Black economy 03
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Black money refers to money generated through secret, unreported activities to avoid taxes. This creates a parallel economy that runs counter to social objectives. Sources of black money include control/licensing systems, tax structures, political donations, and ineffective tax enforcement. The impacts of black money include misdirected resources, worsened income distribution, large unreported economic segments, and funds transferred abroad, as well as corruption. Estimates put the amount of black money in India at Rs. 3,54,000 crores.
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Black economy
The document discusses the black economy in India. It defines the black economy as the hidden sector where cash transactions go unreported, including trades, goods and services not part of the official economy. A large portion of the black economy, estimated at 50% of GDP in 2012-13, is controlled by the top 3% of the population. This exacerbates inequality. The black economy undermines the macroeconomy, sectors like education and health, and weakens democracy. Tough steps are needed like getting details from Swiss banks, replacing high denomination notes, and increasing public awareness, to resolve its negative impacts on India's growth.
Parallel Economy
The document provides an overview of parallel or black market economies, their origin and size. It discusses that parallel economies exist due to factors like high tax rates, complicated tax systems, lack of trust in governments, and corruption. The black market includes illegal trade of goods and services like arms, drugs, currency exchange, and copyrighted media. Estimates suggest the global black market economy is worth $2-5% of worldwide GDP. Corruption also contributes significantly to the parallel economy in many countries like India.
Economics report on black money
This document summarizes several estimates of the amount of black money in India's economy from the 1960s to the 1970s. It discusses commissions formed by the Indian government to study the issue. Estimates of black money ranged from Rs. 700 crores to Rs. 1800 crores for 1961-1962 and 1965-1966, increasing to Rs. 1400 crores by 1969-1970 according to the Wanchoo Committee. Later estimates by Rangnekar, Chopra and Gupta et al. found higher amounts of black money reaching billions of rupees by the late 1970s, accounting for a growing percentage of India's GDP. The commissions found correlations between a stronger economy, higher taxes and inflation with greater opportunities and
parallel economy.ppt
This document discusses parallel or black economies. It defines parallel economies as unreported economic activities and explains how they pose threats such as loss of government revenue and incorrect GDP estimations. The document outlines effects of parallel economies like unequal income and wealth distribution and corruption. It then discusses measures governments can take to reduce parallel economies, such as voluntary disclosure schemes, privatization, and international cooperation on foreign black money holdings. Major tax evasion scams in India are also listed with estimated amounts. The conclusion estimates India has the highest amount of black money globally at $1,456 billion.
Black economy
The document discusses the black economy in India. Some key points:
- The black economy is estimated at 62% of India's GDP, generating Rs. 93 lakh crore annually in unreported income. This has cost India an average of 5% growth since the 1970s.
- Major sources of the black economy include real estate, bullion/jewelry, public procurement, and the large informal cash sector.
- The black economy impacts the government through lost tax revenue and difficulties creating effective policy. It also enables criminal activities and inflation.
- Legal activities like construction permits and real estate transactions generate black money through bribes required to expedite approvals. Underreporting sale prices on
Black economy in india
This document discusses black economy and black money, defining them as income that remains illegally undeclared to avoid taxes. It notes that India's black economy is estimated to be around 40% of GDP, or Rs. 25 lakh crore. Common sources of black money generation include licensing systems, tax structures, political donations, and ineffective tax enforcement. The impacts include misdirected resources, income inequality, corruption, and transfer of funds overseas. Steps to reduce black money include transparent governance, electronic payments, and voluntary disclosure programs.
Black Money and its Impact on Indian Economy
In the present era, issue of BLACK MONEY has come into forefront of the society with active participation of our youth and parliament. Government took various steps about the problem of Black money. The main aim of this research paper is to know how it is generated, committees and report of black money. This paper represents the framework, policy options and strategies that Indian Govt. should adopt to tackle with this issue and also describes various measures taken by Government. It also studies the impact of Demonetisation on black money and also describes the size of Black money and also includes recent news of SIT. The corruption leads to its generation which has considerable impact on various sections of the society. At last but not least, conclusion of this paper is provided representing the ongoing issue of black money in our country and its future course of action. Hopefully, this would contribute to an informed approach on this issue as we move forward in this context. Manish Dubey"Black Money and its Impact on Indian Economy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd17042.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/economics/17042/black-money-and-its-impact-on-indian-economy/manish-dubey
Black economy in india
The document summarizes the black economy in India. It states that the black economy has grown from 3% in the 1950s to 50% today. Some components of the parallel black economy are tax evasion, smuggling, bribe-taking, and foreign currency racketeering. Statistics show that Indians have accumulated over $1.5 trillion in black money, especially stored in tax havens like Switzerland. Bringing this unaccounted money back could fund infrastructure and development projects and eliminate poverty in India. However, legalizing the massive black economy would require people to declare it and pay taxes, which is unlikely.
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Black economy
The document discusses the black economy in India. It defines the black economy as the hidden sector where cash transactions go unreported, including trades, goods and services not part of the official economy. A large portion of the black economy, estimated at 50% of GDP in 2012-13, is controlled by the top 3% of the population. This exacerbates inequality. The black economy undermines the macroeconomy, sectors like education and health, and weakens democracy. Tough steps are needed like getting details from Swiss banks, replacing high denomination notes, and increasing public awareness, to resolve its negative impacts on India's growth.
Parallel Economy
The document provides an overview of parallel or black market economies, their origin and size. It discusses that parallel economies exist due to factors like high tax rates, complicated tax systems, lack of trust in governments, and corruption. The black market includes illegal trade of goods and services like arms, drugs, currency exchange, and copyrighted media. Estimates suggest the global black market economy is worth $2-5% of worldwide GDP. Corruption also contributes significantly to the parallel economy in many countries like India.
Economics report on black money
This document summarizes several estimates of the amount of black money in India's economy from the 1960s to the 1970s. It discusses commissions formed by the Indian government to study the issue. Estimates of black money ranged from Rs. 700 crores to Rs. 1800 crores for 1961-1962 and 1965-1966, increasing to Rs. 1400 crores by 1969-1970 according to the Wanchoo Committee. Later estimates by Rangnekar, Chopra and Gupta et al. found higher amounts of black money reaching billions of rupees by the late 1970s, accounting for a growing percentage of India's GDP. The commissions found correlations between a stronger economy, higher taxes and inflation with greater opportunities and
parallel economy.ppt
This document discusses parallel or black economies. It defines parallel economies as unreported economic activities and explains how they pose threats such as loss of government revenue and incorrect GDP estimations. The document outlines effects of parallel economies like unequal income and wealth distribution and corruption. It then discusses measures governments can take to reduce parallel economies, such as voluntary disclosure schemes, privatization, and international cooperation on foreign black money holdings. Major tax evasion scams in India are also listed with estimated amounts. The conclusion estimates India has the highest amount of black money globally at $1,456 billion.
Black economy
The document discusses the black economy in India. Some key points:
- The black economy is estimated at 62% of India's GDP, generating Rs. 93 lakh crore annually in unreported income. This has cost India an average of 5% growth since the 1970s.
- Major sources of the black economy include real estate, bullion/jewelry, public procurement, and the large informal cash sector.
- The black economy impacts the government through lost tax revenue and difficulties creating effective policy. It also enables criminal activities and inflation.
- Legal activities like construction permits and real estate transactions generate black money through bribes required to expedite approvals. Underreporting sale prices on
Black economy in india
This document discusses black economy and black money, defining them as income that remains illegally undeclared to avoid taxes. It notes that India's black economy is estimated to be around 40% of GDP, or Rs. 25 lakh crore. Common sources of black money generation include licensing systems, tax structures, political donations, and ineffective tax enforcement. The impacts include misdirected resources, income inequality, corruption, and transfer of funds overseas. Steps to reduce black money include transparent governance, electronic payments, and voluntary disclosure programs.
Black Money and its Impact on Indian Economy
In the present era, issue of BLACK MONEY has come into forefront of the society with active participation of our youth and parliament. Government took various steps about the problem of Black money. The main aim of this research paper is to know how it is generated, committees and report of black money. This paper represents the framework, policy options and strategies that Indian Govt. should adopt to tackle with this issue and also describes various measures taken by Government. It also studies the impact of Demonetisation on black money and also describes the size of Black money and also includes recent news of SIT. The corruption leads to its generation which has considerable impact on various sections of the society. At last but not least, conclusion of this paper is provided representing the ongoing issue of black money in our country and its future course of action. Hopefully, this would contribute to an informed approach on this issue as we move forward in this context. Manish Dubey"Black Money and its Impact on Indian Economy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd17042.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/economics/17042/black-money-and-its-impact-on-indian-economy/manish-dubey
Black economy in india
The document summarizes the black economy in India. It states that the black economy has grown from 3% in the 1950s to 50% today. Some components of the parallel black economy are tax evasion, smuggling, bribe-taking, and foreign currency racketeering. Statistics show that Indians have accumulated over $1.5 trillion in black money, especially stored in tax havens like Switzerland. Bringing this unaccounted money back could fund infrastructure and development projects and eliminate poverty in India. However, legalizing the massive black economy would require people to declare it and pay taxes, which is unlikely.
Parallel economy: Issues and Challenges
This document discusses the parallel economy and issues surrounding black money in India. It defines the parallel economy as economic activities that are not reported to tax authorities. The document estimates the size of India's parallel economy since 1991 and identifies major sources like corruption, tax evasion, and funding of political parties. Impacts of black money include underestimation of GDP, loss of tax revenue, inflation, and income inequality. The government has taken initiatives like demonetization and voluntary disclosure schemes to curb the parallel economy and black money. Recommendations are made to tax agricultural income, increase use of digital payments, and lower tax rates.
Blackmoney ppt final
This document discusses black money in India, including its sources such as illegal activities, movement through hawala systems and Swiss banks, and impact through major scams that have cost India trillions of dollars. It provides details on several large scams like 2G, Coalgate, Commonwealth Games, and IPL and estimates that over 250 scams since 1947 have lost India approximately $20 trillion. It concludes that black money burdens the economy and people through poverty and inflation and that citizens must fight corruption to reduce its creation and impact.
Black money
This document discusses black money in India. It provides information on the sources and movement of black money, including through hawala systems and Swiss banks. Several major scams in India are outlined, totaling an estimated loss of over 20 trillion USD. The 2G spectrum scam under the telecom minister A. Raja and Commonwealth Games scam under Suresh Kalmadi are described in detail. Lastly, the consequences of black money like poverty and reduced development are mentioned, along with measures that could be taken to reduce the impact of black money.
Shadow Economy
The document discusses the shadow economy, which includes legal production of goods and services that are deliberately concealed from authorities. Reasons for participating include avoiding taxes, minimum wages, or administrative procedures. The shadow economy includes monetary transactions like tax evasion, as well as non-monetary transactions like bartering and do-it-yourself work. Causes of the shadow economy include high taxes, regulations, and corruption. The shadow economy impacts equity, market competition, and tax systems. Recommendations to address it include reducing the tax burden, reforming social security systems, making administrations more efficient, and decreasing regulation.
Black money
The document discusses black money in India, which refers to assets that have not been reported to tax authorities. It was generated through illegal means like smuggling or tax evasion, and also legal activities manipulated to avoid taxes. Estimates of black money's size use input-output, monetary circulation, and survey approaches. If black money returns to India, it could reduce fiscal deficits and inflation but also increase inequality and impact banking systems and currency value. The government faces challenges in obtaining details of offshore accounts and assets and ensuring foreign investments are not laundered black money.
Indian black money
Corruption is a serious problem in India, which tops lists for black money worldwide. Several major scams like 2G and Commonwealth Games have involved large amounts of illegally gained money. An estimated 70 lakh crores ($1 trillion) is held in foreign bank accounts, enough to eliminate India's foreign debt or distribute 1 lakh ($1,333) to each of 45 crore poor citizens. Common forms of corruption include fake medicines, tax evasion, judicial corruption, and within the armed forces and media. Citizens can help by educating themselves, distributing information, refusing to pay bribes, and organizing awareness events.
Black Money in India.
Black money refers to funds earned through illegal or underground economic activities that are untaxed. India generates the most black money in the world at $1,456 billion, mostly through corruption, tax evasion, and money laundering. Much of this black money is stored in Swiss bank accounts and moved using hawala networks. Recovering black money could repay India's foreign debt 24 times over and boost the economy tremendously by adding to GDP. However, black money also fuels poverty, inflation, and hinders development. Measures like amnesty schemes, simplifying tax laws, and increasing enforcement could help reduce the generation of black money.
How can we reduce Black Money in India?
How can India tackle the challenge of Black Money. A very easy to understand and yet comprehensive look at the topic.
Do you have difficulty in understanding what is Black Money and what can be done about it? Our experts have simplified the topic for you. Do you find that your friends talk about this topic without understanding the basic? Send them this presentation.
Black Money
Black money refers to funds earned through illegal or underground economic activities that are untaxed. Major sources of black money in India include gambling, tax evasion, drug trafficking, and pirated goods. It is estimated that India has over $1.5 trillion in undeclared funds stashed in Swiss banks alone. Several major scams in India have also involved massive amounts of black money, such as the 2G spectrum scam valued at $1.76 trillion. High tax rates, corruption, lack of transparency, and weak enforcement have allowed black money to flourish in India, with negative economic and social consequences. Measures such as amnesty schemes, simplifying tax laws, international cooperation, and increasing awareness are needed to eliminate the
The Indian Black Money Saga
The document summarizes India's Black Money (Undisclosed Foreign Income & Assets) & Imposition of Tax Act of 2015. It provides a one-time 90-day window for holders of undeclared foreign assets to declare them and pay a 60% tax and penalty. Failure to do so within this timeline will result in additional penalties of 90% for a total tax liability of 120% of undisclosed black money. The government collected Rs. 4,147 crore from 638 disclosures under this compliance window. Going forward, India is working with other countries to exchange tax and financial information in order to crack down on undisclosed wealth held abroad.
Convertibility of Black money to white
Black money refers to untaxed currency from the shadow economy. It is caused by corrupt politicians and bureaucrats, a complex tax structure, overregulation, and criminal activities. The consequences of black money include decreased government revenues, lower quality public services, higher taxes and inflation, and difficulties with monetary and fiscal policy. Controlling black money involves converting it to declared white money through amnesty schemes or demonetizing high-denomination bills. However, preventing black money through tax simplification, fewer regulations, increased banking transactions and oversight is a better long-term solution than temporary conversion measures.
Presentation1
Black money in India accounts for 20% of GDP, estimated at Rs. 500,000 crore or $100 billion annually. This huge sum exceeds the central government's entire budget and is more than twice India's annual exports. Kerosene, an essential commodity for cooking, is often purchased on the black market due to ration card limits not meeting increasing demand. The Hawala scandal in the 1990s was India's first major political corruption case, involving $18 million in alleged bribes to politicians through hawala brokers with possible connections to militant groups in Kashmir.
Tax Fraud research paper
Tax fraud involves deliberately underpaying taxes owed through dishonest means such as underreporting income, overstating deductions, or providing false information. Common methods of tax fraud include suppressing personal expenses, deliberately omitting income from business transactions, making false entries in books to hide unreported income or inflate expenses, and concealing receipt of income by not recording transactions. Large corporations may also commit tax fraud through practices like improper transfer pricing or window dressing financial reports. Individual tax fraud usually stems from rationalizations of high taxes and opportunities created by complex tax systems.
BLACK MARKETING AND BLACK MONEY
This document discusses black markets and black money. It defines a black market as an illegal market where goods and services are traded, such as drugs, slave labor, exotic animals, human organs, and stolen goods. Black money refers to illegally obtained money from activities like drug trafficking, weapons trading, and copyright infringement. The recipients of black money often move it through underground banking systems or secret foreign bank accounts. The document recommends simplifying tax laws, reducing corruption, and creating public awareness to help address the issues of black markets and money laundering.
Black money
Black money refers to funds generated through illegal activities that are unreported to tax authorities. It exists in cash form and is often stored in secret overseas bank accounts. Common sources of black money include gambling, drug trafficking, tax evasion, and political corruption. India is estimated to have over $1.4 trillion of undisclosed funds stored in Swiss banks alone. Recovering this black money could help fund critical infrastructure and development projects in India. However, its return could also cause economic issues like inflation if not managed properly by the government. Citizens need to actively fight corruption to reduce the generation of new black money.
Regulation on black money- Step in the right direction
The document discusses India's problem with black money and steps the government is taking to address it. It provides background on the historical reasons black money arose in India and how it is generated and moved. Recent government regulations aim to curb both domestic and overseas black money, such as the Black Money Act, tax treaties, mandatory PAN quoting, promoting cashless transactions, and demonetization. While these measures are a step in the right direction, changing public attitude is also needed, as black money is ultimately caused by issues of tax evasion and corruption.
Black money in INDIA
The document discusses black money in India, including its sources, movement, and impact. It states that India has more undeclared black money stored in Swiss banks than any other country, totaling an estimated $1,456 billion. It identifies major sources of black money as gambling, real estate undervaluation, false income statements, drug trafficking, and other illegal activities. Common methods of moving black money include India's hawala system and storing funds in Swiss bank accounts. The consequences of black money include increased poverty, inflation, and reduced economic development. The document advocates for measures like amnesty schemes, tax reform, technology use, and international cooperation to help reduce the generation of black money.
Black money in indian economy
Black money refers to wealth that is unaccounted for and on which taxes have not been paid. It is estimated that over $1.4 trillion in illegal Indian funds are stored in foreign bank accounts and tax havens. The accumulation of black money has significant negative impacts, including less tax revenue for the government, inflation, poverty, corruption, and distorted economic growth. Proposals to reduce black money include penalties, voluntary disclosure programs, international cooperation, and citizens taking personal responsibility by refusing to pay or accept bribes.
Operation of corruption & black mony in indian
This document discusses the nature and causes of corruption and black money in India. It defines corruption as the abuse of public power for private gain. Administrative and political corruption are described. Important causes of corruption in India include changes in ethical values, tolerance of corruption, a large population and illiteracy, complex laws and procedures, self-interested political elites, and low civil servant salaries. The consequences of corruption include lack of quality services, injustice, disrespect for authority, lack of development and decreased foreign investment. Black money is defined as undisclosed income and assets on which taxes have not been paid. Sources of black money and its effects on the economy are outlined. Some major corruption scams in India are briefly described. Remedies to
Indian black money
IN this powerpoint presentation we can know something about indian black money .
and any suggestion please do comment
Black money ppt
Indian black money refers to undisclosed funds and income earned through illegal means that have not been taxed. Estimates suggest over Rs. 7,280,000 crores of Indian money is deposited in foreign banks, especially Swiss banks. While exact numbers are unknown, Swiss banking officials say Indians are among the largest depositors of illegal foreign money in Switzerland. In 2010, India revised tax agreements with Switzerland to facilitate investigations into black money held in Swiss accounts. A whistleblower provided Wikileaks with a list of famous Indians alleged to have stashed money from activities like mining, stock market manipulation, and drug dealing in Swiss banks since the 1970s.
Shadow economies all over the world
This paper estimates the size of shadow economies in 162 countries from 1999 to 2007 using econometric modeling. It finds that on average, the shadow economy accounted for 38.4% of GDP in Sub-Saharan Africa, 36.5% in transition countries in Europe and Central Asia, and 13.5% in high-income OECD countries over this period. Additionally, the authors observe a clear negative trend, with the average shadow economy across all 162 countries declining from 34.0% of GDP in 1999 to 31.0% in 2007, a reduction of 3 percentage points. The main drivers of shadow economic activity are identified as the tax burden, labor market regulations, quality of public services, and conditions in the official economy
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This document discusses the parallel economy and issues surrounding black money in India. It defines the parallel economy as economic activities that are not reported to tax authorities. The document estimates the size of India's parallel economy since 1991 and identifies major sources like corruption, tax evasion, and funding of political parties. Impacts of black money include underestimation of GDP, loss of tax revenue, inflation, and income inequality. The government has taken initiatives like demonetization and voluntary disclosure schemes to curb the parallel economy and black money. Recommendations are made to tax agricultural income, increase use of digital payments, and lower tax rates.
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This document discusses black money in India, including its sources such as illegal activities, movement through hawala systems and Swiss banks, and impact through major scams that have cost India trillions of dollars. It provides details on several large scams like 2G, Coalgate, Commonwealth Games, and IPL and estimates that over 250 scams since 1947 have lost India approximately $20 trillion. It concludes that black money burdens the economy and people through poverty and inflation and that citizens must fight corruption to reduce its creation and impact.
Black money
This document discusses black money in India. It provides information on the sources and movement of black money, including through hawala systems and Swiss banks. Several major scams in India are outlined, totaling an estimated loss of over 20 trillion USD. The 2G spectrum scam under the telecom minister A. Raja and Commonwealth Games scam under Suresh Kalmadi are described in detail. Lastly, the consequences of black money like poverty and reduced development are mentioned, along with measures that could be taken to reduce the impact of black money.
Shadow Economy
The document discusses the shadow economy, which includes legal production of goods and services that are deliberately concealed from authorities. Reasons for participating include avoiding taxes, minimum wages, or administrative procedures. The shadow economy includes monetary transactions like tax evasion, as well as non-monetary transactions like bartering and do-it-yourself work. Causes of the shadow economy include high taxes, regulations, and corruption. The shadow economy impacts equity, market competition, and tax systems. Recommendations to address it include reducing the tax burden, reforming social security systems, making administrations more efficient, and decreasing regulation.
Black money
The document discusses black money in India, which refers to assets that have not been reported to tax authorities. It was generated through illegal means like smuggling or tax evasion, and also legal activities manipulated to avoid taxes. Estimates of black money's size use input-output, monetary circulation, and survey approaches. If black money returns to India, it could reduce fiscal deficits and inflation but also increase inequality and impact banking systems and currency value. The government faces challenges in obtaining details of offshore accounts and assets and ensuring foreign investments are not laundered black money.
Indian black money
Corruption is a serious problem in India, which tops lists for black money worldwide. Several major scams like 2G and Commonwealth Games have involved large amounts of illegally gained money. An estimated 70 lakh crores ($1 trillion) is held in foreign bank accounts, enough to eliminate India's foreign debt or distribute 1 lakh ($1,333) to each of 45 crore poor citizens. Common forms of corruption include fake medicines, tax evasion, judicial corruption, and within the armed forces and media. Citizens can help by educating themselves, distributing information, refusing to pay bribes, and organizing awareness events.
Black Money in India.
Black money refers to funds earned through illegal or underground economic activities that are untaxed. India generates the most black money in the world at $1,456 billion, mostly through corruption, tax evasion, and money laundering. Much of this black money is stored in Swiss bank accounts and moved using hawala networks. Recovering black money could repay India's foreign debt 24 times over and boost the economy tremendously by adding to GDP. However, black money also fuels poverty, inflation, and hinders development. Measures like amnesty schemes, simplifying tax laws, and increasing enforcement could help reduce the generation of black money.
How can we reduce Black Money in India?
How can India tackle the challenge of Black Money. A very easy to understand and yet comprehensive look at the topic.
Do you have difficulty in understanding what is Black Money and what can be done about it? Our experts have simplified the topic for you. Do you find that your friends talk about this topic without understanding the basic? Send them this presentation.
Black Money
Black money refers to funds earned through illegal or underground economic activities that are untaxed. Major sources of black money in India include gambling, tax evasion, drug trafficking, and pirated goods. It is estimated that India has over $1.5 trillion in undeclared funds stashed in Swiss banks alone. Several major scams in India have also involved massive amounts of black money, such as the 2G spectrum scam valued at $1.76 trillion. High tax rates, corruption, lack of transparency, and weak enforcement have allowed black money to flourish in India, with negative economic and social consequences. Measures such as amnesty schemes, simplifying tax laws, international cooperation, and increasing awareness are needed to eliminate the
The Indian Black Money Saga
The document summarizes India's Black Money (Undisclosed Foreign Income & Assets) & Imposition of Tax Act of 2015. It provides a one-time 90-day window for holders of undeclared foreign assets to declare them and pay a 60% tax and penalty. Failure to do so within this timeline will result in additional penalties of 90% for a total tax liability of 120% of undisclosed black money. The government collected Rs. 4,147 crore from 638 disclosures under this compliance window. Going forward, India is working with other countries to exchange tax and financial information in order to crack down on undisclosed wealth held abroad.
Convertibility of Black money to white
Black money refers to untaxed currency from the shadow economy. It is caused by corrupt politicians and bureaucrats, a complex tax structure, overregulation, and criminal activities. The consequences of black money include decreased government revenues, lower quality public services, higher taxes and inflation, and difficulties with monetary and fiscal policy. Controlling black money involves converting it to declared white money through amnesty schemes or demonetizing high-denomination bills. However, preventing black money through tax simplification, fewer regulations, increased banking transactions and oversight is a better long-term solution than temporary conversion measures.
Presentation1
Black money in India accounts for 20% of GDP, estimated at Rs. 500,000 crore or $100 billion annually. This huge sum exceeds the central government's entire budget and is more than twice India's annual exports. Kerosene, an essential commodity for cooking, is often purchased on the black market due to ration card limits not meeting increasing demand. The Hawala scandal in the 1990s was India's first major political corruption case, involving $18 million in alleged bribes to politicians through hawala brokers with possible connections to militant groups in Kashmir.
Tax Fraud research paper
Tax fraud involves deliberately underpaying taxes owed through dishonest means such as underreporting income, overstating deductions, or providing false information. Common methods of tax fraud include suppressing personal expenses, deliberately omitting income from business transactions, making false entries in books to hide unreported income or inflate expenses, and concealing receipt of income by not recording transactions. Large corporations may also commit tax fraud through practices like improper transfer pricing or window dressing financial reports. Individual tax fraud usually stems from rationalizations of high taxes and opportunities created by complex tax systems.
BLACK MARKETING AND BLACK MONEY
This document discusses black markets and black money. It defines a black market as an illegal market where goods and services are traded, such as drugs, slave labor, exotic animals, human organs, and stolen goods. Black money refers to illegally obtained money from activities like drug trafficking, weapons trading, and copyright infringement. The recipients of black money often move it through underground banking systems or secret foreign bank accounts. The document recommends simplifying tax laws, reducing corruption, and creating public awareness to help address the issues of black markets and money laundering.
Black money
Black money refers to funds generated through illegal activities that are unreported to tax authorities. It exists in cash form and is often stored in secret overseas bank accounts. Common sources of black money include gambling, drug trafficking, tax evasion, and political corruption. India is estimated to have over $1.4 trillion of undisclosed funds stored in Swiss banks alone. Recovering this black money could help fund critical infrastructure and development projects in India. However, its return could also cause economic issues like inflation if not managed properly by the government. Citizens need to actively fight corruption to reduce the generation of new black money.
Regulation on black money- Step in the right direction
The document discusses India's problem with black money and steps the government is taking to address it. It provides background on the historical reasons black money arose in India and how it is generated and moved. Recent government regulations aim to curb both domestic and overseas black money, such as the Black Money Act, tax treaties, mandatory PAN quoting, promoting cashless transactions, and demonetization. While these measures are a step in the right direction, changing public attitude is also needed, as black money is ultimately caused by issues of tax evasion and corruption.
Black money in INDIA
The document discusses black money in India, including its sources, movement, and impact. It states that India has more undeclared black money stored in Swiss banks than any other country, totaling an estimated $1,456 billion. It identifies major sources of black money as gambling, real estate undervaluation, false income statements, drug trafficking, and other illegal activities. Common methods of moving black money include India's hawala system and storing funds in Swiss bank accounts. The consequences of black money include increased poverty, inflation, and reduced economic development. The document advocates for measures like amnesty schemes, tax reform, technology use, and international cooperation to help reduce the generation of black money.
Black money in indian economy
Black money refers to wealth that is unaccounted for and on which taxes have not been paid. It is estimated that over $1.4 trillion in illegal Indian funds are stored in foreign bank accounts and tax havens. The accumulation of black money has significant negative impacts, including less tax revenue for the government, inflation, poverty, corruption, and distorted economic growth. Proposals to reduce black money include penalties, voluntary disclosure programs, international cooperation, and citizens taking personal responsibility by refusing to pay or accept bribes.
Operation of corruption & black mony in indian
This document discusses the nature and causes of corruption and black money in India. It defines corruption as the abuse of public power for private gain. Administrative and political corruption are described. Important causes of corruption in India include changes in ethical values, tolerance of corruption, a large population and illiteracy, complex laws and procedures, self-interested political elites, and low civil servant salaries. The consequences of corruption include lack of quality services, injustice, disrespect for authority, lack of development and decreased foreign investment. Black money is defined as undisclosed income and assets on which taxes have not been paid. Sources of black money and its effects on the economy are outlined. Some major corruption scams in India are briefly described. Remedies to
Indian black money
IN this powerpoint presentation we can know something about indian black money .
and any suggestion please do comment
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Regulation on black money- Step in the right direction
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Black money ppt
Indian black money refers to undisclosed funds and income earned through illegal means that have not been taxed. Estimates suggest over Rs. 7,280,000 crores of Indian money is deposited in foreign banks, especially Swiss banks. While exact numbers are unknown, Swiss banking officials say Indians are among the largest depositors of illegal foreign money in Switzerland. In 2010, India revised tax agreements with Switzerland to facilitate investigations into black money held in Swiss accounts. A whistleblower provided Wikileaks with a list of famous Indians alleged to have stashed money from activities like mining, stock market manipulation, and drug dealing in Swiss banks since the 1970s.
Shadow economies all over the world
This paper estimates the size of shadow economies in 162 countries from 1999 to 2007 using econometric modeling. It finds that on average, the shadow economy accounted for 38.4% of GDP in Sub-Saharan Africa, 36.5% in transition countries in Europe and Central Asia, and 13.5% in high-income OECD countries over this period. Additionally, the authors observe a clear negative trend, with the average shadow economy across all 162 countries declining from 34.0% of GDP in 1999 to 31.0% in 2007, a reduction of 3 percentage points. The main drivers of shadow economic activity are identified as the tax burden, labor market regulations, quality of public services, and conditions in the official economy
Informal economy
I presented this subject which is"informal economy" in the Vocational Foreign Language II(Timuçin HÜR) course.(2010-2011,Ege University,Economics)
Parallel economy (economicz)
This document summarizes several studies on the parallel economy and black money in India from the 1950s to 1980s. Key findings include:
- Estimates of black money as a percentage of GNP increased from under 10% in the 1970s to over 50% by the late 1980s, indicating black money was growing faster than the overall economy.
- Different studies using variations of the Kaldor method produced generally consistent estimates of increasing black money over time, though actual amounts varied between studies.
- Higher tax rates, controls on business activities, and ineffective tax enforcement were cited as primary drivers of black money generation.
- Growth of black money was seen as distorting the economy and tax base with
The underground economy 3.0
During this lecture Eddy Willems will give you his view on the latest evolution of the underground economy. Eddy will give you an overview of the main tools used by most cybercriminals. He especially will explain why people always seem to be fooled into
those criminal traps. After the presentation you will have the opportunity to ask any specific question about any aspect in security and especially about the underground economy 3.0.
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More about G DATA Security Summit: https://www.gdatasoftware.com/30ysummit
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Eddy Willems is Security Evangelist at G DATA.
Shadow-Economy-Sörensen
This document provides an abstract and introduction for an article that analyzes the development of shadow economies in Serbia and Kosovo and their connection to political projects. It discusses how shadow economies emerged and consolidated in these areas in connection with politics, conflict, and social transformation. While sources are limited, the phenomenon of illiberal economies coupled with political projects is too important to neglect. The article will explore how considerable shadow economies in Serbia and Kosovo expressed adaptation to global marginalization and provided the basis for alternative political and economic projects, as well as social stratification and change.
Sand na luo zhuang image gallery
International students in Australia live in illegal boarding houses and work more hours than permitted by their visas in order to cut costs, as public transportation expenses and ineligibility for travel concessions strain budgets. Unable to afford regular housing and transportation, many students resort to shadow economy work and accommodations. Petitions to gain travel concessions have not been effective due to small participation. The financial struggles of international students are underrecognized.
Solution for black money
A white paper on eradicating black money and world poverty. It presents a integrated view on black money in real estate, unemployment, poverty, government deficit, corruption, inflation and financial markets and a possible solution through a very simple policy change on how real estate is transacted.
Presentation on Black Money Bill 2015
The document summarizes key aspects of the Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets (Imposition of Tax) Bill, 2015 in India. It discusses (1) the background and objectives of the bill which are to tax undisclosed foreign income and assets and punish those generating illegitimate money, (2) key features of the bill including penalties for concealment of foreign income/assets and criminal liability for tax evasion, and (3) important definitions related to the bill such as "resident", "undisclosed foreign income and asset", and rules around computing total undisclosed income and disallowing expenses/losses against such income.
Financial development and growth
This document summarizes a study on the relationship between financial development and economic growth in emerging market economies. The study uses empirical analysis through fixed effects regression models to examine how various financial development indicators, such as private credit levels, banking system assets, liquid liabilities, and stock market capitalization, impact per capita GDP growth in 27 emerging markets from 1960 to 2011. The results suggest that financial development can promote economic growth through indirect benefits, and several financial indicators were found to have a significant positive relationship with economic growth in the countries studied, including India. However, policies are needed to manage risks from financial openness and ensure credit quality.
Summary of hawala system
The document discusses Hawala, an informal funds transfer system. It provides a brief history of Hawala, noting it originated in India and allows transfer of money without physical movement of funds. The document discusses whether Hawala is legal or illegal, explaining it is illegal in many countries as it can enable money laundering. It then provides details on how Hawala works through a network of brokers to transfer money via promissory notes and settlements without money physically moving.
10 study tips
The document provides tips for effective exam preparation including creating a right time table, thinking big but starting small, focusing during peak concentration times, getting sufficient sleep, avoiding stress, converting worry time to study time, having a proper diet, rewarding yourself, being ready, watching your environment, using a why sheet, prioritizing critical tasks first, and practicing yoga and meditation.
hawala-scam
The document summarizes the Hawala scam of the 1990s in India, one of the country's biggest political scandals. It involved illegal money transfers through hawala brokers and implicated over 115 politicians. Key details include:
- Hawala brokers S.K. Jain and Moolchand Shah's testimony led to unfolding of the scandal and implicated senior politicians like P.V. Narasimha Rao for receiving illegal payments.
- A CBI investigation named over 115 politicians from various parties as having received payments totaling over $18 million, according to the hawala brokers' records, but the courts eventually dismissed the cases due to lack of evidence.
Black money
10 POINT SUMMARY OF THE BLACK MONEY (UNDISCLOSED FOREIGN INCOME AND ASSETS) AND IMPOSITION OF TAX ACT, 2015
Informal sector
Street vending is an important source of livelihood in Hyderabad. The document provides a case study of street vending in Hyderabad, including demographics of vendors such as the majority being male, between 25-35 years old, and having primary level education or less. It describes the products sold, places of residence, storage of unsold goods, and average daily incomes. Vendors purchase goods from wholesale markets and face harassment from police through bribes and confiscation of goods. Consumers appreciate street vendors for saving time and money on purchases.
Demonitisation
This document discusses India's demonetization of 500 and 1000 rupee banknotes in November 2016. It provides background on demonetization, details the announcement and timeline of events. Key points include Prime Minister Modi announcing the withdrawal of the banknotes on November 8th, the process for exchanging the old notes, limits on withdrawals and cash exchanges, exceptions made for certain industries, and both pros and cons of the policy change. The demonetization aimed to curb corruption and black money, but also caused short-term hardship and economic issues as 85% of currency was removed from circulation overnight.
Applications of paralleL processing
This document discusses various applications of parallel processing. It describes how parallel processing is used in numeric weather prediction to forecast weather by processing large amounts of observational data. It is also used in oceanography and astrophysics to study oceans and conduct particle simulations. Other applications mentioned include socioeconomic modeling, finite element analysis, artificial intelligence, seismic exploration, genetic engineering, weapon research, medical imaging, remote sensing, energy exploration, and more. The document also discusses loosely coupled and tightly coupled multiprocessors and the differences between the two approaches.
Demonitisation
The new Rs. 500 and Rs. 2000 currency notes replaced the old notes as part of demonetization. The government faced criticism for the hardship faced by citizens during the currency exchange period. However, the Modi government was praised for taking action against corruption and black money through demonetization. Several methods were used to convert black money into white such as depositing money in others' accounts and paying salaries in advance. It is believed demonetization will boost the economy by reducing corruption, counterfeit money, and inequality in the long run despite short-term inconveniences.
Black Money in India
This presentation summarizes information about black money in India. It reports that India has $1,500 billion in black money stored in Swiss banks, approximately 13 times larger than India's foreign debt. This money could provide $100,000 to 45 crore poor people. However, the Indian government is not aggressively pursuing this money from Swiss banks. Common sources of black money include corruption, tax evasion, and illegal activities. Politicians and government officials are often involved in generating and using black money. It estimates that black money constitutes 30% of India's GDP and outlines some of the largest corruption scams in India. The consequences of black money include increased poverty, inflation, and reduced development. Steps must be taken to reduce corruption
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Parallel economy: Issues and Challenges
This document discusses the parallel economy and issues surrounding black money in India. It defines the parallel economy as economic activities that are not reported to tax authorities. The document estimates the size of India's parallel economy since 1991 and identifies major sources like corruption, tax evasion, and funding of political parties. Impacts of black money include underestimation of GDP, loss of tax revenue, inflation, and income inequality. The government has taken initiatives like demonetization and voluntary disclosure schemes to curb the parallel economy and black money. Recommendations are made to tax agricultural income, increase use of digital payments, and lower tax rates.
Black money by Rizwan manzoor
This document provides an overview of black money in India. It defines black money as money that is not reported to tax authorities and was generated through illegal or illegitimate means. The main sources of black money are identified as crime, corruption, and tax evasion on legitimate business income. Common methods for generating and hiding black money include maintaining parallel accounting books, manipulating financial records and transactions, overstating expenses, and underreporting income or production. Sectors deemed most vulnerable to black money include land and real estate, bullion and jewelry, financial markets, public procurement projects, NGOs, and the large informal cash economy in India.
Parallel economy-2.pptx
The document discusses parallel or black economies, which refers to economic activity that operates outside government regulation and taxation. It provides details on the causes, impacts, and estimates of the size of India's large parallel economy. Some key points are that India's parallel economy is estimated to make up around 50% of GDP, tax evasion and controls/licensing have contributed to its growth, and the government has implemented policies like demonetization and voluntary disclosure schemes to curb the parallel economy.
impact of tax evasion on indian economy.pptx
Tax evasion is a grave problem in India that results in black money and hinders the country's economic development. It occurs through various methods like keeping two sets of books, manipulating sales receipts, funding political parties, and agricultural income misreporting. Tax evasion leads to less tax revenue for the government, poverty, inflation, funds being transferred abroad illegally, and corruption. Preventing tax evasion through lowering tax rates, amnesties, penalties, and simplifying tax laws is important for establishing a more equitable and efficient Indian economy.
Black Economy.pdf
This Presentation was created to delve deeper into the topic of Black Economy, particularly keeping in view the Indian Economy. This topic is of utter importance just because of its ability to generate humongous amount of Revenue for the authorities.
Study on widening of tax base and tackling black money
Study on widening of tax base and tackling black moneyFederation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI)
The issue of widening of tax base of the country has been a subject matter which has received considerable attention of the successive Governments over the years. There has been intense debate on the subject in the recent past also. FICCI has come up with an analysis in the form of a paper titled ‘Widening of tax base and tackling black money’. The document identifies the root causes of generation of black money in India, sectors where black money generation is prevalent and suggestions to uncover the generation, accumulation and distribution of black money within the Indian economy. A copy of the aforesaid study has been submitted to the Revenue Secretary and other officials of the Ministry of Finance.direct tax project - income from capital gains detailed study with illustrati...
This document provides an overview of capital gains taxes in India. It defines key terms like capital asset, transfer, and capital gains. A capital asset is any property held by a taxpayer, excluding some business-related assets. A transfer involves the sale, exchange, or relinquishment of a capital asset. Capital gains are profits made from the transfer of a capital asset. The document discusses the different types of capital assets, what qualifies as a transfer, and how to compute capital gains and losses. It provides examples to illustrate capital gains tax calculations.
BLACK MONEY
1) Black money refers to assets and resources that have not been reported to tax authorities and remain undisclosed. It includes money earned from corrupt activities like bribes.
2) There are four types of economic activities - innovative enterprises that comply with regulations, an informal sector with unreported transactions, an underground economy involving corruption, and an "intellectual corruption" sector that uses policy manipulation.
3) While most money is created through hard work, a small minority owns most wealth through corruption. This diverts resources away from innovation towards speculation.
Tax Fraud
Tax fraud occurs when an individual or entity underreports income or overstates deductions on a tax return to reduce the amount of taxes owed. In India, major areas of tax fraud include falsification of invoices, unreported income, and bribery of tax officials. The Indian government estimates an annual loss of 14 trillion rupees from tax evasion. Recent government efforts to curb fraud include new laws targeting undisclosed foreign assets, a proposed nationwide goods and services tax, and increased use of technology in tax administration. However, tax fraud remains a significant problem in India due to complex tax laws, weak enforcement, and corruption. Simplification of the tax system and improved monitoring are needed to further reduce the prevalence of tax evasion.
The implications that the presence of a large informal sector has on business...
This document discusses the implications of a large informal sector on business and enterprise development in Albania. It defines the informal economy as unreported economic activity undertaken to evade taxes or regulations. The informal sector provides employment but reduces tax revenues and creates unfair competition. While reforms have reduced barriers, the informal sector remains significant in Albania's economy. Reducing regulations and the tax burden could help formalize more economic activity and improve data on the actual size of the informal sector.
Black Money & Demonetization
Policy measures to be taken to empower the Demonetization decision by India for effective eradication of Black Money - applicable to emerging as well as developed economies
MACROECONOMIC (roles of government)
The document discusses the economic functions of governments and the role they play in ensuring stability and economic growth. It outlines several key functions including adjusting resource allocation, assisting the private sector with stabilization, creating a business environment, redistributing income, and providing a legal framework. It also discusses national budgets, types of budgets (balanced, surplus, deficit), sources of government revenue (taxes, non-tax revenues), objectives and types of taxation (direct, indirect), and categories of government expenditure (operating, development).
Whitening black money: Tax evasion & avoidance
This document summarizes Bangladesh's laws around black money and tax evasion. It discusses how Bangladesh enacted its first Anti-Money Laundering Act in 2002 but did not make money laundering an offense until 2008. Since then, over $10 million USD of untaxed money has returned to Bangladesh under periodic tax amnesty laws. These laws allow untaxed money held abroad to be "whitened" by paying a 10% tax and investing in the country. However, critics argue this actively encourages corruption and money laundering by legitimizing illegally obtained funds. The document concludes there are still gaps in addressing tax evasion and predicate offenses that fuel money laundering.
Government Tackles Tax Evasion
The document discusses government efforts to tackle tax evasion in the United States. It mentions that many U.S. citizens disagree with tax rates and use legal tax avoidance strategies or illegal tax evasion strategies to pay less in taxes. The Panama Papers leak revealed offshore companies being used to hide wealth and suspicious transactions from tax authorities. As a result, the U.S. Justice Department is reviewing documents from the leak to investigate potential prosecutions for tax evasion or corruption.
Black economy
The parallel economy refers to unreported income from legal or illegal activities to avoid taxes. This includes undeclared income from businesses, property transactions, or corruption where taxes are not paid. A parallel economy exists due to ineffective tax enforcement, high tax rates, money laundering, and involvement of officials in corruption. It results in lost tax revenue, inaccurate GDP estimates, unequal wealth distribution, and investment in unproductive assets. The government has implemented various acts and schemes like demonetization and voluntary disclosures to reduce the parallel economy.
Fiscal policy of Pakistan 2013
The document discusses Pakistan's fiscal policy. It notes that fiscal policy involves the government using tax revenue and public expenditures to achieve economic objectives like growth and stability. However, Pakistan has faced fiscal deficits in recent years due to high non-development spending on areas like defense and debt interest. This is compounded by a lower tax collection as a result of tax evasion and lower industrial productivity. To improve its fiscal position, Pakistan needs measures like increasing tax rates, broadening the tax base, and reducing non-essential expenditures.
losing_out_-_sierra_leone_report_tax_incentives_08_apr_14
The document summarizes that Sierra Leone is losing massive tax revenues due to tax incentives granted by the government, which undermines its ability to fund development priorities. Some key points:
- Tax incentives granted to the mining sector have caused a huge rise in revenue losses since 2009, estimated at Le 966.6 billion (US$224 million) in 2012 alone, equivalent to 8.3% of GDP.
- Revenue losses from tax incentives are far greater than what the government spends on development priorities like health, education and agriculture. In 2012, tax expenditures amounted to 59% of the entire government budget.
- The tax incentives lack transparency and parliamentary scrutiny, and it is unclear if they are effectively attract
Lurking in the Shadows: The informal sector and government policy
This paper develops a dynamic model to analyze how government tax policies influence the size of the informal sector in an economy. The model shows that the informal sector naturally declines as an economy grows and transitions towards steady state. Simulation results find that reducing tax rates is the best policy for decreasing the size of the informal sector while also increasing overall output and standards of living. Increasing enforcement alone has a minimal effect, but raising penalties along with enforcement can also reduce informal sector size. The existence of an informal sector slightly reduces steady state capital and output, but actually increases steady state utility levels by allowing for higher consumption.
The BMR View UnFINA & Money Laundering In India
While a lot has been said and written about Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets (Imposition of Tax) Bill (UnFINA) over the last few days, most of this is based on the bill’s sections, directives and penalties, as cleared by the Cabinet. The conversations around UnFINA have been relegated to the number of years of imprisonment, fines and percentage of penalties. In our view this has led to a case of missing the forest for the trees. I look forward to your inputs on the proposed law and its effects on the general politico-economic environment in India
The BMR View - Black Money Act (2015
While a lot has been said and written about The Black Money Bill (2015) over the last few months, most of this is based on the bill’s sections, directives and penalties, as cleared by the Cabinet. The conversations around this bill have been relegated to the number of years of imprisonment, fines and percentage of penalties. In our view this has led to a case of missing the forest for the trees.
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losing_out_-_sierra_leone_report_tax_incentives_08_apr_14
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Black economy 03
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