The document summarizes the major biomes found around the world, including tundra, coniferous forest, temperate deciduous forest, tropical rainforest, and tropical deciduous forest. Tundra is found in Arctic and alpine regions with low precipitation and treeless vegetation like lichens, mosses, and grasses. Coniferous forests lie south of tundra regions and contain evergreen trees like pines and firs. Temperate deciduous forests are located at mid-latitudes and have broad-leaf trees like oak and birch that lose their leaves seasonally. Tropical rainforests near the equator have high precipitation and biodiversity, while tropical deciduous forests in India have a

1. BIOMES

2. TUNDRA= Arctic & Alpine
◦ 60 degree North Latitude
◦ Perma Forests- snow and ice land
◦ Precipitation- below 25cm
◦ Tree-less area (no shrubs and trees beyond
timber line), so also called as Arctic Desert.
◦ Vegetation- Lichen
- Mosses
- grasses
◦ Animals- Fox
- Reindeer
- Polar bears This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
Arctic Tundra Alpine Tundra

3. Coniferous
◦ Also known as Needle leaf
forest/Tiaga/North-wood forest
◦ Situated in the south of tundra
◦ Precipitation- 50-170cm
◦ Temperature- 6-20 degrees (in Celsius)
◦ Its’s an Evergreen Forest. Leaves persist for
6-7 years.
◦ Vegetation- Pines
- Silver fil
- Maple
◦ Animals- Deer
- Rabbit
- Snakes and lizards
- Insects

4. Temprate
◦ Deciduous Forests
◦ Broad Leaf Forest
◦ 40`- 60` North Latitude
◦ Precipitation- 100-250cm
◦ Leaves shed in autumn and grows in in
spring again.
◦ Vegetation- Oak
- Birch
- Maple
◦ Animals- deer, rabbit, fox, snakes, lizards,
frog. salamander

5. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
Birch trees
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY
Maple tree

6. Tropical Rain Forests
◦ Lies on equatorial plane
◦ Precipitation- 200-300cm
◦ India- Assam, West Bengal, Kerala
◦ Richest in flora & fauna cause climate is
warm and humid.
◦ Vegetation- parasites like Cuscuta,
Santalum (Chandan), Viscum, Rafflesia.
Saprophytes like Monotrapa (Indian pipe)
Monotrapa
Cuscutta

7. Tropical Deciduous Forests
◦ India- Northern and Southern parts in
plains.
◦ Precipitation- 90-160cm
◦ Leaves fall before summer
◦ Vegetation- Sal, Teak, Tendu, Chiraungi,
khair.
Moist Deciduous Forests
Dry Deciduous Forests

8. credentials
◦ Temperate deciduous forest photos are by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
◦ Tropical rain forest photos are by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY
◦ Cuscutta by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA