Java and C are both general purpose programming languages but differ in key ways. Java is an object-oriented language that allows code to run on any platform, while C is a procedural language used to develop operating systems and databases. Some main differences are that Java uses automatic memory management via garbage collection, only supports call by value, and variables can be declared anywhere within a block. C requires manual memory management and supports call by value and reference.

1. ObjectOrientedProgramming
TOPIC: Difference between Java and C
language
By Amit Singh
UNIVERSITY ROLL: 14501221093

2.  INTRODUCTION
• JAVA: Java is an object-oriented programming
language that produces software for multiple
platforms. When a programmer writes a Java
application, the compiled code (known as bytecode)
runs on most operating systems (OS), including
Windows, Linux, and Mac OS. Java derives much of
its syntax from the C and C++ programming
languages.
• C: C is a powerful general-purpose programming
language. It can be used to develop software like
operating systems, databases, compilers, and so on. C
programming is an excellent language to learn to
program for beginners

3.  KEY FEATURES OF JAVA
 One of the most interesting and important features which Java
supports is the WORA – Write Once Run Anywhere – feature. Once
compiled, Java code can be run on any computing platform. For
example, if a Java code has been written on a MAC Operating System,
the same Java code can be run on a Windows Operating System
without any trouble if the Windows Operating System has JVM (Java
Virtual Machine) installed on it.
 Java is purely an Object-Oriented-Programming Language, that is, all
Java codes are always written in the form of classes and objects.
 Java is a multithreaded language with automatic memory
management. It has great features for garbage collection and is
heavily used for distributed computing because of its network-
centricity.
 Java is dynamic and extensible.
 Java is also secure and robust.

4.  KEY FEATURES OF C
 C is a structured programming language that is extremely
easy to learn.
 It is an efficient programming language, that is, it is fast
and has very good performance.
 C is a highly portable and extensible programming
language because it is not tied to any hardware or system.
Any code written in C can be run on any machine which
supports C, without modifying a single line of code.
 C has a rich set of built-in Operators and libraries with
functions.
 C is modular and statically typed.

5. HISTORY
 C was developed by Dennis M. Ritchie between
1969 and 1973. C was originally developed for
UNIX operating system to beat the issues of
previous languages such as B, BCPL, etc.
 Java was developed by James Gosling in
1995.

6. Language type
C Java
 C is a Procedural
Programming Language.
 C is more procedure-
oriented.
 C is a middle-level language
because binding of the gaps
takes place between
machine-level language and
high-level languages.
 Java is an Object-
Oriented language.
 Java is more data-
oriented.
 Java is a high-level
language because the
translation of code takes
place into machine
language using a
compiler or interpreter.

7. Programming Paradigms
(pattern/models)
C Java
 C generally breaks down to
functions.
 It is more procedure oriented.
 Java breaks down to Objects.
 It is more data-oriented.
Object Management
• In C one has to manage it
manually.
• In java it is automatically
managed by the garbage
collector.

8. Memory Allocation
C Java
 Memory allocation can be
done by malloc.
 For freeing the memory
one has to use free.
 Memory allocation can be done
by a new keyword.
 Compiler will do it internally by
calling the garbage collector.
Calling Functionality
 It supports call by value
and call by reference.
 It only supports the call
by value.

9. Variable Declaration
C Java
o Declaration of variables
should be at the
beginning of the block.
o We can declare variables
anywhere though it is a good
practice to declare the variables at
the beginning of the block.
keywords
 It has 32 keywords.  It has 50 keywords.