Biomaterials are advanced materials utilized for diagnosing, repairing, or enhancing human tissues and organs, categorized into metals, inorganic compounds, and organic polymers. These materials must possess biological functionality, biocompatibility, chemical stability, and machinability for applications in artificial joints and cardiovascular systems. Specific examples include medical-grade metals for implants and bioceramics that bond with bone tissue, contributing significantly to medical procedures like valve replacements.

1. Alfa Chemistry
Biomaterials

2. Biomaterials are a class of high-tech materials used to diagnose,
repair, or enhance their function in human tissues and organs, that
is, natural or man-made materials used to replace and repair living
tissues, and their effects are irreplaceable. Biomaterials can perform,
enhance, or replace a function that is lost due to illness, injury, and
so on, but can not restore a defective site.

3. Category
Metal materials
Such as alkali metals and their alloys
Inorganic materials
Such as bioactive ceramics and hydroxyapatite
Organic materials
Organic materials are mainly polymer aggregate materials. According to
the material properties, polymer materials are usually divided into
synthetic materials and natural macromolecules. According to the usage
of materials, polymer materials can be divided into bioinertmaterial,
bioactive material and biodegradable material.

4. Characteristics
Biological
functionality
Biocompatibility Chemical
stability
Machinability

5. Characteristics
Functionality refers to a series of properties
that a biological material should possess or
complete with a corresponding biological
function. For example, as a slow release drug,
drug release performance is its biological
functionality.
01
Biocompatibility can be summarized as the
relationship between material and living body,
including blood compatibility and
histocompatibility such as non-toxic, non-
carcinogenic and no immune rejection.).
02
Resistant to biological aging
(particularly stable) or biodegradable
(controlled degradation).
Machinability means that
the material can be
molded and disinfected.
03
04
Biological
functionality
Biocompatibility
Chemical
stability
Machinability

6. Applications
Artificial
joints
Cardiovascular
system
Excellent biomedical metal materials include medical stainless steel, cobalt-
based alloys, titanium and titanium alloys, nickel-titanium shape memory
alloys, precious metals such as gold and silver, amalgams, niobium, tantalum
and other metals and alloys.

7. Soft tissue materials
Soft tissue materials are primarily used as materials for soft
tissues, especially for membranes and tubes of artificial organs.
Polyethylene film can be used to make artificial lungs, kidneys,
and the like. Polyester fibers can be used to make blood
vessels, peritoneum, and the like.
Hard tissue materials
Hard tissue materials including acrylic polymer silicone
rubber can be used to make artificial bones and artificial
joints.
Degradable materials
Degradable material means that the aliphatic polyester
has biodegradability and has been used for acceptable
surgical sutures.
Applications
Biomedical polymers

8. After the bioceramic is implanted into the living body, the
antelope apatite layer can be formed on the surface of the
tissue, so it can be used for artificially implanting roots,
crowns, bone filling materials and coating materials.
Bioceramics
Bioglass can be implanted into the bone defect of the
human body. It can directly bind to the bone tissue and
repair the bone tissue and restore its function.
Bioglass
Medical carbon materials are relatively stable in
physiological environments and have been widely used for
the repair of cardiovascular systems, such as artificial heart
valves and artificial blood vessels. It can also be used as a
coating material for metals and polymers.
Carbon materials
Applications

9. Example
In the United States, 45% of the 250,000 valve replacement
procedures performed annually involve a mechanical valve
implant. The most widely used valve is a bileaflet disc heart
valve, or St. Jude valve. The mechanics involve two
semicircular discs moving back and forth, with both
allowing the flow of blood as well as the ability to form a
seal against backflow. The valve is coated with pyrolytic
carbon, and secured to the surrounding tissue with a mesh
of woven fabric called Dacron. The mesh allows for the
body's tissue to grow while incorporating the valve.
Heart valves

10. Example
In the United States, 45% of the 250,000 valve replacement
procedures performed annually involve a mechanical valve
implant. The most widely used valve is a bileaflet disc heart
valve, or St. Jude valve. The mechanics involve two
semicircular discs moving back and forth, with both
allowing the flow of blood as well as the ability to form a
seal against backflow. The valve is coated with pyrolytic
carbon, and secured to the surrounding tissue with a mesh
of woven fabric called Dacron. The mesh allows for the
body's tissue to grow while incorporating the valve.
Heart valves

11. Information
Email
info@alfa-chemistry.com
Address
2200 Smithtown Avenue, Room 1
Ronkonkoma, NY 11779-7329
USA
Telephone
1-201-478-8534
1-516-662-5404
Fax
1-516-927-0118

12. 汇报人：图网