BUSI 230
Project 1 Instructions
Based on Larson & Farber: section 2.1
Use the Project 1 Data Set to create the graphs and tables in Questions 1–4 and to answer both parts of Question 5. If you cannot figure out how to make the graphs and tables in Excel, you are welcome to draw them by hand and then submit them as a scanned document or photo.
1. Open a blank Excel file and create a grouped frequency distribution of the maximum daily temperatures for the 50 states for a 30 day period. Use 8 classes. (8 points)
2. Add midpoint, relative frequency, and cumulative frequency columns to your frequency distribution. (8 points)
3. Create a frequency histogram using Excel. You will probably need to load the Data Analysis add-in within Excel. If you do not know how to create a histogram in Excel, view the video located at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_gQUcRwDiik. A simple bar graph will also work.
If you cannot get the histogram or bar graph features to work, you may draw a histogram by hand and then scan or take a photo (your phone can probably do this) of your drawing and email it to your instructor. (8 points)
4. Create a frequency polygon in Excel (or by hand). For help, view http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Q-KdmDJirg(8 points)
5. A. Do any of the temperatures appear to be unrealistic or in error? If yes, which ones and why? (4 points)
B. Explain how this affects your confidence in the validity of this data set. (4 points)
Project 1 is due by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of Module/Week 1.
International Journal o f Clinical and Health Psychology (2014) 14, 216-220
International Journal
of Clinical and Health Psychology
w w w .elsevier.es/ijchp
THEORETICAL ARTICLE
The end of mental illness thinking?
Richard Pemberton3 *, Tony Wainwrightb
<DCrossMark
ELSEVIER
DOYMA
a University o f Brighton, United Kingdom
b University o f Exeter, United Kingdom
Received 26 May 2014; accepted 15 June 2014
A vailable on lin e 9 July 2014
KEYWORDS A b s tra c t M ental he alth th e o ry and p ra ctice are in a s ta te o f sig nifica nt flu x . This th e o re t-
Diagnosis; ic a l a rtic le places th e position taken by th e British Psychological Society Division o f C linical
F o rm u la tio n ; Psychology (DCP) in th e c o n te x t o f c u rre n t p ra ctice and seeks to c ritic a lly exam ine some o f
DSM-5; th e key fa cto rs th a t are d rivin g these transfo rm a tion s. The im petus fo r a co m p le te overhaul
W e llb e in g ; o f existing th in k in g comes fro m th e m a n ife stly poor perform ance o f m e n ta l health services in
T h e o re tic a l s tu d y w hich those w ith serious m e n ta l health problem s have reduced life expectancy. It advocates
using th e advances in our understanding o f th e psychological, social and physical mechanisms
th a t underpin psychological w e llb e in g and m e n ta l distress, and re je c tin g th e disease m odel o f
m e n ta l distress as p a rt o f an ou td a te d paradi ...
Improving Comprehensive Carefor OEF and OIF Vetsby Aslie.docxbradburgess22840
Improving Comprehensive Care
for OEF and OIF Vets
by Aslie Burnett
FILE
T IME SUBMIT T ED 20- MAR- 2015 10:4 4 AM
SUBMISSION ID 51867 4 598
WORD COUNT 64 25
CHARACT ER COUNT 39906
DISSERT AT ION_PROPOSAL.DOC (125.5K)
18%
SIMILARIT Y INDEX
17%
INT ERNET SOURCES
16%
PUBLICAT IONS
15%
ST UDENT PAPERS
1 3%
2 2%
3 1%
4 1%
5 1%
6 1%
7 1%
8 1%
Improving Comprehensive Care for OEF and OIF Vets
ORIGINALITY REPORT
PRIMARY SOURCES
vets.arizona.edu
Int ernet Source
www.ejpt.net
Int ernet Source
Karen H. Seal. "VA mental health services
utilization in Iraq and Af ghanistan veterans in
the f irst year of receiving new mental health
diagnoses", Journal of Traumatic Stress, 2010
Publicat ion
www.f as.org
Int ernet Source
Submitted to Maryville University
St udent Paper
store.samhsa.gov
Int ernet Source
yellow-f ever.rki.de
Int ernet Source
cstsf orum.org
Int ernet Source
9 1%
10 1%
11 1%
12 1%
13 <1%
14 <1%
15 <1%
16 <1%
17 <1%
18 <1%
19 <1%
20
Submitted to Laureate Higher Education Group
St udent Paper
Submitted to EDMC
St udent Paper
akf sa.org
Int ernet Source
iris.lib.neu.edu
Int ernet Source
www.acpmh.ipag.f r
Int ernet Source
onlinelibrary.wiley.com
Int ernet Source
Submitted to University of Western Australia
St udent Paper
Submitted to University of Southern Calif ornia
St udent Paper
scindeks.nb.rs
Int ernet Source
cdn.intechopen.com
Int ernet Source
www.healthemotions.org
Int ernet Source
Submitted to Palo Alto University
<1%
21 <1%
22 <1%
23 <1%
24 <1%
25 <1%
26 <1%
27 <1%
28 <1%
29 <1%
St udent Paper
Submitted to La Trobe University
St udent Paper
amhi-treatingpreventing.oup.com
Int ernet Source
Submitted to Capella Education Company
St udent Paper
www.mindf ully.org
Int ernet Source
Submitted to Pennsylvania State System of
Higher Education
St udent Paper
www.rand.org
Int ernet Source
gradworks.umi.com
Int ernet Source
patriotoutreach.org
Int ernet Source
Ticknor, Bobbie and Tillinghast, Sherry. "Virtual
Reality and the Criminal Justice System: New
Possibilities f or Research, Training, and
Rehabilitation", Journal of Virtual Worlds
Research, 2011.
Publicat ion
30 <1%
31 <1%
32 <1%
33 <1%
34 <1%
35 <1%
Michael E. Smith. "Bilateral hippocampal
volume reduction in adults with post-traumatic
stress disorder: A meta-analysis of structural
MRI studies", Hippocampus, 2005
Publicat ion
etd.lib.f su.edu
Int ernet Source
digital.library.adelaide.edu.au
Int ernet Source
cdn.govexec.com
Int ernet Source
Yelena Bogdanova. "Cognitive Sequelae of
Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury: Recovery
and Rehabilitation", Neuropsychology Review,
02/17/2012
Publicat ion
Nanda, U., H. L. B. Gaydos, K. Hathorn, and N.
Watkins. "Art and Posttraumatic Stress: A
Review of the Empirical Literature on the
Therapeutic Implications of Artwork f or War
Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder",
Environment and Behavior, 201.
In understanding the basis of Cognitive Neuroeducation (CNE), a new paradigm in the goal of full recovery from cognitive and behavioral disorder, a review of its antecedents is important. CNE evolved from the revolutionary breakthrough modality of Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (CET), which, at the time of its development, presented a whole new approach to intervention in cognitive and behavioral dysfunction. CNE has evolved considerably from CET, incorporating newer understandings of behavioral outcomes from the synthesis of the leading research in neuroscience, psychology, human evolution and the social sciences, emerging as a second-generation modality building from the seminal foundations laid by CET. This paper describes those foundations by introducing CET through a summary of its origins, principles, curriculum and legacy of demonstrated efficacy.
EMPIRICAL STUDYThe meaning of learning to live with medica.docxSALU18
EMPIRICAL STUDY
The meaning of learning to live with medically
unexplained symptoms as narrated by patients in primary
care: A phenomenological�hermeneutic study
EVA LIDÉN, PhD1, ELISABETH BJÖRK-BRÄMBERG, PhD2 &
STAFFAN SVENSSON, MD3
1Institute of Health and Care Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2Institute
of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden, and 3Angered Family Medicine Unit, Angered, Sweden
Abstract
Background: Although research about medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) is extensive, problems still affect a
large group of primary care patients. Most research seems to address the topic from a problem-oriented, medical
perspective, and there is a lack of research addressing the topic from a perspective viewing the patient as a capable person
with potential and resources to manage daily life. The aim of the present study is to describe and interpret the experiences of
learning to live with MUS as narrated by patients in primary health-care settings.
Methods: A phenomenological�hermeneutic method was used. Narrative interviews were performed with ten patients
suffering from MUS aged 24�61 years. Data were analysed in three steps: naive reading, structural analysis, and
comprehensive understanding.
Findings: The findings revealed a learning process that is presented in two themes. The first, feeling that the symptoms
overwhelm life, involved becoming restricted and dependent in daily life and losing the sense of self. The second, gaining
insights and moving on, was based on subthemes describing the patients’ search for explanations, learning to take care of
oneself, as well as learning to accept and becoming mindful. The findings were reflected against Antonovsky’s theory of sense
of coherence and Kelly’s personal construct theory. Possibilities and obstacles, on an individual as well as a structural level,
for promoting patients’ capacity and learning were illuminated.
Conclusions: Patients suffering from MUS constantly engage in a reflective process involving reasoning about and
interpretation of their symptoms. Their efforts to describe their symptoms to healthcare professionals are part of this
reflection and search for meaning. The role of healthcare professionals in the interpretative process should be acknowledged
as a conventional and necessary care activity.
Key words: MUS, primary care, person centred care, phenomenological-hermeneutics
(Accepted: 19 March 2015; Published: 16 April 2015)
Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) is a condi-
tion that affects a large but heterogeneous group
of people. The health services have so far been
unsuccessful in addressing the healthcare needs of
these people, partly because of outdated theories and
diagnostic systems that fail to encompass the com-
plexity of the patients’ health problems (Fink &
Rosendal, 2008). The lack of a medical explanation
and cure leaves patients and healthcare professionals
in a ...
This document provides a framework for improving collaboration between primary care and mental health services globally. It takes a three-step approach:
1. Identifying mental health services that can be delivered in primary care settings by primary care providers, with or without support from mental health professionals.
2. Outlining ways that effective collaboration can enhance primary mental health care, such as integrating mental health services within primary care settings or coordinating care when services are separate.
3. Examining system changes needed to support new roles and activities, and how collaboration can help address challenges facing all mental health systems.
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH
1
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH 2
Evidence Based Practice Grant Proposal
Table of Contents
31.Purpose
42.Background
5Research objectives
6Theoretical framework
63.EBP Model
74.Proposed Change
85.Outcomes
86.Evaluation Plan
97.Dissemination Plan
9Tools to be Used
9Peer review tools for the proposal
11Grant Request
11Proposed Tasks
11Task 1: Case study- Reviewing existing literature on stigma around mental health complications
11Task 2: Interviewing clinicians that have dealt with the study topic
12Task 3: Interviewing patients of mental health
12Schedule
13Budget
148.Appendices
14a.Informed Consent
19Certificate of Consent
19Signature or Date
21b.Literature Matrix
32c.Tools and equipment to be used
34References
Grant Proposal-Assessing the role of stigma towards mental health patients in help seeking
Study problem
There are several studies that have shown that stigmatization towards mental health patients have been present throughout history and even despite the evolution in modern medicine and advanced treatment. For example, Verhaeghe et al., (2014), captures in a publication in reference to a study that he conducted that stigmatization towards mental health patients has been there even as early is in the 18th Century. People were hesitant to interact with people termed or perceived to have mental health conditions.
Stigmatization has resulted from the belief that those with mental problem are aggressive and dangerous creating a social distance (Szeto et al., 2017). Also, mental health-related stigma has become of major concern as it creates crucial barriers to access treatment and quality care since it not only influences the behaviour of the patients but also the attitude of the providers hence impacting help-seeking. Timmermann, Uhrenfeldt and Birkelund (2014), have identified stigma as a barrier that is of significance to care or help seeking while the extent to which it still remains a barrier have not been reviewed deeply. Therefore, this study will assess the role contributed by stigma in help seeking in depth. 1. Purpose
The intention of the research study is to review the association between stigma, mental illness and help seeking in order to formulate ways in which the stigma that is around mental health is done away with to enable as many people suffering from mental health complications to seek medical help.2. Background
Mental health is crucial in every stage of life. It is defined as the state of psychological well-being whereby the individual realizes a satisfactory integration instinctual drive acceptable to both oneself and his or her social setting (Ritchie & Roser, 2018). The status of mental health influences physical health, relationships, and most importantly day-to-day life. Mental health problems arise when there is a ...
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH
1
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH 2
Evidence Based Practice Grant Proposal
Table of Contents
3
4
5
6
6
7
8
8
9
9
9
11
11
11
11
12
12
13
14
14
19
19
21
32
34
Grant Proposal-Assessing the role of stigma towards mental health patients in help seeking
Study problem
There are several studies that have shown that stigmatization towards mental health patients have been present throughout history and even despite the evolution in modern medicine and advanced treatment. For example, Verhaeghe et al., (2014), captures in a publication in reference to a study that he conducted that stigmatization towards mental health patients has been there even as early is in the 18th Century. People were hesitant to interact with people termed or perceived to have mental health conditions.
Stigmatization has resulted from the belief that those with mental problem are aggressive and dangerous creating a social distance (Szeto et al., 2017). Also, mental health-related stigma has become of major concern as it creates crucial barriers to access treatment and quality care since it not only influences the behaviour of the patients but also the attitude of the providers hence impacting help-seeking. Timmermann, Uhrenfeldt and Birkelund (2014), have identified stigma as a barrier that is of significance to care or help seeking while the extent to which it still remains a barrier have not been reviewed deeply. Therefore, this study will assess the role contributed by stigma in help seeking in depth. 1. Purpose
The intention of the research study is to review the association between stigma, mental illness and help seeking in order to formulate ways in which the stigma that is around mental health is done away with to enable as many people suffering from mental health complications to seek medical help.2. Background
Mental health is crucial in every stage of life. It is defined as the state of psychological well-being whereby the individual realizes a satisfactory integration instinctual drive acceptable to both oneself and his or her social setting (Ritchie & Roser, 2018). The status of mental health influences physical health, relationships, and most importantly day-to-day life. Mental health problems arise when there is a disruption in mental well-being.
The risk factors to mental health problems are not limited and therefore everyone is entitled to the problem irrespective of gender, economic status, and ethnic group. For example, data shows that in America one out of five individuals experience mental health problems annually; with mental disorders being recognized as the leading cause of disability not only in the United States but also globally (Ritchie & Roser, 2018). Mental health disorders are seen to be complex and of many forms such as anxiety, mood, and schizophren.
This document was produced for a Webinar for the Association of Directors of Public Health (ADHP www.adph.org.uk ) on 27th April 2017 in partnership with Public Health England (PHE www.gov.uk/phe) Hertfordshire County Council (www.hertfordshire.gov.uk) and the Health Psychology in Public Health Network (HPPHN www.hppn.org.uk ).
The document summarizes a study that assessed the validity of using the PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 questionnaires to screen for and diagnose depression in a rural area of Chiapas, Mexico. The study found that:
1) Confirmatory factor analysis suggested the 1-factor structure of the PHQ-9 fit the data reasonably well.
2) The PHQ-9 showed good internal consistency and validity, with participants diagnosed with depression having lower quality of life scores.
3) Using the PHQ-9 as the standard, the optimal cutoff for the PHQ-2 to screen for depression was a score of 3, with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 86.8%.
Improving Comprehensive Carefor OEF and OIF Vetsby Aslie.docxbradburgess22840
Improving Comprehensive Care
for OEF and OIF Vets
by Aslie Burnett
FILE
T IME SUBMIT T ED 20- MAR- 2015 10:4 4 AM
SUBMISSION ID 51867 4 598
WORD COUNT 64 25
CHARACT ER COUNT 39906
DISSERT AT ION_PROPOSAL.DOC (125.5K)
18%
SIMILARIT Y INDEX
17%
INT ERNET SOURCES
16%
PUBLICAT IONS
15%
ST UDENT PAPERS
1 3%
2 2%
3 1%
4 1%
5 1%
6 1%
7 1%
8 1%
Improving Comprehensive Care for OEF and OIF Vets
ORIGINALITY REPORT
PRIMARY SOURCES
vets.arizona.edu
Int ernet Source
www.ejpt.net
Int ernet Source
Karen H. Seal. "VA mental health services
utilization in Iraq and Af ghanistan veterans in
the f irst year of receiving new mental health
diagnoses", Journal of Traumatic Stress, 2010
Publicat ion
www.f as.org
Int ernet Source
Submitted to Maryville University
St udent Paper
store.samhsa.gov
Int ernet Source
yellow-f ever.rki.de
Int ernet Source
cstsf orum.org
Int ernet Source
9 1%
10 1%
11 1%
12 1%
13 <1%
14 <1%
15 <1%
16 <1%
17 <1%
18 <1%
19 <1%
20
Submitted to Laureate Higher Education Group
St udent Paper
Submitted to EDMC
St udent Paper
akf sa.org
Int ernet Source
iris.lib.neu.edu
Int ernet Source
www.acpmh.ipag.f r
Int ernet Source
onlinelibrary.wiley.com
Int ernet Source
Submitted to University of Western Australia
St udent Paper
Submitted to University of Southern Calif ornia
St udent Paper
scindeks.nb.rs
Int ernet Source
cdn.intechopen.com
Int ernet Source
www.healthemotions.org
Int ernet Source
Submitted to Palo Alto University
<1%
21 <1%
22 <1%
23 <1%
24 <1%
25 <1%
26 <1%
27 <1%
28 <1%
29 <1%
St udent Paper
Submitted to La Trobe University
St udent Paper
amhi-treatingpreventing.oup.com
Int ernet Source
Submitted to Capella Education Company
St udent Paper
www.mindf ully.org
Int ernet Source
Submitted to Pennsylvania State System of
Higher Education
St udent Paper
www.rand.org
Int ernet Source
gradworks.umi.com
Int ernet Source
patriotoutreach.org
Int ernet Source
Ticknor, Bobbie and Tillinghast, Sherry. "Virtual
Reality and the Criminal Justice System: New
Possibilities f or Research, Training, and
Rehabilitation", Journal of Virtual Worlds
Research, 2011.
Publicat ion
30 <1%
31 <1%
32 <1%
33 <1%
34 <1%
35 <1%
Michael E. Smith. "Bilateral hippocampal
volume reduction in adults with post-traumatic
stress disorder: A meta-analysis of structural
MRI studies", Hippocampus, 2005
Publicat ion
etd.lib.f su.edu
Int ernet Source
digital.library.adelaide.edu.au
Int ernet Source
cdn.govexec.com
Int ernet Source
Yelena Bogdanova. "Cognitive Sequelae of
Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury: Recovery
and Rehabilitation", Neuropsychology Review,
02/17/2012
Publicat ion
Nanda, U., H. L. B. Gaydos, K. Hathorn, and N.
Watkins. "Art and Posttraumatic Stress: A
Review of the Empirical Literature on the
Therapeutic Implications of Artwork f or War
Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder",
Environment and Behavior, 201.
In understanding the basis of Cognitive Neuroeducation (CNE), a new paradigm in the goal of full recovery from cognitive and behavioral disorder, a review of its antecedents is important. CNE evolved from the revolutionary breakthrough modality of Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (CET), which, at the time of its development, presented a whole new approach to intervention in cognitive and behavioral dysfunction. CNE has evolved considerably from CET, incorporating newer understandings of behavioral outcomes from the synthesis of the leading research in neuroscience, psychology, human evolution and the social sciences, emerging as a second-generation modality building from the seminal foundations laid by CET. This paper describes those foundations by introducing CET through a summary of its origins, principles, curriculum and legacy of demonstrated efficacy.
EMPIRICAL STUDYThe meaning of learning to live with medica.docxSALU18
EMPIRICAL STUDY
The meaning of learning to live with medically
unexplained symptoms as narrated by patients in primary
care: A phenomenological�hermeneutic study
EVA LIDÉN, PhD1, ELISABETH BJÖRK-BRÄMBERG, PhD2 &
STAFFAN SVENSSON, MD3
1Institute of Health and Care Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2Institute
of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden, and 3Angered Family Medicine Unit, Angered, Sweden
Abstract
Background: Although research about medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) is extensive, problems still affect a
large group of primary care patients. Most research seems to address the topic from a problem-oriented, medical
perspective, and there is a lack of research addressing the topic from a perspective viewing the patient as a capable person
with potential and resources to manage daily life. The aim of the present study is to describe and interpret the experiences of
learning to live with MUS as narrated by patients in primary health-care settings.
Methods: A phenomenological�hermeneutic method was used. Narrative interviews were performed with ten patients
suffering from MUS aged 24�61 years. Data were analysed in three steps: naive reading, structural analysis, and
comprehensive understanding.
Findings: The findings revealed a learning process that is presented in two themes. The first, feeling that the symptoms
overwhelm life, involved becoming restricted and dependent in daily life and losing the sense of self. The second, gaining
insights and moving on, was based on subthemes describing the patients’ search for explanations, learning to take care of
oneself, as well as learning to accept and becoming mindful. The findings were reflected against Antonovsky’s theory of sense
of coherence and Kelly’s personal construct theory. Possibilities and obstacles, on an individual as well as a structural level,
for promoting patients’ capacity and learning were illuminated.
Conclusions: Patients suffering from MUS constantly engage in a reflective process involving reasoning about and
interpretation of their symptoms. Their efforts to describe their symptoms to healthcare professionals are part of this
reflection and search for meaning. The role of healthcare professionals in the interpretative process should be acknowledged
as a conventional and necessary care activity.
Key words: MUS, primary care, person centred care, phenomenological-hermeneutics
(Accepted: 19 March 2015; Published: 16 April 2015)
Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) is a condi-
tion that affects a large but heterogeneous group
of people. The health services have so far been
unsuccessful in addressing the healthcare needs of
these people, partly because of outdated theories and
diagnostic systems that fail to encompass the com-
plexity of the patients’ health problems (Fink &
Rosendal, 2008). The lack of a medical explanation
and cure leaves patients and healthcare professionals
in a ...
This document provides a framework for improving collaboration between primary care and mental health services globally. It takes a three-step approach:
1. Identifying mental health services that can be delivered in primary care settings by primary care providers, with or without support from mental health professionals.
2. Outlining ways that effective collaboration can enhance primary mental health care, such as integrating mental health services within primary care settings or coordinating care when services are separate.
3. Examining system changes needed to support new roles and activities, and how collaboration can help address challenges facing all mental health systems.
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH
1
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH 2
Evidence Based Practice Grant Proposal
Table of Contents
31.Purpose
42.Background
5Research objectives
6Theoretical framework
63.EBP Model
74.Proposed Change
85.Outcomes
86.Evaluation Plan
97.Dissemination Plan
9Tools to be Used
9Peer review tools for the proposal
11Grant Request
11Proposed Tasks
11Task 1: Case study- Reviewing existing literature on stigma around mental health complications
11Task 2: Interviewing clinicians that have dealt with the study topic
12Task 3: Interviewing patients of mental health
12Schedule
13Budget
148.Appendices
14a.Informed Consent
19Certificate of Consent
19Signature or Date
21b.Literature Matrix
32c.Tools and equipment to be used
34References
Grant Proposal-Assessing the role of stigma towards mental health patients in help seeking
Study problem
There are several studies that have shown that stigmatization towards mental health patients have been present throughout history and even despite the evolution in modern medicine and advanced treatment. For example, Verhaeghe et al., (2014), captures in a publication in reference to a study that he conducted that stigmatization towards mental health patients has been there even as early is in the 18th Century. People were hesitant to interact with people termed or perceived to have mental health conditions.
Stigmatization has resulted from the belief that those with mental problem are aggressive and dangerous creating a social distance (Szeto et al., 2017). Also, mental health-related stigma has become of major concern as it creates crucial barriers to access treatment and quality care since it not only influences the behaviour of the patients but also the attitude of the providers hence impacting help-seeking. Timmermann, Uhrenfeldt and Birkelund (2014), have identified stigma as a barrier that is of significance to care or help seeking while the extent to which it still remains a barrier have not been reviewed deeply. Therefore, this study will assess the role contributed by stigma in help seeking in depth. 1. Purpose
The intention of the research study is to review the association between stigma, mental illness and help seeking in order to formulate ways in which the stigma that is around mental health is done away with to enable as many people suffering from mental health complications to seek medical help.2. Background
Mental health is crucial in every stage of life. It is defined as the state of psychological well-being whereby the individual realizes a satisfactory integration instinctual drive acceptable to both oneself and his or her social setting (Ritchie & Roser, 2018). The status of mental health influences physical health, relationships, and most importantly day-to-day life. Mental health problems arise when there is a ...
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH
1
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH 2
Evidence Based Practice Grant Proposal
Table of Contents
3
4
5
6
6
7
8
8
9
9
9
11
11
11
11
12
12
13
14
14
19
19
21
32
34
Grant Proposal-Assessing the role of stigma towards mental health patients in help seeking
Study problem
There are several studies that have shown that stigmatization towards mental health patients have been present throughout history and even despite the evolution in modern medicine and advanced treatment. For example, Verhaeghe et al., (2014), captures in a publication in reference to a study that he conducted that stigmatization towards mental health patients has been there even as early is in the 18th Century. People were hesitant to interact with people termed or perceived to have mental health conditions.
Stigmatization has resulted from the belief that those with mental problem are aggressive and dangerous creating a social distance (Szeto et al., 2017). Also, mental health-related stigma has become of major concern as it creates crucial barriers to access treatment and quality care since it not only influences the behaviour of the patients but also the attitude of the providers hence impacting help-seeking. Timmermann, Uhrenfeldt and Birkelund (2014), have identified stigma as a barrier that is of significance to care or help seeking while the extent to which it still remains a barrier have not been reviewed deeply. Therefore, this study will assess the role contributed by stigma in help seeking in depth. 1. Purpose
The intention of the research study is to review the association between stigma, mental illness and help seeking in order to formulate ways in which the stigma that is around mental health is done away with to enable as many people suffering from mental health complications to seek medical help.2. Background
Mental health is crucial in every stage of life. It is defined as the state of psychological well-being whereby the individual realizes a satisfactory integration instinctual drive acceptable to both oneself and his or her social setting (Ritchie & Roser, 2018). The status of mental health influences physical health, relationships, and most importantly day-to-day life. Mental health problems arise when there is a disruption in mental well-being.
The risk factors to mental health problems are not limited and therefore everyone is entitled to the problem irrespective of gender, economic status, and ethnic group. For example, data shows that in America one out of five individuals experience mental health problems annually; with mental disorders being recognized as the leading cause of disability not only in the United States but also globally (Ritchie & Roser, 2018). Mental health disorders are seen to be complex and of many forms such as anxiety, mood, and schizophren.
This document was produced for a Webinar for the Association of Directors of Public Health (ADHP www.adph.org.uk ) on 27th April 2017 in partnership with Public Health England (PHE www.gov.uk/phe) Hertfordshire County Council (www.hertfordshire.gov.uk) and the Health Psychology in Public Health Network (HPPHN www.hppn.org.uk ).
The document summarizes a study that assessed the validity of using the PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 questionnaires to screen for and diagnose depression in a rural area of Chiapas, Mexico. The study found that:
1) Confirmatory factor analysis suggested the 1-factor structure of the PHQ-9 fit the data reasonably well.
2) The PHQ-9 showed good internal consistency and validity, with participants diagnosed with depression having lower quality of life scores.
3) Using the PHQ-9 as the standard, the optimal cutoff for the PHQ-2 to screen for depression was a score of 3, with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 86.8%.
How treating psychological and social needs can improve the daily lives of the chronically ill, creating a new model for outpatient care, quality of life and aging, humanization of care, streamlining responsibilities of hospital staff and news around the world.
Activity: Week 2 SWOT PowerPoint
Due Week 2 and worth 200 points
Dr. John Bradley is an Emergency Room physician. He worked a 24-hour shift due to a staff shortage. As a result, he had a patient that died because he failed to provide a duty of care, he breached his duty, and caused an injury. A prima facie case of negligence was established when Dr. Bradley failed to provide appropriate medical care. Liability was also based on ‘res ipsa loguitor’ (the thing speaks for itself). The incident is considered a Sentinel Event and must be reported to The Joint Commission (a non-profit hospital regulatory agency).
After a trend analysis of several Sentinel Events, “We Care Hospital” fired the Health Care Administrator. As a result, you were hired as the new Health Care Administrator. You have reviewed the Sentinel Event with Dr. John Bradley and discovered several factors that showed the hospital was negligent. The three basic forms for negligence are malfeasance, misfeasance, and nonfeasance. Your first task is to rationalize your answers by using any applicable legal precedents.
Then, prepare a Microsoft PowerPoint 10-slide narrative using a SWOT Analysis. A SWOT Analysis identifies strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in a situation. Review the video: Strategic Planning and SWOT Analysis. To help you prepare the narrative PowerPoint using Microsoft 365 and older versions, review the video: Record a slide show with narration and slide timings.
Your 10-slide SWOT PowerPoint should follow this format:
1. Slide 1: Cover Page
a. Include the title of your presentation, the course number and course title, your name, your professor’s name, and the date.
2. Slide 2: Background / Executive Summary
a. Describe the details of the situation. Use bullets with short sentences. The title of this slide should be Executive Summary.
3. Slide 3: Thesis Statement
a. Identify the focus of your research. The title of this slide should be Thesis Statement.
4. Slides 4-9: Support
a. Support your thesis statement following the SESC formula: State, Explain, Support, and Conclude. (An overview of using Sublevel 1 and Sublevel 2 headings is provided in the following video: APA Style - Formatting the Title Page, Abstract, and Body).
b. You should include at least three court cases and related peer-reviewed articles from within the past five years. In-text citations should be in the American Psychological Association (APA) format.
5. Slides 10: References
a. Use APA format for your Reference slide. (To help you with APA in-text citations and your Reference list, some students use Citation Machine.
Note: Writing Resources are available from Strayer University’s Writing Center, Tutor.com, and Grammarly.com.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
· Examine the various applications of the law within the health care system.
· Analyze how such various applications of the law affect decisions in the development and operation of a heal ...
10 STRATEGIC POINTS DOCUMENT 2 THE 10 STRATEGIC POsimisterchristen
10 STRATEGIC POINTS DOCUMENT 2
THE 10 STRATEGIC POINTS 2
SAMPLE 10 STRATEGIC POINTS
Grand Canyon University
DNP-820A: Translational Research and Evidence-Based Practice
10 Strategic Points Document for a Quality Improvement Project
Ten Strategic Points
The 10 Strategic Points
Title of Project
1)
Title of Project
Impact the number of depression screenings and referrals to a child psychologist
Background
Theoretical Foundation
Literature Synthesis
Practice Change Recommendation
2)
Background to Chosen Evidence-Based Intervention:
List the primary points for six sections.
i) Background of the practice problem/gap at the project site
One of the primary causes of disability worldwide, depression affects a sizable percentage of the population. Persistent feelings of sadness and guilt, changes in sleeping patterns (insomnia or oversleeping), changes in appetite, decreased mental and physical energy, unusual irritability, inability to enjoy once-enjoyed activities, difficulty working, and thoughts of death or suicide are all symptoms that can be associated with any type of depressive disorder. These "down" symptoms alone may indicate a unipolar depressive disorder like dysthymia or severe depression if they are present. A person may be diagnosed with bipolar illness if they experience alternating spells of depression and euphoria. Adolescents and young adults increasingly have difficulties with their mental health (Poppen et al., 2016). An individual's mental health is something only they can fully comprehend, making it difficult for friends and loved ones to spot warning signs in time to intervene. Juvenile and young adult suicide is a major problem in today's world. A lack of life experiences, self-confidence, and faith in one's own skills contribute to the suicides of many young individuals.
ii) Significance of the practice problem/gap at the project site
Mental illness has been a problem that is affected the population for a long period and worryingly young people and adolescents are experiencing many effects that lead to some committing suicide. The stress that today's youth encounter nowadays is the most significant of all these issues, especially the pressure they receive based on their academic expectations and poor communication about their troubles to their parents. There is also a gap in the schools in terms of students receiving counseling services because there are limited professional counselors that attend to student needs. Despite the fact that psychologists claim stress could be caused by anything, many young people find the rapid pace of modern life to be a significant source of anxiety. Many young individuals are inspired to take their own lives by the media's glorified depiction of suicide (Poppen et al., 2016). The reality that suicide is always fatal seems to be lost on many young people. Young people, in other words, consider suicide an o ...
Evolution of the biopsychosocial model: prospects and challenges for health p...ellen1066
The document discusses the evolution and current state of the biopsychosocial model in health psychology. It finds that while advances have been made in specifying connections between biological, psychological, and social processes, more can be done to understand and utilize linkages among these variables. Specifically, the biopsychosocial model has not been fully embraced by the medical establishment or implemented in all health psychology research. The document recommends initiatives to better facilitate a multisystem, multilevel approach as envisioned by the biopsychosocial perspective.
This document summarizes the theoretical framework, instruments, and design of a study evaluating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of long-term psychoanalytic treatment. The study uses a multiple cohort design to follow patients in four cohorts representing different phases of treatment: before treatment, one year into treatment, at the end of treatment, and two years post-treatment. Outcome measures assess symptomatic functioning and structural change, using both theory-based and a-theoretical instruments. The study aims to expand the evidence base for psychoanalytic treatment given difficulties with randomized controlled trials for long-term interventions.
The Clinical Practice Guidelines produced by the departments of Defense and Veterans Affairs provide a framework for ensuring evidence-based care for patients with mTBI. This webinar will demonstrate two mobile applications produced by the National Center for Telehealth & Technology that offer providers evidence-informed tools for the treatment and engagement in clinical care of patients with mTBI.
Recovery from Addictions in Healthcare workers - by Ann Sparks (research synt...Ann Hinnen Sparks
This document provides background information for a proposed qualitative study examining the experiences and perceptions of healthcare practitioners in long-term recovery from addiction. The study aims to understand how perceptions of stigma, social support, and spirituality change throughout the recovery process. 18 participants who entered non-punitive recovery programs at least 5 years prior will be interviewed. Modeling and Role Modeling theory guides the study by taking a holistic, client-centered approach. Key concepts of stigma, social support, and spirituality are defined. The proposed method is a phenomenological analysis of interviews to identify themes in practitioners' recovery journeys and how their views have changed over time.
This document discusses the formation of Behavioral Emergency Response Teams (BERT) in hospitals to quickly de-escalate potentially violent situations involving patients exhibiting dangerous behaviors. The objectives of BERT are to promote safety for patients and staff. A literature review found that BERT reduced injuries and increased staff satisfaction by providing psychiatric expertise. The author recommends that BERT teams have clear communication structures, availability, and properly trained members to effectively handle behavioral emergencies.
This document proposes an internship to develop an arts-based program to address mental health among college students at CUNY. It provides background on the need to address mental health through innovative approaches. A conceptual model is presented showing factors that contribute to student stress, including cultural, social, and environmental factors. The internship aims to create a curriculum using art to help alleviate stress. Short and long-term outcomes are outlined, showing how the program could benefit students' daily lives and provide evidence to support future mental health legislation. Careful evaluation of program activities and their ability to achieve outcomes is discussed. The goal is to explore how art can fit into traditional mental health interventions and expand knowledge in the field.
Edna b. foa barbara olasov rothbaum elizabeth a. hembree - prolonged exposu...ericaduran
This document provides an introduction to prolonged exposure therapy for treating PTSD. It describes the treatment's basis in emotional processing theory and exposure techniques. Prolonged exposure therapy uses psychoeducation, breathing retraining, in vivo exposure to trauma reminders, and imaginal exposure to the traumatic memory. The document reviews diagnostic criteria for PTSD and provides background on the prevalence and development of this evidence-based treatment program.
Edna b. foa barbara olasov rothbaum elizabeth a. hembree - prolonged exposu...ericaduran
An estimated 70% of adults in the United States have experienced a traumatic event at least once in their lives. Though most recover on their own, up to 20% develop chronic Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. For these people, overcoming PTSD requires the help of a professional.
1. The document presents 12 graphs and diagrams that depict important issues in population health.
2. The graphs show how lifestyle and health behaviors are the dominant influences on health outcomes, and how gaps in care lead to disappointing results.
3. Additional graphs illustrate challenges such as low medication adherence, clinical inertia, the slow adoption of new medical knowledge, and the impact of health literacy on population health.
10 STRATEGIC POINTS
2
10 STRATEGIC POINTS
2
Factors that Influence Utilization of Public Mental Health Services
RSD-851: Residency: Dissertation
Grand Canyon University
October 5, 2020
10 Strategic Points
My Degree: Ph.D.
Program Emphasis: Industrial Organizational Psychology
Ten Strategic Points
Comments or Feedback
Broad Topic Area
Factors that Influence Utilization of Public Mental Health Services
Lit Review
(Theoretical Framework (Theory)
Gaps
Themes
All Citations
Gaps
A. Basu, Rehkopf, Siddiqi, Glymour, & Kawachi (2016). According to the authors, there is a gap here in the changes being experienced in social policies in recent years. It has created a gap among women with low income in South Texas. Accordingly, the authors used the determination of the differences in income to understand the relationships between health outcomes and welfare reforms as it impacts the less privileged women in comparison to the most affected women.
B. Ly, A. (2019). This study focused on the factors that influence the utilization of mental health among Vietnamese Americans and the barriers to seeking help in Texas. The study had 12 participants including providers and community leaders who were familiar with the target population. The findings of the study indicated that there is a gap here in cultural acceptance of mental health treatment. Hence the need to culturally specify mental health intervention to improve mental health utilization in the community. However, the study was limited by the small sample size; therefore, the findings cannot be generalized. Further studies should include more cultural groups to validate the findings of this research.
C. Kwan, P. P., Soniega-Sherwood, J., Esmundo, S., Watts, J., Pike, J., Sabado-Liwag, M., & Palmer, P. H. (2020). The authors of this study aimed to evaluate the facilitators and barriers to mental health utilization among Pacific Islanders. Semi structure interviews were used to collect information from 12 pacific islanders. Trained community leaders recruited eligible candidates for the study. The study was limited by the small sample size. Five themes arose from the study. There is a gap here in regard to cost of healthcare, mental health stigma and language and culture barriers, which were the themes that emerged concerning barriers affecting the utilization of mental health services. The researchers indicated the need for future studies to include a larger sample size to enable generalization of the findings.
D. Volkert, J., Andreas, S., Härter, M., Dehoust, M. C., Sehner, S., Suling, A., . . . Schulz, H. (2018). The aim of this study was to evaluate various aspects of the utilization of mental health services among the elderly. The study had 3,142 participants aged between 65-84 years. Logic regression approach was used to analyze predisposing, enabling, and need factors among the participants. Similarly, the study found that there is ...
10 STRATEGIC POINTS
2
10 STRATEGIC POINTS
2
Factors that Influence Utilization of Public Mental Health Services
RSD-851: Residency: Dissertation
Grand Canyon University
October 5, 2020
10 Strategic Points
My Degree: Ph.D.
Program Emphasis: Industrial Organizational Psychology
Ten Strategic Points
Comments or Feedback
Broad Topic Area
Factors that Influence Utilization of Public Mental Health Services
Lit Review
(Theoretical Framework (Theory)
Gaps
Themes
All Citations
Gaps
A. Basu, Rehkopf, Siddiqi, Glymour, & Kawachi (2016). According to the authors, there is a gap here in the changes being experienced in social policies in recent years. It has created a gap among women with low income in South Texas. Accordingly, the authors used the determination of the differences in income to understand the relationships between health outcomes and welfare reforms as it impacts the less privileged women in comparison to the most affected women.
B. Ly, A. (2019). This study focused on the factors that influence the utilization of mental health among Vietnamese Americans and the barriers to seeking help in Texas. The study had 12 participants including providers and community leaders who were familiar with the target population. The findings of the study indicated that there is a gap here in cultural acceptance of mental health treatment. Hence the need to culturally specify mental health intervention to improve mental health utilization in the community. However, the study was limited by the small sample size; therefore, the findings cannot be generalized. Further studies should include more cultural groups to validate the findings of this research.
C. Kwan, P. P., Soniega-Sherwood, J., Esmundo, S., Watts, J., Pike, J., Sabado-Liwag, M., & Palmer, P. H. (2020). The authors of this study aimed to evaluate the facilitators and barriers to mental health utilization among Pacific Islanders. Semi structure interviews were used to collect information from 12 pacific islanders. Trained community leaders recruited eligible candidates for the study. The study was limited by the small sample size. Five themes arose from the study. There is a gap here in regard to cost of healthcare, mental health stigma and language and culture barriers, which were the themes that emerged concerning barriers affecting the utilization of mental health services. The researchers indicated the need for future studies to include a larger sample size to enable generalization of the findings.
D. Volkert, J., Andreas, S., Härter, M., Dehoust, M. C., Sehner, S., Suling, A., . . . Schulz, H. (2018). The aim of this study was to evaluate various aspects of the utilization of mental health services among the elderly. The study had 3,142 participants aged between 65-84 years. Logic regression approach was used to analyze predisposing, enabling, and need factors among the participants. Similarly, the study found that there is ...
DQ 2-1 responses 55. The Change Theory was a three-stage model o.docxelinoraudley582231
The document discusses Kurt Lewin's three-stage model of change known as the unfreezing-change-refreezing model. It explains each stage: unfreezing involves making people open to change, change is the process of adopting new behaviors or thoughts, and refreezing establishes the new habit. It also discusses the importance of effective communication between healthcare professionals and patients, and some barriers like language differences. Strategies to minimize disruptions include using a translator, speaking clearly, and checking for understanding.
The document discusses mental health services in the UK for depression. It provides statistics on depression prevalence and details primary and secondary care systems for mental health. Primary care focuses on diagnosis, management and prevention, while secondary care handles more severe cases, like those involving psychosis or hospitalization. The document critiques gaps in primary care for mental health and outlines guidelines and pathways to improve treatment, such as increasing accessibility and using evidence-based therapies like CBT.
· For this assignment you will use the Quantitative and the QualitLesleyWhitesidefv
· For this assignment you will use the Quantitative and the Qualitative article that you submitted for week 4 assignment that were related to your week 2 picot question.
· Only articles you uploaded and used in week 4 (Quantitative or Qualitative) are to be submitted. Articles must be current (within the last 5 years). All articles must be related to the field of nursing and related to the topic list from week 2.
· Write a summary (one to two pages)
· In the summary identify differences in article designs and research methods. Describe the differences in your articles designs and methods. Carefully review the rubric before you submit. This summary is using your own words to examine the differences specifically between the articles.
· Use current APA style for your summary paper and to cite your sources.
· Submit the Articles and the summary, APA Format
Week 4 assignment articles used are attached separately
Week 2 Assignment PICOT Questions:
Question 1: In nurses with acute stress, how does mindfulness plan compared to relaxing to music reduce an individual's stress symptoms?
Question 2: how do first-time mothers of premature babies in NICU overcome postnatal stress during the first two months after birth?
Question 3: How does the use of exercises compare to medication in reducing stress among elderly people?
RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access
Mixed feelings: general practitioners’
attitudes towards eHealth for stress urinary
incontinence - a qualitative study
Lotte Firet* , Chrissy de Bree, Carmen M. Verhoeks, Doreth A. M. Teunissen and Antoine L. M. Lagro-Janssen
Abstract
Background: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is the most prevalent subtype of urinary incontinence and is a bothering
condition in women. Only a minority of those with SUI consult a general practitioner (GP). EHealth with pelvic
floor muscle training (PFMT) is effective in reducing incontinence symptoms and might increase access to care.
The role of the GP regarding such an eHealth intervention is unknown. The aim of the study is to gain insight
into the attitudes towards a PFMT internet-based, eHealth, intervention for SUI.
Methods: A qualitative study was conducted. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews among
purposively sampled GPs. Audio records were fully transcribed, and analysed thematically.
Results: Thirteen GPs were interviewed, nine females and four males. Three themes emerged: appraisal of eHealth as a
welcome new tool, mixed feelings about a supportive role, and eHealth is no cure-all. GPs welcomed eHealth for SUI
as matching their preferences for PFMT and having advantages for patients. With eHealth as stand-alone therapy GPs
were concerned about the lack of feedback, and the loss of motivation to adhere to the intervention. Therefore, GPs
considered personal support important. The GP’s decision to recommend eHealth was strongly influenced by
a woman’s motivation and her age. GPs’ treatment preferences for elderly are d ...
This document summarizes a research study that surveyed 837 mental health professionals to determine their views on various models of mental illness. It found that professionals' endorsement of models differed depending on the specific illness. For schizophrenia, they most endorsed a biological model followed by cognitive and behavioral aspects. For depression, a social model was most endorsed followed by cognitive and behavioral aspects, with biological being least endorsed. For antisocial personality disorder, professionals most endorsed social constructionist and nihilist models, suggesting lack of interest in viewing it as a mental illness. The implications of professionals' endorsed models are discussed, such as impacts on treatment approaches, responsibility attribution, stigma, and access to social benefits.
Rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury 2005Tláloc Estrada
This document summarizes a book titled "Rehabilitation for Traumatic Brain Injury" which contains chapters written by experts in various areas of brain injury rehabilitation. The book aims to provide a concise overview of the current state of knowledge in different aspects of traumatic brain injury rehabilitation, identify gaps in research, and recommend priorities for future research. It covers topics such as rehabilitation of specific cognitive impairments, special populations, medical interventions, and the role of neuroimaging in rehabilitation. The goal is for the book to serve as a resource for both researchers and practitioners working in the field of brain injury rehabilitation.
HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENTUNIT I Part IV JOURNAL Instruct.docxpooleavelina
HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT
UNIT I Part IV JOURNAL Instruction:
You are the newly appointed compliance officer for a major medical center in Chicago. One key objective of your compliance plan is to create a secure and effective reporting process so that you can avoid qui tam lawsuits against your hospital. Your goal is to have zero qui tam lawsuits during your tenure as compliance officer. What steps will you take to avoid such lawsuits against your facility?
Your journal entry must be at least 200 words. No references or citations are necessary. SIMPLE SHEET / NO HEAD RUNNING / NOTHING JUST 200 WORDS _____________________________________________________________________________ DO NOT MIXED Part I & PART II. There are two different assignments. Posted separated.
_____________________________________________________________________________
UNIT I Part IV Instructions
You have just been hired as a compliance officer for your healthcare organization, and you have discovered that the food services department of the organization is not in compliance with state food safety regulations for healthcare organizations. The board of directors has requested a report from you and your team that contains an outline of the issues that have been occurring within the food services department that have caused it to become noncompliant, a plan to bring the department into compliance, and a description of how you and your team plan to maintain the department’s compliance in the future.
Your report should cover the following topics:
· a description of the foodborne hazards that have occurred within the healthcare organization that have caused it to become noncompliant,
· why it is important for patient recovery that the food service department maintain food safety and become complaint with state regulations,
· the key elements of your compliance plan, and
· the importance of internal audits and project management in the creation, implementation, and maintenance of the compliance plan.
Your report should consist of at least three pages, not including a title page and reference pages. Please be sure to use APA formatting for all sources, including your textbook. You must use at least three sources, one of which can be your textbook.
Course Textbook(s)
Safian, S. C. (2014). Fundamentals of health care administration. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
Randomized Clinical Trial of Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training
for Schizophrenia: Improvement in Functioning and Experiential
Negative Symptoms
Eric Granholm and Jason Holden
Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and University
of California, San Diego
Peter C. Link
Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System
John R. McQuaid
Veterans Affairs San Francisco Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco
Objective: Identifying treatments to improve functioning and reduce negative symptoms in consumers
with schizophrenia is of high publ ...
APPLYING ANALYTIC TECHNIQUES TO BUSINESS1APPLYING ANALYTIC T.docxRAHUL126667
APPLYING ANALYTIC TECHNIQUES TO BUSINESS
1
APPLYING ANALYTIC TECHNIQUES TO BUSINESS
2Applying Analytic Techniques to Business
3/16/2020Introduction
Ford Motor is a company that has its original situation in the United States of America. The company has its core business as producing motor vehicles; the company is the Fourth highest producer in the world. The company came to existence in the year 1903, with the present state being one of the companies with a production rate of higher standards compared to its competitors. The company has produced motor vehicles not only in the United States of America but the whole world consisting of diverse brands. Throughout the years, the firm has created different development techniques planned for supporting the general target of keeping up the upper hand in the market. The organization's development is bolstered by different escalated techniques that incorporate market improvement, item advancement, and market entrance. There likewise exist conventional methodologies that steer Ford's business seriousness. Even though there have been a few nonexclusive procedures, cost administration remains the hugest power behind the automaker's prosperity.
Ford’s Operations
The Ford Motor Company has an extensive list of their products and administrations which incorporate autos and substantial business vehicles just as car financing administrations. Their engines include minimal effort vehicles that are created to pull in a more extensive client extend, extravagance autos, trucks, transports, and Motorsport vehicles. Their blend of items and administrations guarantees that the firm can contend well in the vehicle business. Through advancement, the organization has likewise added to a superior situation by creating vehicles that sudden spike in demand for less fuel, hydrogen, and power along these lines empowering the association to acquire clients in recent years.
The firm effectively executes its commitments to its outer clients who buy their vehicles just as its inward clients who comprise of staff in different divisions and who depend on various offices to encourage the smooth progression of their day by day obligations. For the outside clients, the vehicles they buy must satisfy specific guidelines dependent on the details for which they are fabricated. For example, the extravagance vehicles ought to be in a situation to give solace and security dependent on the base market models, simplicity of route, and saving money on fuel utilization. While such principles are structure qualifiers, the firm should endeavor to think of more request champs that recognize their extravagance vehicles from those of contenders. To accomplish this, ford had created a technology that aimed at producing their products with diverse differentiation compared to their competitors.
Ford prior concocted advancements that set their items apart from others. For instance, it built up the EcoBoost suite of advances that decreased the s.
More Related Content
Similar to BUSI 230Project 1 InstructionsBased on Larson & Farber sectio.docx
How treating psychological and social needs can improve the daily lives of the chronically ill, creating a new model for outpatient care, quality of life and aging, humanization of care, streamlining responsibilities of hospital staff and news around the world.
Activity: Week 2 SWOT PowerPoint
Due Week 2 and worth 200 points
Dr. John Bradley is an Emergency Room physician. He worked a 24-hour shift due to a staff shortage. As a result, he had a patient that died because he failed to provide a duty of care, he breached his duty, and caused an injury. A prima facie case of negligence was established when Dr. Bradley failed to provide appropriate medical care. Liability was also based on ‘res ipsa loguitor’ (the thing speaks for itself). The incident is considered a Sentinel Event and must be reported to The Joint Commission (a non-profit hospital regulatory agency).
After a trend analysis of several Sentinel Events, “We Care Hospital” fired the Health Care Administrator. As a result, you were hired as the new Health Care Administrator. You have reviewed the Sentinel Event with Dr. John Bradley and discovered several factors that showed the hospital was negligent. The three basic forms for negligence are malfeasance, misfeasance, and nonfeasance. Your first task is to rationalize your answers by using any applicable legal precedents.
Then, prepare a Microsoft PowerPoint 10-slide narrative using a SWOT Analysis. A SWOT Analysis identifies strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in a situation. Review the video: Strategic Planning and SWOT Analysis. To help you prepare the narrative PowerPoint using Microsoft 365 and older versions, review the video: Record a slide show with narration and slide timings.
Your 10-slide SWOT PowerPoint should follow this format:
1. Slide 1: Cover Page
a. Include the title of your presentation, the course number and course title, your name, your professor’s name, and the date.
2. Slide 2: Background / Executive Summary
a. Describe the details of the situation. Use bullets with short sentences. The title of this slide should be Executive Summary.
3. Slide 3: Thesis Statement
a. Identify the focus of your research. The title of this slide should be Thesis Statement.
4. Slides 4-9: Support
a. Support your thesis statement following the SESC formula: State, Explain, Support, and Conclude. (An overview of using Sublevel 1 and Sublevel 2 headings is provided in the following video: APA Style - Formatting the Title Page, Abstract, and Body).
b. You should include at least three court cases and related peer-reviewed articles from within the past five years. In-text citations should be in the American Psychological Association (APA) format.
5. Slides 10: References
a. Use APA format for your Reference slide. (To help you with APA in-text citations and your Reference list, some students use Citation Machine.
Note: Writing Resources are available from Strayer University’s Writing Center, Tutor.com, and Grammarly.com.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
· Examine the various applications of the law within the health care system.
· Analyze how such various applications of the law affect decisions in the development and operation of a heal ...
10 STRATEGIC POINTS DOCUMENT 2 THE 10 STRATEGIC POsimisterchristen
10 STRATEGIC POINTS DOCUMENT 2
THE 10 STRATEGIC POINTS 2
SAMPLE 10 STRATEGIC POINTS
Grand Canyon University
DNP-820A: Translational Research and Evidence-Based Practice
10 Strategic Points Document for a Quality Improvement Project
Ten Strategic Points
The 10 Strategic Points
Title of Project
1)
Title of Project
Impact the number of depression screenings and referrals to a child psychologist
Background
Theoretical Foundation
Literature Synthesis
Practice Change Recommendation
2)
Background to Chosen Evidence-Based Intervention:
List the primary points for six sections.
i) Background of the practice problem/gap at the project site
One of the primary causes of disability worldwide, depression affects a sizable percentage of the population. Persistent feelings of sadness and guilt, changes in sleeping patterns (insomnia or oversleeping), changes in appetite, decreased mental and physical energy, unusual irritability, inability to enjoy once-enjoyed activities, difficulty working, and thoughts of death or suicide are all symptoms that can be associated with any type of depressive disorder. These "down" symptoms alone may indicate a unipolar depressive disorder like dysthymia or severe depression if they are present. A person may be diagnosed with bipolar illness if they experience alternating spells of depression and euphoria. Adolescents and young adults increasingly have difficulties with their mental health (Poppen et al., 2016). An individual's mental health is something only they can fully comprehend, making it difficult for friends and loved ones to spot warning signs in time to intervene. Juvenile and young adult suicide is a major problem in today's world. A lack of life experiences, self-confidence, and faith in one's own skills contribute to the suicides of many young individuals.
ii) Significance of the practice problem/gap at the project site
Mental illness has been a problem that is affected the population for a long period and worryingly young people and adolescents are experiencing many effects that lead to some committing suicide. The stress that today's youth encounter nowadays is the most significant of all these issues, especially the pressure they receive based on their academic expectations and poor communication about their troubles to their parents. There is also a gap in the schools in terms of students receiving counseling services because there are limited professional counselors that attend to student needs. Despite the fact that psychologists claim stress could be caused by anything, many young people find the rapid pace of modern life to be a significant source of anxiety. Many young individuals are inspired to take their own lives by the media's glorified depiction of suicide (Poppen et al., 2016). The reality that suicide is always fatal seems to be lost on many young people. Young people, in other words, consider suicide an o ...
Evolution of the biopsychosocial model: prospects and challenges for health p...ellen1066
The document discusses the evolution and current state of the biopsychosocial model in health psychology. It finds that while advances have been made in specifying connections between biological, psychological, and social processes, more can be done to understand and utilize linkages among these variables. Specifically, the biopsychosocial model has not been fully embraced by the medical establishment or implemented in all health psychology research. The document recommends initiatives to better facilitate a multisystem, multilevel approach as envisioned by the biopsychosocial perspective.
This document summarizes the theoretical framework, instruments, and design of a study evaluating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of long-term psychoanalytic treatment. The study uses a multiple cohort design to follow patients in four cohorts representing different phases of treatment: before treatment, one year into treatment, at the end of treatment, and two years post-treatment. Outcome measures assess symptomatic functioning and structural change, using both theory-based and a-theoretical instruments. The study aims to expand the evidence base for psychoanalytic treatment given difficulties with randomized controlled trials for long-term interventions.
The Clinical Practice Guidelines produced by the departments of Defense and Veterans Affairs provide a framework for ensuring evidence-based care for patients with mTBI. This webinar will demonstrate two mobile applications produced by the National Center for Telehealth & Technology that offer providers evidence-informed tools for the treatment and engagement in clinical care of patients with mTBI.
Recovery from Addictions in Healthcare workers - by Ann Sparks (research synt...Ann Hinnen Sparks
This document provides background information for a proposed qualitative study examining the experiences and perceptions of healthcare practitioners in long-term recovery from addiction. The study aims to understand how perceptions of stigma, social support, and spirituality change throughout the recovery process. 18 participants who entered non-punitive recovery programs at least 5 years prior will be interviewed. Modeling and Role Modeling theory guides the study by taking a holistic, client-centered approach. Key concepts of stigma, social support, and spirituality are defined. The proposed method is a phenomenological analysis of interviews to identify themes in practitioners' recovery journeys and how their views have changed over time.
This document discusses the formation of Behavioral Emergency Response Teams (BERT) in hospitals to quickly de-escalate potentially violent situations involving patients exhibiting dangerous behaviors. The objectives of BERT are to promote safety for patients and staff. A literature review found that BERT reduced injuries and increased staff satisfaction by providing psychiatric expertise. The author recommends that BERT teams have clear communication structures, availability, and properly trained members to effectively handle behavioral emergencies.
This document proposes an internship to develop an arts-based program to address mental health among college students at CUNY. It provides background on the need to address mental health through innovative approaches. A conceptual model is presented showing factors that contribute to student stress, including cultural, social, and environmental factors. The internship aims to create a curriculum using art to help alleviate stress. Short and long-term outcomes are outlined, showing how the program could benefit students' daily lives and provide evidence to support future mental health legislation. Careful evaluation of program activities and their ability to achieve outcomes is discussed. The goal is to explore how art can fit into traditional mental health interventions and expand knowledge in the field.
Edna b. foa barbara olasov rothbaum elizabeth a. hembree - prolonged exposu...ericaduran
This document provides an introduction to prolonged exposure therapy for treating PTSD. It describes the treatment's basis in emotional processing theory and exposure techniques. Prolonged exposure therapy uses psychoeducation, breathing retraining, in vivo exposure to trauma reminders, and imaginal exposure to the traumatic memory. The document reviews diagnostic criteria for PTSD and provides background on the prevalence and development of this evidence-based treatment program.
Edna b. foa barbara olasov rothbaum elizabeth a. hembree - prolonged exposu...ericaduran
An estimated 70% of adults in the United States have experienced a traumatic event at least once in their lives. Though most recover on their own, up to 20% develop chronic Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. For these people, overcoming PTSD requires the help of a professional.
1. The document presents 12 graphs and diagrams that depict important issues in population health.
2. The graphs show how lifestyle and health behaviors are the dominant influences on health outcomes, and how gaps in care lead to disappointing results.
3. Additional graphs illustrate challenges such as low medication adherence, clinical inertia, the slow adoption of new medical knowledge, and the impact of health literacy on population health.
10 STRATEGIC POINTS
2
10 STRATEGIC POINTS
2
Factors that Influence Utilization of Public Mental Health Services
RSD-851: Residency: Dissertation
Grand Canyon University
October 5, 2020
10 Strategic Points
My Degree: Ph.D.
Program Emphasis: Industrial Organizational Psychology
Ten Strategic Points
Comments or Feedback
Broad Topic Area
Factors that Influence Utilization of Public Mental Health Services
Lit Review
(Theoretical Framework (Theory)
Gaps
Themes
All Citations
Gaps
A. Basu, Rehkopf, Siddiqi, Glymour, & Kawachi (2016). According to the authors, there is a gap here in the changes being experienced in social policies in recent years. It has created a gap among women with low income in South Texas. Accordingly, the authors used the determination of the differences in income to understand the relationships between health outcomes and welfare reforms as it impacts the less privileged women in comparison to the most affected women.
B. Ly, A. (2019). This study focused on the factors that influence the utilization of mental health among Vietnamese Americans and the barriers to seeking help in Texas. The study had 12 participants including providers and community leaders who were familiar with the target population. The findings of the study indicated that there is a gap here in cultural acceptance of mental health treatment. Hence the need to culturally specify mental health intervention to improve mental health utilization in the community. However, the study was limited by the small sample size; therefore, the findings cannot be generalized. Further studies should include more cultural groups to validate the findings of this research.
C. Kwan, P. P., Soniega-Sherwood, J., Esmundo, S., Watts, J., Pike, J., Sabado-Liwag, M., & Palmer, P. H. (2020). The authors of this study aimed to evaluate the facilitators and barriers to mental health utilization among Pacific Islanders. Semi structure interviews were used to collect information from 12 pacific islanders. Trained community leaders recruited eligible candidates for the study. The study was limited by the small sample size. Five themes arose from the study. There is a gap here in regard to cost of healthcare, mental health stigma and language and culture barriers, which were the themes that emerged concerning barriers affecting the utilization of mental health services. The researchers indicated the need for future studies to include a larger sample size to enable generalization of the findings.
D. Volkert, J., Andreas, S., Härter, M., Dehoust, M. C., Sehner, S., Suling, A., . . . Schulz, H. (2018). The aim of this study was to evaluate various aspects of the utilization of mental health services among the elderly. The study had 3,142 participants aged between 65-84 years. Logic regression approach was used to analyze predisposing, enabling, and need factors among the participants. Similarly, the study found that there is ...
10 STRATEGIC POINTS
2
10 STRATEGIC POINTS
2
Factors that Influence Utilization of Public Mental Health Services
RSD-851: Residency: Dissertation
Grand Canyon University
October 5, 2020
10 Strategic Points
My Degree: Ph.D.
Program Emphasis: Industrial Organizational Psychology
Ten Strategic Points
Comments or Feedback
Broad Topic Area
Factors that Influence Utilization of Public Mental Health Services
Lit Review
(Theoretical Framework (Theory)
Gaps
Themes
All Citations
Gaps
A. Basu, Rehkopf, Siddiqi, Glymour, & Kawachi (2016). According to the authors, there is a gap here in the changes being experienced in social policies in recent years. It has created a gap among women with low income in South Texas. Accordingly, the authors used the determination of the differences in income to understand the relationships between health outcomes and welfare reforms as it impacts the less privileged women in comparison to the most affected women.
B. Ly, A. (2019). This study focused on the factors that influence the utilization of mental health among Vietnamese Americans and the barriers to seeking help in Texas. The study had 12 participants including providers and community leaders who were familiar with the target population. The findings of the study indicated that there is a gap here in cultural acceptance of mental health treatment. Hence the need to culturally specify mental health intervention to improve mental health utilization in the community. However, the study was limited by the small sample size; therefore, the findings cannot be generalized. Further studies should include more cultural groups to validate the findings of this research.
C. Kwan, P. P., Soniega-Sherwood, J., Esmundo, S., Watts, J., Pike, J., Sabado-Liwag, M., & Palmer, P. H. (2020). The authors of this study aimed to evaluate the facilitators and barriers to mental health utilization among Pacific Islanders. Semi structure interviews were used to collect information from 12 pacific islanders. Trained community leaders recruited eligible candidates for the study. The study was limited by the small sample size. Five themes arose from the study. There is a gap here in regard to cost of healthcare, mental health stigma and language and culture barriers, which were the themes that emerged concerning barriers affecting the utilization of mental health services. The researchers indicated the need for future studies to include a larger sample size to enable generalization of the findings.
D. Volkert, J., Andreas, S., Härter, M., Dehoust, M. C., Sehner, S., Suling, A., . . . Schulz, H. (2018). The aim of this study was to evaluate various aspects of the utilization of mental health services among the elderly. The study had 3,142 participants aged between 65-84 years. Logic regression approach was used to analyze predisposing, enabling, and need factors among the participants. Similarly, the study found that there is ...
DQ 2-1 responses 55. The Change Theory was a three-stage model o.docxelinoraudley582231
The document discusses Kurt Lewin's three-stage model of change known as the unfreezing-change-refreezing model. It explains each stage: unfreezing involves making people open to change, change is the process of adopting new behaviors or thoughts, and refreezing establishes the new habit. It also discusses the importance of effective communication between healthcare professionals and patients, and some barriers like language differences. Strategies to minimize disruptions include using a translator, speaking clearly, and checking for understanding.
The document discusses mental health services in the UK for depression. It provides statistics on depression prevalence and details primary and secondary care systems for mental health. Primary care focuses on diagnosis, management and prevention, while secondary care handles more severe cases, like those involving psychosis or hospitalization. The document critiques gaps in primary care for mental health and outlines guidelines and pathways to improve treatment, such as increasing accessibility and using evidence-based therapies like CBT.
· For this assignment you will use the Quantitative and the QualitLesleyWhitesidefv
· For this assignment you will use the Quantitative and the Qualitative article that you submitted for week 4 assignment that were related to your week 2 picot question.
· Only articles you uploaded and used in week 4 (Quantitative or Qualitative) are to be submitted. Articles must be current (within the last 5 years). All articles must be related to the field of nursing and related to the topic list from week 2.
· Write a summary (one to two pages)
· In the summary identify differences in article designs and research methods. Describe the differences in your articles designs and methods. Carefully review the rubric before you submit. This summary is using your own words to examine the differences specifically between the articles.
· Use current APA style for your summary paper and to cite your sources.
· Submit the Articles and the summary, APA Format
Week 4 assignment articles used are attached separately
Week 2 Assignment PICOT Questions:
Question 1: In nurses with acute stress, how does mindfulness plan compared to relaxing to music reduce an individual's stress symptoms?
Question 2: how do first-time mothers of premature babies in NICU overcome postnatal stress during the first two months after birth?
Question 3: How does the use of exercises compare to medication in reducing stress among elderly people?
RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access
Mixed feelings: general practitioners’
attitudes towards eHealth for stress urinary
incontinence - a qualitative study
Lotte Firet* , Chrissy de Bree, Carmen M. Verhoeks, Doreth A. M. Teunissen and Antoine L. M. Lagro-Janssen
Abstract
Background: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is the most prevalent subtype of urinary incontinence and is a bothering
condition in women. Only a minority of those with SUI consult a general practitioner (GP). EHealth with pelvic
floor muscle training (PFMT) is effective in reducing incontinence symptoms and might increase access to care.
The role of the GP regarding such an eHealth intervention is unknown. The aim of the study is to gain insight
into the attitudes towards a PFMT internet-based, eHealth, intervention for SUI.
Methods: A qualitative study was conducted. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews among
purposively sampled GPs. Audio records were fully transcribed, and analysed thematically.
Results: Thirteen GPs were interviewed, nine females and four males. Three themes emerged: appraisal of eHealth as a
welcome new tool, mixed feelings about a supportive role, and eHealth is no cure-all. GPs welcomed eHealth for SUI
as matching their preferences for PFMT and having advantages for patients. With eHealth as stand-alone therapy GPs
were concerned about the lack of feedback, and the loss of motivation to adhere to the intervention. Therefore, GPs
considered personal support important. The GP’s decision to recommend eHealth was strongly influenced by
a woman’s motivation and her age. GPs’ treatment preferences for elderly are d ...
This document summarizes a research study that surveyed 837 mental health professionals to determine their views on various models of mental illness. It found that professionals' endorsement of models differed depending on the specific illness. For schizophrenia, they most endorsed a biological model followed by cognitive and behavioral aspects. For depression, a social model was most endorsed followed by cognitive and behavioral aspects, with biological being least endorsed. For antisocial personality disorder, professionals most endorsed social constructionist and nihilist models, suggesting lack of interest in viewing it as a mental illness. The implications of professionals' endorsed models are discussed, such as impacts on treatment approaches, responsibility attribution, stigma, and access to social benefits.
Rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury 2005Tláloc Estrada
This document summarizes a book titled "Rehabilitation for Traumatic Brain Injury" which contains chapters written by experts in various areas of brain injury rehabilitation. The book aims to provide a concise overview of the current state of knowledge in different aspects of traumatic brain injury rehabilitation, identify gaps in research, and recommend priorities for future research. It covers topics such as rehabilitation of specific cognitive impairments, special populations, medical interventions, and the role of neuroimaging in rehabilitation. The goal is for the book to serve as a resource for both researchers and practitioners working in the field of brain injury rehabilitation.
HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENTUNIT I Part IV JOURNAL Instruct.docxpooleavelina
HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT
UNIT I Part IV JOURNAL Instruction:
You are the newly appointed compliance officer for a major medical center in Chicago. One key objective of your compliance plan is to create a secure and effective reporting process so that you can avoid qui tam lawsuits against your hospital. Your goal is to have zero qui tam lawsuits during your tenure as compliance officer. What steps will you take to avoid such lawsuits against your facility?
Your journal entry must be at least 200 words. No references or citations are necessary. SIMPLE SHEET / NO HEAD RUNNING / NOTHING JUST 200 WORDS _____________________________________________________________________________ DO NOT MIXED Part I & PART II. There are two different assignments. Posted separated.
_____________________________________________________________________________
UNIT I Part IV Instructions
You have just been hired as a compliance officer for your healthcare organization, and you have discovered that the food services department of the organization is not in compliance with state food safety regulations for healthcare organizations. The board of directors has requested a report from you and your team that contains an outline of the issues that have been occurring within the food services department that have caused it to become noncompliant, a plan to bring the department into compliance, and a description of how you and your team plan to maintain the department’s compliance in the future.
Your report should cover the following topics:
· a description of the foodborne hazards that have occurred within the healthcare organization that have caused it to become noncompliant,
· why it is important for patient recovery that the food service department maintain food safety and become complaint with state regulations,
· the key elements of your compliance plan, and
· the importance of internal audits and project management in the creation, implementation, and maintenance of the compliance plan.
Your report should consist of at least three pages, not including a title page and reference pages. Please be sure to use APA formatting for all sources, including your textbook. You must use at least three sources, one of which can be your textbook.
Course Textbook(s)
Safian, S. C. (2014). Fundamentals of health care administration. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
Randomized Clinical Trial of Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training
for Schizophrenia: Improvement in Functioning and Experiential
Negative Symptoms
Eric Granholm and Jason Holden
Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and University
of California, San Diego
Peter C. Link
Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System
John R. McQuaid
Veterans Affairs San Francisco Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco
Objective: Identifying treatments to improve functioning and reduce negative symptoms in consumers
with schizophrenia is of high publ ...
Similar to BUSI 230Project 1 InstructionsBased on Larson & Farber sectio.docx (20)
APPLYING ANALYTIC TECHNIQUES TO BUSINESS1APPLYING ANALYTIC T.docxRAHUL126667
APPLYING ANALYTIC TECHNIQUES TO BUSINESS
1
APPLYING ANALYTIC TECHNIQUES TO BUSINESS
2Applying Analytic Techniques to Business
3/16/2020Introduction
Ford Motor is a company that has its original situation in the United States of America. The company has its core business as producing motor vehicles; the company is the Fourth highest producer in the world. The company came to existence in the year 1903, with the present state being one of the companies with a production rate of higher standards compared to its competitors. The company has produced motor vehicles not only in the United States of America but the whole world consisting of diverse brands. Throughout the years, the firm has created different development techniques planned for supporting the general target of keeping up the upper hand in the market. The organization's development is bolstered by different escalated techniques that incorporate market improvement, item advancement, and market entrance. There likewise exist conventional methodologies that steer Ford's business seriousness. Even though there have been a few nonexclusive procedures, cost administration remains the hugest power behind the automaker's prosperity.
Ford’s Operations
The Ford Motor Company has an extensive list of their products and administrations which incorporate autos and substantial business vehicles just as car financing administrations. Their engines include minimal effort vehicles that are created to pull in a more extensive client extend, extravagance autos, trucks, transports, and Motorsport vehicles. Their blend of items and administrations guarantees that the firm can contend well in the vehicle business. Through advancement, the organization has likewise added to a superior situation by creating vehicles that sudden spike in demand for less fuel, hydrogen, and power along these lines empowering the association to acquire clients in recent years.
The firm effectively executes its commitments to its outer clients who buy their vehicles just as its inward clients who comprise of staff in different divisions and who depend on various offices to encourage the smooth progression of their day by day obligations. For the outside clients, the vehicles they buy must satisfy specific guidelines dependent on the details for which they are fabricated. For example, the extravagance vehicles ought to be in a situation to give solace and security dependent on the base market models, simplicity of route, and saving money on fuel utilization. While such principles are structure qualifiers, the firm should endeavor to think of more request champs that recognize their extravagance vehicles from those of contenders. To accomplish this, ford had created a technology that aimed at producing their products with diverse differentiation compared to their competitors.
Ford prior concocted advancements that set their items apart from others. For instance, it built up the EcoBoost suite of advances that decreased the s.
Apply the general overview of court structure in the United States (.docxRAHUL126667
Apply the general overview of court structure in the United States (Fig. 1.2) to your local community. (Critical Thinking Question 1)
Constitutional rights of the accused is, of course, a controversial topic. The crime control model, in particular, decries letting the obviously guilty go free on "technicalities," whereas the due process model emphasizes basic rights. What common ground do these two approaches share? Where do they disagree most?
.
Apply the Paramedic Method to the following five selections.docxRAHUL126667
Apply the Paramedic Method to the following five selections
1) As a means of providing scientists with appropriate tertiary data, the conference is intended to serve as a communication medium for everyone involved in the manipulation and dissemination of research findings.
2) The decision by the managers was that the committee for road improvement would cease its activity for the duration of the term.
3) From the beginning, the writing of this research article was marked by reluctance.
4. . If we shadows have offended,
Think but this, and all is mended,
That you have but slumber'd here
While these visions did appear.
And this weak and idle theme,
No more yielding but a dream,
5.. Four score
and seven
years ago
our fathers brought forth, upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived, and so dedicated, can long endure.
.
Application of Standards of CareDiscuss the standard(s) of c.docxRAHUL126667
Application of Standards of Care
Discuss the standard(s) of care to which the parties will be held in this case scenario. How will the standards of care and your state’s Nurse Practice Act be applied in the courts if the case is sued?
Case Scenario
SK, age 61, went to the hospital with what she thought was a bad cold, and was admitted with a diagnosis of pneumonia. Following admission, she became increasingly feverish and short of breath, but her family’s calls for help went unanswered. In fact, her daughter was unable to find anyone when she went to the nurses’ station looking for help. The patient eventually stopped breathing, and someone finally responded to the family’s desperate and frantic calls for help. SK was successfully resuscitated, but sustained brain damage due to oxygen deprivation. She was left unable to walk, talk, or care for herself.
Because of nurse understaffing in the hospital, her assigned RN had not assessed her often enough and did not monitor her oxygen level. There were 41 other patients on this unit. Although the hospital’s own staffing standards called for five registered nurses and two licensed practical nurses to staff this unit, only three registered nurses were on duty. Records for the unit in question indicated that the hospital failed to meet its own staffing standards for 51 out of 59 days before this incident.
.
Application of the Nursing Process to Deliver Culturally Compe.docxRAHUL126667
Application of the Nursing Process to Deliver Culturally Competent Care.
Research the literature for an appropriate professional article that discusses the health care needs of your selected cultural group.
It should include 5-7 pages within the body of the paper with 3-5 references (at least two articles/book references).
Papers must follow
APA format
7th edition format, and include a title page, citations, and reference pages.
View the
APA Sample Template
APA Sample Template - Alternative Formats
.
Submit the paper in the drop box provided in Blackboard.
View
Formal Paper Rubric
for grading criteria.
Need help with Blackboard?
Review the
Submitting Assignments tutorial
.
Formal Paper Resources
Formal Paper Resources
Formal Paper Resources
Below are helpful resources to assist you with completing the Formal Paper.Click on each link to view.
Dreams from Endangered Culture
- With stunning photos and stories, National Geographic Explorer Wade Davis celebrates the extraordinary diversity of the world's indigenous cultures, which are disappearing from the planet at an alarming rate.
Photos of Endangered Cultures
- Photographer Phil Borges shows rarely seen images of people from the mountains of Dharamsala, India, and the jungles of the Ecuadorean Amazon. In documenting these endangered cultures, he intends to help preserve them.
The Danger of a Single Story
- Our lives, our cultures, are composed of many overlapping stories. Novelist Chimamanda Adichie tells the story of how she found her authentic cultural voice — and warns that if we hear only a single story about another person or country, we risk a critical misunderstanding.
Theories & Models
Cultural Competence Project
Giger and Davidhizar
Giger and Davidhizar - Alternative Formats
Madeleine M.
Leninger
- Transcultural Nursing Culture Care Theory
Resource Library
You can also revisit
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
- Office of Minority Health
Log in and c lick on the
ToolKit - Resource Library
tab
The Resource Library has many useful descriptions and examples of models to use for your Formal Paper.
*NOTE:
Wikipedia is not a source to be used in any of the generated work; using it will result in a “zero” for the assignmen
.
Application Ware House-Application DesignAppointyAppoi.docxRAHUL126667
Application Ware House-Application Design
Appointy
Appointy allows users grow and manage their business in one and easy to use user interface.
The software helps users schedule online customers daily anywhere and at anytime,
Improve productivity and it enables business manage their staff in multiple locations.
Appointy helps organizations attract more customers through online marketing channels such as facebook and twitter.
Advantages of Saas
Accessibility SaaS can run on any OS regardless of its Mac OS, Blackberry Tablet Os,
Cost reduction and quick commissioning; due to the amount of money saved, there are no initial licensing costs.
Scalability; It is not necessary for an organization to purchase more service space or software licenses.
Updates; Saas providers update software and hardware and this has saved on time and workload for the consumer.
Saas is easily accessible and can run on any operating system regardless of its Mac OS. Besides, it is highly accessible and a user only requires an internet browser to begin their operations.
Saas providers update their software and hardware which saves on time and workload fro the consumer. The software is centrally on the server and new functions and update are implemented more frequently and efficiently.
Saas software is associated with cost reduction and quick comissioning,one of the major benefits o using Saas is the amount of money that culd be potentially saved.
3
Disadvantages of Saas
Data security risks; businesses are required to keep their information private as the provider is the one storing the company data.
Termination of service; Businesses can lose their data and files if the provider terminates their services for reasons such as lawsuits and bankruptcy.
Performance challenges; Software on local machines may run faster compared to Saas being hosted in a remote data centre.
Limited Applications; Saas relies on multiple software solutions.
Saas is associated with limited applications, a number of business that use SaaS grow daily and there are software applications that do not offer a hosted platform, the company will have to be hosted on site especially if it relies on multiple software sources.
Software in local machines are likely to run at a faster speed when compared to Saas that is hosted inn remote data centre.
Organizations are likely to face data security risks since data is stored by a provider.
4
Advantages of An in-house customized software
Users of the program will find the custom-made program more friendly.
The organization is provided with a greater control, which is crucial if the business ha some specific needs that an average commercial product can fulfill.
It also makes the interface more easy to use and provides easy accessibility to knowledgeable support.
The organization is likely obtain support from individual who have developed the software at hand.
customized software is more efficient,as it can cover every aspect of the business without the.
Application of the Belmont PrinciplesFirst, identify your .docxRAHUL126667
Application of the Belmont Principles
First, identify your research topic, including the key concepts you hope to investigate, any relationship you will look for between or among them—if anticipating a quantitative study—and who you anticipate as the target population.
RESEARCH TOPIC: Application of The Cognitive Psychology in Mental Illness or Trauma
Then, briefly identify how you would apply the three Belmont principles (beneficence, justice, and respect for persons) when you conduct your study.
Your post will be assessed based on the following:
· A thorough and high-quality post will apply one or more of the Belmont principles to all of the following elements of a research design:
o How one samples and recruits participants.
o How one collects data from those participants.
o How one manages, organizes, and conducts analyses of the data.
o How one reports the findings.
· An acceptable but lower quality post will apply at least one of the Belmont Principles to at least two of the design elements.
· A low-quality post will apply a Belmont principle to only one design element.
· An unacceptable post will not apply any Belmont principles to any design elements.
.
APPLE is only one of the multiple companies that have approved and d.docxRAHUL126667
APPLE is only one of the multiple companies that have approved and declared a stock split, the most recent one on a 4-for-1 basis last August 28, 2020. Analyze and explain:
(i) What is a stock split;
(ii) Why do you think that APPLE has approved this stock split decision;
(iii) How has that the stock split affected APPLE’s stocks’ value;
(iv) What is the APPLE’s current dividend payout ratio;
(v) How do you think that the APPLE’s dividend payout ratio may affect to the stocks’ value.
This exercise assesses the following learning outcomes:
(i) the evaluation of the dividend payout ratio,
(ii) the trade-off between paying dividends and retaining the profits within the company,
(iii) the purpose and procedure related to stock repurchases, and
(iv) the evaluation and advice on a firm going from private to a public company.
.
Appliance Warehouse Service Plan.The discussion focuses on the.docxRAHUL126667
Appliance Warehouse Service Plan.
The discussion focuses on the appliance Warehouse Service Plan that is made up of the testing plan, an implementation plan and the training plan for the sake of the bettering of services in a warehouse. The testing plan is meant to manage the systems through QA standards meeting the needs of the customers. The implementation plan elaborates and indicates whether one should use parallel, direct, phased, or pilot changeover strategies. The training plan, on the other hand, indicates what a training plan would include for affected employees, such as appointment setters, technicians, management, and the parts department.
Testing Plan
The main reason for the testing plan is to validate and verify the information from the main source or the end to end target warehouse. The two major testing plans for include program testing and acceptance testing (Lewis, 2017). The plan should verify the following, the business required documents, ETL design for the documents, sources to target on the mapping process and the data model for the source and the target schemas. The documents that are considered are meant for the ETL development process in the testing plan. The testing plan is meant further for the supervisors or the quality analysis team to confirm that the work is concerning the objective of the organization. The process of testing might also include the configuration management system and the data quality validation and verification process.
Implementation Plan
The plan for the implementation of the systems is the same as the process that is considered during the development process of the entire system to meet the goals of the organization. The steps to consider for the whole plan of the implementation include the analysis and the enhancement requests, the writing of very simplified and new programs, restructuring of the database, analysis of the program library and its cost, and the reengineering of the test program. The first phase parallels the analysis phase as the parallel strategy is considered for the entire process, which entails the analysis phase of the SDLC. The steps two to four process entails the combining and the construction activities that are done on a new system majorly on a small scale. The last step is meant to parallel the testing that is commonly done during the implementation process. The testing process ensures that the process is free of risk as a quality assurance process (Liang & Hui, 2016).
Training Plan
The training plan should be made up of a training matrix in which it will guide them to know who needs the training what they need from the training and why they want the training not forgetting when they need the training(Kwak,2016). The matrix will allow for the planning and the preparation for the training avoiding scrambling when the due date for the training comes around. The requirements are automatically updated when the employees get done with the first training before transferri.
Applicants must submit a 500 essay describing how current or future .docxRAHUL126667
Applicants must submit a 500 essay describing how current or future technologies may be used to enhance academic learning and/or stimulate student engagement in the online classroom. Essay should include a description of the technology, implementation and perceived benefits.
.
Apple Inc., Microsoft Corp., Berkshire Hathaway, and Facebook ha.docxRAHUL126667
Apple Inc., Microsoft Corp., Berkshire Hathaway, and Facebook have all been identified as companies that have accumulated substantial sums of cash. For this discussion:
Select one of these companies and review their latest Balance Sheet and Statement of Cash Flows.
Suggest at least two (2) advantages and two (2) disadvantages of companies accumulating cash hoards.
Provide a rationale for your suggestion.
.
Appcelerator Titanium was released in December 2008, and has been st.docxRAHUL126667
Appcelerator Titanium was released in December 2008, and has been steadily growing in functionality since its release. Starting with its Titanium Developer product, Appcelerator provides a single-point interface to run applications. Titanium Studio is a full-featured IDE which provides a single place to handle all steps of the development environment including a debugging solution. Titanium is not a magic bullet; however, it does include a solid framework for developing a single codebase to deploy to multiple platforms. In addition, it allows developers to use a language they are more familiar with to create apps in a domain outside of their knowledge.
What are some advantages to using Appcelerator Titanium?
Though Appcelerator is reasonably priced, why do some mobile app developers feel that the bugs don’t make it worth the effort?.
How is Appcelerator different from other mobile application developers?
- apa
- 2 pages
- zero plagiarism
.
APA Style300 words per topic2 peer reviewed resources per to.docxRAHUL126667
APA Style
300 words per topic
2 peer reviewed resources per topic
Topic 1: Communicating Research
What are some possible ways you can communicate your research findings?
Topic 2: Considering the Audience
What do you need to consider when communicating to different audiences?
.
Ape and Human Cognition What’s theDifferenceMichael To.docxRAHUL126667
Ape and Human Cognition: What’s the
Difference?
Michael Tomasello and Esther Herrmann
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
Abstract
Humans share the vast majority of their cognitive skills with other great apes. In addition, however, humans have also evolved a
unique suite of cognitive skills and motivations—collectively referred to as shared intentionality—for living collaboratively,
learning socially, and exchanging information in cultural groups.
Keywords
apes, culture, cognition, evolution, cooperation
Surely one of the deepest and most important questions in all of
the psychological sciences is how human cognition is similar to
and different from that of other primates. The main datum is this:
Humans seemingly engage in all kinds of cognitive activities that
their nearest primate relatives do not, but at the same time there is
great variability among different cultural groups. All groups have
complex technologies but of very different types; all groups use
linguistic and other symbols but in quite different ways; all
groups have complex social institutions but very different ones.
What this suggests is that human cognition is in some way bound
up with human culture. Here we argue that this is indeed the case,
and we then try to explain this fact evolutionarily.
Similarities in Ape and Human Cognition
The five great ape species (orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees,
bonobos, humans) share a common ancestor from about 15 mil-
lion years ago, with the last three sharing a common ancestor
from about 6 million years ago (see Fig. 1 for a picture of chim-
panzees). Since great apes are so closely related to one another
evolutionarily, it is natural that they share many perceptual,
behavioral, and cognitive skills.
Great ape cognitive worlds
Many different studies suggest that nonhuman great apes (here-
after great apes) understand the physical world in basically the
same way as humans. Like humans, apes live most basically in
a world of permanent objects (and categories and quantities of
objects) existing in a mentally represented space. Moreover,
they understand much about various kinds of events in the
world and how these events relate to one another causally (see
Tomasello & Call, 1997, for a review). Apes’ and other
primates’ cognitive skills for dealing with the physical world
almost certainly evolved in the context of foraging for food.
As compared with other mammals, primates may face special
challenges in locating their daily fare, since ripe fruits are pat-
chy resources that are irregularly distributed in space and time.
Other studies suggest that great apes understand their social
worlds in basically the same way as humans as well. Like
humans, apes live in a world of identifiable individuals with
whom they form various kinds of social relationships—for
example, in terms of dominance and ‘‘friendship’’—and they
recognize the third-party social relationships that.
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Write a negative construct on the usefulness of decision making, leadership effectiveness, and employee morale challenges as they impact organizational change.
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Everyone has different strengths and weaknesses when it comes to academics and the professional world. Thanks to my experience as a financial ops generalist, I have gained great communication skills. I am responsible for contacting vendors to address or fix any issues we may have with the service or product. I have also completed training on effective communication at my current job. This training was helpful being that I have to regularly speak with offenders family members as well. Another one of my strengths is that I am very reliable. My previous supervisor would always assign me extra duties when she had a deadline to meet because she knew that I would make sure it was done by the deadline. An academic weakness that I have is writing papers, I tend to procrastinate when it comes to having to write them. I have found that the writing center is very helpful. The university's library is helpful when having to do research. I have used the citation generator numerous times in the past to help with citations. If you have trouble with citations, this is a good resource or tool to use.
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What do you believe has the biggest impact on employee motivation? Why?
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This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
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There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
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ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
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BUSI 230Project 1 InstructionsBased on Larson & Farber sectio.docx
1. BUSI 230
Project 1 Instructions
Based on Larson & Farber: section 2.1
Use the Project 1 Data Set to create the graphs and tables in
Questions 1–4 and to answer both parts of Question 5. If you
cannot figure out how to make the graphs and tables in Excel,
you are welcome to draw them by hand and then submit them as
a scanned document or photo.
1. Open a blank Excel file and create a grouped frequency
distribution of the maximum daily temperatures for the 50 states
for a 30 day period. Use 8 classes. (8 points)
2. Add midpoint, relative frequency, and cumulative frequency
columns to your frequency distribution. (8 points)
3. Create a frequency histogram using Excel. You will probably
need to load the Data Analysis add-in within Excel. If you do
not know how to create a histogram in Excel, view the video
located at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_gQUcRwDiik. A
simple bar graph will also work.
If you cannot get the histogram or bar graph features to work,
you may draw a histogram by hand and then scan or take a
photo (your phone can probably do this) of your drawing and
email it to your instructor. (8 points)
4. Create a frequency polygon in Excel (or by hand). For help,
view http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Q-KdmDJirg(8 points)
5. A. Do any of the temperatures appear to be unrealistic or in
error? If yes, which ones and why? (4 points)
B. Explain how this affects your confidence in the validity of
this data set. (4 points)
Project 1 is due by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of Module/Week
1.
2. International Journal o f Clinical and Health Psychology (2014)
14, 216-220
International Journal
of Clinical and Health Psychology
w w w .elsevier.es/ijchp
THEORETICAL ARTICLE
The end of mental illness thinking?
Richard Pemberton3 *, Tony Wainwrightb
<DCrossMark
ELSEVIER
DOYMA
a University o f Brighton, United Kingdom
b University o f Exeter, United Kingdom
Received 26 May 2014; accepted 15 June 2014
A vailable on lin e 9 July 2014
KEYWORDS A b s tra c t M ental he alth th e o ry and p ra
ctice are in a s ta te o f sig nifica nt flu x . This th e o re t-
Diagnosis; ic a l a rtic le places th e position taken by th e
British Psychological Society Division o f C linical
F o rm u la tio n ; Psychology (DCP) in th e c o n te x t o f c u
rre n t p ra ctice and seeks to c ritic a lly exam ine some o f
DSM-5; th e key fa cto rs th a t are d rivin g these transfo rm a
tion s. The im petus fo r a co m p le te overhaul
W e llb e in g ; o f existing th in k in g comes fro m th e m a n
ife stly poor perform ance o f m e n ta l health services in
5. Koenen, & Galea, 2012), neuroscience (fo r exam ple in child
developm ent) (Riem e t a l., 2013) and psychological under-
standing o f cognitive mechanisms underlying m ental distress
(Susan & Edward, 2011). M ental health is increasingly under-
stood as a public health issue (World Health Organisation,
2010) and research on incom e in e q u a lity has c le a rly
shown
th e lin k w ith expressions o f m ental distress (Wilkinson Et
P ickett, 2010). This paper addresses one aspect o f this
change, in w hich w e advocate abandoning th e o utdated 'd is
-
ease m o d e l’ o f m ental distress and th e developm ent o f
new
ways in w hich we can bring to g e th e r a ll th e elem ents o f
a
person’s experience in order to help them most e ffe c tiv e ly ,
and fo llo w s th e pub lica tio n by th e Division o f C linical
Psy-
chology o f th e B ritish Psychological Society on classification
o f behaviour (Awenat e t a l., 2013).
The United Kigdom context
Due to th e im p a ct o f a u ste rity on com m unities and ser-
vices across th e w hole o f th e Unted Kingdom, m ental
health
services are under severe stress and increased pressure.
The governm ents program m e o f 'h e a lth service lib e ra tio
n ’
(D epartm ent o f H ealth, 2010) has changed the way th a t
services are funded. Power has shifted to doctors w orking
in com m unity settings and away fro m centralised decision-
making. The people who use services have been p u t a t th e
h e a rt o f policy making and every o th e r p a rt o f th e
system
is being to ld th a t th e re is to be " n o decision about me
6. w ith o u t m e” . Budgets fo r social care have been d ra m a ti
c a lly reduced and m ental health service funding has been
c u rta ile d . The tra d itio n a l near monopoly o f th e N
ational
Health Service is being replaced by a much more m ixed econ-
omy o f providers. Many services are being p u t out to te n d e
r
and are s ta rtin g to be provided by N on-Governm ental Orga-
nisations (NGO’s) and p riva te fo r p ro fit companies. These
changes have been highly p ro b le m a tic b u t also have
resulted
in significant challenges to historic patterns o f pra ctice and
have brought forw ard new providers and new ways o f w o rk -
ing. The governm ent agenda o f 'P a rity o f Esteem’ w hich is
designed to increase e q u ity o f resources betw een m ental
and physical health care services has h e lp fu lly highlighted
th e very significant reduction in life expectancy fo r peo-
ple very serious m ental health d iffic u ltie s (Royal College o
f
Psychiatry, 2013).
There has been a consistent demand, by those who
experience distress, fo r more psychologically based m ental
health care (Hicks e t a l., 2011). In England th is has resulted
in a new program m e o f psychologically driven care. More
people are now seen in th e im proving access to psychologi-
cal therapies program m e (IAPT) than are seen in secondary
m ental health care (IAPT, 2012). This program m e has in large
p a rt been lead by C linical Psychology. The program m e was
in itia lly fo r people w ith a n xie ty and depression in th e
com -
m u n ity but has since developed a range o f service redesign
arms in to the areas o f psychosis, long te rm physical con-
ditio n s, and m ental health services fo r ch ildren and young
people.
7. The service user and recovery movements have been
gaining p o litic a l strength and m a tu rity (Centre fo r M
ental
H ealth, 2003). Peer recovery w orkers and recovery colleges
are becoming comm onplace. In th e la tte r you do not need to
take on th e id e n tity o f a p a tie n t to receive support and
guid-
ance to manage w hatever th e issue th a t is causing concern
and distress. The w hole basis o f exp e rt professional p ractice
and pow er is being questioned in new and challenging ways.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual version
5 (DSM-5) debate
The recent DCP co n trib u tio n to the debate concerning
DSM-5
(Awenat e t a l., 2013) has been to release a s ta te m e n t
calling
fo r a very d iffe r e n t approach; one th a t does not deny the
im portance o f biology and physical factors b u t w hich calls
in to question th e e x te n t to which disease based models
have
led us up a conceptual and pra ctice blind alley. The in tro -
duction to th e sta te m e n t says. 'The DCP is o f th e view
th a t it
is tim e ly and a p p ro p ria te to a ffirm pu b licly th a t th e
cu rre n t
classification system as ou tlin ed in DSM and the In te rn a tio
n a l
C lassification o f Diseases (ICD), in respect o f th e fu n c tio
n a l
p sychiatric diagnoses, has significant conceptual and e m p ir-
ica l lim ita tio n s , consequently th e re is a need fo r a
paradigm
s h ift in re la tio n to th e experiences th a t these diagnoses
8. re fe r to , tow ards a conceptual system w hich is no longer
based on a 'disease’ m o d e l’ .
The s ta te m e n t needs to be read in th e co n te x t o f th e
DCP
good p ra ctice guidance on th e use o f psychological fo rm u
-
la tio n (DCP, 2011). This guidance states th a t psychological
fo rm u la tio n starts from the assumption th a t 'a t some level
i t a ll makes sense’ . From th is perspective mood swings,
hearing voices, having unusual beliefs can a ll be understood
as psychological reactions to cu rre n t and past life e x p e ri-
ences and events. They can be rendered understandable in
th e c o n te x t o f an in d iv id u a l’s p a rtic u la r life
history and the
personal meaning th a t th e y have constructed about i t and
218 R. Pemberton and T. Wainwright
w ithin th e ir cultural context. While this assumption in any
individual case may turn out to need review, it provides a
healthy starting point.
Illustrating the sea changes in thinking in this field, a
recent paper (Forgeard e t al., 2011) records the discussions
o f a distinguished group of American researchers and prac-
titioners (Aaron Beck, Richard Davidson, Fritz Henn, Steven
Maier, Helen Mayberg, and Martin Seligman) concerning the
current understanding of depression and how people who
experience this condition can best be helped. One contrib-
utor, Steven Maier’s summed up the view: "We need to set
rid o f our current categories because they do not inform us
about the best way to tre a t people” .
9. They took to some degree as a starting point the US
National Institute fo r Mental Health’s current Strategic Plan
(Insel, 2008) which has laid down the challenge of bring-
ing together the current scientific understanding of brain
and mind w ith practice, something it regards as sadly lack-
ing at present w ith the contemporary diagnostic framework.
Forgeard et al. (2011) report th a t "d esp ite decades o f
research on the etiology and trea tm en t o f depression, a
significant proportion o f the population is affected by the
disorder, fa ils to respond to treatm ent and is plagued by
relapse” (p. 1). This fact, together w ith the relatively poor
treatm ent success of any therapy, is referred to by Seligman
(2011) as T h e d irty little secret of drugs and therapy’ (p. 45)
is part of the recurring theme of the problem o f using the
current classification system, rather than one which looks
at how brains, minds and people (not forgetting people are
social) work.
It is useful here to quote the NIMH 2008 strategic plan
(Insel, 2008) to be clear what a fundamental change is being
articulated:
” The urgency o f this cause cannot be over-stated. The
President’s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health,
which examined the need fo r reform o f the mental
health care system, concluded th at the problems o f
frag- m entation, access, and q ua lity o f mental health
care were so great th a t nothing less than transform a-
tion would suffice. With several large-scale clinical trials
completed by NIMH, we can add th a t fo r too many peo-
ple w ith mental disorders even the best o f current care is
not good enough. To f u lly address these issues, we must
continue to (a) discover the fundam ental knowledge
about brain and behavior and (b) use such discover-
ies to develop b e tte r tools fo r diagnosis, preem ptive
interventions, more e ffe ctive treatm ents, and improved
10. strategies fo r delivering services fo r those who provide
d irect m ental health care. These activities p oint toward
NIMH’s u ltim a te goal, which is not m erely to reduce
symptoms among persons w ith mental illness, but also
to promote recovery among this population and tangibly
improve th e ir q u a lity o f l i f e " (p. H i)".
And fu rthe r on:
"C urrently, the diagnosis o f mental disorders is based
on clinical observation—identifying symptoms th a t tend
to cluster together, determ ining when the symptoms
appear, and determ ining w hether the symptoms resolve,
recur, or become chronic. However, the way th a t men-
ta l disorders are defined in the present diagnostic
system does not incorporate current inform ation from
integrative neuroscience research, and thus is not o p ti-
mal fo r making scientific gains through neuroscience
approaches. It is d iffic u lt to deconstruct clusters o f com-
plex behaviors and a tte m p t to link these to underlying
neurobiological systems. Many mental disorders may be
considered as fa llin g along m u ltip le dimensions (e.g.,
cognition, mood, social interactions), w ith tra its that
exist on a continuum ranging fro m normal to extrem e”
(p. 9).
The need for a paradigm shift
The DCP call for a paradigm shift is not a denial of the
embodied nature of human experience or the complex rela-
tionship between social, psychological and biological factors
but instead calls for a system th at acknowledges the grow-
ing evidence o f psychosocial causal factors in many types of
mental distress.
11. To speak of a paradigm shift could be seen as something of
a cliché. However, we have used this term very deliberately
as it does sum up the pivotal moment we find ourselves in;
but the necessary change is not inevitable, and the form
of change may or may not be the one we would envis-
age. Such is the nature of paradigms. In the very successful
book on science Chalmers (2013) gives a very useful account
o f the debates which surround the ideas of how science
progresses and the meaning of scientific facts. The contem-
porary assumptions concerning mental distress-for example
the serotonin d eficit theory of depression-are deeply rooted
in the minds of mental health professionals. The idea th a t
depression and other diagnoses are real things is simi-
larly strongly believed. This is similar, in our view, to the
assumptions that the earth was the centre of the universe
in pre-Copernican days. There was much to commend the
ide a-th e sun rose in the morning and set at night and clearly
w ent round the earth. Critiques o f these ways of reasoning,
together w ith the vested interests in maintaining the cur-
rent views o f mental disorder (Goldacre, 2009, 2012) have
shown how im portant the required change is. Our account is
only one aspect-another example which Goldacre has been
advocating is the Alltrials project (w w w .alltrials.net) aiming
to provide at last an honest account o f the effectiveness of
drug and other therapies.
A DCP project e ntitled 'Beyond psychiatric diagnosis’
aims to outline the first principles o f an evidence-based
conceptual alternative to psychiatric diagnosis which w ill
provide a more effective basis fo r reducing complexity by
grouping similar types o f experience together. While biol-
ogy plays a mediating role in all human experiences, mental
distress is not best understood as disease process, and this
particular paradigm has comprehensively failed in the field
of psychiatry. Rather than assuming th a t human thoughts,
feelings and behaviours can be theorised in the same way as
12. body parts, the p roject w ill draw on the large body of knowl-
edge about psychosocial causal factors in mental distress. It
w ill describe the first steps towards identifying patterns and
pathways which can be used to inform the co-construction
of individual narratives and formulations based on personal
meaning. This w ill provide a sounder and more productive
basis fo r developing interventions, carrying out research,
The end of mental illness thinking? 219
planning services and empowering service users to make
changes in th e ir lives. It w ill also have implications for social
policy and issues o f social justice.
Another approach which may have m erit comes from so-
called 'transdiagnostic’ models (Dudley, Kuyken, & Padesky,
2011). These argue th at we can begin to make sense of an
individuals distress through an understanding o f underlying
psychological mechanisms. Rather than starting w ith a set
o f symptoms and trying to find a way in which they hang
together, i t sets out to explore how a particular psychologi-
cal experience is mediated across many d iffe re n t diagnostic
groups. Poletti and Sambataro (2013) fo r example, have
looked a t how delusional ideas function from a cognitive and
neuropsychological perspective in schizophrenia, bipolar
disorder, m ajor depressive disorder and neurological disor-
ders stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases. Here there is
a clear account o f an experience which can lead to con-
siderable distress and anxiety and an understanding of the
underlying mechanisms and possible ways to help alleviate
the problem.
Seligman (2014) takes this further, and in a discussion
of transdiagnostic models uses the example of smallpox
13. to show th a t before Jenner discovered th at there was an
infective agent, it was simply a description o f symptoms.
Afterwards there was a mechanism-the germ theory. He
makes the point th a t this was a landmark change-and led to
a paradigm shift in understanding infectious diseases and
th e ir treatm ent. He goes on to say about mental health
diagnostic systems however:
"T h e underlying processes are therein called
"transdiagnostic.” Transdiagnostic o f what?
"Transdiagnostic” assumes th a t the disorders have
a re a lity th a t is illu m in ated by these processes. But this
puts the cart before the horse. In a post-Jenner world,
what is real are the underlying processes and what
are mere way stations (fictions?) are the "d iso rd e rs.”
"C om orbid” smacks o f ju s t the same anachronism. Two
diagnostic categories, mere congeries o f symptoms, are
"co m o rb id ” i f they share the same underlying process.
But i f i t is the underlying process th a t is real, and the
"d isorde rs” convenient way stations to the process,
"co m o rb id ” vanishes into thin a ir ” (p. 2).
What then is the way forward?
Kinderman (2013) has cogently argued th at we need aban-
don the disease model and adopt a psychosocial model in
its place. He argues th a t we need to stop diagnosing non-
existent illness. In the place o f diagnosis we need to base
planning fo r individuals and services on a simple list of peo-
p le ’s difficulties and to recognize our primary role lies in
supporting th e ir wellbeing. Despite its many lim itations the
positive psychology movement (Seligman, 2011) is correct
in its assertion th a t we have been overly preoccupied w ith
deficits and deficiencies and th at we need to approach psy-
chologically distress by building on peoples strengths. We
need to significantly reduce our ever-increasing reliance
14. on psychotropic medication and instead o ffe r redesigned
psychosocial services than aim fo r recovery and personal
agency.
From yet another perspective the World Health Organisa-
tion International Study o f Schizophrenia (ISOS) on recovery
among people given a diagnosis o f schizophrenia is also
instructive (Hopper, Harrison, Janea, & Sartorius, 2007;
Mason, Harrison, Croudace, Glazebrook, & Medley, 1997;
Mason, Harrison, Glazebrook, & Medley, 1996). This research
found, contrary to expectations, much better recovery rates
in less developed (by which you could perhaps read less
prescribing and western psychiatric approaches) than in so
called 'advanced’ countries. This work has never been satis
fa cto rily absorbed by the mental health system in the United
Kigdom but it provides another strong evidence-based chal-
lenge to the contemporary approaches.
Whitaker (2010), a science journalist has made a study
o f the impact o f the way we currently provide services, and
extensively quotes from the ISOS studies: He provides chap-
te r and verse th a t in the United States, and probably also in
the United Kingdom there is a mental health epidem ic-a
public health problem largely caused by the system we
have in place. He also describes some services th a t seem to
making real progress in putting some innovative and ground-
breaking ideas into practice. One o f these is based in West-
ern Lapland and is called Open Dialogue and it has recently
been introduced in the UK (Open Dialogue, 2014). This
approach draws on a number o f theoretical models, includ-
ing systemic fam ily therapy, dialogical theory and social
constructionism and has echoes of some very early work on
crisis intervention in the United Kingdom (Scott, 1973).
Conclusions
15. Mental Health theory and practice is at a crossroads. The
language and categories we use to to describe psycholog-
ical distress are changing and as evidenced by the furore
over DSM-5 are being challenged from all sides. The complex
interplay between the physical, the psychological, the social
and cultural is always likely to be controversial and prone to
change. We however have argued th at it is tim e th at the cur-
rent disease-based systems are replaced. We advocate using
the advances in our understanding of the psychological,
social and physical mechanisms that underpin psychological
wellbeing and mental distress to change the way we respond
a t a community an individual level. These new insights need
to be incorporated into practice and research. Central to the
way we move forward w ill be the role and power of people
experiencing mental health difficulties. As McKnight (1995)
says "Revolutions begin when people who are defined as
problems achieve the power to redefine the problem” (p.
16). We need to be careful th at we don’ t ju st replace dis
ease based frameworks w ith overly restrictive psychological
ones. Success w ill include social inclusion in the local com-
munity, friendships w ithin and outside of the mental health
system, and purpose in life.
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