The document outlines public assistance policies in Brazil and Korea, focusing on their frameworks and objectives to combat poverty. It details Brazil's Bolsa Família program, which provides conditional cash transfers to low-income families, and emphasizes the integration of social protection systems. Additionally, it compares the public assistance systems of Brazil and Korea, highlighting similarities and differences in their approaches to social welfare and the support of vulnerable populations.

1. PUBLIC ASSISTANCE
POLICY: COMBATING
POVERTY,
The experience of Brazil and Korea
공공부조 정책 : 빈곤 과의 싸
움 – 브라질 과 한국 사례

2. I -BRAZIL PUBLIC
ASSISTANCE POLICY AND
SYSTEM
브라질 공공부조와 시스템

3. HHEELLPP// CCHHAARRIITTYY
• Philanthropy
• Individual Culpability
• Eventually provided
• Does not generate social
changes
Public Assistance
RRIIGGHHTT
• Social Right;
• Recognizes that the State has the
responsibility to provide social
protection;
• Continous service, transforms lives
and society;
• Recognizes individual and social
needs;
• Recognizes the role and potential of
the family
• Incentivize the individual, family
and collective development.
7
CCHHAANNGGIINNGG PPAARRAADDIIGGMM
BEFORE 1988 Federal
Constitution
AFTER 1988 Federal Constitution

4. PPrriinncciipplleess ooff SSoocciiaall
PPrrootteeccttiioonn iinn BBrraazziill
1.Guarantee of minimum
income
2.Universal coverage of
Services
3.Cross-cutting and
integrated policies

5. PPUUBBLLIICC AASSSSIISSTTAANNCCEE –– OOBBJJEECCTTIIVVEESS
Social protection in PPuubblliicc AAssssiissttaannccee iimmpplliieess::
✔ SSuubbssiisstteennccee SSeeccuurriittyy (IInnccoommee aanndd AAuuttoonnoommyy))
✔ RReeffuuggee SSeeccuurriittyy
✔ FFaammiillyy aanndd CCoommmmuunniittyy LLiiffee SSeeccuurriittyy
BBrraazziilliiaann PPuubblliicc AAssssiittaannccee ggooaallss::
✔ SSoocciiaall PPrrootteeccttiioonn
✔ FFoollllooww uupp ssoocciiaall aassssiissttaannccee
✔ GGuuaarraanntteeee ooff ssoocciiaall rriigghhttss

6. Basic Social Protection
Risk and vulnerability ssaaccaallee
Special Social Protection
High Complexity
Medium
Complexity
CRAS
CREAS
Prevention
&
social
inclusion
High
vulnerability
in Personal
and social
level

7. BBaassiicc SSoocciiaall PPrrootteeccttiioonn
Preventive
 Beneficiaries: people in social vulnerability, such as:
o Poverty situation (any level)
o Deprivation (accident or natural disaster,
unemployment, lack of access to social services)
o Discrimination (aging, ethnic, gender or
disability etc.)

8. BBaassiicc SSoocciiaall PPrrootteeccttiioonn
Service Providers: Social Agencies for Basic
Services – CRAS
Benefits and/or Programs:
 Continuous Cash Transfer Benefit – BPC
- Non- contributive benefit which pays a minimum
salary to disabled people unable to work and
elderly ( 65 years old or more) who have and
income less than a quarter (1/4 of minimum wage)
 Bolsa Familia Program – BFP
- Conditional Cash Transfer Benefit

9. SSppeecciiaall SSoocciiaall PPrrootteeccttiioonn
Interventive
 Beneficiaries: people who are in high vunerable social
or personal situation, such as:
o Violence
o Sexual Abuse
o Work Exploitation

10. SSppeecciiaall SSoocciiaall PPrrootteeccttiioonn
Service Providers: Social Agencies for Specialized
Services – CREAS
Services and/or Programs:
 Social Protection Service to Children, adolescents and
their families victims of sexual abuse and labor
exploitation
 Social Protection Service to Children or adolescents
who have commited a crime and are in detention,
childcare regime or probation
 Social Services to Support individual or families
victms of any kind of violence

11. II - BRAZIL BASIC INCOME
& BOLSA FAMILIA
PROGRAM (BPF)
브라질의 기초소득과 Bolsa
Familia 프로그램

12. MINIMUM BASIC INCOME X BOLSA
FAMILIA
 Universal Basic
Income to all citizens
 Unconditional income
cash transfer with
same amount to all
citizens
 Enacted in 2004 by
President Lula
 Propose by Lula to be
implemented by steps
 Negative Tax, cash
transfer just for low
income families
 Conditional cash
transfers with same
amount to low income
families
 First step of basic
income
implementation
BASIC INCOME

BOLSA FAMILIA

13. BOLSA FAMILIA PROGRAM (BFP)
MAIN CHARACTHERISTICS:
The BFP is a policy of direct conditional cash transfer carried out since
October 2003 by the Brazil Federal government.
Eligibility criteria: Registry + Income per capita of R$ 140 (US$ 58).
Coverage (2013): 14 million families (1/4 of the Brazilian population)
 Income transfer: It has transferred annually R$ 24 billion (US$ 10
billion).
The average value is R$ 152 (US$ 63) per house member.
o BFP costs less than 0.5% of the Brazilian GDP.
(Source: Ministry of Social Development Statistics, 2013)

14. DIMENSIONS OF BOLSA FAMÍLIA PROGRAM
Transferência
condicionada de
renda
• Focalizado
• Condicionado
• De livre utilização

15. Which CONDITIONALITIES?
Health Promotion and Preventive healthcare
School Inclusion and Permanence

16. ELIGILIBILTY AND PAYMENT CRITERIA
MMAAIINN OOBBJJEECCTTIIVVEE::
o RReelliieevvee ppoovveerrttyy aanndd ssoocciiaallllyy vvuullnneerraabbllee ssiittuuaattiioonn tthhrroouugghh ccaasshh ttrraannssffeerr;;
o BBrreeaakk tthhee ppoovveerrttyy ccyyccllee ttoowwaarrdd ggeenneerraattiioonn tthhrroouugghh ccoonnddiittiioonnaalliittyy iinn eedduuccaattiioonn aanndd hheeaalltthh
o IInncceennttiivviizzee ffaammiilliieess ddeevveellooppmmeenntt wwhhoo aarree aabbllee ttoo wwoorrkk tthhoouugghh ssuupppplleemmeennttaarryy pprrooggrraammss
ENTRANCE
Declared low income (less than ½ of the minimum wage), Single
Registry in CADUNICO, NO means test or proxy means test
PAYMENT
Monthly payment in individual bank account
With a ATM card sent to the families by mail
Free will to use the resources
Normally, Payment to women householder, except
families with male as head of household.

17. ELIGILIBILTY AND PAYMENT CRITERIA
Bolsa Familia benefit basic income cash
transfer and different payment criteria
BENEFICIARIES BENEFITS
ADOLESCENTS
(16 to 17 years old)
CHILDREN
(Up to 15 years old)
POOR FAMILY
Per capita income between
R$ 70,00 and R$140 (U$
30 and U$ 62)
EXTREMELY POOR
FAMILY
Per capita income below
R$ 70,00 (U$ 30)
0 0 - R$ 68,00 ( basic benefit)
0 1 R$ 22,00 R$ 68,00 + R$ 22,00
0 2 R$ 44,00 R$ 68,00 + R$ 44,00
0 3 or more R$ 66,00 R$ 68,00 + R$ 66,00
1 0 R$ 33,00 R$ 68,00 + R$ 33,00
1 1 R$ 55,00 R$ 68,00 + R$ 55,00
1 2 R$ 77,00 R$ 68,00 + R$ 77,00
1 3 or more R$ 99,00 R$ 68,00 + R$ 99,00
2 or more 0 R$ 66,00 R$ 68,00 + R$ 66,00
2 or more 1 R$ 88,00 R$ 68,00 + R$ 88,00
2 or more 2 R$ 110,00 R$ 68,00 + R$ 110,00
2 or more 3 or more R$ 132,00 R$ 68,00 + R$ 132,00
Source: Ministry of Social Development (MDS, 2011)

18. Unified RReeggiissttrraattiioonn ffoorr llooww
iinnccoommee ffaammiillyy -- CCAADDUUNNIICCOO
o It’s a survey for Brazilian low income families
o It contains basic personal and household characteristics
profile:
 household characteristics
 schooling
 work and income
 household expenditures
 vulnerable situations: homeless, child labour,
indigenous.
o More than 20 national programs and different public
policies use the information of the Unified Registry
(CadUnico) at federal level.

19. UUsseerrss ooff tthhee CCAADDUUNNIICCOO

20. IImmpplliiccaattiioonn ooff tthhee UUnniiffiieedd
RReeggiissttrryy
Unified
Registry
CADUNICO
Selection
and
targeting
Research and
Development
Research and
Development
On demand: query
mechanisms
Pensions for low
income housewives;
housing programs,
electricity discounts
policy.
Automatic through
data matching
(Bolsa Família, Bolsa
Estiagem and Bolsa
Verde).
Implementation
priorities
(Pronatec and
Education)
Targeting
analysis (Luz
para Todos)
Public policy
planning and
management
Public policy
planning and
management

21. III - BRAZIL & KOREA
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE
SYSTEM: A GENERAL
COMPARISON
브라질과 한국의 공공부조 시스
템 비교

22. BACKGROUND AND REASONS
FOR COMPARISON
 There are many comparative research on social
assistance on the scale of Europeans countries in
OECD (Alesina et al., 2004; Caminada et. Al.,
2011; Lorentzen et al., 2014; Nelson, 2010;
Sacareno 2002) or Korean social assistance with
other Europeans countries (Jung, 2005; Jung,
2007) and countries with the same Confucian
regime background like Japan and China (Gao et
al.,2011).
 There are not too many studies comparing Korea
to Latin America countries, specially in social
field.

23. BACKGROUND AND REASONS
FOR COMPARISON
 Korea and Brazil have achieved a high economic
growth but at the same time social welfare needs
have increased.
 Both countries’ public assistance programs
originates from the idea that every developing or
developed country have a set of programs that
transfers certain amount of the country`s gross
domestic product (GDP) to improve the well-being
of those near the bottom of income
distribution (Kenworth, 1999).

24. BRAZIL AND KOREA PUBLIC
ASSISTANCE SYSTEM
SIMILARITIES & DIFFERENCES
KOREA BRAZIL
-Individual &
family in
vulnerability
- Poor and
extreme poor
households
-decentralizing
services
-Work incentive
- Payment based
on n. family
members
Principle of
individualism
Strict means test
Minimum
standard of life
Parents duty to
support
self-sufficiency
program
Social Welfare Panel
Monitoring every year
Principle of
Family integrity
and security
No means test
Minimum
national wage
Levels of social
assistance
services
Unified Low
income family
system
Monitoring
every two
years

25. QUESTIONS

26. THANK YOU!
감사합니다 !
Ana Paula G. Matias
Field practice – KIHASA
Social Welfare – Hallym University
anamatias32@gmail.com