DEFINITION,DIFFERENT TYPES,APPLICATIONS & USES

1. BIOMETRICS
PRESENTED BY:
RACHIT SRIVASTAVA

2. WHAT IS BIOMETRICS?
 The term 'biometrics' refers strictly speaking to a science
involving the statistical analysis of biological
characteristics .
 A biometric is a unique, measurable characteristic or trait
of a human being for automatically recognizing or
verifying identity."

3. FEATURES :-
 Automated method
 Pattern recognition system
 Specific physiological or behavioral characteristics

4. WHY BIOMETRICS?
 To prevent stealing of possessions that mark the
authorised person's identity e.g. security badges, licenses,
or properties
 To prevent fraudulent acts like faking ID badges or
licenses.
 To ensure safety and security, thus decrease crime rates

5. BIOMETRIC SYSTEM
 Data Collection
 Transmission
 Signal Processing
 Data Storage
 Decision

6. BIOMETRIC MODEL :-

8. HOW BIOMETRIC WORKS
 The hardware captures the salient human
characteristic
 The software interprets the resulting data and
determines acceptability.

9. CHARACTERISTICS USED
• Fingerprints
• Voiceprints
• Facial features
• Writing patterns
• Iris patterns
• Hand geometry

10. FINGERPRINT
 Traditional finger scanning technique analysis of
small unique marks of the finger image known as
minutiae. The relative position of minutiae is used
for comparison, because no fingers have identical
prints, even from the same person or identical
twins .
 Fingerprint matching techniques can be placed
into two categories:
 a) minutiae based b) correlation based

11. FINGERPRINT
 Finger-scan biometrics is based on the distinctive
characteristics of the human fingerprint
 A fingerprint image is read from a capture device
 Features are extracted from the image
 A template is created for comparison

12. PROCESS
INPUT DECODING
DECISION

13. STAGES
 Fingerprint Scanning
 Fingerprint Matching
 Identification

14. FINGERPRINT SCANNING
 It’s the acquisition and recognition of a
person’s fingerprint characteristics for
identification purposes

15. FINGERPRINT

16. FINGERPRINT EXTRACTION AND MATCHING

17. IRIS SCAN :-
EYE
 internal parts of human eye are very well protected the sight
being the most important sensor, the biometric data is also
safe and immune to degradation in normal life on the
contrary to more external parts like fingertips .
 They can be divided in two specific technologies:
examination of iris and retina patterns.

18. IRIS
Visually examined iris is the colored ring of textured
tissue that surrounds the pupil of the eye as shown.
The iris consists largely of a system of muscle that expand
and contract the pupil in response to changing lighting
conditions. After taking a picture of the eye, the system
samples the radial and angular variations of each
individual iris to form an Iris Code, a digital file that
serves as a reference in database.

19. IRIS RECOGNITION
 Pattern recognition technique
 Identification by mathematical analysis of the
random patterns.
 Based upon the qualities of the Iris
 No two iris are same.

20. IRIS SYTEM
Uniform
distributio Stored
n templates
Reject
Pre Feature- Identificatio
processing extraction n
Verification
Iris scan image Accept
Iris Iris code
capture comparison
localization

21. IRIS CODE
 Localization of inner and outer boundaries
 Pattern of 512 bytes
 Complete and Compact description
 More complete than features of DNA

22. IRIS SCAN
 Camera at close proximity
 Captures photograph
 Uses Infra red light to illuminate
 High resolution photograph

23. IRIS SCAN IMAGE

24. AVIATION – IRIS DEVICES

25. FACE :-
 Face recognition technologies analyze the unique
shape, pattern and positioning of facial features
 Face recognition is very complex technology and
largely software based. Artificial intelligence is used to
simulate human interpretation of faces. The problem
with human face is that people do change over time;
wrinkles, beard, glasses and position of the head can
affect the performance considerably.
 There are essentially two methods of capture: using
video or thermal imaging.

27. HAND GEOMETRY :-
 When measuring hand geometry biometrics, three-
dimensional image of the hand is taken and the shape
and length of fingers and knuckles are measured.
 The technology does not achieve the highest levels of
accuracy but it is convenient and fast to use. On the
capture process a user places a hand on the reader,
aligning fingers with specially positioned guides.

28. COMPARISON
Biometric Type Accuracy Ease of Use User Acceptance
Fingerprint High Medium Low
Hand Geometry Medium High Medium
Voice Medium High High
Retina High Low Low
Iris Medium Medium Medium
Signature Medium Medium High
Face Low High High

29. APPLICATIONS :-
 CYBER SECURITY –
Cyber security has been built- in
signature security management features of Adobe
Acrobat software. This software enables the
handwritten signature to be included as an electronic
signature in any Acrobat portable document format
(PDF) file on the web .
 BIOMETRIC SMART CARD –
The information stored in the card is
protected by circuits inside the card that perform
encryption/decryption of the data in the card.

30. BIOMETRIC CELLULARS –
Fujistu microelectronics has
developed an innovative fingerprint identification
system that combines sweep sensor technology with
advanced algorithms to provide a powerful,
dependable, easy-to-use authentication for PDAs, cell
phones, and other mobile devices. The sensor measure
just 1.28x0.20cm and is powered by sophisticated
algorithms that generate unique minutiae templates
that correspond to specific fingerprint features. A
single fingerprint sweep across the sensor capture
fingerprint feature to rapidly authenticate user of cell
phones and PDAs.

31. FUTURE BIOMETRICS :-
 a) DNA SCANNING
 b) EAR SHAPE
 c) KEYSTROKE DYNAMIC SCANNING
 d) VEINCHECK

32. REFERENCES
 www.biometix.com
 www.biomet.org
 www.owlinvestigation.com
 www.ddl.ision.co.uk
 www.zdnetindia.com/techzone/resources
 www.biodata.com.au

33. THANK YOU