3Q13 Conference Call Presentation
November 14, 2013
Operational & Financial
• Gross revenues of R$916.2 million, an increase of 13.9% over 3Q12.
• Gross Margin of 30.7%, in line with 3Q12
• Total SSS of 10.7%, with 6.5% for mature stores
• Adjusted EBITDA of R$51.7 million, with adjusted EBITDA margin of 5.6%
• Adjusted net income of R$13.5 million, with adjusted net margin of 1.5%
• With the opening of 13 new owned stores and 31 franchises, we ended 3Q13 with 1,186 stores.
2

253 Owned stores
123 Owned stores
1

20

123

15

15
149 Owned stores
70

7
7
15

123

203 Owned stores
458 Franchises

97
REGIONS
Owned stores

30

North 132

National Footprint

Northeast 251
Midwest 142
12

Southeast
South 203

5 Distribution centers

191

728 Owned stores
458 Franchises
1,186 stores
13

34
15

12

248

250

253

118

121

123

210

213

203

132

143

149

2012

Organic Growth

11.8%
11.3%

Closing

1H13

Stores open less than 12 months

Organic Growth

61.4%

Stores open 24 to 36 months
Stores open more than 36 months

3Q13



47 openings in 9M13 (13 in 3Q13)
27 closings (12 in 3Q13, all of them from Mais Econômica)



38.6% of owned stores not yet at mature stage

Stores open 12 to 24 months
15.5%

Closing
31

46

6

1

388

2012

458

433

Openings

Closing

•

77 openings in 9M13 (31 in 3Q13)

•

Accelerated expansion strategy

•

Gain of scale (for franchisees and Brasil Pharma)

1H13

Openings

Closing

3Q13
2.565,1
2.250,6

804,4

916,2

3Q12

3Q13

9M12

9M13

SSS Total
SSS mature stores (36 months or older)

15,1%
12,0%

10,8%

10,7%

9,8%

7,8%
5,2%

3Q12

4Q12

4,3%

1Q13

6,5%

5,3%

2Q13

3Q13
Generic penetration in medicine sales

45,9%

45,2%

45,6%

45,5%

45,8%

35,2
17,0%

16,4%

16,5%

16,9%

15,8%

31,3
37,1%

38,4%

37,9%

37,6%

38,4%

3Q12

4Q12

1Q13

2Q13

3Q13

Non-medicines

Generic Medicine

Branded medicine

3Q12

3Q13
30,7%

31,5%

29,0%

31,5%

30,7%

30,3%

682,6
247,1

232,9

266,0

4Q12

1Q13

2Q13

3Q13

780,4

281,5

3Q12

•
•
•

265,3

30,4%

Increase in Trade marketing revenues
Supply chain strategy
Sales Mix

9M12

9M13
25,2%

24,2%

25,1%

18,0%

19,1%

6,2%

645,6

6,0%

6,8%

6,0%

3Q12

3Q13

9M12

9M13

547,1

393,6
194,8

24,3%
17,5%

19,2%

491,3

229,8

144,7

174,6

50,1

55,2

3Q12

3Q13
General & Administrative

153,5

154,3

9M12

9M13

Sales expenses

G&A Dilution (R$'000)
Gross Revenues
General and administrative expenses (G&A)
% Gross Revenues

G&A %

3Q11
3Q12
Proforma
673,570 804,393
(55,939) (50,123)
8.3%
6.2%

3Q13

Sales expenses %

SG&A total %

9M11
9M12
9M13
Proforma Proforma
916,194 1,839,403 2,250,596 2,565,085
(55,179) (139,701) (153,476) (154,296)
6.0%
7.6%
6.8%
6.0%
Non recurring expenses (R$'000)
Non recurring SG&A
IPO /Debenture issuance expenses
M&A/Branding
Income related to Santana insurance
Platforms Integration/Downsizing
Other

3Q12
(7,639)

3Q13
35,000

(426)
(3,080)
(263)

35,000

9M12
6,874
(108)
(2,630)
21,653
(7,908)
(263)

9M13
32,406
(684)
(1,763)
34,853

Adjustments on 3Q13:
• Adjustment of R$35 million in non-cash revenue: reducing the balance of a future installment of one of
our acquisitions.
• In regard to our integration process, we continue to make no adjustments.
6,5%

5,6%

6,0%

5,3%

135,5

52,3

3Q13

9M12

9M13

51,7

3Q12

134,8

Net Income reconciliation (R$'000)
Net income (loss)
% Net margin
(-) Non recurring expenses
(-) SOP expenses
(-) Adjustments on Depreciation and amortization¹
(-) Income tax and social contrib. from non recurring expenses²
Adjusted Net Income (loss)
% Adjusted net margin

3Q12
7,610
0.9%
(7,639)
(5,751)
(5,905)
26,905
3.3%

3Q13
42,325
4.6%
35,000
(3,205)
(2,987)
13,518
1.5%

9M12
Proforma

9M13
Proforma

26,735
1.2%
6,874
(8,601)
(22,862)
(9,940)
61,264
2.7%

1 - Portion relating to commercial establishments amortization and brand amortization.
2 - Due to adjustments in non-recurring expenses and revenues during 2012, in 1Q12 we excluded the effects of Income and Social Contribution
Taxes on the insurance coverage for Sant’ana’s distribution center, which was destroyed by a fire in December 2011.

36,867
1.4%
32,406
(8,904)
(10,594)
23,960
0.9%
Cash position and indebtedness (R$'000)

3Q12

4Q12

1Q13

2Q13

3Q13

(+) Loans and financing
Short term
Long term
(+) Debentures
Short term
Long term
(+) Accounts payable for investment acquisition
Short term
Long term

149,124
43,953
105,171
260,759
12,461
248,298
333,591
97,971
235,620

177,049
83,229
93,820
253,642
5,237
248,405
345,333
99,711
245,622

169,079
44,864
124,215
258,937
10,427
248,510
264,430
82,833
181,597

160,228
41,694
118,534
253,964
5,348
248,616
232,581
81,986
150,595

247,170
150,963
96,207
260,704
11,982
248,722
179,652
82,681
96,971

(=) Total Indebtedness
Short term (%)
Long term (%)
(-) Cash and cash equivalents

743,474
776,024
692,446
646,773
687,526
20.8%
24.2%
19.9%
19.9%
35.7%
79.2%
75.8%
80.1%
80.1%
64.3%
(404,783) (368,751) (183,870) (162,205) (213,132)

(=) Net Debt
Net debt/Adjusted EBITDA (LTM)

338,691

407,273

508,576

484,568

474,394

1.9 X

2.1 X

2.7 X

2.5 X

2.5 X
Working capial
Accounts receivable
Inventories
Suppliers
Working capital in days

3Q12

4Q12

1Q13

2Q13

3Q13

24
95
49
70

23
95
58
60

24
108
56
76

18
109
73
53

5
112
56
62
Cash flow Statement (R$'000)
EBT
(+) Depreciation and amortization
(+) Others
Operating cash generation
(+) Change in working capital¹
(+) Change in other assets and liabilities
Cash consumption
Income Tax & Social Contribution payed
Net cash generated by operating activities

3Q12

9M12

9M13

8,668

50,559

26,689

54,164

13,367
28,246

18,732
(34,379)
-

41,727
54,284

52,248
(14,165)

50,281

34,912

122,700

92,247

(62,962)
15,283

(39,520) (214,054)
36,415
6,498
(25,461) (110,719)

(47,679)

(33,022) (239,515)

(1,728)
874

(-) Capex from operations
(-) Acquisitions
Net Cash from investing activities

(48,652)
(20,460)
(69,113)

(+/-) Loans and financing
(+) Equity funding / Dividends
Net Cash from financing activities

(20,142)
81,897
61,755

Change in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents - opening balance
Cash and cash equivalents - closing balance

(6,484)
411,267
404,783

1- The variation in working capital includes the change in accounts receivable, inventories and suppliers.

3Q13

(4,646)

(16,525)

(2,756) (133,340)

(74,304)
(6,098)
11,845

(31,280) (96,375) (105,232)
(1,542) (348,358) (114,293)
(32,822) (444,733) (219,525)
92,508 238,612
(6,005) 480,689
86,503 719,302
50,926
162,205
213,132

51,091
970
52,061

141,228 (155,619)
263,555 368,751
404,783 213,132
 Integration Status
 Mais Econômica repositioning
 “Go Live” SAP
 2nd Debenture Issuance
 “Best in People Management” Award

 New Vice-President
Administrative

Commercial Integration

BackOffice activities
Logistics - New DC's
(SSC)



(Continuous
improvement)



Not integrated
(expected to 2014)



(Continuous
improvement)



(Continuous
improvement)





(Continuous
improvement)

Nov.2012



Pernambuco DC
Jun.2013 / Pará DC
under analysis



Out.2013



Oct.2012

Trade Marketing
Integration




Not integrated




On going



(Continuous
improvement)

Operations
Procurement
Integration



(Continuous
improvement)


Not integrated



(Continuous
improvement)



(Continuous
improvement)

Sales Force Training



"Vendo Mais"
in practice




"Vendo Mais" being
implemented



"Vendo Mais"
in practice



"Vendo Mais"
in practice

Systems Integration

Expansion



Expansion focus



Expansion focus



SAP - BackOffice
Module






Front Office
Systems




"Go Live" 1Q14

Implemented

Single System under
analysis








"Go live"
To be implemented Single System under
(expected to 2014)
in 2014
analysis




Repositioning of
stores

"Go Live" 2Q14




ok

Expansion focus

WMS - Logistics
Module




Under
implementation



Implemented




Single System under
analysis




Single System under
analysis
 Layout adjustments
- 56 stores renovations
- 3 stores completely reformed (1 new Concept store)

 Sales mix revision
 Sales force training
 Repositioning of stores
- 16 closings (12 in 3Q13), 6 more stores expected to be closed by the end of the year
- 9 openings, 7 of them in the new standard (2 in 3Q13)

 New DC in Canoas:
- Increase the volume purchased from the industry
- Better supply efficiency
Traditional standard

Pilot standard

New standard

• Traditional façade

• New yellow façade: lost of
brand identity

• Traditional façade

• Indoor layout: visual pollution

• Indoor layout: “clean” visual
over sophisticated

• Indoor layout: “clean” visual
with popular appeal
SIG6 Gestão Procfit Proteus

Steps
1º wave: Oct/13 - “Go live” Rosário
2º wave : 1H14 - “Go live” Santana, Mais Econômica and Farmais
3º wave : 1H14 - “Go live” Big Ben/SSC integration

Benefits from an Integrated System
 Process standardization

 Better integration capacity
 Faster and more precise information
 Higher quality information to shareholders
2º Debentures Issuance
R$ 287.7 million
captured
(15.1% additional to the
initial offering)

1st Series
Principal: R$213 million
Issue Date: September 15, 2013
Term: 5 years
Coupon: CDI + 1.70 p.a.
Interest Payments: Biannual
Maturity: September 15, 2018

2nd Series

Principal: R$73 million
Issue Date: September 15, 2013
Total: 7 years
Coupon: IPCA + 7.48 p.a.
Interest Payments: Biannual
Maturity: September 15, 2020

Allocation:
(i)

50% for amortization of the company’s short-term debt along its contractual maturities

(ii)

50% for cash reinforcement and working capital
“Best People Management”
 PEOPLE-FOCUSED strategy
 Construction of a strong MERITOCRACY based culture
 Consolidating a PERENNIAL and PROFITABLE company

Ranking category over 15,000 employees
1º

EMBRAER

2º

BRADESCO

3º

TELEFÔNICA/VIVO

4º

ITAÚ UNIBANCO

5º

BRASIL PHARMA

The assessment takes into account the employees’
satisfaction and the degree of their engagement: the
winning companies have best practices in managing
people, contributing not only to their employees’
satisfaction, but also to their engagement, which
directly influences the business’ results.
BPHA3
Shares outstanding
Price (R$/share)
Annual Performance
Ibovespa Index
Perfomance since IPO¹
Ibovespa Index
Market Cap (R$ Bn)
Average daily trading volume in 2013 (R$ million)

09.30.13 Market closure

256,384,419
7.80
-45.8%
-14.1%
-9.5%
-14.2%
2.0
12.1

Brasil Pharma

Source: Bloomberg, as of September 30st, 2013.
Company’s IPO on June 24, 2011.

Sep-13

Aug-13

Jul-13

Jun-13

May-13

Apr-13

Mar-13

Feb-13

Jan-13

Dec-12

Nov-12

Oct-12

Sep-12

Aug-12

Jul-12

Jun-12

May-12

Apr-12

Mar-12

Feb-12

Jan-12

Dec-11

Nov-11

Oct-11

Sep-11

Aug-11

Jul-11

Jun-11

IBOV
Brph apresentação call 3 t13 (eng)
Brph apresentação call 3 t13 (eng)

Brph apresentação call 3 t13 (eng)

  • 1.
    3Q13 Conference CallPresentation November 14, 2013
  • 2.
    Operational & Financial •Gross revenues of R$916.2 million, an increase of 13.9% over 3Q12. • Gross Margin of 30.7%, in line with 3Q12 • Total SSS of 10.7%, with 6.5% for mature stores • Adjusted EBITDA of R$51.7 million, with adjusted EBITDA margin of 5.6% • Adjusted net income of R$13.5 million, with adjusted net margin of 1.5% • With the opening of 13 new owned stores and 31 franchises, we ended 3Q13 with 1,186 stores.
  • 3.
    2 253 Owned stores 123Owned stores 1 20 123 15 15 149 Owned stores 70 7 7 15 123 203 Owned stores 458 Franchises 97 REGIONS Owned stores 30 North 132 National Footprint Northeast 251 Midwest 142 12 Southeast South 203 5 Distribution centers 191 728 Owned stores 458 Franchises 1,186 stores
  • 4.
    13 34 15 12 248 250 253 118 121 123 210 213 203 132 143 149 2012 Organic Growth 11.8% 11.3% Closing 1H13 Stores openless than 12 months Organic Growth 61.4% Stores open 24 to 36 months Stores open more than 36 months 3Q13  47 openings in 9M13 (13 in 3Q13) 27 closings (12 in 3Q13, all of them from Mais Econômica)  38.6% of owned stores not yet at mature stage Stores open 12 to 24 months 15.5% Closing
  • 5.
    31 46 6 1 388 2012 458 433 Openings Closing • 77 openings in9M13 (31 in 3Q13) • Accelerated expansion strategy • Gain of scale (for franchisees and Brasil Pharma) 1H13 Openings Closing 3Q13
  • 6.
    2.565,1 2.250,6 804,4 916,2 3Q12 3Q13 9M12 9M13 SSS Total SSS maturestores (36 months or older) 15,1% 12,0% 10,8% 10,7% 9,8% 7,8% 5,2% 3Q12 4Q12 4,3% 1Q13 6,5% 5,3% 2Q13 3Q13
  • 7.
    Generic penetration inmedicine sales 45,9% 45,2% 45,6% 45,5% 45,8% 35,2 17,0% 16,4% 16,5% 16,9% 15,8% 31,3 37,1% 38,4% 37,9% 37,6% 38,4% 3Q12 4Q12 1Q13 2Q13 3Q13 Non-medicines Generic Medicine Branded medicine 3Q12 3Q13
  • 8.
  • 9.
    25,2% 24,2% 25,1% 18,0% 19,1% 6,2% 645,6 6,0% 6,8% 6,0% 3Q12 3Q13 9M12 9M13 547,1 393,6 194,8 24,3% 17,5% 19,2% 491,3 229,8 144,7 174,6 50,1 55,2 3Q12 3Q13 General & Administrative 153,5 154,3 9M12 9M13 Salesexpenses G&A Dilution (R$'000) Gross Revenues General and administrative expenses (G&A) % Gross Revenues G&A % 3Q11 3Q12 Proforma 673,570 804,393 (55,939) (50,123) 8.3% 6.2% 3Q13 Sales expenses % SG&A total % 9M11 9M12 9M13 Proforma Proforma 916,194 1,839,403 2,250,596 2,565,085 (55,179) (139,701) (153,476) (154,296) 6.0% 7.6% 6.8% 6.0%
  • 10.
    Non recurring expenses(R$'000) Non recurring SG&A IPO /Debenture issuance expenses M&A/Branding Income related to Santana insurance Platforms Integration/Downsizing Other 3Q12 (7,639) 3Q13 35,000 (426) (3,080) (263) 35,000 9M12 6,874 (108) (2,630) 21,653 (7,908) (263) 9M13 32,406 (684) (1,763) 34,853 Adjustments on 3Q13: • Adjustment of R$35 million in non-cash revenue: reducing the balance of a future installment of one of our acquisitions. • In regard to our integration process, we continue to make no adjustments.
  • 11.
    6,5% 5,6% 6,0% 5,3% 135,5 52,3 3Q13 9M12 9M13 51,7 3Q12 134,8 Net Income reconciliation(R$'000) Net income (loss) % Net margin (-) Non recurring expenses (-) SOP expenses (-) Adjustments on Depreciation and amortization¹ (-) Income tax and social contrib. from non recurring expenses² Adjusted Net Income (loss) % Adjusted net margin 3Q12 7,610 0.9% (7,639) (5,751) (5,905) 26,905 3.3% 3Q13 42,325 4.6% 35,000 (3,205) (2,987) 13,518 1.5% 9M12 Proforma 9M13 Proforma 26,735 1.2% 6,874 (8,601) (22,862) (9,940) 61,264 2.7% 1 - Portion relating to commercial establishments amortization and brand amortization. 2 - Due to adjustments in non-recurring expenses and revenues during 2012, in 1Q12 we excluded the effects of Income and Social Contribution Taxes on the insurance coverage for Sant’ana’s distribution center, which was destroyed by a fire in December 2011. 36,867 1.4% 32,406 (8,904) (10,594) 23,960 0.9%
  • 12.
    Cash position andindebtedness (R$'000) 3Q12 4Q12 1Q13 2Q13 3Q13 (+) Loans and financing Short term Long term (+) Debentures Short term Long term (+) Accounts payable for investment acquisition Short term Long term 149,124 43,953 105,171 260,759 12,461 248,298 333,591 97,971 235,620 177,049 83,229 93,820 253,642 5,237 248,405 345,333 99,711 245,622 169,079 44,864 124,215 258,937 10,427 248,510 264,430 82,833 181,597 160,228 41,694 118,534 253,964 5,348 248,616 232,581 81,986 150,595 247,170 150,963 96,207 260,704 11,982 248,722 179,652 82,681 96,971 (=) Total Indebtedness Short term (%) Long term (%) (-) Cash and cash equivalents 743,474 776,024 692,446 646,773 687,526 20.8% 24.2% 19.9% 19.9% 35.7% 79.2% 75.8% 80.1% 80.1% 64.3% (404,783) (368,751) (183,870) (162,205) (213,132) (=) Net Debt Net debt/Adjusted EBITDA (LTM) 338,691 407,273 508,576 484,568 474,394 1.9 X 2.1 X 2.7 X 2.5 X 2.5 X
  • 13.
    Working capial Accounts receivable Inventories Suppliers Workingcapital in days 3Q12 4Q12 1Q13 2Q13 3Q13 24 95 49 70 23 95 58 60 24 108 56 76 18 109 73 53 5 112 56 62
  • 14.
    Cash flow Statement(R$'000) EBT (+) Depreciation and amortization (+) Others Operating cash generation (+) Change in working capital¹ (+) Change in other assets and liabilities Cash consumption Income Tax & Social Contribution payed Net cash generated by operating activities 3Q12 9M12 9M13 8,668 50,559 26,689 54,164 13,367 28,246 18,732 (34,379) - 41,727 54,284 52,248 (14,165) 50,281 34,912 122,700 92,247 (62,962) 15,283 (39,520) (214,054) 36,415 6,498 (25,461) (110,719) (47,679) (33,022) (239,515) (1,728) 874 (-) Capex from operations (-) Acquisitions Net Cash from investing activities (48,652) (20,460) (69,113) (+/-) Loans and financing (+) Equity funding / Dividends Net Cash from financing activities (20,142) 81,897 61,755 Change in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents - opening balance Cash and cash equivalents - closing balance (6,484) 411,267 404,783 1- The variation in working capital includes the change in accounts receivable, inventories and suppliers. 3Q13 (4,646) (16,525) (2,756) (133,340) (74,304) (6,098) 11,845 (31,280) (96,375) (105,232) (1,542) (348,358) (114,293) (32,822) (444,733) (219,525) 92,508 238,612 (6,005) 480,689 86,503 719,302 50,926 162,205 213,132 51,091 970 52,061 141,228 (155,619) 263,555 368,751 404,783 213,132
  • 15.
     Integration Status Mais Econômica repositioning  “Go Live” SAP  2nd Debenture Issuance  “Best in People Management” Award  New Vice-President
  • 16.
    Administrative Commercial Integration BackOffice activities Logistics- New DC's (SSC)  (Continuous improvement)  Not integrated (expected to 2014)  (Continuous improvement)  (Continuous improvement)   (Continuous improvement) Nov.2012  Pernambuco DC Jun.2013 / Pará DC under analysis  Out.2013  Oct.2012 Trade Marketing Integration   Not integrated   On going  (Continuous improvement) Operations Procurement Integration  (Continuous improvement)  Not integrated  (Continuous improvement)  (Continuous improvement) Sales Force Training  "Vendo Mais" in practice   "Vendo Mais" being implemented  "Vendo Mais" in practice  "Vendo Mais" in practice Systems Integration Expansion  Expansion focus  Expansion focus  SAP - BackOffice Module    Front Office Systems   "Go Live" 1Q14 Implemented Single System under analysis     "Go live" To be implemented Single System under (expected to 2014) in 2014 analysis   Repositioning of stores "Go Live" 2Q14   ok Expansion focus WMS - Logistics Module   Under implementation  Implemented   Single System under analysis   Single System under analysis
  • 17.
     Layout adjustments -56 stores renovations - 3 stores completely reformed (1 new Concept store)  Sales mix revision  Sales force training  Repositioning of stores - 16 closings (12 in 3Q13), 6 more stores expected to be closed by the end of the year - 9 openings, 7 of them in the new standard (2 in 3Q13)  New DC in Canoas: - Increase the volume purchased from the industry - Better supply efficiency
  • 18.
    Traditional standard Pilot standard Newstandard • Traditional façade • New yellow façade: lost of brand identity • Traditional façade • Indoor layout: visual pollution • Indoor layout: “clean” visual over sophisticated • Indoor layout: “clean” visual with popular appeal
  • 19.
    SIG6 Gestão ProcfitProteus Steps 1º wave: Oct/13 - “Go live” Rosário 2º wave : 1H14 - “Go live” Santana, Mais Econômica and Farmais 3º wave : 1H14 - “Go live” Big Ben/SSC integration Benefits from an Integrated System  Process standardization  Better integration capacity  Faster and more precise information  Higher quality information to shareholders
  • 20.
    2º Debentures Issuance R$287.7 million captured (15.1% additional to the initial offering) 1st Series Principal: R$213 million Issue Date: September 15, 2013 Term: 5 years Coupon: CDI + 1.70 p.a. Interest Payments: Biannual Maturity: September 15, 2018 2nd Series Principal: R$73 million Issue Date: September 15, 2013 Total: 7 years Coupon: IPCA + 7.48 p.a. Interest Payments: Biannual Maturity: September 15, 2020 Allocation: (i) 50% for amortization of the company’s short-term debt along its contractual maturities (ii) 50% for cash reinforcement and working capital
  • 21.
    “Best People Management” PEOPLE-FOCUSED strategy  Construction of a strong MERITOCRACY based culture  Consolidating a PERENNIAL and PROFITABLE company Ranking category over 15,000 employees 1º EMBRAER 2º BRADESCO 3º TELEFÔNICA/VIVO 4º ITAÚ UNIBANCO 5º BRASIL PHARMA The assessment takes into account the employees’ satisfaction and the degree of their engagement: the winning companies have best practices in managing people, contributing not only to their employees’ satisfaction, but also to their engagement, which directly influences the business’ results.
  • 22.
    BPHA3 Shares outstanding Price (R$/share) AnnualPerformance Ibovespa Index Perfomance since IPO¹ Ibovespa Index Market Cap (R$ Bn) Average daily trading volume in 2013 (R$ million) 09.30.13 Market closure 256,384,419 7.80 -45.8% -14.1% -9.5% -14.2% 2.0 12.1 Brasil Pharma Source: Bloomberg, as of September 30st, 2013. Company’s IPO on June 24, 2011. Sep-13 Aug-13 Jul-13 Jun-13 May-13 Apr-13 Mar-13 Feb-13 Jan-13 Dec-12 Nov-12 Oct-12 Sep-12 Aug-12 Jul-12 Jun-12 May-12 Apr-12 Mar-12 Feb-12 Jan-12 Dec-11 Nov-11 Oct-11 Sep-11 Aug-11 Jul-11 Jun-11 IBOV