This document discusses technology in architecture, specifically vertical transportation and elevator design considerations. It provides information on elevator types, components, performance criteria, codes and standards, and design parameters. It then gives an example problem of designing an elevator system for a 10-story office building, showing the step-by-step calculations for determining handling capacity, interval, car selection, trip time, number of cars needed, and confirming the design meets performance requirements. It concludes with discussing elevator lobby requirements.
Capacity & Level of Service: Highways & Signalized Intersections (Indo-HCM)Vijai Krishnan V
This presentation gives a glimpse on estimating the capacity and Level of Service (LOS) of highway midblock sections and signalized intersections under heterogeneous traffic conditions using the Indo-HCM 2017 Manual. It also compares the Indo-HCM LOS estimation methods with US-HCM. Some practice questions are also included.
I acknowledge the co-author Ms. Sethulakshmi G (Ph. D. Scholar, NIT Surathkal) for her valuable contribution to this presentation.
Capacity & Level of Service: Highways & Signalized Intersections (Indo-HCM)Vijai Krishnan V
This presentation gives a glimpse on estimating the capacity and Level of Service (LOS) of highway midblock sections and signalized intersections under heterogeneous traffic conditions using the Indo-HCM 2017 Manual. It also compares the Indo-HCM LOS estimation methods with US-HCM. Some practice questions are also included.
I acknowledge the co-author Ms. Sethulakshmi G (Ph. D. Scholar, NIT Surathkal) for her valuable contribution to this presentation.
Vehicle routing and scheduling Models:
Travelling salesman problem
vehicle routing problem with time window
Pick up and delivery problem with time window
Filling the gap, it is concern a new idea in aviation industry, we can define an airline by three main factors, i.e Passengers demand, Market Fare, and Network distances, that is Stage Length, while Cost is consider as step function, the study shows there is a gap in locating the learning curve of the company to the typical operation one by using optimization techniques.
CFD Simulation for Flow over Passenger Car Using Tail Plates for Aerodynamic ...IOSR Journals
This work proposes an effective numerical model based on the Computational Fluid Dynamics
(CFD) approach to obtain the flow structure around a passenger car with Tail Plates. The experimental work of
the test vehicle and grid system is constructed by ANSYS-14.0. FLUENT which is the CFD solver & employed in
the present work. In this study, numerical iterations are completed, then after aerodynamic data and detailed
complicated flow structure are visualized.
In the present work, model of generic passenger car has been developed in solid works-10 and
generated the wind tunnel and applied the boundary conditions in ANSYS workbench 14.0 platform then after
testing and simulation has been performed for the evaluation of drag coefficient for passenger car. In another
case, the aerodynamics of the most suitable design of tail plate is introduced and analysedfor the evaluation of
drag coefficient for passenger car. The addition of tail plates results in a reduction of the drag-coefficient
3.87% and lift coefficient 16.62% in head-on wind. Rounding the edges partially reduces drag in head-on wind
but does not bring about the significant improvements in the aerodynamic efficiency of the passenger car with
tail plates, it can be obtained. Hence, the drag force can be reduced by using add on devices on vehicle and fuel
economy, stability of a passenger car can be improved.
PROUDCTION AND OPERATION MANAGEMENT.pptxSouvik Das
- Assessed research papers to evaluate the most apt model used by FedEX for optimum Airline cargo dynamic logistic algorithms - Operations research LPP with aircraft regression equations and incidence matrix for obtaining the most optimum cargo routes
Replacing Manhattan Subway Service with On-demand transportationChristian Moscardi
The NYC subway is in dire need of repairs. We propose a station-to-station on-demand transit model where users would dial to request pickup/drop-off at subway stations on Manhattan.
This would allow the subway on Manhattan to shut down from 12AM-5AM, facilitating speedy repairs.
Seeking to quantify the viability of operating microtransit shuttles from station to station during nighttime (and weekend) subway closures that the MTA will take to support their signal upgrades.
Vehicle routing and scheduling Models:
Travelling salesman problem
vehicle routing problem with time window
Pick up and delivery problem with time window
Filling the gap, it is concern a new idea in aviation industry, we can define an airline by three main factors, i.e Passengers demand, Market Fare, and Network distances, that is Stage Length, while Cost is consider as step function, the study shows there is a gap in locating the learning curve of the company to the typical operation one by using optimization techniques.
CFD Simulation for Flow over Passenger Car Using Tail Plates for Aerodynamic ...IOSR Journals
This work proposes an effective numerical model based on the Computational Fluid Dynamics
(CFD) approach to obtain the flow structure around a passenger car with Tail Plates. The experimental work of
the test vehicle and grid system is constructed by ANSYS-14.0. FLUENT which is the CFD solver & employed in
the present work. In this study, numerical iterations are completed, then after aerodynamic data and detailed
complicated flow structure are visualized.
In the present work, model of generic passenger car has been developed in solid works-10 and
generated the wind tunnel and applied the boundary conditions in ANSYS workbench 14.0 platform then after
testing and simulation has been performed for the evaluation of drag coefficient for passenger car. In another
case, the aerodynamics of the most suitable design of tail plate is introduced and analysedfor the evaluation of
drag coefficient for passenger car. The addition of tail plates results in a reduction of the drag-coefficient
3.87% and lift coefficient 16.62% in head-on wind. Rounding the edges partially reduces drag in head-on wind
but does not bring about the significant improvements in the aerodynamic efficiency of the passenger car with
tail plates, it can be obtained. Hence, the drag force can be reduced by using add on devices on vehicle and fuel
economy, stability of a passenger car can be improved.
PROUDCTION AND OPERATION MANAGEMENT.pptxSouvik Das
- Assessed research papers to evaluate the most apt model used by FedEX for optimum Airline cargo dynamic logistic algorithms - Operations research LPP with aircraft regression equations and incidence matrix for obtaining the most optimum cargo routes
Replacing Manhattan Subway Service with On-demand transportationChristian Moscardi
The NYC subway is in dire need of repairs. We propose a station-to-station on-demand transit model where users would dial to request pickup/drop-off at subway stations on Manhattan.
This would allow the subway on Manhattan to shut down from 12AM-5AM, facilitating speedy repairs.
Seeking to quantify the viability of operating microtransit shuttles from station to station during nighttime (and weekend) subway closures that the MTA will take to support their signal upgrades.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
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An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
1. Technology in Architecture
Technology in Architecture
Lecture 9
Vertical Transportation
Elevators Design Considerations
Elevator Selection Parameters
Example Problem
15. Definitions
Definitions
Interval (I) or lobby dispatch time
average time between departure of cars from lobby
Waiting time
average time spent
by a passenger
between arriving in
the lobby and leaving
the lobby in a car
equals (0.6 x I)
S: p. 1421, T.31.4
17. Definitions
Definitions
Handling Capacity (HC)
maximum number of passengers handled in a 5
minute period
when expressed as a percentage of the building
population it is called percent handling capacity
(PHC)
HC= 300(p)
I
S: p. 1422, T.31.6
25. Example Problem
Example Problem
Design an elevator system for a 10 story,
single purpose tenant, office building that
provides an “good” level of service.
Construction level is “normal”
Floor height: 12’-0” floor to floor
Floor area: 15,000 net square feet (nsf) each
26. 1. Determine Percent Handling
1. Determine Percent Handling
Capacity (PHC)
Capacity (PHC)
Office building
Investment
range 11.5-13 %
say 12%
PHC=0.12
S: p. 1422, T.31.6
27. 2. Determine Interval (I)
2. Determine Interval (I)
Office building
“Good” service
I=25-29 sec
S: p. 1421, T.31.4
28. 3. Determine Building Population
3. Determine Building Population
Office building
Single tenant
Normal construction
range 90-110 sf/person
say 100 sf/person
Pop= 9 floors@15,000 nsf
100sf/person
Pop=1350 people
S: p. 1423, T.31.7
29. 4. Determine Handling
4. Determine Handling
Capacity (HC)
Capacity (HC)
PHC=0.12
HC=0.12 x 1350 people
HC= 162 people
30. 5. Determine Rise & Select Car
5. Determine Rise & Select Car
9 floors (above lobby)
12’-0” floor-floor
Rise=9 x 12’-0’
Rise=108’
Select Car:
2500# car
@400 fpm
S: p. 1432, T.31.9
31. 6. Determine Average
6. Determine Average
Trip Time (AVTRP)
Trip Time (AVTRP)
12’-0” floor-floor
2500# car
400 fpm
9 floors
AVTRP= 64 sec
S: p. 1425, F.31.21
32. 7. Determine Round
7. Determine Round
Trip Time (RT)
Trip Time (RT)
12’-0” floor-floor
2500# car
9 floors
400 fpm
RT= 112 sec
S: p. 1428, F.31.23
33. 8. Verify Single Car Capacity (p)
8. Verify Single Car Capacity (p)
2500# car
p= 13 people
S: p. 1422, T.31.5
41. Lobby Parameters
Lobby Parameters
Proximity to other cars
single zone
multizone
Proximity to emergency
exits/egress stairs
Adjacent to main lobby
S: p. 1438, F.31.27
42. Lobby Sizing
Lobby Sizing
Size based on peak interval
15 or 20 minute peak time
5 sf/person
From previous example using 15 minute peak
h=34.8 people/5-min. 104.4 people/15 min.
Area= 104.4 people x 5 sf/person = 522 sf
