Biodiesel is an alternative fuel similar to conventional or 'fossil' diesel. Biodiesel can be produced from straight vegetable oil, animal oil/fats, tallow and waste cooking oil. The process used to convert these oils to Biodiesel is called transesterification. This process is described in more detail below
General introduction of Biorefineries.
Some research papers to support my study on biorefineries.
Classification of biorefinery systems in four main features.
The economic viability of Biorefinery systems.
Environmental impacts of biorefinery systems.
Biorefinery prospects in India.
Merits and Demerits of these systems.
Applicability of biorefineries.
Figures show the process of biorefinery, Concept, conceptual biorefinery, a schematic diagram of classification, biorefinery model, etc.
Biodiesel is an alternative fuel similar to conventional or 'fossil' diesel. Biodiesel can be produced from straight vegetable oil, animal oil/fats, tallow and waste cooking oil. The process used to convert these oils to Biodiesel is called transesterification. This process is described in more detail below
General introduction of Biorefineries.
Some research papers to support my study on biorefineries.
Classification of biorefinery systems in four main features.
The economic viability of Biorefinery systems.
Environmental impacts of biorefinery systems.
Biorefinery prospects in India.
Merits and Demerits of these systems.
Applicability of biorefineries.
Figures show the process of biorefinery, Concept, conceptual biorefinery, a schematic diagram of classification, biorefinery model, etc.
Review of latest Microalgae Biofuel ResearchFarid MUSA
Review presentation of biofuels based on microalgae with focus on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The presentation includes microalgal biomass production process and the latest research on C. reinhardtii organisms such as genome and genetic engineering.
Might be interesting for students and others who are interested in microalgal biofuels.
Zero waste water treatment and biofuel productioniqraakbar8
A number of studies have reported successful cultivation of several species of microalgae such as Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Phormidium, Botryococcus, Chlamydomonas, and Arthrospira for wastewater treatment and the efficacy of this method is promising
Efficient Use of Cesspool and Biogas for Sustainable Energy Generation: Recen...BRNSS Publication Hub
Biogas from biomass appears to have potential as an alternative energy source, which is potentially rich
in biomass resources. This is an overview of some salient points and perspectives of biogas technology.
The current literature is reviewed regarding the ecological, social, cultural, and economic impacts of
biogas technology. This article gives an overview of present and future use of biomass as an industrial
feedstock for the production of fuels, chemicals, and other materials. However, to be truly competitive
in an open market situation, higher value products are required. Results suggest that biogas technology
must be encouraged, promoted, invested, implemented, and demonstrated, but especially in remote rural
areas
Biofuel, any fuel that is derived from biomass—that is, plant or algae material or animal waste. Since such feedstock material can be replenished readily, biofuel is considered to be a source of renewable energy, unlike fossil fuels such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas.
You can understand about-
What is Bio Fuel?
Why we use it?
Examples of Bio Fuel.
Life cycle & Classification of Bio Fuel.
Current States of Bio Fuel.
Future of it.
Disadvantages of Bio Fuel.
The topic is captioned as Green genes- a promising fuel source for future..the ppt describes about biofuel and its forms..mainly focused on biodiesel and its present status, applications etc.,
Introduction
Evolution of biofuels
Biofuel production methods
Target areas for biotechnological interventions
Current research and developments
Success stories
Applications
Future line
Summary
Conclusion
Green genes
Green genes- plants and algae
Hydrocarbons, polysaccharides and triacylglycerides -precursors for biofuel
Biofuel
From renewable biological processes
Forms of biofuel:
Biodiesel
Bioethanol
Biomethane
Biohydrogen
Biodegradable and ecofriendly
Major sources- plants and algae
Evolution of biofuel
Biomethane
Agricultural waste, manure, plant material, green waste, etc.
Anaerobic digestion
Cooking
Compressed biomethane - vehicle
Biohydrogen
Source - algal biomass
Biological process – fermentation
Organic acid as substrate – higher fermentation rate
Fuel for vehicles
Bioethanol from lignocellulose biomass
Presence of lignin in vascular tissue - barrier
Enzymatic digestion of lignin - improve plant carbohydrate production
Genes encoding enzymes hydroxyphyl (H), guaiacyl (G) and syringyl (S) - building blocks of lignin
Antisense constructs to knock out genes encoding enzymes
…bioethanol from lignocellulose biomass
Mature stem harvested - late flowering stage
Plants with least lignin have high carbohydrate level
Hydroxycinnamoyl - highly contributes for lignin blocking than enzymes like C 3-H and C 4-H
C 4H : Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase
HCT : Shikimate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase
C 3-H : Coumaroyl shikimate 3-hydroxylase
CCoAOMT : Caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase
F 5-H: Ferulate 5-hydroxylase
COMT: Caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase
Higher saccharification efficiency - transgenic lines
Pathway - conserved across plant kingdom
Targeted genes - candidate genes for improving saccharification in bioenergy crops like jatropha, switchgrass etc.
Biodiesel from algal biomass
Photosynthetic, heterotrophic organisms
Potential for cultivation as energy crops
Microalgal species with oil content
Why microalgae than plants?
More oil yield
Small area of land
Lesser need of labour, nutrients and water
Grow rapidly with high solar energy conversion efficiency
Wider adaptability
Current research and developments
Offshore Membrane Enclosure for Growing Algae (OMEGA) system
Success stories
Applications
Microalgal applications for biofuel productionSAIMA BARKI
Finding alternate to fossil fuels and 21st century,,
The use of microalgae as an alternate for fossil fuel, need of hour not because of political concerns but because required for the food security of next generations.
Significance of Bio-fuel in Aspect of BangladeshThought Maker
This presentation will present a brief concept of bio-fuel from very primary ideas to latest processing methods applicable in successive biofuel production
Market Research Report : Biofuels Market in China 2010Netscribes, Inc.
For the complete report, get in touch with us at : info@netscribes.com
The China biofuels market, which includes bioethanol and biodiesel, is estimated to reach a production capacity of 10 mn and 2 mn tones by 2020 respectively. Biofuels has huge growth potential in China. Recently, domestic and foreign players have formed joint ventures to start developing second generation biofuels. The government is taking initiatives by investing in the development of marginal land on which non food crops can be grown for the production of biofuels. Demand for clean energy sources along with government’s support will drive the biofuels market in China.
The report begins with an introduction of biofuels market indicating different types of biofuels and its respective feedstocks. This is followed by an overview of the bioethanol and biodiesel market including its production capacity and different available feedstocks used for the same. It further talks about the development of second generation biofuels i.e. cellulosic ethanol.
An analysis of drivers explain factors contributing to the growth of biofuels market including depleting and dependency on oil reserves, rising automotive sector, degradation of environment, international partnerships and social impact. The key challenges identified include scarcity of land and water, and food security. Government initiatives have been discussed indicating the subsidies being given to develop the biofuel market.
Competition section provides brief profiles of major domestic and foreign players in the market. The section contains a snapshot of their corporation, financial performance and business highlights, providing an insight into the existing competitive scenario.
Promoviendo una educación multicultural e interdisciplinar: Químicos Británic...Cátedra Banco Santander
Contribución en la XI Jornada de Buenas Prácticas en la docencia universitaria con apoyo de TIC celebrada en formato online el 25 de noviembre de 2020 y organizada por la Cátedra Banco Santander de la Universidad de Zaragoza.
Review of latest Microalgae Biofuel ResearchFarid MUSA
Review presentation of biofuels based on microalgae with focus on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The presentation includes microalgal biomass production process and the latest research on C. reinhardtii organisms such as genome and genetic engineering.
Might be interesting for students and others who are interested in microalgal biofuels.
Zero waste water treatment and biofuel productioniqraakbar8
A number of studies have reported successful cultivation of several species of microalgae such as Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Phormidium, Botryococcus, Chlamydomonas, and Arthrospira for wastewater treatment and the efficacy of this method is promising
Efficient Use of Cesspool and Biogas for Sustainable Energy Generation: Recen...BRNSS Publication Hub
Biogas from biomass appears to have potential as an alternative energy source, which is potentially rich
in biomass resources. This is an overview of some salient points and perspectives of biogas technology.
The current literature is reviewed regarding the ecological, social, cultural, and economic impacts of
biogas technology. This article gives an overview of present and future use of biomass as an industrial
feedstock for the production of fuels, chemicals, and other materials. However, to be truly competitive
in an open market situation, higher value products are required. Results suggest that biogas technology
must be encouraged, promoted, invested, implemented, and demonstrated, but especially in remote rural
areas
Biofuel, any fuel that is derived from biomass—that is, plant or algae material or animal waste. Since such feedstock material can be replenished readily, biofuel is considered to be a source of renewable energy, unlike fossil fuels such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas.
You can understand about-
What is Bio Fuel?
Why we use it?
Examples of Bio Fuel.
Life cycle & Classification of Bio Fuel.
Current States of Bio Fuel.
Future of it.
Disadvantages of Bio Fuel.
The topic is captioned as Green genes- a promising fuel source for future..the ppt describes about biofuel and its forms..mainly focused on biodiesel and its present status, applications etc.,
Introduction
Evolution of biofuels
Biofuel production methods
Target areas for biotechnological interventions
Current research and developments
Success stories
Applications
Future line
Summary
Conclusion
Green genes
Green genes- plants and algae
Hydrocarbons, polysaccharides and triacylglycerides -precursors for biofuel
Biofuel
From renewable biological processes
Forms of biofuel:
Biodiesel
Bioethanol
Biomethane
Biohydrogen
Biodegradable and ecofriendly
Major sources- plants and algae
Evolution of biofuel
Biomethane
Agricultural waste, manure, plant material, green waste, etc.
Anaerobic digestion
Cooking
Compressed biomethane - vehicle
Biohydrogen
Source - algal biomass
Biological process – fermentation
Organic acid as substrate – higher fermentation rate
Fuel for vehicles
Bioethanol from lignocellulose biomass
Presence of lignin in vascular tissue - barrier
Enzymatic digestion of lignin - improve plant carbohydrate production
Genes encoding enzymes hydroxyphyl (H), guaiacyl (G) and syringyl (S) - building blocks of lignin
Antisense constructs to knock out genes encoding enzymes
…bioethanol from lignocellulose biomass
Mature stem harvested - late flowering stage
Plants with least lignin have high carbohydrate level
Hydroxycinnamoyl - highly contributes for lignin blocking than enzymes like C 3-H and C 4-H
C 4H : Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase
HCT : Shikimate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase
C 3-H : Coumaroyl shikimate 3-hydroxylase
CCoAOMT : Caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase
F 5-H: Ferulate 5-hydroxylase
COMT: Caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase
Higher saccharification efficiency - transgenic lines
Pathway - conserved across plant kingdom
Targeted genes - candidate genes for improving saccharification in bioenergy crops like jatropha, switchgrass etc.
Biodiesel from algal biomass
Photosynthetic, heterotrophic organisms
Potential for cultivation as energy crops
Microalgal species with oil content
Why microalgae than plants?
More oil yield
Small area of land
Lesser need of labour, nutrients and water
Grow rapidly with high solar energy conversion efficiency
Wider adaptability
Current research and developments
Offshore Membrane Enclosure for Growing Algae (OMEGA) system
Success stories
Applications
Microalgal applications for biofuel productionSAIMA BARKI
Finding alternate to fossil fuels and 21st century,,
The use of microalgae as an alternate for fossil fuel, need of hour not because of political concerns but because required for the food security of next generations.
Significance of Bio-fuel in Aspect of BangladeshThought Maker
This presentation will present a brief concept of bio-fuel from very primary ideas to latest processing methods applicable in successive biofuel production
Market Research Report : Biofuels Market in China 2010Netscribes, Inc.
For the complete report, get in touch with us at : info@netscribes.com
The China biofuels market, which includes bioethanol and biodiesel, is estimated to reach a production capacity of 10 mn and 2 mn tones by 2020 respectively. Biofuels has huge growth potential in China. Recently, domestic and foreign players have formed joint ventures to start developing second generation biofuels. The government is taking initiatives by investing in the development of marginal land on which non food crops can be grown for the production of biofuels. Demand for clean energy sources along with government’s support will drive the biofuels market in China.
The report begins with an introduction of biofuels market indicating different types of biofuels and its respective feedstocks. This is followed by an overview of the bioethanol and biodiesel market including its production capacity and different available feedstocks used for the same. It further talks about the development of second generation biofuels i.e. cellulosic ethanol.
An analysis of drivers explain factors contributing to the growth of biofuels market including depleting and dependency on oil reserves, rising automotive sector, degradation of environment, international partnerships and social impact. The key challenges identified include scarcity of land and water, and food security. Government initiatives have been discussed indicating the subsidies being given to develop the biofuel market.
Competition section provides brief profiles of major domestic and foreign players in the market. The section contains a snapshot of their corporation, financial performance and business highlights, providing an insight into the existing competitive scenario.
Promoviendo una educación multicultural e interdisciplinar: Químicos Británic...Cátedra Banco Santander
Contribución en la XI Jornada de Buenas Prácticas en la docencia universitaria con apoyo de TIC celebrada en formato online el 25 de noviembre de 2020 y organizada por la Cátedra Banco Santander de la Universidad de Zaragoza.
Presentation at Reducing the costs of GHG estimates in agriculture to inform low emissions development
10-12 November 2014
Sponsored by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Presentation at workshop: Reducing the costs of GHG estimates in agriculture to inform low emissions development
November 10-12, 2014
Sponsored by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
E2BEBIS - Environmental and Economic Benefits from Biochar Clusters in the Ce...EUDA_ERA
Output from E2Bebis EU project. It highlight the environmental and economic benefits of Environmental from Biochar Clusters
in the Central area of Europe
Presenters: Juna Shrestha and Benjamin Huber
Title: Carbon offsetting to sustainably finance the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in Nepal
Date: October 4, 2016
Venue: Mann Library 160, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
Sponsors: SRI-Rice, International Programs, CALS, Cornell University
The 13th OECD Rural Development Conference was held in Cavan, Ireland on 28-30 September 2022 under the theme "Building Sustainable, Resilient and Thriving
Rural Places".
These are the presentations from the Conference parallel session "The Rural Agenda for Climate Action: Leveraging Climate and Circular BioEconomy Opportunities in Rural Areas".
For more information visit https://www.oecd.org/rural/rural-development-conference/.
1. Platform for Sustainable
Biokerosene Production
- First information on open positions for PhD candidates and
post-doctoral research associates -
2. Platform for Sustainable Biokerosene Production –
Research Project and Consecutive Implementation
Key questions
• Is it possible to produce renewable fuels in a sustainable way - without reducing food security?
• Could the production of biokerosene feedstock mitigate poverty in developing countries?
• And how can afforestation projects increase biodiversity, mitigate climate change and at the same time
produce feedstock for renewable fuels?
We are looking for 11 researchers (PhD candidates or post-doctoral research associates) who will be dealing
with these and other questions. The objective is to develop consistent concepts of a socially, environmentally
and economically sustainable production of biokerosene feedstock on a global scale - concepts, which will be
put into practice by a spin-off company.
The research project is located at the Leuphana University of Lüneburg (Prof. Schaltegger and Prof. Klein) in
cooperation with Yale University (Prof. Bailis) and the University of South Australia (Prof. Burritt).
Vacancies: 9 full-time and 2 part-time positions, fixed-term for 2-3 years starting at the beginning of 2011.
Applications and enquiries: averdunk@leuphana.de; full job postings online soon at
www.leuphana.de/aktuell/ausschreibungen/offene-stellen/inkubator.html
1
3. Background and Motivation
The International Air Traffic Association (IATA) is committed to the use of 10% renewable fuels by 2017 in order
to reduce carbon emissions as well as the industry’s dependency on fossil fuels. As of today, plant oils are the
most viable feedstock for biokerosene production. The volume required to fulfill IATA’s 2017 target is estimated
at 15 - 30 Mio. tons p.a. This amount represents 10-20% of today's global plant oil production. The greatest
challenge in this context is thus to produce large additional volumes of plant oil in an environmentally and
socially sustainable way, i. e without reducing food security.
The research interest of the project is to analyze and advance existing concepts of sustainable plant oil
production and to put them into practice. These concepts comprise the use of oil bearing trees and shrubs in
afforrestation projects (e.g. Jatropha and Moringa) as well as intercropping systems including short seasoned oil
plants (e.g. Camelina).
Funding of over €2.5 Mio. for the project has been received from the Innovation Incubator, a program initiated by
the Leuphana University of Lüneburg, financed by the European Union and the German Federal State of Lower
Saxony with a total investment volume of €100 Mio.1
1 For further details see: www.leuphana.de/inkubator.html
2
4. First information on open positions:
1. Environmental sustainability of biokerosene feedstock production
Requirements: MSc degree/ PhD in environmental (tropical) sciences such as agricultural or forestry sciences
1.1 Concepts for biodiversity-friendly biokerosene production in tropical countries:
Evaluate existing plant oil production systems and develop concepts to combine different plant community
mixtures and planting schemes of (oil) trees, shrubs, and other plants to optimize biodiversity while producing
plant oil (bearing in mind the economic feasibility of afforestation projects)
1.2 Concepts for carbon sequestration for plant oil producing land-use systems in the tropics:
Evaluate existing plant oil production systems and develop concepts for the optimal combination of (oil)
trees, shrubs and other plants to maximize carbon sequestration and enhance the quality of soil, water and
air (bearing in mind the economic feasibility of afforestation projects)
1.3 Environmental sustainability of plant oil production in moderate climate zones:
Develop concepts to produce additional plant oil without reducing food production in temperate climate
zones; focus: intercropping and use of marginal/depleted/unused land
Applications and enquiries: averdunk@leuphana.de; full job postings online soon at www.leuphana.de/aktuell/ausschreibungen/offene-stellen/inkubator.html
3
5. First information on open positions:
2. Social sustainability of biokerosene feedstock production
Requirements: MSc degree/ PhD in economics, environmental or social sciences,
work experience in developing countries, contacts to NGO/ farmer associations
2.1 Social sustainability in developing countries:
•Develop concepts and business models to maximize positive social impacts of plant oil production projects in
developing countries bearing in mind their economic feasibility
•Asses and initiate potential cooperation with NGOs, small farmer associations and other socially oriented
organizations
2.2 Global social sustainability/ food security:
•Analyze and develop concepts to reduce competition between food and fuel in the context of biokerosene
production
•Develop approaches to avoid negative effects of plant oil production on global food prices and the resulting
deterioration in local food security in developing and developed countries
Applications and enquiries: averdunk@leuphana.de; full job postings online soon at www.leuphana.de/aktuell/ausschreibungen/offene-stellen/inkubator.html
4
6. First information on open positions:
3. Overall production potential of biokerosene feedstock production
Requirements: MSc degree/ PhD in environmental (tropical) sciences such as agricultural or forestry sciences,
work experience in agricultural projects
3.1 Biokerosene feedstock production potential in tropical countries:
•Prepare the implementation of concepts for sustainable plant oil production in tropical countries (mainly
Africa) focusing on different types of oil producing trees
•Incorporate concepts to optimize biodiversity (see profile 1.1), carbon sequestration and other
environmental impacts (see profile 1.2) while maximizing positive social effects (see profile 2.1) and avoiding
competition between food and fuel production (see profile 2.2)
3.2 Biokerosene feedstock production potential in moderate climate zones:
•Prepare the implementation of concepts for sustainable plant oil production in countries with moderate
climate (mainly Europe) focusing on intercropping systems and use of marginal/depleted/unused land
•Incorporate concepts to optimize carbon sequestration and other environmental impacts (see profile 1.3)
while avoiding competition between food and fuel production (see profile 2.2)
Applications and enquiries: averdunk@leuphana.de; full job postings online soon at www.leuphana.de/aktuell/ausschreibungen/offene-stellen/inkubator.html
5
7. First information on open positions:
4. Sustainability accounting, certification and communication
Requirements: Degree in business administration, sustainability management, social-environmental studies or
simila degreesr, preferably work experience or PhD
4.1 Sustainability performance measurement and sustainability accounting (preferably PostDoc):
•Develop concepts for sustainability performance measurement and sustainability accounting for
supply/value chains, using the case of plant oil production for biokerosene
•Analyze data requirements to assess and prove the social and environmental sustainability of biokerosene
supply/value chains
•Conduct reliable calculations of biokerosene supply/value chains (including LCA and further accounting
methods)
4.2 Certification and communication of sustainability (preferably work experience):
•Analyze existing concepts and frameworks to certify and communicate the sustainability of agricultural
feedstock i. e. for biokerosene production bearing in mind its economic feasibility
•Develop a certification and communication framework for sustainable plant oil production considering
technical and societal risks and opportunities as well as information, communication and marketing issues
Applications and enquiries: averdunk@leuphana.de; full job postings online soon at www.leuphana.de/aktuell/ausschreibungen/offene-stellen/inkubator.html
6
8. First information on open positions:
5. Carbon compensation financing and business models
Requirements: Degree in business administration or similar degrees, knowledge in financial modelling, work
experience (corporate/project financing, investment appraisal, business economics), preferably PhD
5.1 Carbon compensation financing models:
•Analyze and develop financing models for biokerosene feedstock projects based on carbon credits in tropical
countries
•Analyze existing and potential projects for carbon compensation, usability of standards and investors’
preferences
5.2 Business models for sustainable biokerosene feedstock
•Analyze existing business models for plant oil production and the sustainability of those projects, their
supply chains and value added networks; develop concepts for evaluating business models
•Identify patterns, designs and interrelations of low-income and industrial market business models along the
biokerosene supply chain
•Asses the global production potential for plant oil in terms of feasibility, social and environmental impacts,
model financial viability of business models
Applications and enquiries: averdunk@leuphana.de; full job postings online soon at www.leuphana.de/aktuell/ausschreibungen/offene-stellen/inkubator.html
7