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Care International - Geoffrey Onyango
This document summarizes a carbon financed agriculture and forestry (AFOLU) project in Western Kenya. The project aims to improve land productivity and sustainability through integrated ecosystem management including forest conservation, new tree planting, and improved agricultural practices. It has recruited staff and is identifying pilot communities in Lower and Mid-Nyando regions. Interventions may include boundary planting, woodlots, and fruit orchards to generate carbon credits while improving food security. A social assessment found land tenure and boundary conflicts are issues. The project is currently raising awareness and preparing for tree planting starting in March/April 2011.
Care International - Geoffrey Onyango
- 1. Western Kenya Carbon Financed AFOLU Project
- 2. WHAT IS ANAFOLU PROJECT? •Protection & enhancement of existing forests •New forests / tree planting incl. agroforestry •Improved agricultural practices e.g. conservation agriculture …and more
- 3. Profile of AFOLUProjects TYPE EXAMPLES COSTS NON-C COMMENTS INCOMES FORESTS - Existing Management, Timber, NTFP, LT investment, EXISTING plantations, protection – Tourism. Timing little debt natural forests relatively low - depends. available NEW FORESTS New Establishment, Timber & NTFP Very LT / TREES plantations, management – – long time investment, Agroforestry very high before $ high upfront costs, little debt available AGRICULTURE / Improved ag Inputs, Improved crop Shorter term SOIL C practices e.g. management. / livestock investment. fertilizer Medium - low yields – Timing Debt may be management short - med available.
- 4. • Rockefeller fundedproject with support of CARE and CCAF/ICRAF • Timeframe: 2011 -2012 (18 months) • The project sought to improve the productivity and sustainability of land use systems in selected watersheds in the Nyando river basins through adoption of an integrated ecosystem management approach • Objectives • support on-and off-farm conservation strategies • improve the capacity of local communities and institutions to identify, formulate and implement integrated ecosystem management activities (including both on-and off-farm land use planning) capturing local to global environmental benefits • The project is pro-poor centered.
- 5. Pro – poor By“pro-poor” we mean an approach that ensures: 1. Poverty reduction benefits reach poorer households, women and other vulnerable groups within the target communities; 2. No negative social impacts, or where such impacts are inevitable, effective mitigation measures are put in place to achieve a net “do no harm” outcome; 3. Equitable sharing of benefits derived from carbon revenues both within communities and along the carbon value chain from buyer to seller – in effect “fair trade in carbon.” 4. Rights are respected and secured
- 6. Where are we? Wehave carried out feasibility assessment to find out 1. Identify project boundary 2. Viability of the project 3. Social assessment 4. Recruitment of staff 5. Recruitment of communities/villages for pilot stage
- 7. All ICRAF SamplingBlocks Versus KARI Micro-catchments Upper Nzoia Mid-Nzoia Upper Yala Watershed Boundary Sampling blocks Micro-catchments (in Upper-Nyando) Lower Nzoia Micro-catchment (in Mid Nyando) Mid Yala Micro-catchments (Lower Nyando) Micro-catchments (in Lower Yala) Lakes Rivers Lower Yala Upper Nyando Mid Nyando Lake Victoria Lower Nyando N 0 25 50 Kilometers
- 8. ICRAF Sampling Blocks Versus KARI Micro-catchments in Nyando Basin Kapkiptul Macheisok Upper Nyando Mid Nyando Kapsokale North Katuk-Kapsiti Onyuongo Kapsokale South Lower Nyando Watershed Boundary Sam pling blocks Micro-catchm ents (in Upper-Nyando) Micro-catchm ent (in Mid Nyando) Micro-catchm ents (Lower Nyando) N Rivers 0 10 20 Kilometers
- 9. Project Viability Above groundCarbon baseline is in the decline reasons been • Settlement and agriculture. • Overgrazing • Need for fuelwood and construction material • Fires
- 10. Potential AFOLU Interventions Dispersedinterplanting and boundary planting- 1. may be widely adopted by individual farmers with small areas of landholding and 2. Contribute to enhanced food production Woodlots 1. Diversify farm production 2. Additional revenue streams for farmers 3. Protect the already bare hills from erosion and protection of the river catchments 4. Reduce erosion and formation of gullies 5. May establish woodlots on degraded or under-utilised land where in the long term this system may help to re-habilitate degraded lands 6. Carbon finance per unit area relatively high Fruit orchard 1. Food security 2. Diversify farm produce Soil carbon
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- 12. Cash flow 12,000,000 11,113,555 11,000,000 10,000,000 9,000,000 8,712,832 8,000,000 7,000,000 CASH FLOW US$ 6,000,000 5,250,503 5,000,000 4,000,000 3,000,000 2,000,000 1,054,132 1,000,000 Total of ca. US$ 2.4m needed 0 (1,000,000) PROJECT YEAR
- 13. Social impact assessment Landand its resources- Most important resource Land ownership – Lower Nyando: Land adjudication complete with parcel numbers but most people don’t have title deeds. •Mid Nyando: Settlement scheme in the 60’s. Most have title deeds. Not all households grow sugar cane especially the poor. Some squatters with no land – work as labourers or farm unused land( absentee landlords). One cannot move to another piece of land to build unless you bought. •Women have no rights over ancestral lands •In both areas land can be tied to loans either agricultural, bank or for the mid Nyando; the Settlement loan
- 14. Types of Landconflicts 1. Boundary conflicts especially in lower Nyando where boundaries are less well defined. 2. conflicts between sons and parents if parents sold land and 3. land clashes Conflict resolutions •Resolution through clan elders •Provincial administration(Chief). •Legal redress through courts •N/B Leasing agreement usually by mutual understanding
- 15. Social/cultural 1. Religious affiliationmay have restrictions such as SDA, Legio Maria 2. Market-poor get products cheaply and are nearer 3. Funerals- activities may have to be suspended 4. Taboos such as golo kodhi 5. Maize planting culture- Maize planting given priority over other activities Environmental 1. Flooding 5. Hailstorms 2. Drought 6. Inadequate rain 3. Crop destruction by wildlife 4. Soil erosion
- 16. Recruitment of staff Around14 staffs have been recruited as follows •1 project officer •2 extension officers •1 driver •10 Lead farmers
- 17. Activities on progress Theproject is in the process of identifying 10 communities for the pilot stage. •5 in lower Nyando and another 5 mid-Nyando •Identifying a consultant for Carbon qualification is in progress •Setting up of the project data base •Awareness raising and •preparation for march/April 2011 planting in progress
- 18. PROJECT ORGANIZATION Project CBO District/ Secretariat divisions technical staff Extension locations locations officers
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