How do we learn about our various group identities like female, African American, Buddhist, homosexual, middle class, etc.? From whom do we learn the meaning of these terms? What messages have we internalized about ourselves and others? What are the differences that result in one person having a healthy self identity and another person experiencing own-group shame and hatred? Learn how we can co-author the identity development of youth to progress toward positive success for all.
Introduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher Education
Brighton School Identity Development for Educators
1. Brighton School
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee
Seattle Girls’ School
I Learned Who I Was When…
Identity Development
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
3. Agenda
Culture and Identity
Exercise: Up-Downs
Identity Development and School
Discussion: How Identities Show Up
Takeaways and Next Steps
Resources
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
4. Culture [consists] primarily of the
symbolic, ideational, and intangible
aspects of human societies… It is the
values, symbols, interpretations, and
perspectives that distinguish one
people from another.
James A. Banks
What is Culture?
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
5. Cultural Competency
Cultural competence is a set of
congruent behaviors, attitudes and
policies that come together in a
system, institution or individual and
enable that system, institution or
individual to work effectively in cross-
cultural situations.
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
Terry Cross
6. Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
The Jones Model of Cultural Competence
Cultural Self-
Awareness
Cultural
Intelligence
Cross-Cultural
Effectiveness
Skills
Countering
Oppression
through
Inclusion
7. What is it?
What are the
various dimensions
of identity?
Why identity
development?
Identity Development
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
8. Dimensions of Identity and Culture
This model of identifiers and culture was created by Karen Bradberry and Johnnie Foreman for NAIS Summer Diversity Institute,
adapted from Loden and Rosener’s Workforce America! (1991) and from Diverse Teams at Work, Gardenswartz & Rowe (SHRM 2003).
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
9. National Coalition Building Institute, Seattle Chapter, “Building Bridges Workshop,” Adapted by Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee
• Stand proudly for your group
• Stand for as many groups
within one category
as applies to you
• If you are not standing,
cheer and applaud
the people who are
Exercise: Up-Downs
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
10. Place of Birth or Upbringing
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
19. Debrief: Up-Downs
How did it feel to
stand and claim your
identities and
experiences? To be
applauded for them?
To applaud others for
their identities and
their experiences?
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
21. Identity Development Models
• All Models Have Some
Value
• All Models Have Some
Limitations
• Models Are Linear;
Experiences Are Not
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
22. Innocence and Self Esteem
Encounter and Self Doubt
Assimilation to the Majority
Immersion into Identity
Emersion
Integration
Identity Development:
Marginalized Identities
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
23. Innocence and Self Esteem
Encounter and Confusion
Attempt to Reintegrate
Re-Encounter and Guilt
Acceptance and Action
Immersion and Emersion
Integration
Identity Development:
Privileged Identities
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
24. Parallel
Regressive
Crossed
Progressive
Symbiotic
R.T. Carter’s Model:
Racial Identity and
Social Interactions
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
25. Effect of Varying Identifications
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
27. Identity Journeys We See
How do you see youth and
adults’ identity journey
play out at the school?
Are there certain groups
who experience more
challenges than others?
How so?
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
28. Identity Frames
Intractability
Identity Socialization
Co-Authorship of Identity
Identity and Cultural Inclusion
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
29. Timeline for Early Awareness of
Difference and Oppression
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
Age Signs
6 months Can discern racial feature differences
3 years Aware of own and others’ gender.
Beginning awareness of gender roles
5 years Expresses desire to categorize – self, others
Curiosity about meaning of differences
Aware of biases
7 years Can regulate biases versus behaviors
Starting to parrot adult messages
3rd grade Are aware of societal stereotypes
5th grade Have internalized stereotypical messages
30. When They’re Little
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
Theme: Trying to Understand the World
Curiosity based questions about difference
Find out what they’re actually asking
Find out why they’re asking
Answer their questions straightforwardly
Model and coach humility, delight, and
curiosity about difference
Be mindful of children’s media – it’s not
always good for kids
31. Curricular Approaches
Exposure Base
Allowing Questions
Gentle Guidance
Modeling Comfort With Discussions
Expanding Definition of What’s Possible
Fairness, Kindness, and Rightness
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
32. The Middle Years
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
Theme: Who Am I? How Do I Have Power?
“Friendship Extinction Event”
Identity search through grouping
Good and bad cliques
Open their horizons about identity
Be steady through their rollercoaster
Coach more, teach less
33. Curricular Approaches
Experiential And Discovery Base
Facilitating Questions and Discussions
Media Literacy
Patterns and Systems
Values and Actions
Autonomy and Choice
Justice and Activism
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
35. What Parents Fear and
What We Can Do About It
“I don’t have any language around this…”
“I want to protect their innocence…”
“Are you teaching my kids values?”
“I don’t want my kid to feel spotlighted…”
“How will this get my kid into college?”
Heads Up Communication
Resources and Language
Clear Reiteration of Mission and Values
Research and Your Expertise
Explicit Communication of Parents’ Roles
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
36. Developmental Model of Intercultural
Sensitivity (DMIS) Schematic
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
38. Discussion:
How Will I Apply All This?
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
39. Final Questions or Comments?
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
40. Presenter Information
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee
6th Faculty and
Professional Outreach
Seattle Girls’ School
2706 S Jackson Street
Seattle WA 98144
(206) 805-6562
rlee@seattlegirlsschool.org
http://tiny.cc/rosettalee
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
41. Identity Resources
• Carlos H. Arce, “A Reconsideration of Chicano Culture
and Identity”
• Atkinson, Morten, & Sue, “Racial/Cultural Identity
Development Model (R/CID)”
• Mindy Bingham and Sandy Stryker, “Socioemotional
Development for Girls”
• Vivienne Cass, “Homosexual identity formation: Testing
a theoretical model”
• William Cross, Shades of Black: Diversity in African
American Identity”
• Anthony D’Augelli, “ Identity development and sexual
orientation: Toward a model of lesbian, gay, and
bisexual development”
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
42. Identity Resources
• Erik Erikson, “Eight Stages of Man”
• J. E. Helms, Various Publications on Racial and Ethnic
Identity Development
• Jean Kim, “Processes of Asian American Identity
Development”
• James Maricia, “Four Ego and Identity Statuses”
• Suzanne Kobasa Ouellette, “The Three C’s of
Hardiness”
• Jean S. Phinney, “Ethnic Identity in Adolescents and
Adults: Review of the Research”
• Ponterotto & Pederso, Preventing Prejudice
• Maria P. P. Root, Various Works on Multiracial Identity
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
43. Identity Resources
• Patricia Romney, Karlene Ferron, and Jennifer Hill,
“Measuring the Success of Diversity Directors in
Independent Schools”
• Pedro Ruiz, “Latino/a Identity Development Model”
• Chalmer E. Thompson and Robert T. Carter, Racial
Identity Theory
• Alex Wilson, “How We Find Ourselves: Identity
Development and Two Spirit People”
• Christine J. Yeh, “The Collectivistic Nature of Identity
Development Among Asian-American College
Students”
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)
44. Miscellaneous Resources
• Karen Bradberry and Johnnie Foreman, “Privilege and
Power,” Summer Diversity Institute, National Association
of Independent Schools, 2009
• Po Bronson and Ashley Merryman, Nurture Shock
• Kevin Jennings, GLSEN (Gay Lesbian and Straight Education
Network) www.glsen.org
• Allan G. Johnson, Privilege, Power, and Difference
• Johnnie McKinley, “Leveling the Playing Field and Raising
African American Students’ Achievement in Twenty-nine
Urban Classrooms,” New Horizons for Learning,
http://www.newhorizons.org/strategies/differentiated/
mckinley.htm
Michael J Nakkula and Eric Toshalis, Understanding Youth.
Rosetta Eun Ryong Lee (http://tiny.cc/rosettalee)