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Law Enforcement
  Officers’ Theoretical
Commitments and Their
  Effects on Attitudes
 Toward Punitiveness
     Caitlin G. Lynch
Introduction
• Law enforcement officers often initial contact with the
  criminal justice system
• Punitive attitudes of law enforcement officers vary
  significantly from officer to officer
• Variation in punitive attitudes greatly affects who enters the
  criminal justice system
• Explaining criminality through criminological theories:
     •   General Strain Theory
     •   Low Self-Control Theory
     •   Rational Choice Theory
     •   Social Learning Theory
     •   Evolutionary/Biological Approach to Crime
Methodology
• Analyzed data from Central Valley law enforcement agencies

• Administered survey electronically via supervisors (n = 178)

• Included control variables:
  • Age, gender, level of education, years of law enforcement
    experience, rank, and law enforcement agency

• Queried level of agreement with various criminological theories
  and perceived level of punitiveness

• Executed a series of OLS regression equations to explain variation
Findings and Discussion
• Age, gender, years of law enforcement experience, rank within a
  law enforcement agency, and level of education are insignificant
  predictors of punitiveness
• Law enforcement agency almost significant with addition of
  control measures
• Low self-control theory is a significant predictor of punitiveness
  (p = .01); an evolutionary/biological approach is almost
  significant (p = .06)
• Law enforcement officers who support elements of low-self
  control theory and an evolutionary/biological approach to crime
  display more punitive attitudes
• Level of agreement with elements of general strain theory,
  rational choice theory in criminology, and social learning theory
  were not significant predictors of punitiveness
Linear Regression Models
Conclusion
• A law enforcement officer’s decision to be more or less
  punitive has little to do with his or her age, gender, years of
  law enforcement experience, rank within a law enforcement
  agency, and level of education

• Theoretical commitments are more significant predictors of
  punitiveness than demographics

• It is likely that the punitive attitudes of law enforcement
  officers are shaped by the officer’s individual beliefs and
  experiences

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Caitlin lynch

  • 1. Law Enforcement Officers’ Theoretical Commitments and Their Effects on Attitudes Toward Punitiveness Caitlin G. Lynch
  • 2. Introduction • Law enforcement officers often initial contact with the criminal justice system • Punitive attitudes of law enforcement officers vary significantly from officer to officer • Variation in punitive attitudes greatly affects who enters the criminal justice system • Explaining criminality through criminological theories: • General Strain Theory • Low Self-Control Theory • Rational Choice Theory • Social Learning Theory • Evolutionary/Biological Approach to Crime
  • 3. Methodology • Analyzed data from Central Valley law enforcement agencies • Administered survey electronically via supervisors (n = 178) • Included control variables: • Age, gender, level of education, years of law enforcement experience, rank, and law enforcement agency • Queried level of agreement with various criminological theories and perceived level of punitiveness • Executed a series of OLS regression equations to explain variation
  • 4. Findings and Discussion • Age, gender, years of law enforcement experience, rank within a law enforcement agency, and level of education are insignificant predictors of punitiveness • Law enforcement agency almost significant with addition of control measures • Low self-control theory is a significant predictor of punitiveness (p = .01); an evolutionary/biological approach is almost significant (p = .06) • Law enforcement officers who support elements of low-self control theory and an evolutionary/biological approach to crime display more punitive attitudes • Level of agreement with elements of general strain theory, rational choice theory in criminology, and social learning theory were not significant predictors of punitiveness
  • 6. Conclusion • A law enforcement officer’s decision to be more or less punitive has little to do with his or her age, gender, years of law enforcement experience, rank within a law enforcement agency, and level of education • Theoretical commitments are more significant predictors of punitiveness than demographics • It is likely that the punitive attitudes of law enforcement officers are shaped by the officer’s individual beliefs and experiences