this material english for interpersonal interaction

1. Cause and
effect
Group 5 :
Dina Listi Nuryani
Gilda Nurike Septianti
Nisa Nurjannah

2. What is cause and effect meaning?
Cause is why something happened.
Effect is the result of what happened.
Because effects always have causes
and causes always lead to effects, we
rarely see one without the other.
Cause and effect is the
relationship between two
things when one thing makes
something else happen.
What is cause and effect meaning example? (philosophy-question.com)
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3. Examples of Cause and effect
When you're trying to understand what is cause and effect, it can be
helpful to review some examples.
• Cause: The boss was busy. Effect: Her secretary took a message.
• Cause: A basketball player was traveling. Effect: The referee
called a penalty.
• Cause: I never brush my teeth. Effect: I have 5 cavities.
• Cause: He broke his arm. Effect: The doctor put it in a cast.
• Cause: A child eats only junk food and never does anything
active. Effect: The child is obese.
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4. What is cause and effect in a sentence?
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Cause and Effect Sentences. Sentences built using
cause and effect usually involve an action that is
making something happen and the result of that
action. You can usually find sentences built this
way by key words and phrases they use: so, since,
as a result of, because, therefore.

5. There are many examples of cause and effect in daily life. You
can probably relate to some of the following examples.
• Because the alarm was not set, we were late for work.
• Since school was canceled, we went to the mall.
• John made a rude comment, so Elise hit him.
• The meal we ordered was cheaper than expected, so we
ordered dessert.
• Betty completed each task perfectly, so she was promoted.
• The baby was crying, so Dad picked him up.
Cause and Effect Examples in Sentences
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6. Expressing cause and effect
To express cause and effect in English, we us certain words and phrases.
• due to
• because of
• owing to
• thanks to
• as a consequence of
• as a result of
• Because
• Since
• As
• for
To express cause and effect, these words or phrases will either be 6

7. These cause/effect phrases are followed by a noun or noun phrase.
- due to - as a consequence of
- because of - as a result of
- owing to - thanks to
In the following examples, the noun or noun phrase will be underlined.
The cause always comes after the cause/effect signal word or phrase.
Signal word/phrase + Cause, + Effect
Effect + Signal word/phrase + Cause
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Follow by a noun

8. examples
1. Due to John's laziness, he did not pass the English test.
Signal phrase: Due to
Cause: John's laziness
Effect: He did not pass the test
2. He failed the test because of his bad study habits.
Signal phrase: Because of
Cause: His bad study habits
Effect: He failed the test
3. As a result of the rain, we canceled the picnic.
Signal phrase: As a result of
Cause: The rain
Effect: We canceled the picnic
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9. Followed by a verb
These cause / effect signal words are followed by a verb or verb phrase
✘ Because
✘ Since
✘ As
✘ For
In the examples , the verb or verb pharse is underlined.
The cause come after the cause / effect signal word or pharse.
Signal word / pharse + cause , + effect
Effect + Signal word / phrase + cause
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10. Example for followed by a verb
1. Because John was lazy, he did not pass the English test.
2.He failed the test because he did not study well.
3. The picnic was canceled since the rain was coming.
4. David could not attend for he was ill.
5. As he arrived late to work, he will be fired.
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11. Budi : Hi Tomi, why are you running on the field?
Tomi : I didn’t do my homework, so the teacher punished me.
Budi : Why didn’t you do your home work?
Tomi : Due to my wrong time table, I forgot to do the homework.
Budi : Oh my God, I didn’t finish my homework either, because last night I over slept.
Tomi : Go back to class and finish it right now
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Example Dialog Cause and Effect

12. ✘ Answer for
If someone has to answer for something, they have to accept responsibility for their actions.
example : “He will have to answer for his dishonesty”
✘ Change the face of something
When an innovation, discovery or event changes the face of something, it alters it completely or in a major
way.
Example : “Social networks have changed the face of modern communication”
✘ Open doors to/for
If something opens doors, it provides opportunitiesor possibilities for the future.
Example : “A degree from a top university generally opens doors to major companies”
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Idioms

13. ✘ (the) devil to pay
This is a way of announcing that there will be trouble if something happens.
Example : “Be careful. There'll be the devil to pay if you break anything!“
✘ Stand in good stead
To say that a skill, an ability or previous experience will stand you in good stead means that it will be
beneficial to you in the future.
Example : "Being able to speak another language will stand you in good stead when looking for a job."
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Idioms

14. Tedi : After graduation, which university do you want to go to, Tia?
Tia : I want to enter the University of Indonesia
Tedi : Why do you want to choice the University of Indonesia?
Tia : Because that's my dream ted
Tedi : Your dream is so cool
Tia : Because A degree from a top university generally opens doors to major companies
Tedi : Wow, that's cool, keep spirit tia
Tia : Thank you tedi
Tedi : You re welcome
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Example dialog for idioms

15. Reference
1. https://philosophy-question.com/library/lecture/read/334861-what-is-cause-an
d-effect-meaning-example
2. https://www.slideshare.net/ewaszolek/cause-andeffectpowerpoint
3. https://examples.yourdictionary.com/cause-and-effect-examples.html
4. https://www.really-learn-english.com/causes-and-effects-in-english.html#:~:t
ext=To%20express%20cause%20and%20effect%20in%20English%2C%20w
e,by%20a%20noun%20or%20noun%20phrase.%20due%20to
5. https://www.ghoorib.com/2020/08/contoh-percakapan-cause-and-effect.html?
m=1
6. https://www.learn-english-today.com/idioms/idiom-categories/consequences/
consequences-effects.html
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16. Thank You

17. Cause and Effect Practice Quiz
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sentence cause effect
If you train your dog, he will
follow commands.
Cause – training the dog Effect – follow commands
I skipped lunch today, so I am
extremely hungry this
evening.
I have difficulty trusting
people because my last
boyfriend lied a lot.
She forgot to water her plants,
so they all died.
He did not study for the test at
all, so he failed it.
Read the following items, then identify the cause and effect in each one.