Rise of Islam

1. Rise of Islam
Unit 2 Section 2
Essential Standards: How do religions influence
political power and create cultural unity in European
Regions?
I can: identify how all religions are similar. I can trace &
give examples of how beliefs influence actions.

2. fasting during Ramadan
Charity
hajj, or pilgrimage to
Mecca
(jihad or effort in God’s
service it may include acts
of charity/an inner struggle)
Muhammad Became the Prophet of
Islam
 Angel Gabriel messenger of God.
 Mecca to Medina
 630 Muhammad returned to Mecca &
rededicated the Kaaba to Allah.
 Died in 632.-summary of his life
Teachings of Islam
 Arabian Peninsula
 Monotheistic
 5 duties Five Pillars:
 Faith
daily prayer

3. Quran
Belief in the same
God as the Jews &
Christians.
 Final & complete
revelation from God
Islam as a Way of
Life
 Islamic system of
law, called Sharia,
regulated moral
conduct.
 Unlike the West, it
does not separate
religious matters from
criminal or civil law.
 What is Sharia Law

4. Islam Spreads
 How were the Muslims able to conquer
so many lands?
People in the Fertile Crescent welcomed Arab
conquerors as liberators.
 Common faith
Spread of Islam: Causes and Effects
 Immediate Effects
Centers of learning flourish in Cairo & Córdoba
 Long-Term Effects
Est. trade network
Split b/w Sunni & Shiites

5. Movements Within Islam
 Muhammad’s death
 Abu Bakr Mohammad’s father-in-law first
caliph.
SUNNI
 caliph, chosen by
leaders of the Muslim
community (sunna).
 Majority of Muslims today.
SHIITES
Named after shi’at
Ali, followers of Ali
Believed that only
descendents,
called Imams, of
Muhammad could
become caliph.
What's the
difference?

6. The Umayyads and the Abbassids
 golden age in Muslim civilization.
UMAYYADS
In 731-32 moved into France,
stopped by the Franks at the
Battle of Tours.
ruled until 750
Success based on:
Common faith
Allowed other people to practice
their religion, but had to pay a
special tax.
Prohibited looting

7. ABBASSIDS
Lasted until 1258
Greatest wealth & power
 Golden age
al-Mansur created the capital of Baghdad
Decline of the Muslim Empire
 Around 850, the empire fragmented.
 900s, Seljuk Turks invaded By 1055 a Seljuk sultan, or
ruler, controlled Baghdad,.
 1099 Christian crusaders captured Jerusalem.
 1200s and 1300s, Mongol invaders

8. Hughes explains Islam
Who is God in Islam-Morgan Freeman
Brief history of Islam