Bitcoin was developed in 2009 as a peer-to-peer electronic cash system without a central bank. It can be obtained through mining or in exchange for other currencies and products. Approximately 11 million bitcoins have been mined out of a total of 21 million that will eventually be created. While it offers advantages like independence from governments and anonymity, it also poses risks like lack of regulation, price volatility, and use for illegal activities. China recently banned bitcoin trading at major exchanges in the country.