One of the Indonesian goals is to reach 23% of renewable energy share in 2025. It is mentioned in the national energy general (RUEN) that Indonesia has the potential for renewable energy about 443.208MW. However, only about 2% has been utilized. These are caused by several reasons such as lack of land, high investment costs, and lack of information or research in their field. As the capital city of Indonesia, the provincial government of DKI Jakarta is certainly in the spotlight regarding climate change and pollution. Efforts were also made to reduce emissions. For example, the Low Emission Zone (LEZ) policy began to be implemented in Kota Tua starting in February 2021. This is one of the efforts to reduce emissions in the cultural heritage area of the old city and make the area cleaner. For this reason, this initial research is expected to help the development of science, especially floating photovoltaic in the water surface area which is not large enough. With the existence of floating photovoltaic, the DKI Provincial Government and PT. KAI can participate in utilizing new renewable energy. In addition, floating photovoltaic can also be an attraction. and can also be an education for the community, especially for tourists visiting the Kota Tua which is one of the tourist attractions in Jakarta. The result shows that the Kota Tua river potential is about 8.4MW which spread in rivers along the Kota Tua area.

1. Floating Photovoltaic in Kota Tua Jakarta
Dianing Novita Nurmala Putri1 a)
, Syamsir Abduh1, b)
and Tyas Kartika Sari1, c)
1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia
a)
dianingnovita@trisakti.ac.id
b)
syamsir@trisakti.ac.id
c)
tyas.kartika@trisakti.ac.id
Abstract. One of the Indonesian goals is to reach 23% of renewable energy share in 2025. It is mentioned in the national energy
general (RUEN) that Indonesia has the potential for renewable energy about 443.208MW. However, only about 2% has been
utilized. These are caused by several reasons such as lack of land, high investment costs, and lack of information or research in
their field. As the capital city of Indonesia, the provincial government of DKI Jakarta is certainly in the spotlight regarding climate
change and pollution. Efforts were also made to reduce emissions. For example, the Low Emission Zone (LEZ) policy began to be
implemented in Kota Tua starting in February 2021. This is one of the efforts to reduce emissions in the cultural heritage area of
the old city and make the area cleaner. For this reason, this initial research is expected to help the development of science, especially
floating photovoltaic in the water surface area which is not large enough. With the existence of floating photovoltaic, the DKI
Provincial Government and PT. KAI can participate in utilizing new renewable energy. In addition, floating photovoltaic can also
be an attraction. and can also be an education for the community, especially for tourists visiting the Kota Tua which is one of the
tourist attractions in Jakarta. The result shows that the Kota Tua river potential is about 8.4MW which spread in rivers along the
Kota Tua area.
INTRODUCTION
High pollution is one of the problem in the capital city of DKI Jakarta. To be able to reduce pollution and the
effects of greenhouse gases, one way is to use environmentally friendly energy sources. Floating Photovoltaic is a
technology that is not fairly new and has begun to be widely used in various parts of the world. This can answer land
problems that often arise in the installation of solar power plants. Especially in densely populated areas like DKI
Jakarta. The purpose of this study is to examine the potential of floating photovoltaic in the Old City of Jakarta. This
research is expected to be useful for the DKI Provincial Government in understanding the potential of surface water
for the placement of renewable energy and participating in reducing emissions by utilizing environmentally friendly
energy.
Several studies have been conducted, such as implementation for pump storage [1], the combined use of Floating
PV with hydrogen for electricity [2] and use for irrigation purposes [3] However, one of the important things that must
be considered in designing a floating photovoltaic is the placement procedure, cooling system, and also tracking [4].
In addition, [5] also revealed that the use of floating photovoltaic without tracking shows that energy production and
decreased evaporation rate are affected by latitude and weather conditions. And provides a quantitative advantage in
terms of energy and water. In addition, the unique floating photovoltaic design can also be a special attraction for
tourists. Especially in the Kota Tua area, a cultural heritage area which is one of the tourist attractions in Jakarta.
Starting with determining the location of the floating photovoltaic installation, then using the help of the Helioscope
application, start with the calculating the solar potential in the water surface area in the Kota Tua area. After the data
is complete, calculations and simulations can be carried out to determine the best design for floating photovoltaic.
Kota Tua Jakarta or Old Batavia is a special area which has an area of about 1.3 square kilometers across North
Jakarta, West Jakarta (Pinangsia, Taman Sari and Roa Malaka) which can be seen in Figure 1.

2. FIGURE 1. Kota Tua Area Map
Inside the Kota Tua, there are several rivers which some are connected each other and some not. This study focus
on the rivers inside the red line which can be describe as Kota Tua area. The area is unique which located in west
Jakarta and part of the area is the sea.
METHOD
The first step is to do a literature study for floating photovoltaic and implementation, then the survey is needed to collect the
data, such as location, water position, irradiance, and environmental condition. After that, the simulation can be done. Finally, the
result is expected to be guidance for the related parties.
FIGURE 2. Kota Tua Area Map
In section A, there are two rivers, krukut and also ciliwung. Ciliwung rivers located around jayakarta and museum
bahari. In section B, from Ancol to Mangga dua. Section C, rivers along Pademangan area.
HELIOSCOPE SIMULATION
Helioscope is one of the web based tools to design PV systems. One of the advantages is it able to do simulation
in exact location and condition. There is also shadding simulation or keepout which can be drawn based on the real
situation.

3. The simulation is for all rivers inside the Kota Tua Area. In Area A, there are two rivers that is considered in this
study Ciliwung and Krukut rivers. Ciliwing rivers start from the museum bahari area to Jayakarta. Figure 3 shows the
simulation done in area a.
FIGURE 3. Helioscope Simulation in Area a, b, and c
The shading simulation also done by adding trees along the rivers based on the real simulation. Its is assumed
that the photovoltaic used is 335Wp.
FIGURE 4. one of river side inside Kota Tua area.
Basically the condition of the rivers is clean. However, one of the biggest problem is the shadding caused by
trees. In some area, along the rivers is full with housing, but in other part, only for pedestrian or an empty space.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Monthly Production
Based on the coordinates of the location where the solar installation will be carried out, namely
6.126993408787158, 106.80988923929883, it can be seen that the data obtained from the NASA database are seen in
Figure 3. In this study, it is assume to use 335Wp PV.

4. FIGURE 3. Monthly Production
From Figure 3, it can be seen that the daily radiation in the area reaches more than 5 kWh/m2/day while the highest
brightness level is close to 0.6 on a scale of 0 to 1. This proves that the level of solar sources or solar energy potential
in the area is quite good. However, to design solar panel energy, it must be ensured that the sun is not blocked by
buildings or others.
FIGURE 4. PV Monthly Production
Based on the analysis of the map of the old city area, there are river flows that can be floated by Photovoltaic.
However, this must be further proven by looking at the actual condition of the area. As an initial study, the monthly
PV output production is ranging start from above 500.000kWh to more than 1000.000kWh from January to December.
Table 1 shows the simulation result for area A, B, and C.
TABLE 1. Simulation Result
Area Total Module (Pcs) Max PV Output (kWp) Area (m2
)
Area A 6691 2307.6 35555.8
Area B 13640 4569.4 29545.8
Area C 3868 1295.9 14072.8
Total rivers area that can be installed in Kota Tua area is about 79174.4m2
where the highest number PV that can be
installed is in area B about 13640 module with maximum output around 4MW. And in Area C only 2868pcs PV modul
that can be installed with total area of 14072.8m2
and PV Output 1295.9kWp.
System Losses
By using helioscope it can shows the system losses. Figure 5 shows the system losses of the simulation where the
highest losses accure because of the temperature, followed by shading, reflection, mismatch, and soiling. The total
losses of the system reach 23.8%.
0,00
1,00
2,00
3,00
4,00
5,00
6,00
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
Daily
Radiation
(kWh/m2/day)
Clearness
Index
Clearness Index Daily Radiation

5. FIGURE 5. System Losses
Unfortunetly one of the weakness of heliscope is there is no option of floating PV. Thus, losses such as tempretaure
and soiling migh result unaccurate.
CONCLUSION
Based on the study, it shows that in Kota Tua Area, there is 8.2 MW potency for floating photovoltaic with Annual
Production 11.27 GWh by installing 24199pcs Modul 335Wp in total 79174.4m2
area. However, This more analysis
should be done in the system design.
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