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This document discusses public debt and low interest rates. It argues that standard economic arguments against public debt based on fiscal costs and crowding out may not apply when interest rates are lower than growth rates. While public debt is not desirable, it may not be catastrophic given today's low rates. The document concludes that there is no single threshold for acceptable debt levels, and that fiscal policy could be used more aggressively in Europe given low rates and recession risks.
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
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【业务选择办理准则】
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
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Trump's growth nirvana
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- It finds that tax cuts would provide a larger short-term boost to growth than increased spending, but that spending measures have higher fiscal multipliers. Tax cuts are also more likely to push up Treasury yields and pose risks for bond investors.
- The size and permanence of the tax cuts will determine their impact, with temporary cuts having lower multipliers than permanent ones. Spending is generally more efficient at boosting growth.
- Trump's tax cut proposals are larger than Republican plans but may be less effective at boosting growth due to focusing more on high-income
Putnam Perspectives: Fixed-Income Outlook Q3 2014
The global economy is improving overall, with the U.S. and U.K. leading the way. We expect higher GDP growth from the U.S. to support risk assets in the third quarter. We continue to expect a rise in U.S. interest rates in 2014, though eurozone policy may help slow a near-term increase. We favor credit, prepayment, and liquidity risks, which we express in allocations to mezzanine CMBS, peripheral European sovereigns, select EM sovereigns, and interest-only (IO) CMOs.
An Empirical Study to Investigate the Reasons for the Increase in the Househo...
This paper investigates factors that affect household debt levels in Canada using a multiple linear regression model. Previous studies found GDP growth, housing prices, and unemployment and interest rates significantly impact debt levels. The study uses quarterly Canadian data from 2005 to 2014 to examine how GDP, housing prices, inflation, unemployment, and interest rates influence household debt as a percentage of GDP. It aims to determine the main drivers of rising Canadian household indebtedness and inform policy responses.
Why We So Bruk, Debt Public Forum, Carter Hall 12th June 2008
This document summarizes Jamaica's public debt levels and provides analysis of the causes and potential solutions. It finds that Jamaica's debt has risen to 147% of GDP, ranking it 4th among Caribbean nations. High debt service costs absorb over half of government revenue. The root cause is absorbing non-central government debt. Solutions analyzed include tax increases, changing the debt instrument mix, not absorbing other entities' debt, and increasing GDP growth. The document recommends tax reform for revenue, managing contingent risks, and spending on growth over debt repayment.
Part 1 Assume that the country is in a period of high unemployment,.docx
Part 1: Assume that the country is in a period of high unemployment, interest rates are at almost zero, inflation is about 2% per year, and GDP growth is less than 2% per year. Suggest how fiscal and monetary policy can move those numbers to an acceptable level keeping inflation the same. What is the first action you would take as the president? As the chairman of the Fed? Why? What would be your subsequent steps? Make sure you include both the positive and negative effects of your actions and include the trade-offs or opportunity costs.
Include the following concepts in your discussion:
Demand and supply of money
Interest rates
The Phillips curve
Taxation
Government spending
Wages
Costs of inflation
The multiplier and the tax multiplier
The idea of tax rebates to stimulate the economy
Part 2: Assume the country is in a budget deficit and carrying a very large debt. Discuss the dangers of a high debt to GDP ratio and a growing budget deficit. Would this change any policy changes you discussed in Part 1?
.
Briefing Note DEBT #2edited
1) The document discusses concerns around increasing public debt levels in advanced economies and how this may hamper future growth. It outlines the economic impacts of the 2008 financial crisis and rising debt levels globally.
2) It analyzes different policy options for addressing high debt such as debt restructuring, inflation, fiscal consolidation, and promoting economic growth. Each option is assessed in terms of strengths, weaknesses and feasibility.
3) The recommendation is that no single approach will work and a combination of transparency, accountability, fiscal repression, and selective fiscal consolidation can help curb debt growth while promoting economic recovery.
Collapse and stabilisation instead of degrowth?
The document discusses the global debt problem and its implications for economic growth and degrowth strategies. It argues that massive debt write-downs are inevitable due to an impending economic collapse brought on by unsustainable debt levels. This collapse will result in the degrowth wanted by proponents of degrowth, but risks restoring pro-growth systems afterwards. Short-term solutions like debt forgiveness or creating non-debt money are proposed to avoid economic and social breakdown in the interim. Long-term, a dual currency system is suggested to separate money for spending and saving.
Economic outlook 2011 12
The economic outlook summary is as follows:
1) The US economy has slowed significantly with weak GDP growth and persistently high unemployment.
2) Even the slow recovery is threatened by the ongoing European sovereign debt crisis which could trigger a global recession.
3) Domestic consumption, a major driver of GDP, remains subdued due to high unemployment, income inequality, and households focusing on debt reduction over spending.
Deliverable Length 800–1,000 wordsPart 1 Assume that th.docx
Deliverable Length:
800–1,000 words
Part 1:
Assume that the country is in a period of high unemployment, interest rates are at almost zero, inflation is about 2% per year, and GDP growth is less than 2% per year.
Suggest how fiscal and monetary policy can move those numbers to an acceptable level keeping inflation the same.
What is the first action you would take as the president? As the chairman of the Fed? Why?
What would be your subsequent steps?
Make sure you include both the positive and negative effects of your actions, and include the trade-offs or opportunity costs.
Include the following concepts in your discussion:
Demand and supply of money
Interest rates
The Phillips curve
Taxation
Government spending
Wages
Costs of inflation
The multiplier and the tax multiplier
The idea of tax rebates to stimulate the economy
Part 2:
Assume that the country is in a budget deficit and carrying a very large debt. Discuss the dangers of a high debt to GDP ratio and a growing budget deficit. Would this affect any policy changes you discussed in Part 1?
.
Common Myths About the debt and the Facts
The document summarizes common myths about the national debt and provides facts to address each myth in 1-3 concise sentences. It discusses that while deficits are smaller than during the recession, the debt will still grow substantially without action. It also notes that the longer action is delayed, the greater cuts or tax increases will need to be. Additionally, gradual deficit reduction can help the economy rather than hurt it, and past plans have protected vulnerable groups. The debt issues also cannot be solved solely by cutting waste, taxing wealthier Americans more, or relying on economic growth alone.
The Great Recession Is Over: What’s Next, and What Does It Mean for Learning?
The Great Recession of 2008-2009 was the worst economic downturn since the 1930s. While officially over, the recovery has been unusually weak with slow GDP and job growth. This recession was caused by the financial crisis and housing market collapse, and different in requiring massive consumer and government debt reduction. Persistent budget deficits could increase interest rates and inflation. Learning professionals should closely align learning with strategic priorities, build strong business cases, and create a flexible cost structure to weather ongoing economic uncertainty.
16 Budget Myths for the 2016 Campaign
The document provides a summary of 16 common budget myths that may come up during the 2016 US presidential campaign. It aims to fact check these myths by presenting data and analysis from nonpartisan groups like the Congressional Budget Office and Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget. The myths are grouped into categories on issues like the national debt, taxes, healthcare/Social Security, and proposed "easy fixes". For each myth, the summary counters arguments with evidence about risks of high debt and limitations of proposals to solve budget problems through tax cuts, targeting only the wealthy, or closing only narrow loopholes.
Fiscal FactChecker: 16 Budget Myths to Watch Out for in the 2016 Campaign
Fiscal FactChecker: 16 Budget Myths to Watch Out for in the 2016 CampaignCommittee for a Responsible Federal Budget
The next President will need to confront a number of budgetary challenges and will likely sign into law many federal tax and spending changes. Yet too often, election campaigns are about telling voters what they want to hear rather than what they need to know. To separate fiction from reality, the new Fiscal FactChecker series will monitor the 2016 Presidential campaign on an ongoing basis. To start with, we have identified 16 myths that may come up during the campaign.
Government Debt, Taxes, and the Weakness of the Global Recovery
Government Debt, Taxes, and the Weakness of the Global RecoveryDallas Committee on Foreign Relations
1) Large government debts in many countries following the Great Recession are associated with slow economic recoveries compared to Germany which avoided a large rise in debt.
2) High debt raises fears that fiscal imbalances will be addressed through tax increases rather than spending cuts, discouraging investment and growth.
3) An economic model shows that expected future US tax increases could quantitatively account for the downward shift in US growth from its historical trend, supporting the hypothesis that high debt and taxes weaken recoveries.2015 Economic Outlook Briefing
SunTrust Chief Economist Gregory Miller Briefs Chamber Members on Economic Trends
Gregory Miller, chief economist at SunTrust Bank, gave the keynote address at the 2015 Economic Outlook Briefing presented by Town of Chapel Hill Economic Development, describing trends and the latest economic issues facing the nation and the region.
As SunTrust’s chief economist, Gregory Miller analyzes the U.S. and global economies and forecasts the U.S. national economy. He advises corporate and bank boards of directors, as well as making frequent presentations to SunTrust business and wealth management clients. He sits on committees charged with interest rate setting, corporate investment, and benefits policy. He is a policy advisor for Private Wealth and Corporate Investment Banking groups.
Mr. Miller comments frequently in business media, including CNBC News, Bloomberg News, Fox Business, Reuters, USA Today, Wall Street Journal, Financial Times, Blue Chip Financial Forecast, and other local news media platforms.
In addition to Miller’s economic forecast, Chamber President & CEO Aaron Nelson presented the results of the Chamber’s annual Economic Conditions Survey, an online survey that gauges our community’s thoughts on the current economy based on Chamber member response.
For more information, visit carolinachamber.org or contact Kristen Smith at (919) 357-9988.
###
The Chapel Hill-Carrboro (NC) Chamber of Commerce is a business leadership organization serving the greater Chapel Hill, NC community. The Chamber serves and supports the business interests of its more than 1,200 members and helps create a sustainable community where they can thrive. Chamber members employ more than 80,000 in the Research Triangle region.
April Commentary
This document provides a summary of recent economic developments and risks. Key points include: risk appetite has revived in global markets but growth is slowing; US data shows continued recovery in employment, housing and manufacturing; China's leadership transition is complete; the US debt ceiling could pose problems in the summer; Cyprus received a bailout but its terms set a precedent for depositors to share losses in future bank bailouts.
MTBiz September 2014
MTBiz is for you if you are looking for contemporary information on business, economy and especially on banking industry of Bangladesh. You would also find periodical information on Global Economy and Commodity Markets.
MACROECONOMICS-CH15
The document discusses government debt and perspectives on it. It covers measurement problems with the deficit figure due to inflation, business cycles, and uncounted liabilities. It also summarizes the traditional view that debt lowers national saving versus the Ricardian view that it does not affect saving. Most economists oppose a balanced budget rule as it hinders fiscal policy goals like stabilization.
Ffw 2011
The document discusses various economic policy suggestions, dividing them into "Crazy Economic Suggestions" and "More Serious Economic Suggestions". The crazy suggestions include replacing the income tax with a height tax and having the Federal Reserve randomly remove some currency from circulation. The more serious suggestions discuss reforming programs like Social Security and Medicare to control costs, implementing a carbon tax, and removing barriers to trade.
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An Empirical Study to Investigate the Reasons for the Increase in the Househo...
An Empirical Study to Investigate the Reasons for the Increase in the Househo...
Why We So Bruk, Debt Public Forum, Carter Hall 12th June 2008
Why We So Bruk, Debt Public Forum, Carter Hall 12th June 2008
Part 1 Assume that the country is in a period of high unemployment,.docx
Part 1 Assume that the country is in a period of high unemployment,.docx
Deliverable Length 800–1,000 wordsPart 1 Assume that th.docx
Deliverable Length 800–1,000 wordsPart 1 Assume that th.docx
The Great Recession Is Over: What’s Next, and What Does It Mean for Learning?
The Great Recession Is Over: What’s Next, and What Does It Mean for Learning?
Fiscal FactChecker: 16 Budget Myths to Watch Out for in the 2016 Campaign
Fiscal FactChecker: 16 Budget Myths to Watch Out for in the 2016 Campaign
Government Debt, Taxes, and the Weakness of the Global Recovery
Government Debt, Taxes, and the Weakness of the Global Recovery
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
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Bridging the gap: Online job postings, survey data and the assessment of job ...
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OJP data from firms like Vicinity Jobs have emerged as a complement to traditional sources of labour demand data, such as the Job Vacancy and Wages Survey (JVWS). Ibrahim Abuallail, PhD Candidate, University of Ottawa, presented research relating to bias in OJPs and a proposed approach to effectively adjust OJP data to complement existing official data (such as from the JVWS) and improve the measurement of labour demand.Does teamwork really matter? Looking beyond the job posting to understand lab...
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Vicinity Jobs’ data includes more than three million 2023 OJPs and thousands of skills. Most skills appear in less than 0.02% of job postings, so most postings rely on a small subset of commonly used terms, like teamwork.
Laura Adkins-Hackett, Economist, LMIC, and Sukriti Trehan, Data Scientist, LMIC, presented their research exploring trends in the skills listed in OJPs to develop a deeper understanding of in-demand skills. This research project uses pointwise mutual information and other methods to extract more information about common skills from the relationships between skills, occupations and regions.13 Jun 24 ILC Retirement Income Summit - slides.pptx
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Jo Blanden, Professor in Economics, University of Surrey
Clive Bolton, CEO, Life Insurance M&G Plc
Jim Boyd, CEO, Equity Release Council
Molly Broome, Economist, Resolution Foundation
Nida Broughton, Co-Director of Economic Policy, Behavioural Insights Team
Jonathan Cribb, Associate Director and Head of Retirement, Savings, and Ageing, Institute for Fiscal Studies
Joanna Elson CBE, Chief Executive Officer, Independent Age
Tom Evans, Managing Director of Retirement, Canada Life
Steve Groves, Chair, Key Retirement Group
Tish Hanifan, Founder and Joint Chair of the Society of Later life Advisers
Sue Lewis, ILC Trustee
Siobhan Lough, Senior Consultant, Hymans Robertson
Mick McAteer, Co-Director, The Financial Inclusion Centre
Stuart McDonald MBE, Head of Longevity and Democratic Insights, LCP
Anusha Mittal, Managing Director, Individual Life and Pensions, M&G Life
Shelley Morris, Senior Project Manager, Living Pension, Living Wage Foundation
Sarah O'Grady, Journalist
Will Sherlock, Head of External Relations, M&G Plc
Daniela Silcock, Head of Policy Research, Pensions Policy Institute
David Sinclair, Chief Executive, ILC
Jordi Skilbeck, Senior Policy Advisor, Pensions and Lifetime Savings Association
Rt Hon Sir Stephen Timms, former Chair, Work & Pensions Committee
Nigel Waterson, ILC Trustee
Jackie Wells, Strategy and Policy Consultant, ILC Strategic Advisory Board
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Using Online job postings and survey data to understand labour market trends
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[4:55 p.m.] Bryan Oates
OJPs are becoming a critical resource for policy-makers and researchers who study the labour market. LMIC continues to work with Vicinity Jobs’ data on OJPs, which can be explored in our Canadian Job Trends Dashboard. Valuable insights have been gained through our analysis of OJP data, including LMIC research lead
Suzanne Spiteri’s recent report on improving the quality and accessibility of job postings to reduce employment barriers for neurodivergent people.
Decoding job postings: Improving accessibility for neurodivergent job seekers
Improving the quality and accessibility of job postings is one way to reduce employment barriers for neurodivergent people.快速办理(RWTH毕业证书)德国亚琛工业大学毕业证录取通知书一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(RWTH毕业证书)德国亚琛工业大学毕业证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
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如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
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◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
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◇申请留学生创业基金
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2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
一比一原版宾夕法尼亚大学毕业证(UPenn毕业证书)学历如何办理
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
留信网服务项目：
1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析）
2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务
3、留学人员区块链存储服务
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
Exploring-Madhya-Pradesh-Culture-Heritage-and-Land-Records.pptx
Madhya Pradesh, the "Heart of India," boasts a rich tapestry of culture and heritage, from ancient dynasties to modern developments. Explore its land records, historical landmarks, and vibrant traditions. From agricultural expanses to urban growth, Madhya Pradesh offers a unique blend of the ancient and modern.
The Rise and Fall of Ponzi Schemes in America.pptx
Ponzi schemes, a notorious form of financial fraud, have plagued America’s investment landscape for decades. Named after Charles Ponzi, who orchestrated one of the most infamous schemes in the early 20th century, these fraudulent operations promise high returns with little or no risk, only to collapse and leave investors with significant losses. This article explores the nature of Ponzi schemes, notable cases in American history, their impact on victims, and measures to prevent falling prey to such scams.
Understanding Ponzi Schemes
A Ponzi scheme is an investment scam where returns are paid to earlier investors using the capital from newer investors, rather than from legitimate profit earned. The scheme relies on a constant influx of new investments to continue paying the promised returns. Eventually, when the flow of new money slows down or stops, the scheme collapses, leaving the majority of investors with substantial financial losses.
Historical Context: Charles Ponzi and His Legacy
Charles Ponzi is the namesake of this deceptive practice. In the 1920s, Ponzi promised investors in Boston a 50% return within 45 days or 100% return in 90 days through arbitrage of international reply coupons. Initially, he paid returns as promised, not from profits, but from the investments of new participants. When his scheme unraveled, it resulted in losses exceeding $20 million (equivalent to about $270 million today).
Notable American Ponzi Schemes
1. Bernie Madoff: Perhaps the most notorious Ponzi scheme in recent history, Bernie Madoff’s fraud involved $65 billion. Madoff, a well-respected figure in the financial industry, promised steady, high returns through a secretive investment strategy. His scheme lasted for decades before collapsing in 2008, devastating thousands of investors, including individuals, charities, and institutional clients.
2. Allen Stanford: Through his company, Stanford Financial Group, Allen Stanford orchestrated a $7 billion Ponzi scheme, luring investors with fraudulent certificates of deposit issued by his offshore bank. Stanford promised high returns and lavish lifestyle benefits to his investors, which ultimately led to a 110-year prison sentence for the financier in 2012.
3. Tom Petters: In a scheme that lasted more than a decade, Tom Petters ran a $3.65 billion Ponzi scheme, using his company, Petters Group Worldwide. He claimed to buy and sell consumer electronics, but in reality, he used new investments to pay off old debts and fund his extravagant lifestyle. Petters was convicted in 2009 and sentenced to 50 years in prison.
4. Eric Dalius and Saivian: Eric Dalius, a prominent figure behind Saivian, a cashback program promising high returns, is under scrutiny for allegedly orchestrating a Ponzi scheme. Saivian enticed investors with promises of up to 20% cash back on everyday purchases. However, investigations suggest that the returns were paid using new investments rather than legitimate profits. The collapse of Saivian l
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- 1. Public Debt and Low Interest Rates. Further thoughts Washington, March 5, 2019 Olivier Blanchard Peterson Institute for International Economics | 1750 Massachusetts Ave., NW | Washington, DC 20036 3/5/2019 1
- 2. The Basic Argument Two standard economic arguments against public debt Fiscal costs : Higher (distortionary) taxes Welfare costs: Crowding out of capital, less consumption My analysis questions both: • Fiscal costs? Forecasts: r<g for most advanced countries by 1 to 2% over next 10 years. US, UK, Euro, Japan No need to raise taxes in response to higher debt • Welfare costs? Crowding out of capital. How costly? Safe rate: risk-adjusted rate of return on capital If low, signal that crowding out not very costly. Conclusion. Public debt not desirable, but not catastrophic.
- 3. Public debt levels still matter • As D/Y increases, r will increase. Eventually r>g For two reasons: Crowding out of capital, increase in rate of return on capital Increased supply of safe assets: lower safety premium At what level of debt does r>g? Difficult to assess, but probably high. Japanese numbers • If, for other reasons, r becomes larger than g: Need to increase taxes: Depends on (r-g) times D/Y So higher D/Y, higher fiscal cost. More relevant, the larger the distribution of (r-g) in the future US versus Italy. • But no such thing as a common magic number for D/Y: 60%, 90% etc.
- 4. Implications for fiscal policy today • US: Current primary deficits unjustified on purely fiscal grounds. Not enough monetary policy room today to eliminate them fully 1% lower deficit, multiplier of 1.5, requires 150 bp lower rate. Keep the same for now, but change the composition of expenditures? Filling potholes. Fighting global warming. Leaving a livable planet with higher debt: A good deal • Europe. Slump, higher probability of recession Nearly no monetary policy room. Negative rates Need to be ready to use fiscal policy aggressively Large benefits, little or no cost (case where r<<gbar).