Carbon fiber is a very strong yet lightweight material made through a process of heating and carbonizing polymer fibers to remove non-carbon atoms. It has many applications where strength and weight are important, such as in aircraft, cars, and bikes. Vibration analysis is a technique to monitor vibration levels and patterns in structures and machinery in order to detect problems like imbalance, bearing failures, and resonance, which can reduce reliability and durability if not addressed. Understanding vibration characteristics of carbon fiber composites is important for ensuring safety and performance in its various applications.

1. Vibration analysis of carbon fiber reinforced
composite laminated beam
ROLL NO -19ME8093
ROLL NO -19ME8136
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY DURGAPUR
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2. WHAT IS CARBON FIBER?
Carbon Fiber is a polymer and is sometimes known as graphite fiber. It is a very
strong material that is also very lightweight. Carbon fiber is five-times stronger
than steel and twice as stiff. Though carbon fiber is stronger and stiffer than steel,
it is lighter than steel; making it the ideal manufacturing material for many parts.
These are just a few reasons why carbon fiber is favored by engineers and
designers for manufacturing.
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4. How is Carbon Fiber Made?
An Overview of The Carbon Fiber Manufacturing Process Carbon fiber is made from a
process that is part chemical and part mechanical. It starts by drawing long strands of
fibers and then heating them to a very high temperature without allowing contact to
oxygen to prevent the fibers from burning. This is when the carbonization takes place,
which is when the atoms inside of the fibers vibrate violently, expelling most of the non-
carbon atoms. This leaves a fiber composed of long, tightly inter-locked chains of carbon
atoms with only a few non-carbon atoms remaining.
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5. Density 2.1 gm/cc
Young’s Modulus Ex = 100 GPa Ey = 10 GPa Ez = 10 GPa
Poisson’s Ratio µxy = 0.286 µyz = 0.188 µzx = 0.188
Shear Modulus Gxy = 4.89 GPa Gyz = 4.3 GPa Gzx = 4.3 GPa
Properties of carbon fiber composite laminate:
Carbon fiber is made of thin, strong crystalline filaments of carbon that is used to
strengthen material. Carbon fiber can be thinner than a strand of human hair and
gets its strength when twisted together like yarn. Then it can be woven together to
form cloth and if needed to take a permanent shape, carbon fiber can be laid over a
mold and coated in resin or plastic . On top of being strong, carbon fiber:
● Is high in stiffness
● Is high in tensile strength
● Has a low weight to strength ratio
● Is high in chemical resistance
● Is temperature tolerant to excessive heat
● Has low thermal expansion
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6. What Can Be Made With Carbon Fiber?
Almost anything. If you would like a carbon fiber pint glass, that can be made. ICE has made many
different shapes with carbon fiber and other composites, including :
 Bike frames
 Aircraft Wings
 Automotive drive shafts
 Tubing
 Containers
 Propeller blades
 Car components
According to an article at energy.gov, carbon fiber composites could reduce passenger car weight by 50%,
which would improve fuel efficiency by nearly 35% without compromising the performance of the car or
the safety of its passengers.
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7. VIBRATION:
Vibration is defined as The oscillating, reciprocating, or other periodic motion of a rigid or elastic
body or medium forced from a position or state of equilibrium
VIBRATION ANALYSIS:
Vibration analysis is a process that monitors the levels and patterns of vibration signals
within a component, machinery or structure, to detect abnormal vibration events and to
evaluate the overall condition of the test object.
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8. Vibration analysis can detect problems such as:
 Imbalance
 Bearing failures
 Mechanical looseness
 Misalignment
 Resonance and natural frequencies
 Electrical motor faults
 Bent shafts
 Gearbox failures
 Empty space or bubbles (cavitation) in pumps
 Critical speeds
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9. IMPORTANCE OF VIBRATION ANALYSIS:
Vibration may influence the durability and reliability of
machinery systems or structures and cause problems such as
damage, abnormal stopping and disaster. Vibration
measurement is an important counter measure to prevent
these problems.
Thanks
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