(Source: p8, Finding and Remixing Openly Licensed Resources:
https://schools.leicester.gov.uk/media/2308/g3-finding-and-remixing-openly-licensed-resources-january-2015.pdf

13. Image cropped,
sharpened and
caption added
So how should
we license
these images?
What
information do
we need to
include?
Original Image:
Ayeyarwady Region
flooding, Myanmar,
September 2018 by
Beck Pitt is licensed
CC BY 2.0
Image has been
desaturated
How to acknowledge revision of an openly
licensed resource

14. Where there have been minor
revisions to a resource…
Original Image:
Ayeyarwady Region
flooding, Myanmar,
September 2018 by
Beck Pitt is licensed
CC BY 2.0
Image has been desaturated
Acknowledge that you have
modified the original picture,
for example:
Ayeyarwady Region flooding,
Myanmar, September 2018
by Beck Pitt is licensed CC BY
2.0 Desaturated from original

15. Minor Revisions to a Resource
Original Image:
Ayeyarwady Region
flooding, Myanmar,
September 2018 by
Beck Pitt is licensed
CC BY 2.0
One example of how you
could acknowledge that you
have made changes to the
original picture:
Adapted from Ayeyarwady
Region flooding, Myanmar,
September 2018 by Beck Pitt
which is licensed CC BY 2.0Image cropped,
sharpened and
caption added

16. What about derivatives (e.g. resources
created from/based on existing content)?
ThisscreenshotistakenfromtheCreativeCommonsWikipageon“BestPracticesforAttribution”andislicensedCCBY
https://wiki.creativecommons.org/wiki/Best_practices_for_attribution#This_is_a_good_attribution_for_material_you_modified_slightly
Provides TASL
information for the
original resource as well
as giving information
about the derivative
version. As with remixes,
the derivative version of
a resource abides by any
SA, ND or NC
requirements.