Canada is a federal parliamentary monarchy located in northern North America, bordered by the United States to the south. It has 10 provinces and 3 territories and is governed as a parliamentary democracy with Queen Elizabeth II as head of state. Winters can be harsh in interior provinces and the prairies, with average temperatures of -15°C but dropping below -40°C. Popular tourist attractions include Niagara Falls, the CN Tower in Toronto, and Parliament buildings in Ottawa. The official languages are English and French, though some provinces have no official languages. Canadian culture has been influenced by indigenous and European traditions as well as immigrants from around the world.