Brazil has been a democratic federative republic since 1889. The current president is Dilma Vana Rousseff, who was elected in 2011 and 2014. Brazil has a presidential system with the president serving as both head of state and head of government for a 4-year term. In 2015, Brazil's GDP was estimated at $1.799 trillion with an external debt of $343.221 billion and unemployment rate of 7.9%.