This document contains definitions for key terms used in the Bombay Provincial Municipal Corporations Act of 1949. It defines terms related to municipal governance structures like "Corporation", "Councillor", and "Commissioner". It also defines various types of businesses and economic activity that would be subject to regulations, like "dairy", "dairyman", "dairy produce", and provides an expansive definition of "business". Finally, it outlines some qualifications and roles of elected representatives to the Corporation like qualifications to vote and be a Councillor.
Architecture and Town Planning _Unit 5_SPPU_LARR, UDPFI, RERA and MAHA-RERA b...Shrikant Kate
Savitribai Phule Pune University
Board of Studies in Civil Engineering
B. E. Civil 2015 COURSE (w. e. f. June 2018)
401004 Elective I (4)- Architecture and Town Planning
Unit V:
• Land Acquisition Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act
• URDPFI Guidelines (for land use, infrastructure etc.),
• Real Estate (Regulation and Development )Act 2016 and MAHA-RERA
Uttar Pradesh Urban Planning and Development Act- 1973Ar Vikram Singh
all about the Uttar Pradesh Urban Planning and Development Act- 1973, in a form of questions and answers
after going through this you will get the detail knowledge of this act.
TDR - CASE STUDIES OF MUMBAI CHENNAI BANGALORE
TRANSFERABLE DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS
Transferable Development Rights or TDR can be considered as an important raw material in the real estate industry as it allows the developer to build over and above the permissible Floor Space Index (FSI) under the prevalent rules of the respective locations.
RERA aims to increase transparency and protect home buyers in the real estate sector. It requires developers to register projects and disclose all relevant information to buyers. Key provisions for buyers include maintaining 70% of funds in separate escrow accounts, defining carpet areas, establishing resident welfare associations, and allowing refunds for delays or structural defects. RERA will impact builders by requiring greater financial strength and transparency, while real estate agents must register and disclose all project details to customers. Overall, RERA is expected to benefit the industry through increased regulation and transparency.
The State Housing Federation provides affordable housing to low-income groups through cooperative housing societies registered with them at the state level. The Maharashtra Housing and Development Authority (MHADA) constructs and sells housing units to low and middle-income groups across Maharashtra. MHADA housing is allocated through a lottery system to increase transparency and reduce favoritism in the process of allotting homes.
This document provides an overview of the National Urban Transport Policy (NUTP) in India. It discusses the problems facing urban areas like traffic congestion, high travel costs, and air pollution. It outlines the vision of the policy to make cities more livable and engines of economic growth. The objectives are to ensure safe, affordable access to jobs, education and other needs. It discusses various policy measures like integrating land use and transport planning, prioritizing public transport and non-motorized transport, and encouraging the use of cleaner technologies. The role of the central government, private sector participation, and the need for public awareness are also summarized.
Architecture and Town Planning _Unit 5_SPPU_LARR, UDPFI, RERA and MAHA-RERA b...Shrikant Kate
Savitribai Phule Pune University
Board of Studies in Civil Engineering
B. E. Civil 2015 COURSE (w. e. f. June 2018)
401004 Elective I (4)- Architecture and Town Planning
Unit V:
• Land Acquisition Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act
• URDPFI Guidelines (for land use, infrastructure etc.),
• Real Estate (Regulation and Development )Act 2016 and MAHA-RERA
Uttar Pradesh Urban Planning and Development Act- 1973Ar Vikram Singh
all about the Uttar Pradesh Urban Planning and Development Act- 1973, in a form of questions and answers
after going through this you will get the detail knowledge of this act.
TDR - CASE STUDIES OF MUMBAI CHENNAI BANGALORE
TRANSFERABLE DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS
Transferable Development Rights or TDR can be considered as an important raw material in the real estate industry as it allows the developer to build over and above the permissible Floor Space Index (FSI) under the prevalent rules of the respective locations.
RERA aims to increase transparency and protect home buyers in the real estate sector. It requires developers to register projects and disclose all relevant information to buyers. Key provisions for buyers include maintaining 70% of funds in separate escrow accounts, defining carpet areas, establishing resident welfare associations, and allowing refunds for delays or structural defects. RERA will impact builders by requiring greater financial strength and transparency, while real estate agents must register and disclose all project details to customers. Overall, RERA is expected to benefit the industry through increased regulation and transparency.
The State Housing Federation provides affordable housing to low-income groups through cooperative housing societies registered with them at the state level. The Maharashtra Housing and Development Authority (MHADA) constructs and sells housing units to low and middle-income groups across Maharashtra. MHADA housing is allocated through a lottery system to increase transparency and reduce favoritism in the process of allotting homes.
This document provides an overview of the National Urban Transport Policy (NUTP) in India. It discusses the problems facing urban areas like traffic congestion, high travel costs, and air pollution. It outlines the vision of the policy to make cities more livable and engines of economic growth. The objectives are to ensure safe, affordable access to jobs, education and other needs. It discusses various policy measures like integrating land use and transport planning, prioritizing public transport and non-motorized transport, and encouraging the use of cleaner technologies. The role of the central government, private sector participation, and the need for public awareness are also summarized.
presentation based on Land Acquisition act and Land pooling in India. PPT is helpful for Urban Planning Students. discussed various land pooling models in India.
3.2 Maharashtra regional town planning actSachin PatiL
Development control rules,
Maharashtra Regional Town Planning Act,
Land acquisition act,
Village planning: Necessity and principles,
Rural developments- Growth
centre approach, Area Development approach, Integrated rural development
approach.
The National Urban Transport Policy was issued in 2006 by the Ministry of Urban Development to comprehensively improve urban transport services and infrastructure in India. The policy aims to ensure safe, affordable, quick, comfortable, and sustainable access for city residents to jobs, education, and other needs. It focuses on moving people rather than vehicles by providing sustainable mobility and accessibility for all citizens at reasonable cost and time. The policy involves making urban transport a priority in urban planning, allocating more road space to people over vehicles, improving public transport systems, and establishing institutional mechanisms for better coordination of transport planning and management.
Urban Planning & Development Act, 1973Aman Kudesia
This document summarizes the Uttar Pradesh Urban Planning & Development Act of 1973. It discusses the powers granted to planning authorities to carry out surveys, prepare master plans and zonal development plans, acquire and dispose of land, and implement approved plans. It also outlines provisions for master plans regarding land use zoning and development guidelines, and provisions for zonal plans regarding land use, population density, and development regulations.
THE REAL ESTATE (REGULATION AND DEVELOPMENT) ACT, 2016Narmdeshwar Singh
This is a presentation on the new Real Estate Act, 2016 which after a long 9 years came into force. It is considered to be consumer concentric Act enabling the consumers to enforce their rights smoothly under the law.
Planning Legislation in India (Town Planning)S.P. Sharma
The document discusses various town planning legislation in India, highlighting their importance and key aspects. It covers:
1) The Sanitary Commission of 1864 which was formed to oversee sanitation and public health in cities and address issues like epidemics.
2) The Bombay Improvement Act of 1898 which established improvement trusts to undertake slum removal and sanitation works.
3) The Bombay Town Planning Act of 1915 which was India's first town planning law conferring powers on local authorities to control future growth and prevent slums.
4) The Model Town and Country Planning Act of 1960 which provided a framework for state legislation on planning authorities, master plans, and land use regulation.
The document discusses planned unit developments (PUDs). It provides background on the evolution of PUDs in the 1960s-1970s as a way to comprehensively plan large parcels of land rather than individual lots. PUDs aim to mix uses and create more interesting developments than traditional zoning allows. The document defines PUDs and outlines their objectives, classification, design principles, steps for development, and advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional zoning. Case studies are also mentioned.
The document summarizes key aspects of land acquisition laws in India - the Land Acquisition Act of 1894 and its replacement, the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (LARR Act). It notes that the 1894 Act allowed arbitrary land acquisition without proper compensation or rehabilitation. The 2013 LARR Act established stricter social and environmental safeguards for land acquisition and resettlement of affected families, but was amended in 2014 via an ordinance exempting certain projects. This sparked protests against the dilution of land rights.
This document provides an overview of an upcoming webinar on decoding the Unified Development Control and Promotion Regulations (UDCPR). It includes an index of chapters that will be covered, with the name of the presenter for each chapter. The chapters include administration, development permission processes, land use classification, general land development requirements, building requirements, parking requirements, and special provisions. Definitions that will be important for understanding the content are also provided. The webinar aims to explain the provisions and requirements of the new UDCPR.
Maharashtra regional town planning act (1966)Pratham Pincha
Study of Maharashtra Regional Town Planning Act 1966 as a part of Urban Development Planning Studio 2014, Masters in Planning, CEPT University, Ahmedabad
This document summarizes presentations from a national workshop on local accessibility planning in Indian cities. It discusses:
1) The need for area-level planning to address infrastructure deficits and ensure citizen participation as mandated by law;
2) International examples of accessibility planning from the UK, US, and Netherlands that measure access to services and target at-risk groups;
3) Indian examples from Bangalore, Pune, Delhi that involve citizen participation in local budgeting, infrastructure surveys, and area planning.
Land Acquisition Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013Gopal Agarwal
The document discusses India's Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act of 2013 and proposed amendments. It provides background on the original 1894 land acquisition law and need for reform. Key points of LARR 2013 included exemptions from consent requirements, levels of consent needed for public-private partnerships and private projects, and compensation rules. Proposed amendments in 2014 and 2015 aimed to address implementation issues with social impact assessments and consent clauses slowing projects. The document outlines debate around the proposals and suggests the party effectively communicate the need for farmers' alternative livelihoods through infrastructure development.
Town planning schemes are prepared under the Maharashtra Regional and Town Planning Act of 1966 to implement development plans covering areas under planning authorities. The schemes involve land pooling and reconstitution to provide infrastructure and redistribute plots. Objectives include pooling land, reconfiguring plots, and providing social and physical infrastructure while recovering costs. Historically, the first town planning legislation was the 1915 Bombay Town Planning Act, which was replaced in 1954 to introduce development plans as the main planning instrument. Town planning schemes are intended to implement development plan proposals through a joint process between local authorities and landowners to pool, redistribute land, and share development costs.
REGIONAL PLAN: A CASE OF MUMBAI METROPOLITAN REGIONYash Shah
Regional planning deals with the efficient placement of land-use activities, infrastructure, and settlement growth across a larger area of land than an individual city or town. Regional planning is a sub-field of urban planning as it relates land use practices on a broader scale. It also includes formulating laws that will guide the efficient planning and management of such said regions.
Regions require various land uses; protection of farmland, cities, industrial space, transportation hubs and infrastructure, military bases, and wilderness. Regional planning is the science of efficient placement of infrastructure and zoning for the sustainable growth of a region. Advocates for regional planning such as new urbanist Peter Calthorpe, promote the approach because it can address region-wide environmental, social, and economic issues which may necessarily require a regional focus.
A ‘region’ in planning terms can be administrative or at least partially functional, and is likely to include a network of settlements and character areas. In most European countries, regional and national plans are ‘spatial’ directing certain levels of development to specific cities and towns in order to support and manage the region depending on specific needs, for example supporting or resisting polycentrism.
The Mumbai Metropolitan Planning Committee (MMPC) was formed under the provisions of the Maharashtra Metropolitan Planning Committee Act 1999 and has been entrusted with the task of preparing a Regional Plan for the Mumbai Metropolitan Area with help from MMRDA. Currently, the Regional Plan 1996 is in operation which was prepared by the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA) and sanctioned in 1999. The MMRDA was established under the MMRDA Act, 1974 and undertook the revision of the First regional plan prepared by the Regional Planning Board and sanctioned in 1973, under the provisions of the MR& TP Act, 1966.
The document summarizes the key aspects of the Maharashtra Rent Control Act of 1999. It defines important terms like tenant, landlord, and rent. It explains that the Act was introduced to unify existing rental laws under a single Act that applies statewide. Some important provisions are that rent can increase 4% annually and landlords must keep premises in good repair. The Act aims to balance protecting tenants from eviction while also ensuring landlords receive a fair return.
The document outlines a proposed national urban transport policy for India. The key objectives of the policy are to encourage integrated land use and transport planning, greater use of public transport and non-motorized modes, introduce intelligent transport systems, address road safety, reduce pollution, and raise finances through innovative mechanisms. The policy proposes various initiatives to achieve these objectives, including providing central government funding for public transport projects, prioritizing infrastructure for non-motorized transport, establishing unified metropolitan transport authorities, and conducting pilot projects and awareness campaigns.
Development control rules,
Maharashtra Regional Town Planning Act,
Land acquisition act,
Village planning: Necessity and principles,
Rural developments- Growth
centre approach, Area Development approach, Integrated rural development
approach.
The document summarizes key aspects of land acquisition laws and policies in India. It discusses the Land Acquisition Act of 1894, which allowed the government to acquire private land for public purposes with limited compensation. It then outlines the provisions of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (LARR), which established social impact assessments, consent requirements and increased compensation rates. Finally, it notes that the Modi government proposed amendments through an ordinance in 2015 to simplify the land acquisition process under LARR, but the ordinance lapsed due to protests claiming it was anti-farmer.
This document provides an overview of the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 in India. It includes the objectives of the act to protect home buyers, introduce transparency, and promote professionalism in the real estate sector. Key aspects summarized are the mandatory registration of real estate projects with the Real Estate Regulatory Authority, the rights and responsibilities of project promoters and home buyers, and penalties for non-compliance with the act. Contact information is also provided for multiple locations of a real estate law firm.
The document summarizes initiatives supported by Prime Minister's Rural Development Fellows (PMRDFs) across different states in India. Some key initiatives include making villages open defecation free, improving agriculture practices, increasing institutional deliveries, improving education and skills training, empowering vulnerable groups like women and ensuring access to basic services. PMRDFs work with district administrations on program implementation, participatory planning, capacity building, monitoring and providing innovative solutions to development challenges in remote areas.
presentation based on Land Acquisition act and Land pooling in India. PPT is helpful for Urban Planning Students. discussed various land pooling models in India.
3.2 Maharashtra regional town planning actSachin PatiL
Development control rules,
Maharashtra Regional Town Planning Act,
Land acquisition act,
Village planning: Necessity and principles,
Rural developments- Growth
centre approach, Area Development approach, Integrated rural development
approach.
The National Urban Transport Policy was issued in 2006 by the Ministry of Urban Development to comprehensively improve urban transport services and infrastructure in India. The policy aims to ensure safe, affordable, quick, comfortable, and sustainable access for city residents to jobs, education, and other needs. It focuses on moving people rather than vehicles by providing sustainable mobility and accessibility for all citizens at reasonable cost and time. The policy involves making urban transport a priority in urban planning, allocating more road space to people over vehicles, improving public transport systems, and establishing institutional mechanisms for better coordination of transport planning and management.
Urban Planning & Development Act, 1973Aman Kudesia
This document summarizes the Uttar Pradesh Urban Planning & Development Act of 1973. It discusses the powers granted to planning authorities to carry out surveys, prepare master plans and zonal development plans, acquire and dispose of land, and implement approved plans. It also outlines provisions for master plans regarding land use zoning and development guidelines, and provisions for zonal plans regarding land use, population density, and development regulations.
THE REAL ESTATE (REGULATION AND DEVELOPMENT) ACT, 2016Narmdeshwar Singh
This is a presentation on the new Real Estate Act, 2016 which after a long 9 years came into force. It is considered to be consumer concentric Act enabling the consumers to enforce their rights smoothly under the law.
Planning Legislation in India (Town Planning)S.P. Sharma
The document discusses various town planning legislation in India, highlighting their importance and key aspects. It covers:
1) The Sanitary Commission of 1864 which was formed to oversee sanitation and public health in cities and address issues like epidemics.
2) The Bombay Improvement Act of 1898 which established improvement trusts to undertake slum removal and sanitation works.
3) The Bombay Town Planning Act of 1915 which was India's first town planning law conferring powers on local authorities to control future growth and prevent slums.
4) The Model Town and Country Planning Act of 1960 which provided a framework for state legislation on planning authorities, master plans, and land use regulation.
The document discusses planned unit developments (PUDs). It provides background on the evolution of PUDs in the 1960s-1970s as a way to comprehensively plan large parcels of land rather than individual lots. PUDs aim to mix uses and create more interesting developments than traditional zoning allows. The document defines PUDs and outlines their objectives, classification, design principles, steps for development, and advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional zoning. Case studies are also mentioned.
The document summarizes key aspects of land acquisition laws in India - the Land Acquisition Act of 1894 and its replacement, the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (LARR Act). It notes that the 1894 Act allowed arbitrary land acquisition without proper compensation or rehabilitation. The 2013 LARR Act established stricter social and environmental safeguards for land acquisition and resettlement of affected families, but was amended in 2014 via an ordinance exempting certain projects. This sparked protests against the dilution of land rights.
This document provides an overview of an upcoming webinar on decoding the Unified Development Control and Promotion Regulations (UDCPR). It includes an index of chapters that will be covered, with the name of the presenter for each chapter. The chapters include administration, development permission processes, land use classification, general land development requirements, building requirements, parking requirements, and special provisions. Definitions that will be important for understanding the content are also provided. The webinar aims to explain the provisions and requirements of the new UDCPR.
Maharashtra regional town planning act (1966)Pratham Pincha
Study of Maharashtra Regional Town Planning Act 1966 as a part of Urban Development Planning Studio 2014, Masters in Planning, CEPT University, Ahmedabad
This document summarizes presentations from a national workshop on local accessibility planning in Indian cities. It discusses:
1) The need for area-level planning to address infrastructure deficits and ensure citizen participation as mandated by law;
2) International examples of accessibility planning from the UK, US, and Netherlands that measure access to services and target at-risk groups;
3) Indian examples from Bangalore, Pune, Delhi that involve citizen participation in local budgeting, infrastructure surveys, and area planning.
Land Acquisition Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013Gopal Agarwal
The document discusses India's Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act of 2013 and proposed amendments. It provides background on the original 1894 land acquisition law and need for reform. Key points of LARR 2013 included exemptions from consent requirements, levels of consent needed for public-private partnerships and private projects, and compensation rules. Proposed amendments in 2014 and 2015 aimed to address implementation issues with social impact assessments and consent clauses slowing projects. The document outlines debate around the proposals and suggests the party effectively communicate the need for farmers' alternative livelihoods through infrastructure development.
Town planning schemes are prepared under the Maharashtra Regional and Town Planning Act of 1966 to implement development plans covering areas under planning authorities. The schemes involve land pooling and reconstitution to provide infrastructure and redistribute plots. Objectives include pooling land, reconfiguring plots, and providing social and physical infrastructure while recovering costs. Historically, the first town planning legislation was the 1915 Bombay Town Planning Act, which was replaced in 1954 to introduce development plans as the main planning instrument. Town planning schemes are intended to implement development plan proposals through a joint process between local authorities and landowners to pool, redistribute land, and share development costs.
REGIONAL PLAN: A CASE OF MUMBAI METROPOLITAN REGIONYash Shah
Regional planning deals with the efficient placement of land-use activities, infrastructure, and settlement growth across a larger area of land than an individual city or town. Regional planning is a sub-field of urban planning as it relates land use practices on a broader scale. It also includes formulating laws that will guide the efficient planning and management of such said regions.
Regions require various land uses; protection of farmland, cities, industrial space, transportation hubs and infrastructure, military bases, and wilderness. Regional planning is the science of efficient placement of infrastructure and zoning for the sustainable growth of a region. Advocates for regional planning such as new urbanist Peter Calthorpe, promote the approach because it can address region-wide environmental, social, and economic issues which may necessarily require a regional focus.
A ‘region’ in planning terms can be administrative or at least partially functional, and is likely to include a network of settlements and character areas. In most European countries, regional and national plans are ‘spatial’ directing certain levels of development to specific cities and towns in order to support and manage the region depending on specific needs, for example supporting or resisting polycentrism.
The Mumbai Metropolitan Planning Committee (MMPC) was formed under the provisions of the Maharashtra Metropolitan Planning Committee Act 1999 and has been entrusted with the task of preparing a Regional Plan for the Mumbai Metropolitan Area with help from MMRDA. Currently, the Regional Plan 1996 is in operation which was prepared by the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA) and sanctioned in 1999. The MMRDA was established under the MMRDA Act, 1974 and undertook the revision of the First regional plan prepared by the Regional Planning Board and sanctioned in 1973, under the provisions of the MR& TP Act, 1966.
The document summarizes the key aspects of the Maharashtra Rent Control Act of 1999. It defines important terms like tenant, landlord, and rent. It explains that the Act was introduced to unify existing rental laws under a single Act that applies statewide. Some important provisions are that rent can increase 4% annually and landlords must keep premises in good repair. The Act aims to balance protecting tenants from eviction while also ensuring landlords receive a fair return.
The document outlines a proposed national urban transport policy for India. The key objectives of the policy are to encourage integrated land use and transport planning, greater use of public transport and non-motorized modes, introduce intelligent transport systems, address road safety, reduce pollution, and raise finances through innovative mechanisms. The policy proposes various initiatives to achieve these objectives, including providing central government funding for public transport projects, prioritizing infrastructure for non-motorized transport, establishing unified metropolitan transport authorities, and conducting pilot projects and awareness campaigns.
Development control rules,
Maharashtra Regional Town Planning Act,
Land acquisition act,
Village planning: Necessity and principles,
Rural developments- Growth
centre approach, Area Development approach, Integrated rural development
approach.
The document summarizes key aspects of land acquisition laws and policies in India. It discusses the Land Acquisition Act of 1894, which allowed the government to acquire private land for public purposes with limited compensation. It then outlines the provisions of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (LARR), which established social impact assessments, consent requirements and increased compensation rates. Finally, it notes that the Modi government proposed amendments through an ordinance in 2015 to simplify the land acquisition process under LARR, but the ordinance lapsed due to protests claiming it was anti-farmer.
This document provides an overview of the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 in India. It includes the objectives of the act to protect home buyers, introduce transparency, and promote professionalism in the real estate sector. Key aspects summarized are the mandatory registration of real estate projects with the Real Estate Regulatory Authority, the rights and responsibilities of project promoters and home buyers, and penalties for non-compliance with the act. Contact information is also provided for multiple locations of a real estate law firm.
The document summarizes initiatives supported by Prime Minister's Rural Development Fellows (PMRDFs) across different states in India. Some key initiatives include making villages open defecation free, improving agriculture practices, increasing institutional deliveries, improving education and skills training, empowering vulnerable groups like women and ensuring access to basic services. PMRDFs work with district administrations on program implementation, participatory planning, capacity building, monitoring and providing innovative solutions to development challenges in remote areas.
Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojna (DDU-GKY)Tarun Dehare
The Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojna (DDU-GKY) is a skill development and job placement scheme for rural youth. It aims to provide skills training and jobs to rural poor youth to address global skill needs. The program originated from an employment-linked skills component of the Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana, and was renamed Aajeevika Skills under the National Rural Livelihood Mission. It was further revamped in 2014 as the Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Koushalya Yojana to refocus the rural youth skilling program on building skills to meet global demands.
India’s urban population is currently around 30% of its total population. Experience across the world has been that as economies grow, rapid urbanization takes this proportion to over 60% before it begins to stabilize. As such, it is projected that India’s urban population would grow to about 473 million in 2021 and 820 million by 2051, as against only 285 million in 2001. Hence, cities must not only meet the mobility needs of the current population but also provide for the needs of those yet to join the urban population.
This document lists the major real estate laws applicable in Maharashtra, India. It covers transactional laws like the Indian Contract Act and Transfer of Property Act, land laws, registration and stamp duty laws, town planning laws, regulatory laws, laws around apartments and flats, tax laws, contract enforcement laws, labor laws, housing body laws, consumer laws, penal laws, and personal laws. The document provides contact information for a legal services firm that can provide assistance with real estate and property matters in Maharashtra.
NREGA: THE SCHEME AND ITS CURRENT STATUSshivraj negi
The document summarizes the key aspects of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act of 2005. It provides the following key points:
1) The act guarantees at least 100 days of employment per year to adult members of rural households willing to do unskilled manual labor at minimum wage.
2) Employment must be provided within 15 days of application, otherwise unemployment allowance is paid.
3) Works such as water conservation, irrigation, rural roads are to be undertaken.
4) Implementation is through gram panchayats with oversight from program officers, and transparency and social audits are emphasized.
The document summarizes the Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY), a self-employment program launched by the Government of India. The key points are:
1) SGSY aims to bring families living below the poverty line above it by providing income-generating assets through bank credit and government subsidies.
2) It focuses on a group approach and forming self-help groups, as well as identifying clusters of economic activities.
3) Implementation involves organizing the rural poor into self-help groups, providing training and assets, and linking groups to credit and marketing support.
The document provides an overview of the Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY), a self-employment program in India. Key points include:
1) SGSY was established in 1999 by combining several existing rural employment programs. Its goals are to reduce poverty and generate self-employment opportunities through micro-enterprises.
2) The program focuses on organizing the rural poor into self-help groups (SHGs) which receive training and funding to start small businesses. Infrastructure development and identifying key local industries are also priorities.
3) SHGs go through stages of formation, stabilization, obtaining microcredit, and developing micro-enterprises. They are expected to help empower women and
The document provides background on the Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY), India's largest poverty alleviation credit scheme. SGSY aims to promote self-employment among the poor through forming self-help groups and providing credit, training, and support services. The study examines how SGSY has been implemented in West Bengal, with the objectives of assessing its effectiveness in empowering women and identifying aspects of the scheme's design that need revision. The methodology involved reviewing government guidelines, discussing implementation with state officials, and conducting fieldwork in 3 districts to interview beneficiaries and stakeholders.
The document outlines the vision and goals of the PURA (Provision of Urban Amenities in Rural Areas) scheme, which aims to provide rural infrastructure and livelihood opportunities through public-private partnerships. Some key points:
1) PURA seeks to transform rural areas by providing physical, electronic, and knowledge connectivity to empower rural communities and accelerate development.
2) A pilot phase from 2004-2007 tested the model in 7 states but lacked private sector participation and economic activities.
3) The restructured scheme launched in 2010 focuses on livelihood creation and infrastructure development together through PPPs.
4) PURA villages aim to provide urban-level services including water, sanitation, skills training
The document summarizes the Provision of Urban Amenities in Rural Areas (PURA) scheme in India. The key points are:
1) PURA aims to bridge the rural-urban divide by providing infrastructure like roads, electricity, education and healthcare through public-private partnerships.
2) Under the restructured PURA scheme, private partners will invest in and maintain rural infrastructure for 10 years in return for capital grants from the government of up to 35% of project costs.
3) Eight pilot projects have been approved across several states in India to test the PPP model, with the goal of eventually expanding the scheme nationwide.
The document summarizes the Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY), the Indian government's rural housing program. IAY was launched in 1985 to provide shelter to rural families below the poverty line. It aims to fulfill the basic need of housing for the rural poor. The program allots each eligible family a financial grant of Rs. 45,000-75,000 for new home construction depending on the region. Priority is given to scheduled castes/tribes, widows, bonded laborers, and families affected by natural disasters. While IAY has helped construct millions of homes, the number of new homes has declined in recent years despite increased funding targets.
The document discusses the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) in India. It outlines the key objectives of NREGA which are to provide at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment per year, supplement employment opportunities, and regenerate the rural livelihood natural resource base. It describes the salient features of NREGA including employment for all willing workers, unlimited funding, registration within 15 days of application, minimum wages, and timely wage payments. It also discusses transparency and accountability measures, stakeholder roles, expenditure components, and challenges in implementation across some states.
NRLM Key Policy and Programmatic Pointers 100610jiteshindia
The document summarizes the key components and strategies of the National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) in India, which aims to reduce poverty among rural households through self-employment opportunities. It identifies several gaps in the previous Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) program, such as an uneven focus on group-based micro-enterprises rather than individual enterprises or existing businesses. The document provides feedback on improving the NRLM by making it more demand-driven, focusing on individual livelihoods, strengthening business support services, and improving monitoring and evaluation at local levels.
The Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) provides grants to construct houses for rural poor below the poverty line, including Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes, freed bonded laborers, and non-SC/ST rural poor. The target group includes people below the poverty line in rural areas from SC/ST communities, freed bonded laborers, non-SC/ST (up to 40% of allocation), ex-servicemen and families of defense/paramilitary personnel killed in action. District Rural Development Agencies identify beneficiaries at the Panchayat level based on allocations. Gram Sabhas select beneficiaries according to IAY guidelines and priorities. Beneficiaries construct the houses themselves with technical support from departments. Contractors
The document discusses unemployment in rural areas of India. It defines unemployment and describes the different types, including open unemployment during seasonal periods for farmers, concealed or disguised unemployment where more workers are employed than necessary, and educated rural unemployment where more people are educated than there are jobs. The main causes of rural unemployment are rapid population growth, small landholdings, seasonal agriculture, and lack of alternative employment opportunities. Some solutions proposed include improving agriculture through irrigation, crop rotation, and use of machinery; developing small industries; public works programs; and controlling population growth.
Provision of Urban Amenities in Rural Areas(PURA)whatislokpal
The document discusses the PURA (Provision of Urban Amenities in Rural Areas) scheme in India as a template for public-private partnership (PPP) models for sustainable and inclusive rural development. It lays out the vision and strategy of PURA, which aims to provide urban amenities like infrastructure, services, and livelihood opportunities through PPPs between gram panchayats and private developers. The document outlines the PURA business model, selection process, and implementation framework to catalyze wealth creation for rural communities through connecting villages physically, financially, and digitally to markets.
The document is a draft development plan for Ahmedabad, India from 2021-2031. It includes the following key points:
1. The population of Ahmedabad is projected to increase from 7.93 million in 2021 to 9.69 million in 2031, requiring an additional 184 sq km and 353.6 sq km of land respectively.
2. There are opportunities to increase density and develop vacant land within the existing planned area through measures like increasing Floor Space Index along transit corridors and in residential zones.
3. The plan proposes developing a regional transport network of roads and freight corridors to better connect Ahmedabad to surrounding cities and reduce traffic within the city. A logistic park is also proposed.
4
The document provides an overview of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA) in India. It discusses:
- The history and rollout of MNREGA across districts in India between 2006-2008.
- The objectives of MNREGA including expanding earning opportunities, strengthening natural resource management, and deepening rural democracy.
- Key features of MNREGA including registration, job cards, application for work, wages, planning, and funding breakdown between central and state governments.
- Statistics on MNREGA implementation and outcomes between 2014-2015 including funds allocated, jobs provided, households reached, and percentage of payments within 15 days.
The document outlines Ahmedabad's development plan for 2021. It divides the city into zones and specifies the percentage of each zone that will be developed. It aims to develop affordable housing, optimize land use through compact planning, and prioritize sustainable and affordable development. The plan also focuses on developing infrastructure like roads, public transportation, green spaces, water and waste management, and heritage preservation to support the city's growth.
Draft #2 FATA Local Government Regulation (August 2012, FATA Secretariat)fatanews
See small font version (25 pages) also with the full text of the regulation at: http://www.slideshare.net/fatanews/fata-local-government-regulation-august-2012-fata-secretariat-14892405
This document outlines the key chapters and content of the Maharashtra Municipal Act of 1965. It discusses the preliminary aspects in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 covers the municipal council structure and population thresholds for number of councilors. Other chapters address important municipal functions and responsibilities such as municipal funds and taxation, drains and drainage, water supply, and various regulatory areas like buildings, markets, transportation, and vital statistics. The document provides an overview of the various sections and powers granted to municipal authorities under this important Act governing local self-governance in Maharashtra.
This document is the Income Tax Ordinance of 1984 from Bangladesh. It begins with definitions of key terms used in the ordinance. It defines terms like agricultural income, amalgamation, annual value, assessee, assessment, capital asset and dividend. It provides definitions for terms related to the structure of the tax authority such as Commissioner, Deputy Commissioner of Taxes, and Director General of Inspection. It also defines common business terms like company, director and employee. The ordinance aims to consolidate and amend the existing laws relating to income tax in Bangladesh.
Draft #1 FATA Local Government Regulation (July 2012, FATA Secretariat)fatanews
See the updated version published by the FATA Secretariat in August 2012 at: http://www.slideshare.net/fatanews/fata-local-government-regulation-august-2012-fata-secretariat
A new draft regulation published in July 2012 by the FATA Secretariat, which is receiving comments on the regulation with the intention to begin implementation soon. As of October 2012, implementation had not been initiated.
The Competition Act 2002 established a Competition Commission of India to prevent anti-competitive practices. Some key points:
- It prohibits anti-competitive agreements, abuse of dominant position, and regulates combinations (mergers and acquisitions).
- Anti-competitive agreements include price fixing, limiting production/markets, bid rigging, and certain vertical restraints.
- Abuse of dominant position includes imposing unfair purchase/sale conditions, limiting production and markets, denial of market access, and leveraging dominance across markets.
- Combinations require notification if certain asset/turnover thresholds are triggered.
This document is an ordinance from 1961 establishing the Khulna Development Authority in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) to oversee development projects in the town of Khulna and surrounding areas. It outlines the establishment of the Authority as a governing body and defines its powers and responsibilities, which include preparing a Master Plan for development, acquiring land, demolishing or constructing buildings, and rehousing displaced persons. It also covers the Authority's membership, procedures for conducting business, and contracting and financial matters.
The document establishes the Sindh Solid Waste Management Board to oversee solid waste collection and disposal in Sindh province. Key points:
1) The Board is established under the Sindh Solid Waste Management Board Act of 2014 as a corporate body to manage solid waste in Sindh.
2) The Board will be composed of government secretaries, local government officials, and private sector representatives. It will be headed by the Chief Minister or their nominee.
3) The powers and functions of the Board include recommending waste collection fees and regulations, managing facilities, and implementing waste disposal schemes.
4) The Managing Director will be the chief executive of the Board and oversee its
This document summarizes key parts of the Banking Regulation Act of 1949 in India.
The Act establishes regulations for banking companies in India. It defines terms like "banking", "banking company", and sets rules for what kinds of business banking companies can engage in, including accepting deposits and making loans.
It also prohibits banking companies from using words like "bank" in their names unless they are actually conducting banking business. Companies other than banking companies cannot use words like "banker" or "banking" in their names or businesses.
The Act also prohibits banking companies from trading goods, with some exceptions. It requires banking companies to dispose of any non-banking real estate assets within 7 years
This document summarizes key parts of the Banking Regulation Act of 1949 in India.
The Act establishes regulations for banking companies in India. It defines terms like "banking", "banking company", and sets rules for what kind of business banking companies can engage in, including accepting deposits and making loans.
It also prohibits banking companies from using words like "bank" in their names unless they are actually conducting banking. Companies other than banking companies cannot use words like "banker" or "banking" in their names or businesses.
The Act also restricts banking companies from trading goods, with some exceptions. It requires banking companies to dispose of any non-banking assets like land within 7 years
This document summarizes key parts of the Banking Regulation Act of 1949 in India.
It begins by outlining the short title, extent, and commencement of the act. It then specifies that the act's provisions are in addition to other existing laws.
The act applies to cooperative societies in certain cases and gives the central government power to suspend parts of the act for up to one year in cases of emergency or if deemed expedient.
It provides definitions for important terms like "banking", "banking company", and reserves the use of certain words like "bank" for banking companies only. It also specifies the allowed forms of business for banking companies and prohibits trading and holding non-banking assets
The Punjab Zakat and Ushr Act 2018 establishes provisions for the assessment, collection, and disbursement of Zakat and Ushr in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Key aspects include setting up the Punjab Zakat and Ushr Council to oversee administration, establishing Zakat and Ushr funds, and constituting district and local committees to administer collection and disbursement at regional levels. The Act also covers definitions of terms, requirements for individuals to declare non-payment of Zakat or Ushr, and provisions for accounts, audits, and rules to implement and enforce the Act.
This document is the Competition Act of 2002 from India. It establishes the Competition Commission of India to prevent anticompetitive practices, promote competition, protect consumer interests and ensure freedom of trade. Some key points:
- It prohibits anticompetitive agreements between enterprises or people that have adverse effects on competition. This includes cartels that limit production or fix prices.
- It regulates the combination of enterprises to ensure transactions do not infringe on market competition.
- The Commission is tasked with investigating and adjudicating anti-competitive agreements and abuse of dominant positions, as well as reviewing mergers and acquisitions.
- The Act aims to balance economic development with competition by promoting an
This document is the Competition Act of 2002 from India, as amended in 2007. It establishes key definitions and provisions around competition law in India.
The key points are:
1) It establishes the Competition Commission of India to prevent anti-competitive practices, promote competition, protect consumer interests and ensure freedom of trade.
2) It prohibits anti-competitive agreements between enterprises or people that cause adverse effects on competition. This includes practices like price-fixing, limiting production or markets, bid-rigging and some exclusive dealing agreements.
3) It prohibits the abuse of a dominant position in the market, such as unfair pricing or imposing unfair purchase/sale conditions, restricting production or technical development, denying market
This document is the Banking Regulation Act of 1949 which establishes the regulatory framework for banking in India. Some key points:
- It gives the Central Government and Reserve Bank of India oversight over banking operations.
- It defines terms related to banking such as "banking company", "demand liabilities", "time liabilities", and establishes the regulatory powers and authorities.
- It allows the Central Government and RBI to suspend parts of the Act during emergencies or if deemed necessary for financial stability.
This document is the Banking Regulation Act of 1949 which establishes the regulatory framework for banking in India. Some key points:
- It gives the Central Government and Reserve Bank of India powers to regulate banking companies and make banking policies.
- It defines important terms related to banking such as "banking", "banking company", "demand liabilities", "time liabilities" and more.
- It establishes that the provisions of this Act are in addition to other existing laws and shall override any agreements or resolutions passed by banking companies.
- It provides the Central Government power to temporarily suspend parts of the Act during emergencies for up to one year.
This document contains rules related to the Haryana Value Added Tax Act of 2003. Some key points:
1. It outlines the administrative structure for tax collection, dividing the state into ranges and districts headed by various tax officers.
2. It defines terms used in the Act like "dealer", "appropriate assessing authority", and "tax period".
3. It provides rules regarding dealer registration under the Act, including procedures for existing dealers and those with pending applications from the previous Act. Dealers have 30 days to re-register with late fees applying after.
The document is an amendment bill to further amend the Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act of 1988 in India. Some key points:
- It proposes to substitute new definitions for terms like "benami property", "benami transaction", and establishes new authorities like the Adjudicating Authority and Appellate Tribunal.
- It prohibits benami transactions initiated after the date of commencement of this amendment act and introduces penal provisions.
- It also substitutes sections regarding confiscation of benami property and prohibits re-transfer of such property.
- New chapters are inserted establishing the Adjudicating Authority, its composition, powers, and terms of office of members.
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Local Government Act (May 2012)fatanews
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The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
1. The document outlines the establishment and roles of State Election Commissions in India per the Constitution. It notes the State Election Commission was established in Maharashtra in 1993.
2. Details are provided on the laws governing elections for different local bodies in Maharashtra, including municipal corporations, councils, and village panchayats.
3. An overview is given of the 73rd and 74th Amendments to the Constitution relating to the establishment of panchayats and municipalities, and reservations for scheduled castes, tribes, and women.
The document outlines provisions related to elections for the Nagpur City Corporation in Maharashtra, India. It establishes the Corporation as a body corporate and outlines its composition of directly elected councillors and nominated councillors. It also describes how seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, other backward classes and women. Finally, it grants powers to the State Election Commissioner to supervise elections and issue directions to prevent impersonation.
This document is the preamble to the Constitution of India. It establishes that the people of India have resolved to constitute India into a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic in order to secure justice, liberty, equality and dignity for all citizens. It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on November 26, 1949.
Communicating effectively and consistently with students can help them feel at ease during their learning experience and provide the instructor with a communication trail to track the course's progress. This workshop will take you through constructing an engaging course container to facilitate effective communication.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
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BPMC Act,1949
1. THE BOMBAY PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS ACT,
1949
CONTENTS
Preamble
Sections
CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY
1. Short title, extent and commencement
2. Definitions
3. Specifications of larger urban areas and constitution of corporations
3A. Deleted
CHAPTER II
PRELIMINARY
4. Municipal Authorities charged with execution of the Act
5. Constitution of Corporation
5A. Reservation of seats
5B. Person contesting election for reserved seat to submit Caste
Certificate and Validity Certificate
6A. Term of Office of Councillors
6B. Election to constitute a Corporation
7. Resignation of office by Councillor
7A1. Deleted
Municipal Election Roll
7A. Preparation of Municipal election roll
7AA. Deleted
7AAA. Deleted
7B. Enrolment in municipal election roll
Qualifications and disqualifications of voters and Councillors
8. Persons qualified to vote
9. Qualification for Election as Councillor
10. Disqualification for being a Councillor
2. 2
11. Disabilities from continuing as Councillor
12. Questions as to disqualification to be determined by the Judge
13. Liability of Councillors to removal
Election of Councillors
14. State Election Commission
14A. Power of State Election Commissioner to issue directions to prevent
impersonation
15. Casual vacancies how to be filled
16. Election petitions
17. Deleted
18. Procedure if election fails or is set aside
19. Mayor and Deputy Mayor
CHAPTER IX
THE MUNICIPAL FUND AND OTHER FUNDS
The Municipal Fund
88. Purpose for which Municipal Fund is to be applied
3. 3
CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY
1. Short title, extent and commencement : (1) This Act may be called the
Bombay Provincial Municipal Corporations Act, 1949.
(2) It extends to the areas of Municipal Corporations constituted or
deemed to be constituted under the Act.
2. Definitions : In this Act, unless there be something repugnant in the
subject or context,
(1) "Appendix" means an Appendix to this Act.
(2A) "approved co-operative bank" means such co-operative Bank
registered or deemed to be registered under the Bombay Co-operative
Societies Act, 1925, as may be approved by the State Government by
general or special order;
(2B) "Assembly Constituency" means a constituency provided by
law for the purpose of elections to the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly, or
any part thereof which is for the time being comprised in the City;
(2C) "Assembly roll" means the electoral roll prepared for any
Assembly constituency in accordance with the provisions of the
Representation of the People Act, 1950;
(3) "bakery or bake-house" means any place in which bread,
biscuits or confectionery are baked, cooked or prepared in any manner
whatsoever for the purposes of sale or profit;
(3A) "Backward Class of citizens" means such classes or parts of or
groups within such classes as are declared, from time to time, by the State
Government to be Other Backward Classes and Vimukta Jatis and Nomadic
Tribes;
(4) "budget grant" means the total sum entered on the expenditure
side of a budget estimate under a major head as prescribed by rules and
adopted by the Corporation, and includes any sum by which such budget
grant may be increased or reduced by a transfer from or to other heads in
accordance with the provisions of this Act and rules;
(5) "building" includes a house, out-house, stable, shed, but and
other enclosure or structure whether of masonry, bricks, wood, mud, metal
or any other material whatever, whether used as a human dwelling or
otherwise, and also includes verandahs, fixed platforms, plinths, doorsteps,
walls including compound walls and fencing and the like;
(5A) "business" includes,-
4. 4
(a) any trade, commerce, profession, consumption or manufacture
or any adventure or concern in the nature of trade, commerce, profession,
consumption or manufacture whether or not such trade, commerce,
profession, consumption, manufacture, adventure or concern is carried on
with a motive to make gain or profit and whether or not any gain or profit
accrues from such trade, commerce, profession, consumption, manufacture,
adventure or concern and whether or not there is any volume, frequency,
continuity or regularity in such trade, commerce, profession, consumption,
manufacture, adventure or concern;
(b) any transaction in connection with, or incidental or ancillary to,
such trade, commerce, profession, consumption, manufacture, adventure or
concern, whether or not such transaction is in respect of capital assets and
whether or not it is effected with motive to make gain or profit and whether
or not any gain or profit accrues from such transaction, and whether or not,
there is any volume, frequency, continuity or regularity in such transaction;
(c) any occasional transaction in the nature of such trade,
commerce, profession, consumption, manufacture, adventure or concern
involving import, purchase or sale of goods in the City, whether or not there
is any volume, frequency, continuity or regularity to such transaction and
whether or not such transaction is effected with a motive to make gain or
profit and whether or not any gain or profit accrues from such transaction;
(d) any transaction in connection with, or incidental or ancillary to,
the commencement or closure of such trade, commerce, profession,
consumption, manufacture, adventure or concern, whether or not such
transaction is effected with a motive to make gain or profit and whether or
not any gain or profit accrues from such transaction.
Explanation.- For the purposes of this clause, the activities of raising
of man-made fores4ts or rearing of seedlings or plants shall be deemed to be
a business;"
(6) "by-law" means a by-law made under section 458;
(6A) "cess" means a cess on the entry of goods into the limits of the
City for consumption, use or sale therein levied in accordance with the
provisions of Chapter XI-A, but does not include octroi as defined in clause
(42).
(7) "cesspool" includes a settlement tank or other tank for the
reception or disposal of foul matter from buildings;
(8) "City" means the larger urban area specified in a notification
issued in respect thereof under clause (2) of Article 243-Q of the
Constitution of India or under sub-section (2) of section 3 of the Act,
forming a City;
5. 5
(9) "the Commissioner" means the Municipal Commissioner for
the City appointed under section 36 and includes an acting Commissioner
appointed under section 39;
(10) "Corporation" means the Municipal Corporation constituted or
deemed to have been constituted for a larger urban area known as a City;
(11) "Councillor" means a person duly elected as a member of the
Corporation; and includes a nominated Councillor who shall not have the
right-
(i) to vote at any meeting of the Corporation and
Committees of the Corporations; and
(ii) to get elected as a Mayor of the Corporation or a
Chairperson of any of the Committees of the corporation.
(12) "cubical contents" when used with reference to the
measurement of a building means the space contained within the external
surfaces of its walls and roof and the upper surface of the floor of its lowest
storey or where the building consists of one storey only, the upper surface of
its floor;
(13) "dairy" includes any farm, cattle-shed, milk store, milk shop, or
other place from where milk is supplied for sale or in which milk is kept for
the purposes of sale or manufactured into butter, ghee, cheese, curds or dried
or condensed milk for sale and, in the case of a dairyman who does not
occupy any place for the sale of milk, includes the place where he keeps the
vessels used by him for the sale of milk but does not include a shop or other
place in which milk is sold for consumption on the premises only;
(14) “dairyman” includes the keeper of a cow, buffalo, goat, ass or
other animal, the milk of which is offered or intended to be offered for sale
for human consumption, and any purveyor of milk and any occupier of a
dairy;
(15) “dairy produce” includes milk, butter, ghee, curd, butter milk,
cream, cheese and every product of milk;
(16) “dangerous disease” means cholera, plague, smallpox or any
other epidemic or infectious disease by which the life of human beings is
endangered and which the Corporation may from time to time by public
notice declare to be a dangerous disease;
(16A) “dealer” means any person who whether for commission,
remuneration or otherwise imports, buys or sells any goods in the City for
the purpose of his business or in connection with or incidental to his
business, and includes,
6. 6
(a) a factor, broker, commission agent, del credere agent or any
other mercantile agent, by whatever name called, and whether
or not of the same description as hereinbefore specified who
buys, sells, supplies, distributes or imports any goods in the
City, belonging to any principal or principals whether disclosed
or not;
(b) an auctioneer, who sells or auctions goods in the City,
belonging to any principal whether disclosed or not and
whether the offer of the intending purchaser is accepted by him
or by the principal or a nominee of the principal;
(c) the Central Government or any State Government which
(whether or not while carrying on business) buys, sells,
supplies, distributes or imports goods directly or otherwise, for
commission, remuneration or otherwise;
(d) a society, club or other association of persons (whether
incorporated or not) which, whether while carrying on business
or not, imports, buys, sells, supplies or distributes goods
whether for or on behalf of its members or not, for cash or for
deferred payment or, for commission, remuneration or
otherwise.
Explanation.- For the purposes of this clause,-
(A) a manager or agent of a non-resident dealer residing in the City
who imports, buys, sells, supplies or distributes goods in the City or acts on
behalf of such dealer as-
(a) a mercantile agent as defined in the Sale of Goods Act, 1930, or
(b) an agent for handling of goods or documents of title relating to
goods, or
(c) an agent for the collection or the payment for the sale price of
goods shall be deemed to be a dealer or as a guarantor for such
collection or payment;
(B) each of the following persons and bodies who disposes of any
goods including goods as unclaimed or confiscated or an unserviceable or as
scrap, surplus, old, obsolete or discarded material or water products whether
by auction or otherwise directly or through an agent for cash, or for deferred
payment, or for any other valuable consideration, shall, notwithstanding
anything contained in clause (5A) of any other provisions of this Act, be
deemed to be a dealer, namely:-
(a) Port Trusts;
(b) Municipal Corporations, Municipal Councils, Zilla Parishads
and other local authorities;
7. 7
(c) Railway administration as defined under the Indian Railways
Act, 1890;
(d) Shipping, Transport and Construction Companies;
(e) Air Transport Companies and Airlines;
(f) Transporters, holding permit for transport vehicles granted
under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 which are used or adapted
to be used for hire or reward;
(g) Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation constituted
under the Road Transport Corporations Act, 1950;
(h) Customs Department of the Government of India administering
the Customs Act, 1962;
(i) Insurance and Financial Corporations or Companies, and
Banking Companies;
(j) Advertising agencies;
(k) any other Corporations, Company, Body or Authority owned or
set-up by, or subject to administrative control of, the Central
Government or any State Government.
Exception.- (i) Any individual who imports goods for his exclusive
consumption or use and a department of State or Central Government
not engaged in business shall not be a dealer;
(ii) An agriculturist who sells exclusively agricultural produce
grown on the land cultivated by him personally shall not be deemed to
be a dealer within the meaning of this clause.
(17) “drain” includes a sewer, tunnel, pipe, ditch, gutter or channel
and any cistern, flush-tank, septic tank or other device for carrying off or
treating sewage, offensive matter, polluted water, sullage, waster water, rain
water, or sub-soil water and any culvert, ventilation shaft or pipe or other
appliance or fitting connected therewith, and any ejectors, compressed air
mains, sealed sewage mains and special machinery or apparatus for raising,
collecting expelling or removing sewage or offensive matter from any place;
(18) “eating house” means any premises to which the public or any
sections of the public are admitted and where any kind of food is prepared or
supplied for consumption on the premises or elsewhere for the profit or gain
of any person owning or having an interest in or managing such premises;
(19) “essential services” means any services in which any Municipal
Officer, servant or other person is employed by or on behalf of the
Corporation and which are specified in the rules;
(20) “factory” means a factory as defined in the Factories Act, 1948;
(21) “filth” includes sewage, night soil and all offensive matter;
8. 8
(21A) “Finance Commission” means the Finance Commission
constituted in accordance with the provisions of Article 243-I of the
Constitution of India;
(22) “food” includes every article used for food or drink by man
other than drugs or water, and any article which ordinarily enters into or is
used in the composition or preparation of human food and also includes
confectionery, flavouring and colouring matters and speices and condiments;
(23) “form” means a form appended to the rules;
(24) “frame building” means a building the external walls of which
are constructed of timber framing or iron framing, and the stability of which
depends on such framing;
(25) “goods” includes animals;
(26) “house-drain” means any drain of, and used for the drainage of,
one or more buildings or premises and made merely for the purpose of
communicating there from with a municipal drain;
(27) “house gully” or “service passage” means a passage or strip of
land constructed, set apart or utilised for the purpose of serving as a drain or
of affording access to a privy, urinal, cesspool or other receptacle for filthy
or polluted matter, to municipal servants or to persons employed in the
cleansing thereof or in the removal of such matter therefrom;
(28) “hut” means any buildings which is constructed principally of
wood, mud, leaves, grass, cloth or thatch and includes any temporary
structure of whatever size or any small building of whatever material made
which the Corporation may declare to be a hut for the purposes of this Act;
(28A) “importer” means a person who brings or causes to be brought
any goods into the limits of the City from any place outside the area of the
City for use, consumption or sale therein;
(29) “the Judge” means in the City of Pune the Judge of the Court of
Small Causes, and in any other City the Civil Judge (Senior Division)
having jurisdiction in the City;
(30) “land” includes land which is being built upon or is built upon
or covered with water, benefits to arise out of land, things attached to the
earth or permanently fastened to anything attached to the earth and rights
created by legislative enactment over any street;
(30A) “larger urban area” means an area specified as a larger urban
area in a notification issued under clause (2) of Article 243-Q of the
Constitution of India or under the Act;
(31) “licensed plumber” “licensed surveyor” “licensed architect”
“licensed engineer”, “licensed structural designer”, and “licensed clerk of
works”, respectively, means a person licensed by the Corporation as a
9. 9
plumber, surveyor, architect engineer, structural designer or a clerk of works
under this Act;
(32) “lodging house” means a building or a part of a building where
lodging with or without board or other service is provided for a monetary
consideration;
(33) “market” means any place where persons assemble for the sale
of, or for the purpose of exposing for sale, live-stock or food for live-stock
or meat, fish, fruit, vegetables, animals intended for human food or any other
articles of human food whatever with or without the consent of the owner of
such place, notwithstanding that there may be no common regulation of the
concourse of buyers and sellers and whether or not any control is exercised
over the business or the persons frequenting the market by the owner of the
place or any other person;
(34) “masonry building” means any building other than a frame
building or a hut and includes any structure, a substantial part of which is
made of masonry or of steel, iron or other metal;
(35) “municipal drain” means a drain vested in the Corporation;
(36) “municipal market” means a market vested in or managed by
the Corporation;
(37) “municipal slaughter house” means a slaughter house vested in
or managed by the Corporation;
(38) “municipal tax” means any impost levied under the provisions
of this Act;
(39) “municipal water-works” means water-works belonging to or
vesting in the Corporation;
(40) “nuisance” includes any act, omission, place or thing which
causes or is likely to cause injury, danger, annoyance or offence to the sense
of sight, smell or hearing or which is or may be dangerous to life or injuries
to health or property;
(41) “occupier” includes,-
(a) any person who for the time being is paying or is liable to pay
to the owner the rent or any portion of the rent of the land or
building in respect of which such rent is paid or is payable,
(b) an owner living in or otherwise using his land or building,
(c) a rent-free tenant,
(d) a licensee in occupation of any land or building, and
(e) any person who is liable to pay to the owner damages for the
use and occupation of any land or building;
10. 10
(42) “octroi” means a cess on the entry of goods into the limits of a
city for consumption, use or sale therein; but does not include a cess as
defined in clause (6A)
(43) “offensive matter” includes animal carasses, dung dirt and
putrid or putrifying substances other than sewage.
(44) “official year” means the year commencing on the first day of
April;
(45) “owner” means,-
(a) when used with reference to any premises, the person who
receives the rent of the said premises, or who would be entitled
to receive the rent thereof if the premises were let and includes,-
(i) an agent or trustee who receives such rent on account of
the owner
(ii) an agent or trustee who receives the rent of, or is
entrusted with or concerned for, any premises devoted to
religious or charitable purposes.
(iii) a Receiver, Sequestrator or Manager appointed by any
Court of competent jurisdiction to have the charge of, or
to exercise the rights of an owner of, the said premises;
and
(iv) mortgage-in-possession, and
(b) when used with reference to any animal, vehicle or boat
includes the person for the time being in charge of the animal,
vehicle or boat;
(46) “premises” includes messuages, buildings an lands of any
tenure whether open or enclosed, whether built on or not and
whether public or private;
(46A) “prescribed” means prescribed by rules
(47) “private street” means a street which is not an public street;
(48) “privy” means a place set apart for defecating or urinating or
both, together with the structure comprising such place, the
receptacle therein for human excreta and the fittings and
apparatus, if any, connected therewith, and includes a closet of
the dry type, an aqua privy, a latrine and a urinal;
(49) “property tax” means a tax on buildings and lands in the City;
(50) “public place” includes any public park or garden or any ground
to which the public have or are permitted to have access;
(51) “public securities” means,-
(a) securities of the Central Government or any State
Government,
11. 11
(b) securities, stocks, debentures or share the interest
whereon has been guaranteed by the Central or the State
Government,
(c) debentures or other securities for money issued by or on
behalf of any local authority in exercise of the powers
conferred by any enactment for the time being in force in
any part of the territory of India,
(d) securities expressly authorized by any order which the
State Government makes in this behalf;
(52) “public street” means any street,-
(a) heretofore levelled, paved, metalled, channelled, sewered
or repaired out of municipal or other public fund, or
(b) which under the provisions of section 224 is declared to
be, or under any other provision of this Act becomes, a
public street.
(53) “rack rent” means the amount of the annual rent for which the
premises with reference to which the term is used might reasonably be
expected to let from year to year as ascertained for the purpose of
fixing the rateable value of such premises.
(54) “rateable value” means the value of any building or land fixed
in accordance with the provisions of this Act and the rules for the purpose of
assessment to property taxes;
(54A) “registered dealer” means a dealer registered under section
152F;
(55) “regulation” means a regulation made under section 465;
(56)(a) a person is deemed to “reside” in any dwelling which, or some
portion of which he sometimes uses, whether interruptedly or
not as a sleeping apartment, and
(b) a person is not deemed to cease to “reside” in any such
dwelling merely because he is absent from it or has elsewhere another
dwelling in which he resides if there is the liberty of returning to it at any
time and no abandonment of the intention of returning to it;
(57) “rubbish” includes dust, ashes, broken bricks, mortar, broken
glass, garden or stable refuse of any kind which is not offensive matter or
sewage;
(58) “rules” include rules in the Schedule D and rules made under
sections 454 and 456;
(59) “Schedule” means Schedule appended to this Act.
(59A) “scheduled bank” means a bank included in the Second
Schedule to the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934;
12. 12
(59B) “Scheduled Castes” means such castes, races or parts of, or
groups within, such castes, races or tribes as are deemed to be the Scheduled
Castes in relation to the State of Maharashtra under Article 341 of the
Constitution of India;
(59C) “Scheduled Tribes” means such tribes or tribal communities or
parts of, of groups within, such tribe or tribes or tribal communities as are
deemed to be the Scheduled tribe in relation to the State of Maharashtra
under Article 342 of the Constitution of India;
(60) “sewage” means night-soil and other contents of water closets,
latrines, privies, urinals, cesspools or drains and polluted ware from sinks,
bathrooms, stables, cattle-sheds and other like places, and includes trade
effluent and discharges from manufacturers of all kinds;
(61) “special fund” means a fund constituted under section 91;
(62) “standing order” means an order made under section 466;
(62A) “State Election Commission” means the State Election
Commission consisting of the State Election Commissioner appointed in
accordance with the provisions of clause (1) of Article 243-K of the
Constitution of India;”
(63) “street” includes any highway, and any cause way, bridge,
viaduct, arch, road, lane, footway, sub-way, court, alleay or riding parth or
passage, whether a thoroughfare or not, over which the public have a right of
passage or access or have passed and had access uninterruptedly for a period
of twenty years, and, when there is a footway as well as a carriage way in
any street, the said term includes both;
(64) “sweetmeat shop” means any premises or part of any premises
used for the manufacture, treatment or storage for sale, or for the sale,
wholesale or retail of any icecream, confections or sweetmeats whatsoever,
for whomsoever intended, and by whatsoever name the same may be known,
and whether the same may be for consumption on or outside the premises;
(65) “theatre tax” means a tax on amusements or entertainments;
(66) “trade effluent” means any liquid either with or without
particles of matter in suspension therein, which is wholly or in part produced
in the course of any trade or industry carried on at trade premises, and in
relation to any trade premises, means any such liquid as aforesaid which is
so produced in the course of any trade or industry carried on at those
premises, but does not include domestic sewage;
(67) “trade premises” means any premises used or intended to be
used for carrying on any trade or industry;
(68) “trade refuse” means and includes the refuse of any trade,
manufacture or business;
13. 13
(69) “Transport Manager” means the Transport Manager of the
Transport Undertaking appointed under section 40 and includes an acting
Transport Manager appointed under section 41;
(70) “Transport Undertaking” means all undertakings acquired,
organized, constructed, maintained, extended, managed or conducted by the
Corporation for the purpose of providing mechanically propelled transport
facilities for the conveyance of the public and includes all movable and
immovable property and rights vested or vesting in the Corporation for the
purposes of every such undertaking;
(70A) “Turnover of purchases” means the aggregate of the amount of
purchase price paid and payable by a dealer or a person in respect of any
purchase of goods made by him during a given period, after deducting the
amount of purchase price, if any, refunded to the dealer or the person by the
seller in respect of any goods purchased from the seller and returned to him
within a period of six months;
(70B) “turnover of sales” means the aggregate of the amount of sale
price received and receivable by a dealer or a person in respect of any sale of
goods made during a given period after deducting the amount of sale price,
if any refunded by him to a purchaser, in respect of any goods purchased any
returned by the purchaser to him within a period a six months and where the
registration certificate is cancelled the amount, in respect of sales made
before the date on which the cancellation became effective, received or
receivable after such date;
(71) “vehicle” includes a carriage, a cart, van, dray, truck, hand-cart,
bicycle, tricycle, motor car, and every wheeled conveyance which is used or
is capable of being used on a street;
(71A) “Wards Committee” means a Wards Committee constituted
under section 29A of this Act.
(72) “water-closet” means a closet which has a separate fixed
receptacle connected to a drainage system and separate provision for
flushing from a supply of clean water either by the operation of mechanism
by automatic action;
(73) “water-connection” includes –
(a) any tank, cistern, hydrant, stand-pipe, meter or tap situated on a
private property and connected with water-main or pipe
belonging to the Corporation; and
(b) the water-pipe connecting such tank, cistern, hydrant, stand-
pipe, meter or tap with such water – main or pipe.
(74) “water-course” includes any river, stream, or channel whether
natural or artificial;
14. 14
(75) “water for domestic purposes” shall not include water for cattle,
or for horses, or for washing vehicles, when the cattle, horses or vehicles are
kept for sale or hire, or by a common carrier, and shall not include water for
any trade, manufacture or business, or for building purposes, or for watering
gardens, or for fountains or for any ornamental or mechanical purposes;
(76) ‘water-work” includes a lake, stream, spring, well, pump,
reservoir, cistern, tank, duct, whether covered or open, sluice, mainpipe,
culvert, engine, water-truck, hydrant, stand-pipe, conduit, and machinery,
land, building or thing for supplying or used for supplying water or for
protecting sources of water supply.
3. Specification of larger urban areas and constitution of
Corporation. (1) The Corporation for every City constituted under this Act
existing on the date of coming into force of the Maharashtra Municipal
Corporations and Municipal Councils (Amendment) Act, 1994, specified as
a larger urban area in the notification issued in respect thereof under clause
(2) of Article 243-Q of the Constitution of India, shall be deemed to be duly
constituted Municipal Corporation for the larger urban area so specified
forming a City, known by the name “The Municipal Corporation of the City
of .......”
(2) Save as provided in sub-section (1), the State Government may,
having regard to the factors mentioned in clause (2) of Article 243-Q of the
Constitution of India, specify by notification in the Official Gazette, and
urban area with a population of not less than three lakhs as a larger urban
area.
(3)(a) subject to the provisions of sub-section (2), the State
Government may also from time to time after consultation with the
Corporation by notification in the Official Gazette, alter the limits specified
for any larger urban area under sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) so as to
include therein, or to exclude therefrom, such area as is specified in the
notification.
(b) Where any area is included within the limits of the larger urban
area under clause (a) any appointment, notifications, notices, taxes, orders,
schemes, licences, permissions, rules, by-laws or forms made, issued,
imposed or granted under this Act or any other law, which are for the time
being in force in the larger urban area, shall, notwithstanding anything
contained in any other law for the time being in force but save as otherwise
provided in section 129A or any other provision of this Act, apply to and be
in force in the additional area also from the date that area is included in the
larger urban area.
15. 15
(4) The power to issue a notification under this section shall be
subject to the condition of previous publication.
CHAPTER II
CONSTITUTION
Municipal Authorities
4. Municipal Authorities charged with execution of the Act : (1) The
Municipal Authorities charged with carrying out the provisions of this Act
are for each City --
(A) a Corporation;
(B) a Standing Committees; and
(C) a Municipal Commissioner;
and, in the event of the Corporation establishing or acquiring a Transport
Undertaking,
(D) a Transport Committee;
(E) a Transport Manager.
(2) The duties imposed on the Corporation in respect of primary
education shall be performed in accordance with the provisions of the
Bombay Primary Education Act, 1947, and for the purposes of the said Act
the Corporation shall be deemed to be an authorised municipality within the
meaning of the said Act with power to control all approved schools within
the City, and to appoint an Administrative Officer.
5. Constitution of Corporation : (1) Every Corporation shall, by the
name of “The Municipal Corporation of the City of ......,” be a body
corporate and have perpetual succession and a common seal and by such
name may sue and be sued.
(2) Each Corporation shall consist of, -
(a) such number of Councillors, elected directly at ward elections,
as is specified in the table below:-
TABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Population Number of Councillors
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(i) Above 3 lakhs and upto 6 lakhs The minimum number of elected Councillors
shall be 65.
For every additional population of 15,000 above
16. 16
3 lakhs, one additional Councillor shall be provided,
so however that the maximum number of elected
Councillors shall not exceed 85.
(ii) Above 6 lakhs and The minimum number of elected Councillors
upto 12 lakhs shall be 85.
For every additional population of 20,000 above
6 lakhs. one additional Councillor shall be provided,
so however that the maximum number of elected
councillors shall not exceed 115.
(iii) Above 12 lakhs and The minimum number of elected Councillors shall
upto 24 lakhs. be 115.
For every additional population of 40,000 above 12
lakhs, one additional Councillor shall be provided,
so however that the maximum number of elected
Councillors shall not exceed 145.
(iv) Above 24 lakhs The minimum number of Councillors shall be 145.
For every additional population of 1 lakh, one
additional Councillor shall be provided, so that, the
maximum number of elected Councillors shall be
221;
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(b) such number of nominated Councillors not exceeding five, having special
knowledge or experience in Municipal Administration, to be nominated by the
Corporation in such manner as may be prescribed;
(3) The State Election Commissioner shall, from time to time, by notification
in the Official Gazette, specify for each City the number and boundaries of the wards into
which such City shall be divided for the purpose of the ward election of Councillors, so
that, as far as practicable, all wards shall be compact areas and the number of persons in
each ward according to the latest census figures shall approximately be the same. Each
of the wards shall elect only one Councillor:
Provided that no notification issued under sub-section (3) whether before or after
the commencement of the Maharashtra Municipal Corporation, Municipal Councils,
Nagar Panchayats and Industrial Townships (Third Amendment) Act, 1995, shall have
effect except for the general election held next after the date thereof and for subsequent
elections.
Provided also that, before any notification is issued under sub-section (3), a draft
thereof shall be published in the Official Gazette, and in such other manner as in the
opinion of the State Election Commissioner is best calculated to bring the information to
the notice of all persons likely to be affected thereby, together, with a notice specifying
the date on or before which any objections or suggestions will be received, and the date
after which the draft will be taken into consideration.
Explanation II.- In this sub-section and sub-section (4), “Scheduled Tribes” means
such tribes or tribal communities or parts of, or groups within, such tribes or tribal
17. 17
communities as are deemed to be Scheduled Tribes in relation to the State of Maharashtra
under Article 342 of the Constitution of India.
5A. Reservation of seats.: (1)(a) In the seats to be filled in by election in
a Corporation, there shall be seats reserved for persons belonging to the
Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Backward Class of citizens and
women, as may be determined by the State Election Commissioner, in the
prescribed manner;
(b) the seats to be reserved for the persons belonging to the
Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes in a Corporation shall bear, as
nearly as may be, the same proportion to the total number of seats to be
filled in by direct election in the Corporation as the population of the
Scheduled Castes or, as the case may be, the Scheduled Tribes in that
Corporation area bears to the total population of that area and such seats
shall be allotted by rotation to different electoral wards in a Corporation :
Provided that one-third of the total number of seats so reserved shall
be reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes or, as the case
may be, the Scheduled Tribes :
Provided further that, where only one seat is reserved for the
Scheduled Castes, or as the case may be, the Scheduled Tribes then no seat
shall be reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes, or as the
case may be, the Scheduled Tribes and where only two seats are reserved for
the Scheduled Castes, or as the case may be, the Scheduled Tribes, one of
the two seats shall be reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled
Castes, or as the case may be, the Scheduled Tribes.
(c) the number of seats to be reserved for persons belonging to the
category of Backward Class of citizens shall be twenty-seven per cent of the
total number of seats to be filled in by election in a Corporation and such
seats shall be allotted by rotation to different electoral wards in a
Corporation :
Provided that, one-third of the total number of seats so reserved shall
be reserved for women belonging to the category of Backward Class of
citizens;
(d) one-third (including the number of seats reserved for women
belonging to the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and the category of
Backward Class of citizens) of the total number of seats to be filled in by
direct election in a Corporation shall be reserved for women and such seats
shall be allotted by rotation to different electoral wards in a Corporation.
(2) The reservation of seats, (other than the reservation for women)
under clause (b) of sub-section (1) shall cease to have effect on
18. 18
the expiration of the period specified in Article 334 of the
Constitution of India.
5B. Person contesting election for reserved seat to submit Caste
Certificate and Validity Certificate: Every person desirous of contesting
election to a seat reserved for the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, or, as
the case may be, Backward Class of Citizens, shall be required to submit,
along with the nomination paper, Caste Certificate issued by the Competent
Authority and the Validity Certificate issued by the Scrutiny Committee in
accordance with the provisions of the Maharashtra Scheduled Castes,
Scheduled Tribes, De-notified Tribes (Vimukta Jatis), Nomadic Tribes,
Other Backward Classes and Special Backward Category (Regulation of
Issuance and Verification of) Caste Certificate Act, 2000.
Provided that, a person who has applied to the Scrutiny Committee for
the verification of his Caste Certificate before the date of filing the
nomination paper but who has not received the validity certificate on the
date of filing of the nomination paper shall submit along with the
nomination paper,-
(i) a true copy of the application preferred by him to the Scrutiny
Committee for the verification of his Caste Certificate before
the date of filing the nomination paper but who has not received
the validity certificate on the date of filing of the nomination
paper shall submit, along with the nomination paper,-
(ii) an undertaking that he shall submit, within a period of four
months from the date of his election, the validity certificate
issued by the Scrutiny Committee;
Provided further that, if the person fails to produce the validity
certificate within a period of four months from the date of his
election, his election shall be deemed to have been terminated
retrospectively and he shall be disqualified for being a
Councillor.”.
6. Duration of Corporation : (1) Every Corporation, unless sooner
dissolved, shall continue for a period of five years from the date appointed
for its first meeting and no longer.
19. 19
(2) A Corporation constituted upon the dissolution of a Corporation
before the expiration of its duration, shall continue for the remainder of the
period for which the dissolved Corporation would have continued under sub-
section (1) had it not been so dissolved.
6A. Term of office of Councillors : The term of office of the Councillors
shall be co-terminus with the duration of the Corporation.
6B. Election to constitute a Corporation : An election to
constitute a Corporation shall be completed, -
(a) before the expiration of its duration specified in sub-section (1)
of section 6; or
(b) before the expiration of a period of six months from the date of
its dissolution:
Provided that where the remainder of the period for which the
dissolved Corporation would have continued is less than six months, it shall
not be necessary to hold any election under this section for constituting the
Corporation for such period.
7. Resignation of office by Councillor : Any Councillor may resign his
office at any time by notice in writing to the Commissioner and, on such
notice being given, his office shall become vacant as from the date of the
notice.
Municipal Election Roll
7A. Preparation of municipal election roll : The Assembly roll for the
time being in force, on such date as the State Election Commissioner may,
by general or special order notify, shall be divided by the State Election
Commissioner into different sections corresponding to the different wards in
the City; and a printed copy of each section of the roll so divided and
authenticated by the State Election Commissioner or an officer authorised by
him, shall be the ward roll for each ward.
7B. Enrolment in municipal election roll :- Every person whose name is
included in any ward roll shall be deemed to be enrolled in the municipal
election roll.
Qualifications and disqualifications of Voters and Councillors
20. 20
8. Persons qualified to vote : Every person whose name is in a ward
roll, shall be deemed to be entitled to vote at the ward election, and every
person whose name is not in the said roll shall be deemed to be not entitled
so to vote.
9. Qualification for election as Councillor : (1) Subject to the
provisions of this Act, a person who is not less than twenty-one years of age
on the last date fixed for making nominations for any general election or by-
election and is enrolled in the municipal election roll as a voter for a ward
shall be qualified to be a Councillor and to be elected either from such ward
or from any other ward.
(2) Any person who ceases to be a Councillor shall, if qualified
under sub-section (1), be eligible for re-election as such.
10. Disqualification for being a Councillor : (1) Subject to the
provisions of sections 13 and 404, a person shall be disqualified for being
elected and for being a Councillor, if such person --
(ai) has, at any time after the commencement of section 5 of the
Maharashtra Municipal Corporations (Amendment) Act, 1970, been
convicted of an offence punishable under section 153A or sub-section (2) or
(3) of section 505 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 :
Provided that, such disqualification shall be for a period of six years
from the date of such conviction;
(aii) has been so disqualified by or under any law;
(i) for the time being in force for the purpose of elections to the
Legislature of the State :
Provided that no person shall be disqualified on the ground that he is
less than twenty-five years of age, if he has attained the age of twenty-one
years;
(ii) made by the Legislature of the State of Maharashtra; or
(a) has been convicted by a Court in India of any offence involving
moral turpitude, unless a period of six years has elapsed since the
date of such conviction; or
Provided that, on the expiry of such sentence, the
disqualification incurred under this clause shall cease :
Provided further that the expiry of such sentence shall not
entitle the person to continue as a councillor or to stand for election
for election at any bye-election held during the remainder of the
current term of office of the councillors;
(b) is undischarged insolvent;
21. 21
(c) holds the office of Commissioner or any other office or place of
profit under the Corporation;
(d) is a licensed surveyor, architect or engineer, structural designer,
clerk of works or plumber or a member of a firm of which any
such licensed person is a member
(e) holds any judical office with jurisdiction within the limits of the
City;
(f) subject to the provisions of sub-section (2), has directly or
indirectly by himself or his partner any share or interest in any
contract or employment with, by or on behalf of the Corporation;
(g) having been elected a Councillor is retained or employed in any
professional capacity either personally or in the name of a firm in
which he is a partner or with whom he is engaged in a professional
capacity in connection with any cause or proceeding in which the
Corporation or the Commissioner or the Transport Manager is
interested or concerned; or
(h) fails to pay arrears of any kind due to the Corporation by him
otherwise than as a trustee, within three months after a special
notice in this behalf has been served on him by the Commissioner.
(i) has more than two children :
Provided that, a person having more than two children on
the date of commencement of the Maharashtra Municipal
Corporations and Municipal Councils, Nagar Panchayats and
Industrial Townships (Second Amendment) Act, 1995 (hereinafter
in this clause (referred to as "the date of which commencement"),
shall not be disqualified under this clause so long as the number of
children he had on the date of such commencement does not
increase :
Provided further that a child or more than one child born in
a single delivery within the period of one year from the date of
such commencement shall not be taken into consideration for the
purpose of disqualification mentioned in this clause.
Explanation : For the purposes of this clause, -
(i) where a couple has only one child on or after the date of such
commencement, any number of children born out of a single
subsequent delivery shall be deemed to be one entity;
(ii) "child" does not include an adopted child or children.
22. 22
(1A) A person shall be disqualified for being a Councillor, if such
person has, at any time during the term of his office, become disqualified
under the Maharashtra Local Authority Member's Disqualification Act, 1986
for being a Councillor.
(2) A person shall not be deemed to have incurred disqualification
under clause (f) of sub-section (1) by reason only of his, -
(a) receiving a municipal pension;
(aa) any relation being employed with, by or on behalf of the
Corporation, as an officer or servant thereof;
(b) having any share or interest in
(i) any lease, sale, exchange or purchase of land or any agreement
for the same;
(ii) any agreement for the loan of money or any security for the
payment of money only;
(iii) any newspaper in which any advertisement relating to the
affairs of the Corporation is inserted;
(iv) any Joint Stock Company or any society, registered or
deemed to be registered under the Bombay Cooperative
Societies Act, 1925, which shall contract with or be
employed by the Commissioner or the Transport Manager
on behalf of the Corporation;
(v) the occasional sale to the Commissioner or Transport
Manager on behalf of the Corporation of any article in
which he regularly trades to a value not exceeding in the
aggregate in any one official year two thousand rupees; or
(vi) the occasional letting out on hire to the Corporation or in the
hiring from the Corporation of any article for an amount not
exceeding in the aggregate in any one official year five
hundred rupees;
(c) occupying as a tenant for the purpose of residence any premises
belonging to the Corporation; or
(d) receiving conveyance charges as a member of the Transport
Committee.
11. Disabilities from continuing as Councillor : A Councillor shall
cease to hold office as such if at any time during this term of office he, -
(a) becomes disqualified for being a Councillor by reason of the
provisions of section 10;
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(b) absents himself during three successive months from the
meetings of the corporation, except from temporary illness or
other cause to be approved by the Corporation;
(c) absents himself from, or is unable to attend the meetings of the
Corporation during six successive months from any cause
whatever, whether approved by the Corporation or not; or
(d) acts as a Councillor or as a member of any Committee of the
Corporation by voting on, or taking part in the discussion of, or
asking any question concerning any matter in which he has
directly or indirectly by himself or his partner any such share or
interest as is described in clause (b) or sub-section (20 of section
10 or in which he is professionally interested on behalf of a
client, principal or other person.
12. Questions as to disqualification to be determined by the Judge :
(1) If any doubt or dispute arises whether a Councillor has ceased to hold
office as such under section 11, such Councillor or any other Councillor
may, and at the request of the Corporation, the Commissioner shall, refer the
question to the Judge.
(2) On a reference being made to the Judge under sub-section (1) such
Councillor shall not be deemed to be disqualified until the Judge after
holding an inquiry in the manner provided by or under this Act determines
that he has ceased to hold office.
13. Liability of Councillors to removal :- (1) The State Government
may, on the recommendation of the Corporation supported b the vote of not
less than three-fourths of the whole number of Councillors, remove from
office with effect from such date as may be specified in the order of removal
of any Councillor elected under this Act, if it is satisfied that such Councillor
has been guilty of misconduct in the discharge of his duty or of any
disgraceful conduct or has become incapable of performing his duties as
Councillor :
Provided that, no recommendation shall be made by the Corporation
under this section unless the Councillor to whom it relates has been given a
reasonable opportunity of showing cause why such recommendation should
not be made.
(2) A person who has been removed from office under sub-section
(1) shall be disqualified for being elected and for being a Councillor for a
period of five years from the date of his removal, unless the State
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Government relieves him of the disqualification by an order which it is
hereby empowered to make.
Election of Councillors
14. State Election Commission : (1) The superintendence, direction and
control of the preparation of electoral rolls for, and the conduct of, all
elections to the Corporation shall vest in the State Election Commissioner.
(2) The State Election Commissioner may, by order, delegate any
of his powers and functions to any officer of the State Election Commission
or any officer of the State Government not below the rank of Deputy
Collector or to any officer of the Corporation not below the rank of the
Assistant Municipal Commissioner.
(3) All officers and members of the staff appointed or deployed for
preparation of electoral rolls and conduct of election of the Corporation
under this Act or the rules shall function under the superintendence,
direction and control of the State Election Commissioner.
(4) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act and the rules,
the State Election Commissioner may issue such special or general orders or
directions which may not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Act and
the rules for fair and free elections.
14A. Power of State Election Commissioner to issue directions to
prevent impersonation : The State Election Commissioner may, with a
view to prevent impersonation of electors at the time of election, issue such
directions, as he thinks fit to the Presiding Officers and such directions may
include instructing the electors to produce, at the time of polling, the photo
identity cards issued to them under the provisions of the Representation of
the People Act, 1951.
15. Casual vacancies how to be filled :- (1) In the event of non-
acceptance of office by a person elected to be a Councillor, or of the death,
resignation, disqualification or removal of a Councillor during his term of
office, there shall be deemed to be a casual vacancy in the office, and such
vacancy shall be filled as soon as conveniently may be, by the election of a
person thereto, who shall hold office so long only as the Councillor in whose
place he is elected would have been entitled to hold it if the vacancy had not
occurred:
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Provided that, no election shall be held for the filling of a casual
vacancy if general elections are due to be held within six months of the
occurrence of the vacancy.
(2) The provisions of section 18 shall apply to an election held for
the filling of a casual vacancy.
16. Election petitions : (1) If the qualification of any persons declared to
be elected a Councillor is disputed, or if the validity of any election is
questioned, whether by reason of the improper rejection by the State
Election Commissioner of a nomination, or of the improper reception or
refusal of a vote, or by reason of a material irregularity in the election
proceedings corrupt practice, or any other thing materially affecting the
result of the election, any person enrolled in the municipal election roll may
at any time within ten days after the result of the election has been declared,
submit an application to the Judge for the determination of the dispute or
question.
(2) The State Election Commissioner may, if it has reason to
believe that an election has not been a free election by reason of the large
number of cases in which undue influence or bribery has been exercised or
committed by order in writing, authorise any officer of the Commission to
make an application to the Judge at any time within one month after the
result of the election has been declared for a declaration that the election of
the returned candidate or candidates is void.
(2A) No election to any Corporation shall be called in question
except by an election petition presented to the Judge referred to in sub-
section (1) and no Judge other than the Judge referred to in sub-section (1)
shall entertain any dispute in respect of such election.
(3) The Judge shall decide the applications made under sub-section
(1) or (2) after holding an inquiry in the manner provided by or under this
Act.
Explanations.- For the purposes of this section –
(1) “Corrupt practice” means one of the following practices,
namely: -
(a) any gift, offer or promise by a candidate or his agent or by any
person with the connivance of a candidate or his agent of any
gratification, pecuniary or otherwise, to any person
whomsoever, with the object, directly or indirectly of inducing
a person to stand or not to stand as, or to withdraw from being a
candidate at an election or a voter to vote or refrain from voting
at an election or as a reward to a person for having so stood or
26. 26
not stood or for having withdrawn his candidature or a voter for
having voted or refrained from voting;
(b) any direct or indirect interference or attempt to interfere on the
part of a candidate or his agent or of any other person with the
connivance of the candidate or his agent with the free exercise
of any electoral right, including the use of threats of injury of
any kind or the creation or attempt to create fear of divine
displeasure or spiritual censure, but not including a declaration
of public policy or a promise of public action or the mere
exercise of a legal right without intent to interfere with a legal
right;
(c) the procuring or abetting or attempting to procure by a
candidate or his agent or by any other person with the
connivance of a candidate or his agent, the application by a
person for a voting paper in the name of any other person
whether living or dead or in a fictitious name or by a person for
a voting paper in his own name when, by reason of the fact that
he has already voted in the same or some other ward, he is not
entitled to vote;
(d) the removal of a voting paper from the polling station during
polling hours by any person with the connivance of a candidate
or his agent;
(e) the publication by a candidate or his agent or by any other
person with the connivance of the candidate or his agent of any
statement of fact which is false, and which he either believes to
be false or does not believe to be true, in relation to the personal
character or conduct of any candidate, being a statement
reasonably calculated to prejudice the prospects of that
candidate’s election;
(f) any acts specified in paragraphs (a), (b), (d) and (e) when doen
by a person who is not a candidate or his agent or a person
acting with the connivance of a candidate or his agent;
(g) the application by a person at an election for a voting paper in
the name of any other person, whether living or dead, or in a
fictitious name, or for a voting paper in his own name when, by
reason of the fact that he has already voted in the same or
another ward, he is not entitled to vote; or
(h) the receipt of, or agreement to receive, any gratification of the
kind described in paragraph (a) as a motive or reward for doing
or refraining from doing any of the acts therein specified;
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(2) a corrupt practice shall not be deemed to have been committed
in the interests of a returned candidate if the Judge is satisfied that it was of a
trivial and limited character which did not affect the result of the election,
that in all other respects the election was free from any corrupt practice on
the part of the candidate or any of his agents, that it was committed without
the sanction or connivance or contrary to the orders of the candidate or his
agents, and that the candidate and his agents took all reasonable means for
preventing the commission of corrupt practices at the election.
17. [Disqualification of voters for corrupt practice.] Deleted by Mah. 34
of 1965, s.7.
18. Procedure if election fails or is set aside :- (1) If at any general
elections or an election held to fill a casual vacancy, no Councillor is elected
or an insufficient number of Councillors are elected or the election of any or
all of the Councillors is set aside under this Act and there is no other
candidate or candidates who can be deemed to be elected in his or their
place, the State Election Commissioner shall appoint another day for holding
a fresh election and a fresh election shall be held accordingly.
(2) A Councillor elected under this section shall be deemed to have
been elected to fill a casual vacancy under section 15.
19. Mayor and Deputy Mayor.- (1) The Corporation shall subject to the
provisions of sub-section (1A), at its first meeting after the general elections
elect – from amongst the Councillors one of its number to be the Mayor and
another to be the Deputy Mayor. The tenure of the Mayor and the Deputy
Mayor shall be of two and a half years :
Provided that, the term of the Mayors and the Deputy Mayors in
office on the date of coming into force of the Maharashtra Municipal
Corporations (Amendment) Act, 2000, shall be regulated as unders,-
(a) in case of the Corporations which have completed the first year
of their term but have not yet completed two years since their
first meeting after the general elections, the term of the Mayors
and Deputy Mayors of such Corporations shall be two years
each;
(b) in all other cases, the term of the Mayors and Deputy Mayors
who are in office on the said date shall be extended to be and,
comterinous with the term of office of the elected Councillors;
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Provided further that the roaster relating to the reservation of
the office of the Mayor shall be deemed to have been amended to
provide for the extended tenure of the Mayor.
(1A) There shall be reservation for the office of the Mayor in
the Corporation, by rotation, for the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled
Tribes, women and the Backward Class of citizens, in the prescribed
manner.
(2) The Mayor and the Deputy Mayor shall hold office until
a new Mayor and a new Deputy Mayor have been elected under sub-
section (1) and, in a year in which general elections have been held,
shall do so notwithstanding that they have not been returned as
Councillors on the results of the elections.
(3) A retiring Mayor or Deputy Mayor shall be eligible for
re-election to either office.
(4) The Deputy Mayor may resign his office at any time by
notice in writing to the Mayor and the Mayor may resign his office at
any time by notice in writing to the Corporation.
(5) If any casual vacancy occurs in the office of Mayor or
Deputy Mayor, the Corporation shall, as soon as convenient after the
occurrence of the vacancy choose one of its number to fill the vacancy
and every Mayor or Deputy Mayor so elected shall hold office so long
only as the person in whose place he is appointed would have been
entitled to hold it if the vacancy had not occurred.
The term of the office of the Mayor and Deputy Mayor of the
Corporation has been extended from one year to two and half years, to
enable the Mayor and Dy. Mayor to undertake and implement the
important projects and also to enable them to take effective measures
in the interests to better working of the Corporations – Statement of
objects and Reasons, Mah. 25 of 2000.
CHAPTER IX
THE MUNICIPAL FUND AND OTHER FUNDS
The Municipal Fund
88. Purposes for which Municipal Fund is to be applied :
The moneys from time to time, credited to the Municipal Fund shall
be applied in payment of all sums, charges and costs necessary for carrying
this Act into effect, or of which the payment shall be duly directed or
sanctioned under any of the provisions of this Act or of any other law for the
time being in force inclusive of the expenses of every ward election.