Building dsl using groovy
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Apache Groovy is a dynamic language, for Java platform, aimed at improving developer productivity with familiar and easy to learn syntax. It's meta programming capabilities makes it a good candidate for DSL. Domain Specific Languages (DSLs) have become a valuable part of the Groovy idiom. DSLs are used in native Groovy builders, Grails and GORM, and testing frameworks. To a developer, DSLs are consumable and understandable, which makes implementation more fluid compared to traditional programming. But how is a DSL implemented? How does it work behind the scenes?
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Building dsl using groovy
- 2. www.tothenew.com What is DSL? ● A computer language specialized to a particular application domain ● Not intended to be broadly applicable across domains ● Syntax is focused on intended domain or problem ● Small and simple
- 3. www.tothenew.com About me speaker { name 'Puneet Behl' organization 'TO THE NEW' designation 'Associate Lead - Technology' email 'puneet.behl@tothenew.com' twitter '@puneetbhl' github 'http://github.com/puneetbehl' }
- 4. www.tothenew.com Characteristics of DSL Highly context sensitive
- 6. www.tothenew.com Characteristics of DSL List<String> employees = ["Puneet", "Himanshu"] employees.with { add "Manoj" add "Roni" }
- 7. www.tothenew.com Examples take 2.pills of chloroquinine after 6.hours
- 8. www.tothenew.com Characteristics of DSL 3.times { println “Hello” }
- 9. www.tothenew.com Examples - Spock class AdderSpec extends spock.lang.Specification { def "adder-test"() { given: "a new Adder class is created" def adder = new Adder(); expect: "Adding two numbers to return the sum" adder.add(3, 4) == 7 } }
- 10. www.tothenew.com Examples - Gradle apply plugin: 'eclipse' apply plugin: 'groovy' repositories { mavenCentral() } dependencies { compile 'org.codehaus.groovy:groovy-all:2.4.10' }
- 11. www.tothenew.com Things to note ● Compact code ● Closer to English than programming language code
- 13. www.tothenew.com please show the square_root of 100 Using Maps
- 14. www.tothenew.com Conference.cfp { title "Building DSL using Groovy" description """ Domain Specific Languages (DSLs) have become a valuable part of the Groovy idiom. DSLs are used in native Groovy builders, Grails and GORM, and testing frameworks. To a developer, DSLs are consumable and understandable, which makes implementation more fluid compared to traditional programming. But how is a DSL implemented? How does it work behind the scenes? In this talk, we will talk about DSL and how can we write DSL using Groovy with various examples and see the significance of DSL """ level INTERMEDIATE owner "Puneet Behl" duration "50.mins" } Closure and Delegates
- 15. www.tothenew.com candidates "John", "Alex", "Hanna" John 7 Alex 8 Hanna 3 reportWinner Dynamic Methods
- 16. www.tothenew.com import groovy.time.* Date time use(TimeCategory) { time = 1.week.from.now } println time Categories
- 17. www.tothenew.com String name = "JohnDoe" String encryptedString = "23434Super secret string23434" use(StringUtils) { println name.camelCase println encryptedString.removeLeadingAndTrailingToken("23434") } Custom Categories
- 18. www.tothenew.com String name = "JohnDoe" String encryptedString = "23434Super secret string23434" use(StringUtils) { println name.camelCase println encryptedString.removeLeadingAndTrailingToken("23434") } ExpandoMetaClass
- 20. www.tothenew.com def binding = new Binding([ robot: new Robot() ]) Using Binding
- 21. www.tothenew.com abstract class ConferenceBaseScript extends Script { } Base Script Class
- 22. www.tothenew.com import org.codehaus.groovy.control.CompilerConfiguration // create a configuration def config = new CompilerConfiguration() // tweak the configuration config.addCompilationCustomizers(...) // run your script def shell = new GroovyShell(config) shell.evaluate(script) Compiler Customization
- 23. www.tothenew.com CompilerConfiguration config = new CompilerConfiguration() def icz = new ImportCustomizer() config.addCompilationCustomizers(icz) Import Customizer
Editor's Notes
- A domain-specific language (DSL) is a computer language specialized to a particular application domain. This is in contrast to a general-purpose language (GPL), which is broadly applicable across domains. There is a wide variety of DSLs, ranging from widely used languages for common domains, such as HTML for web pages, down to languages used by only one or a few pieces of software, such as Emacs Lisp for GNU Emacs and XEmacs. DSLs can be further subdivided by the kind of language, and include domain-specific markup languages, domain-specific modelinglanguages (more generally, specification languages), and domain-specific programming languages. Special-purpose computer languages have always existed in the computer age, but the term "domain-specific language" has become more popular due to the rise of domain-specific modeling. Simpler DSLs, particularly ones used by a single application, are sometimes informally called mini-languages. https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/80389/can-css-be-considered-a-dsl
- We all know the English meaning of the word fart, but did you know that fartmeans speed in Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish? If that doesn’t make you snicker enough, the words for speed bump in each language are fartbump, fartshump, and farthinder.
- The code is written in a behaviour style, which is closer to English than to programming language code The class has clear sections annotated by labels (given: and expect:) that clearly identify the purpose of the code statements they contain Each label has a comment in the same line that provides a brief description of the business logic There are no “assert” methods (like JUnit). The code is much more compact.
- The code is written in a behaviour style, which is closer to English than to programming language code The class has clear sections annotated by labels (given: and expect:) that clearly identify the purpose of the code statements they contain Each label has a comment in the same line that provides a brief description of the business logic There are no “assert” methods (like JUnit). The code is much more compact.
- show = { println it } square_root = { Math.sqrt(it) } def please(action) { [the: { what -> [of: { n -> action(what(n)) }] }] }
- @TypeChecked - type checking @DelegatesTo - goal of this annotation is to solve both the documentation issue, that will let your IDE know about the expected methods in the closure body, and it will also solve the type checking issue, by giving hints to the compiler about what are the potential receivers of method calls in the closure body.
- The Script class provides base support for integration with your application through the Binding object, as illustrated in this example:
- Whether you are using groovyc to compile classes or a GroovyShell, for example, to execute scripts, under the hood, a compiler configuration is used. This configuration holds information like the source encoding or the classpath but it can also be used to perform more operations like adding imports by default, applying AST transformations transparently or disabling global AST transformations.