Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of disorders that affect the heart and blood vessels. CVDs are the number one cause of death worldwide according to the World Health Organization. Some common types of CVDs include heart attacks, strokes, atrial fibrillation, and renal artery disease. While some CVDs have direct causes like blockages leading to heart attacks and strokes, many CVDs are triggered by risk factors such as unhealthy habits, smoking, obesity, diabetes and hypertension. Symptoms of CVDs can vary but often include chest pain and shortness of breath. Treatment depends on the specific condition but may include medications, angioplasty, stents, bypass surgery or pacemakers.